Probabilistic Quantum Teleportation

Abstract

We consider a generalized quantum teleportation protocol for an unknown qubit using non-maximally entangled state as a shared resource. Without recourse to local filtering or entanglement concentration, using standard Bell-state measurement and classical communication one cannot teleport the state with unit fidelity and unit probability. We show that using non-maximally entangled measurements one can teleport an unknown state with unit fidelity albeit with reduced probability, hence probabilistic teleportation. We also give a generalized protocol for entanglement swapping using non-maximally entangled states.