Cold atom dynamics in a quantum optical lattice potential

Abstract

We study a generalized cold atom Bose Hubbard model, where the periodic optical potential is formed by a cavity field with quantum properties. On the one hand the common coupling of all atoms to the same mode introduces cavity mediated long range atom-atom interactions and on the other hand atomic backaction on the field introduces atom-field entanglement. This modifies the properties of the associated quantum phase transitions and allows for new correlated atom-field states including superposition of different atomic quantum phases. After deriving an approximative Hamiltonian including the new long range interaction terms we exhibit central physical phenomena at generic configurations of few atoms in few wells. We find strong modifications of population fluctuations and next-nearest neighbor correlations near the phase transition point.