A Stern-Gerlach experiment for slow light

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced transparency allows for light transmission through dense atomic media by means of quantum interference. Media exhibiting electromagnetically induced transparency have very interesting properties, such as extremely slow group velocities. Associated with the slow light propagation are quasiparticles, the so-called dark polaritons, which are mixtures of a photonic and an atomic contribution. We here demonstrate that these excitations behave as particles with a nonzero magnetic moment, which is in clear contrast to the properties of a free photon. It is found that light passing through a rubidium gas cell under the conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency is deflected by a small magnetic field gradient. The deflection angle is proportional to the optical propagation time through the cell. The observed beam deflection can be understood by assuming that dark state polaritons have an effective magnetic moment. Our experiment can be described in terms of a Stern-Gerlach experiment for the polaritons.