Aspects of quantum coherence in the optical Bloch equations

Abstract

Aspects of coherence and decoherence are analyzed within the optical Bloch equations. By rewriting the analytic solution in an alternate form, we are able to emphasize a number of unusual features: (a) despite the Markovian nature of the bath, coherence at long times can be retained; (b) the long-time asymptotic degree of coherence in the system is intertwined with the asymptotic difference in level populations; (c) the traditional population-relaxation and decoherence times, $T_1$ and $T_2$, lose their meaning when the system is in the presence of an external field, and are replaced by more general overall timescales; (d) increasing the field strength, quantified by the Rabi frequency, $Ω$, increases the rate of decoherence rather than reducing it, as one might expect; and (e) maximum asymptotic coherence is reached when the system parameters satisfy $Ω^2 = 1/(T_1 T_2)$.