Barut-Girardello coherent states for u(p,q) and sp(N,R) and their macroscopic superpositions

Abstract

The Barut-Girardello coherent states (BG CS) representation is extended to the noncompact algebras u(p,q) and sp(N,R) in (reducible) quadratic boson realizations. The sp(N,R) BG CS take the form of multimode ordinary Schrödinger cat states. Macroscopic superpositions of 2^{n-1} sp(N,R) CS (2^n canonical CS, n=1,2,...) are pointed out which are overcomplete in the N-mode Hilbert space and the relation between the canonical CS and the u(p,q) BG-type CS representations is established. The sets of u(p,q) and sp(N,R) BG CS and their discrete superpositions contain many states studied in quantum optics (even and odd N-mode CS, pair CS) and provide an approach to quadrature squeezing, alternative to that of intelligent states. New subsets of weakly and strongly nonclassical states are pointed out and their statistical properties (first- and second-order squeezing, photon number distributions) are discussed. For specific values of the angle parameters and small amplitude of the canonical CS components these states approaches multimode Fock states with one, two or three bosons/photons. It is shown that eigenstates of a squared non-Hermitian operator A^2 (generalized cat states) can exhibit squeezing of the quadratures of A.