April 1998 arXiv papers — page 5

Adam Burrows, R. F. Sawyer

Including nucleon--nucleon correlations due to both Fermi statistics and nuclear forces, we have developed a general formalism for calculating the charged--current neutrino--nucleon absorption rates in nuclear matter. We find that at one half nuclear density many--body effects alone suppress the rates by a factor of two and that the suppression factors incre

L. Binette, B. Joguet, J. C. L. Wang

The high redshift radiogalaxy 1243+036 (z=3.6) presents an asymmetric Lyman alpha profile of FWHM 1550 km/s as measured by van Ojik et al. We propose that the blue asymmetry in the Lyman alpha profile is not due to narrow absorption dips but consists of narrow emission peaks. We interpret the blueshifted peaks near -1130, -850 and -550 km/s (relative to the

S. Colafrancesco, P. Blasi

We discuss the diffuse emission of gamma rays and neutrinos from galaxy clusters in the viable models for structure formation in the universe. We use a self-consistent picture for cluster formation and evolution starting from a primordial density perturbation spectrum, and a realistic modelling for the distribution of the intergalactic medium which is abunda

Markus Kissler-Patig, Duncan A. Forbes, Dante Minniti

The discovery of proto-globular cluster candidates in many current-day mergers allows us to better understand the possible effects of a merger event on the globular cluster system of a galaxy, and to foresee the properties of the end-product. By comparing these expectations to the properties of globular cluster systems of today's elliptical galaxies we c

P. J. E. Peebles, R. Juszkiewicz

If the first stars formed soon after decoupling of baryons from the thermal cosmic background radiation (CBR), the radiation may have been last scattered in a cloudy plasma. We discuss the resulting small-scale anisotropy of the CBR in the limit where the plasma clouds are small compared to the mean distance between clouds along a line of sight. This complem

F. P. Pijpers

One of the most well-known tests of General Relativity (GR) results from combining measurements of the anomalous precession of the orbit of Mercury with a determination of the gravitational quadrupole moment of the Sun J_2. The latter can be done by inference from an integral relation between J_2 and the solar internal rotation. New observational data of hig

Patrick Petitjean

Molecules dominate the cooling function of neutral metal-poor gas at high density. Observation of molecules at high redshift is thus an important tool toward understanding the physical conditions prevailing in collapsing gas. Up to now, detections are sparse because of small filling factor and/or sensitivity limitations. However, we are at an exciting time w

F. Fiore, G. Matt, M. Cappi, M. Elvis

Steep soft X-ray (0.1-2 keV) quasars share several unusual properties: narrow Balmer lines, strong FeII emission, large and fast X-ray variability, rather steep 2-10 keV spectrum. These intriguing objects have been suggested to be the analogs of Galactic black hole candidates in the high, soft state. We present here results from ASCA observations for two of

Pavel Kroupa

A parameter study is underway in Heidelberg that aims to find and constrain possible solutions to the dSph satellite problem under the assumption that some of these systems may not be dark matter dominated. The present state of the parameter survey of tidally disrupting spheroidal dwarf galaxies is described, and examples of preliminary results are presented

Jose A. Font, Jose M. Ibanez

We present the results of an exhaustive numerical study of fully relativistic non-axisymmetric Bondi-Hoyle accretion onto a moving Schwarzschild black hole. We have solved the equations of general relativistic hydrodynamics with a high-resolution shock-capturing numerical scheme based on a linearized Riemann solver. The numerical code was previously used to

Michael Eracleous, Jules P. Halpern

We present the X-ray spectrum of the broad-line radio galaxy Pictor A as observed by ASCA in 1996. The main objective of the observation was to detect and study the profiles of the Fe~K$α$ lines. The motivation was the fact that the Balmer lines of this object show well-separated displaced peaks, suggesting an origin in an accretion disk. The 0.5-10 keV X-ra

Atsunori Yonehara, Shin Mineshige, Tadahiro Manmoto, Jun Fukue

The innermost regions of quasars can be resolved by a gravitational-lens {\lq}telescope{\rq} on scales down to a few AU. For the purpose, X-ray observations are most preferable, because X-rays originating from the innermost regions, can be selectively amplified by microlensing due to the so-called `caustic crossing'. If detected, X-ray variations will co

D. G. Polyakov

We study the system-size dependence of the averaged critical conductance $g(L)$ at the Anderson transition. We have: (i) related the correction $δg(L)=g(\infty)-g(L)\propto L^{-y}$ to the spectral correlations; (ii) expressed $δg(L)$ in terms of the quantum return probability; (iii) argued that $y=η$ -- the critical exponent of eigenfunction correlations. Ex

Klaus Behrndt, Ilka Brunner, Ingo Gaida

We present a derivation of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy from conformal field theories. In particular we consider a six-dimensional string configuration with background metric AdS_3 * S^3 near the horizon. In addition we introduce momentum modes along the string, corresponding to a Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black hole in the anti-de Sitter (AdS) spac

Paolo Catelan, Sabino Matarrese, Cristiano Porciani

We study the spatial distribution of dark matter halos in the Universe in terms of their number density contrast, related to the underlying dark matter fluctuation via a non-local and non-linear bias random field. The description of the matter dynamics is simplified by adopting the `truncated' Zel'dovich approximation to obtain both analytical result

A. V. Belitsky, D. Mueller

Employing the operator algebra of the conformal group and the conformal Ward identities, we derive the constraints for the anomalies of dilatation and special conformal transformations of the local twist-2 operators in Quantum Chromodynamics. We calculate these anomalies in the leading order of perturbation theory in the minimal subtraction scheme. From the

Deepto Chakrabarty, Edward H. Morgan

Typical radio pulsars are magnetized neutron stars that are born rapidly rotating and slow down as they age on time scales of 10 to 100 million years. However, millisecond radio pulsars spin very rapidly even though many are billions of years old. The most compelling explanation is that they have been "spun up" by the transfer of angular momentum dur

H. Päs, M. Hirsch, H. V. Klapdor-Kleingrothaus, S. G. Kovalenko

A general Lorentz--invariant parameterization for the long-range part of the $0νββ$ decay rate is derived. Combined with the short range part this general parameterization in terms of effective $B-L$ violating couplings will allow it to extract the $0νββ$ limits on arbitrary lepton number violating theories. Several new nuclear matrix elements appear in the

J. Main, K. Weibert, G. Wunner

Semiclassical spectra beyond the Gutzwiller and Berry-Tabor approximation for chaotic and regular systems, respectively, are obtained by harmonic inversion of the hbar expansion of the periodic orbit signal. The method is illustrated for the circle billiard, where the semiclassical error is reduced by one to several orders of magnitude with respect to the lo

Luigi Foschini

It is shown that the plasma, generated during an impact of a meteoroid with an artificial satellite, can produce electromagnetic radiation below the microwave frequency range. This interference is shown to exceed local noise sources and might disturb regular satellite operations.

Friedemann Brandt

It is outlined how deformations of field theoretical rigid symmetries can be constructed and classified by cohomological means in the extended antifield formalism. Special attention is devoted to deformations referring only to a subset of the rigid symmetries of a given model and leading to a nontrivial extension of the graded Lie algebra associated with tha

Carlo Madonna

We show that Horrocks' criterion for the splitting of rank two vector bundles in P^3 can be extended, with some assumptions on the Chern classes, on non singular hypersurfaces in P^4. Extension of other splitting criterion are studied.

H. Nicolai, H. Samtleben

The canonical formulation of d=2, N=16 supergravity is presented. We work out the supersymmetry generators (including all higher order spinor terms) and the N=16 superconformal constraint algebra. We then describe the construction of the conserved non-local charges associated with the affine E_9 symmetry of the classical equations of motion. These charges ar

T. -S. H. Lee, J. A. Oller, E. Oset, A. Ramos

A recently developed nonperturbative chiral approach to describe the S=-1 meson-baryon reactions has been extended to investigate the near threshold $K^- p \to γΛ, γΣ^0$ reactions. With the parameters governed by chiral SU(3) symmetry, we show that the predicted branching ratios $Γ_{K^- p \to γΛ}/Γ_{K^- p \to all}$ and $Γ_{K^-p\to γΣ^0}/Γ_{K^- p \to all}$ ar

L. H. Ford, N. F. Svaiter

The imposition of boundary conditions upon a quantized field can lead to singular energy densities on the boundary. We treat the boundaries as quantum mechanical objects with a nonzero position uncertainty, and show that the singular energy density is removed. This treatment also resolves a long standing paradox concerning the total energy of the minimally c

Tamás Geszti

Interaction-free measurement is shown to arise from the forward-scattered wave accompanying absorption: a "quantum silhouette" of the absorber. Accordingly, the process is not free of interaction. For a perfect absorber the forward-scattered wave is locked both in amplitude and in phase. For an imperfect one it has a nontrivial phase of dynamical ori

Arun Kumar Pati

We obtain the adiabatic Berry phase by defining a generalised gauge potential whose line integral gives the phase holonomy for arbitrary evolutions of parameters. Keeping in mind that for classical integrable systems it is hardly clear how to obtain open-path Hannay angle, we establish a connection between the open-path Berry phase and Hannay angle by using

Marc A. Rieffel

We pose 22 relatively general questions about quantization in the operator algebra setting. In the process we briefly survey some recent developments.

Uldis Berzinsh, Morgan Gustafsson, Dag Hanstorp, Andreas E. Klinkmueller

The specific mass shift in the electron affinity between ^{35}Cl and ^{37}Cl has been determined by tunable laser photodetachment spectroscopy to be -0.51(14) GHz. The isotope shift was observed as a difference in the onset of the photodetachment process for the two isotopes. In addition, the electron affinity of Cl was found to be 29138.59(22) cm^{-1}, givi

H. B. Nersisyan

We studied the dynamics of surfacea and wake charges induced by a charged particle traversing a dielectric slab. It is shown that after the crossing of the slab first boundary, the induced on the slab surface charge (image charge) is transformed into the wake charge, which overflows to the second boundary when the particle crosses it. It is also shown, that

L. A. Barreiro, R. Higa, C. L. Lima, M. R. Robilotta

We study elastic N$α$ scattering and produce a quantitative correlation between the range of the effective potential and the energy of the system. This allows the identification of the waves and energies for which the scattering may be said to be peripheral. We then show that the corresponding phase shifts are sensitive to the tail of the NN potential, which

Pieter Maris, Craig D. Roberts

As a consequence of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking the pion Bethe-Salpeter amplitude necessarily contains terms proportional to gamma_5 gamma.P and gamma_5 gamma.k, where k is the relative and P the total momentum of the constituents. These terms are essential for the preservation of low energy theorems, such as the Gell-Mann--Oakes-Renner relation and t

David B. Kaplan

I outline the power counting scheme recently introduced by M. Savage, M. Wise and myself for the effective field theory treatment of nucleon-nucleon scattering. It is particularly useful for describing systems with a large scattering length, and differs from Weinberg's power counting. A renormalization group analysis plays a big role in determining the o

W. Satuła, J. Dobaczewski, W. Nazarewicz

The odd-even staggering of nuclear masses was recognized in the early days of nuclear physics. Recently, a similar effect was discovered in other finite fermion systems, such as ultrasmall metallic grains and metal clusters. It is believed that the staggering in nuclei and grains is primarily due to pairing correlations (superconductivity), while in clusters

J. E. Garcia-Ramos, C. E. Alonso, J. M. Arias, P. Van Isacker

A general study of excitations up to two-phonon states is carried out using the intrinsic-state formalism of the Interacting Boson Model (IBM). Spectra and transitions for the different dynamical symmetries are analyzed and the correspondence with states in the laboratory frame is established. The influence of multi-phonon states is discussed. The approach i

M. Belkacem, M. Brandstetter, S. A. Bass, M. Bleicher

Equilibrium properties of infinite relativistic hadron matter are investigated using the Ultrarelativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) model. The simulations are performed in a box with periodic boundary conditions. Equilibration times depend critically on energy and baryon densities. Energy spectra of various hadronic species are shown to be isotropi

A. Cobis, D. V. Fedorov, A. S. Jensen

We solve the coordinate space Faddeev equations in the continuum. We employ hyperspherical coordinates and provide analytical expressions allowing easy computation of the effective potentials at distances much larger than the ranges of the interactions where only s-waves in the different Jacobi coordinates couple. Realistic computations are carried out for t

M. Shmatikov

A method to investigate possible loosely bound dibaryon states is suggested. The momentum dependence of a two-pion correlation function is shown to depend on the (non)existence of a bound state.

G. Colo`, H. Sagawa, N. Van Giai, P. F. Bortignon

A self-consistent particle-phonon coupling model is used to investigate the properties of the isobaric analog resonance in $^{208}$Bi. It is shown that quantitative agreement with experimental data for the energy and the width can be obtained if the effects of isospin-breaking nuclear forces are included, in addition to the Coulomb force effects. A connectio

M. B. Barbaro, R. Cenni, A. De Pace, T. W. Donnelly

In this paper dividing factors GL and GT are constructed for the longitudinal and transverse responses of the relativistic Fermi gas in such a way that the reduced responses so obtained scale. These factors parallel another dividing factor studied previously, HL, that yields a (different) reduced response which fulfills the Coulomb sum rule. GL, GT and HL ar

A. A. Bytsenko, F. L. Williams

We consider the heat kernel (and the zeta function) associated with Laplace type operators acting on a general irreducible rank 1 locally symmetric space X. The set of Minakshisundaram- Pleijel coefficients {A_k(X)}_{k=0}^{\infty} in the short-time asymptotic expansion of the heat kernel is calculated explicitly.

Sijong Kwak

Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity is an important invariant of projective algebraic varieties. A well known conjecture due to Eisenbud and Goto gives a bound for regularity in terms of the codimension and degree,i.e., Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of a given variety X is less than or equal to deg(X)-codimension(X)+1. Generic projection methods proved to be eff

Jaume Gudayol

We study the interpolation sets for the Hardy-Sobolev spaces defined on the unit ball of ${\bf C}^n$. We begin by giving a natural extension to ${\bf C}^n$ of the condition that is known to be necessay and sufficient for interpolation sets lying on the boundary of the unit disc. We show that under this condition the restriction of a function in the Hardy-Sob

H. C. Lee, R. B. Zhang

The quantum supergroup OSPq(1|2n) is studied systematically. A Haar functional is constructed, and an algebraic version of the Peter - Weyl theory is extended to this quantum supergroup. Quantum homogeneous superspaces and quantum homogeneous supervector bundles are defined following the strategy of Connes' theory. Parabolic induction is developed by emp

Suhyoung Choi

We try to understand the geometric properties of $n$-manifolds ($n\geq 2$) with geometric structures modeled on $(\bR P^n, \PGL(n+1, \bR))$, i.e., $n$-manifolds with projectively flat torsion free affine connections. We define the notion of $i$-convexity of such manifolds due to Carriére for integers $i$, $1 \leq i \leq n-1$, which are generalization of conv

Dan Abramovich, Angelo Vistoli

Families of stable curves of genus $γ$ over a smooth curve $C$ correspond to morphisms from $C$ to the moduli stack of stable curves $\bar{\cal M}_γ$. It is natural to compactify the corresponding moduli problem using stable maps into the stack. In order to get a complete moduli problem, the source curves must acquire extra structure, and you will have to re

Jaume Gudayol

Given a compact of ${\bf R}^n$, there is always a doubling measure having it as its support. We use this fact to construct an integral operator that extends differentiable functions defined on any compact set of ${\bf R}^n$ to the whole of ${\bf R}^n$. This allows us both to give a new proof of Whitney's extension theorem and to extend it to Besov spaces

O. Bergman, B. Kol

We argue for the existence of many new 1/4 BPS states in N=4 SU(N_c) Super-Yang-Mills theory with N_c>=3, by constructing them from supersymmetric string webs whose external strings terminate on parallel D3-branes. The masses of the string webs are shown to agree with the BPS bound for the corresponding states in SYM. We identify the curves of marginal stabi

W. G. Unruh

This paper presents an analysis of the radiation seen by an observer in circular acceleration, for a magnetic spin. This is applied to an electron in a storage ring, and the subtilty of the interaction of the spin with the spatial motion of the electron is explicated. This interaction is shown to be time dependent (in the radiating frame), which explains the

Alexei Nurmagambetov

Starting from the bosonic sector of the M-theory super-five-brane we obtain the action for duality-symmetric three-brane and construct the consistent coupling of the proposed action with the bosonic sector of type IIB supergravity.

M A Grigoriev, A M Semikhatov, I Yu Tipunin

We study the geometry of the Lagrangian Batalin--Vilkovisky theory on an antisymplectic manifold. We show that gauge symmetries of the BV-theory are essentially the symmetries of an even symplectic structure on the stationary surface of the master action.

L. P. Horwitz

The gauge compensation fields induced by the differential operators of the Stueckelberg-Schrödinger equation are discussed, as well as the relation between these fields and the standard Maxwell fields. An action is constructed and the second quantization of the fields carried out using a constraint procedure. Some remarks are made on the properties of the se

L. P. Horwitz, Y. Strauss

We discuss some of the experimental motivation for the need for semigroup decay laws, and the quantum Lax-Phillips theory of scattering and unstable systems. In this framework, the decay of an unstable system is described by a semigroup. The spectrum of the generator of the semigroup corresponds to the singularities of the Lax-Phillips $S$-matrix. In the cas

Isabel P. Ennes, Stephen G. Naculich, Henric Rhedin, Howard J. Schnitzer

We consider N=2 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theories in four dimensions with gauge group SU(N) for N larger than two. Using the cubic curve for a matter hypermultiplet transforming in the symmetric representation, obtained from M-theory by Landsteiner and Lopez, we calculate the prepotential up to the one instanton correction. We treat the curve to be approxim

Phuoc Ha

We study the decuplet baryon magnetic moments in a QCD-based quark model beyond quenched approximation. Our approach for unquenching the theory is based on the heavy baryon perturbation theory in which the axial couplings for baryon - meson and the meson-meson-photon couplings from the chiral perturbation theory are used together with the QM moment couplings

Phuoc Ha, Loyal Durand

We study meson loop corrections to the baryon magnetic moments starting from a QCD-based quark model derived earlier in a quenched approximation to QCD. The model reproduces the standard quark model with extra corrections for the binding of the quarks. The loop corrections are necessary to remove the quenching. Our calculations use heavy baryon perturbation

Marek Karliner

I review the recent work on obtaining precise estimates of higher-order corrections in QCD and field theory.

M. Carena, D. Choudhury, S. Lola, C. Quigg

Supersymmetric couplings that do not respect R-parity can induce significant changes in the interaction rates of ultrahigh-energy neutrinos through the direct-channel production of superpartner resonances, and can provide new sources of extremely energetic tau-leptons. We analyze the possible observable consequences of R-parity violating transitions in large

C. J. A. P. Martins, E. P. S. Shellard

In this paper we present the first analytic model for vorton formation. We start by deriving the microscopic string equations of motion in Witten's superconducting model, and show that in the relevant chiral limit these coincide with the ones obtained from the supersonic elastic models of Carter and Peter. We then numerically study a number of solutions

P. Colangelo, F. De Fazio, N. Paver

We use QCD sum rules, in the framework of the Heavy Quark Effective Theory, to calculate the universal form factor $τ_{1/2}(y)$ parameterizing the semileptonic transitions $B \to D_0 \ell \bar ν$, $B \to D_1^* \ell \bar ν$, where $D_0$ and $D^*_1$ are the members of the excited charmed doublet with $J^P=(0^+_{1/2},1^+_{1/2})$. We include two-loop corrections

Andreas Hauck, Lorenz von Smekal, Reinhard Alkofer

Truncated Dyson-Schwinger equations represent finite subsets of the equations of motion for Green's functions. Solutions to these non-linear integral equations can account for non-perturbative correlations. A closed set of coupled Dyson-Schwinger equations for the propagators of gluons and ghosts in Landau gauge QCD is obtained by neglecting all contribu

Walter Dittrich, Holger Gies

Within the framework of effective action QED, we derive the light cone condition for homogeneous non-trivial QED vacua in the geometric optics approximation. Our result generalizes the ``unified formula'' suggested by Latorre, Pascual and Tarrach and allows for the calculation of velocity shifts and refractive indices for soft photons travelling thro

B. Pötter

We present results from NLO QCD calculations on the production of jets in ep collisions at HERA in a continuous range of photon virtuality Q^2. Special attention is given to the collinear singularities from the virtual photon and the resolved virtual photon component of the cross sections. Comparisons with dijet data from H1 are shown and the infrared sensit

P. Duka, J. Gluza, M. Zralek

Influence of the neutrino mass submatrix $M_L$ on the e-e- -> W-W- process is discussed. Taking into account various possible CP signatures of heavy neutrinos it is shown that, in some cases, nonzero $M_L$ substantially changes predictions for maximum possible values of the e-e- -> W-W- cross section. A direct role of the $ω^2$ parameter (coming from neutrin

Tuomas Multamaki, Iiro Vilja

The possibility of baryogenesis at the electroweak phase transition is considered within the context of a minimal supersymmetric standard model with spontaneous R-parity violation. Provided that at least one of the sneutrino fields acquires a large enough vacuum expectation value, a sufficient baryon asymmetry can be created. Compared to R-parity conserving

Q. H. Zhang, X. Q. Li, C. S. Gao, W. Q. Chao

The effects of multi-pion correlations and finite coherent length on two-pion interferometry are studied. It was shown that as the pion multiplicity and coherent length become larger, the apparent radius and the apparent coherent parameters derived from two-pion interferometry become smaller. The influence of the coherent length on the effective temperature

Aiichi Iwazaki

We solve numerically a field equation of axions coupled with gravity and show solutions representing oscillating axionic boson stars with small mass $\sim 10^{-12}M_{\odot}$ and large radius $\sim 10^{8}$ cm. We present explicitly a relation between the mass and the radius of the boson stars with such a small mass. These axionic boson stars are shown to poss

G. Lopez Castro, R. Martinez, J. H. Munoz

Large long-distance standard model effects in FCNC semileptonic D decays can make observable these processes in future measurements. Eventual disagreements in this sector and/or the observation of lepton family violating (LFV) D decays would require an explanatio beyond the SM framework. In this paper we confront present experimental data on leptonic and sem

David O. Caldwell

New experimental results, if correct, require at least one light sterile neutrino, in addition to the three active ones, to accommodate the mass differences required to explain the solar $ν_e$ deficit, the anomalous $ν/e$ ratio produced by atmospheric neutrinos, and either the candidate events for $ν_μ\toν_e$ (or $\barν_μ\to\barν_e$) from the LSND experiment

CDF Collaboration, F. Abe et. al

We report the observation of bottom-charmed mesons B_c in 1.8 TeV p-bar p collisions using the CDF detector at the Fermilab Tevatron. The B_c mesons were found through their semileptonic decays, B_c -> J/psi lepton X. A fit to the J/psi lepton mass distribution yielded 20.4 +6.2 -5.5 events from B_c mesons. A test of the null hypothesis, i.e. an attempt to f

ZEUS Collaboration

Differential dijet cross sections have been measured with the ZEUS detector for photoproduction events in which the hadronic final state containing the jets is separated with respect to the outgoing proton direction by a large rapidity gap. The cross section has been measured as a function of the fraction of the photon (x_gamma^OBS) and pomeron (beta^OBS) mo

José Socorro, Claus Lämmerzahl, Alfredo Macías, Eckehard W. Mielke

Above Planck energies, the spacetime might become non--Riemannian, as it is known fron string theory and inflation. Then geometries arise in which nonmetricity and torsion appear as field strengths, side by side with curvature. By gauging the affine group, a metric affine gauge theory emerges as dynamical framework. Here, by using the harmonic map ansatz, a

Michael P. Reisenberger

A classical continuum theory corresponding to Barrett and Crane's model of Euclidean quantum gravity is presented. The fields in this classical theory are those of SO(4) BF theory, a simple topological theory of an so(4) valued 2-form field, $B^{IJ}_{\m\n}$, and an so(4) connection. The left handed (self-dual) and right handed (anti-self-dual) components

Joan Masso, Edward Seidel, Wai-Mo Suen, Paul Walker

We present techniques and methods for analyzing the dynamics of event horizons in numerically constructed spacetimes. There are three classes of analytical tools we have investigated. The first class consists of proper geometrical measures of the horizon which allow us comparison with perturbation theory and powerful global theorems. The second class involve

Patrick R Brady, Adrian C Ottewill

We investigate conformally coupled quantum matter fields on spherically symmetric, continuously self-similar backgrounds. By exploiting the symmetry associated with the self-similarity the general structure of the renormalized quantum stress-energy tensor can be derived. As an immediate application we consider a combination of classical, and quantum perturba

C. M. Soukoulis, K. Busch, M. Kafesaki, E. N. Economou

A comment on the recently published article (PRL 79, 3166 (1997)) is given. The issue is if there is a unique self-consistent way in determining the effective medium in a random medium. The recently introduced effective medium theory (PRL 75, 3442 (1995)) based on the principle of energy density homogenization is also discussed.

James Badro, Jean-Paul Itie, Alain Polian

X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments have been carried out on quartz-like GaPO4 at high pressure and room temperature. A transition to a high pressure disordered crystalline form occurs at 13.5 GPa. Slight heating using a YAG infrared laser was applied at 17 GPa in order to crystallize the phase in its stability field. The structure of this phase is orthorhom

R. Pastor-Satorras, J. Wagensberg

We apply the Principle of Maximum Entropy to the study of a general class of deterministic fractal sets. The scaling laws peculiar to these objects are accounted for by means of a constraint concerning the average content of information in those patterns. This constraint allows for a new statistical characterization of fractal objects and fractal dimension.

Kevin E. Bassler, Dana A. Browne

We study the one dimensional three species monomer-monomer reaction model in the reaction controlled limit using mean-field theory and dynamic Monte Carlo simulations. The phase diagram consists of a reactive steady state bordered by three equivalent adsorbing phases where the surface is saturated with one monomer species. The transitions from the reactive p

K. B. Nordstrom, K. Johnsen, S. J. Allen, A. -P. Jauho

The Dynamical Franz-Keldysh Effect is exposed by exploring near-bandgap absorption in the presence of intense THz electric fields. It bridges the gap between the DC Franz- Keldysh effect and multi-photon absorption and competes with the THz AC Stark Effect in shifting the energy of the excitonic resonance. A theoretical model which includes the strong THz fi

Sudhir R. Jain, Zafar Ahmed

We present a modified Brownian motion model for random matrices where the eigenvalues (or levels) of a random matrix evolve in "time" in such a way that they never cross each other's path. Also, owing to the exact integrability of the level dynamics, we incorporate long-time recurrences into the random walk problem underlying the Brownian motion.

C. A. Marsh, P. V. Coveney

An extension of the H-theorem for dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) to the case of a multi-component fluid is made. Detailed balance and an additional H-theorem are proved for an energy-conserving version of the DPD algorithm. The implications of these results for the statistical mechanics of the method are discussed.

K. -t. Leung, Z. Neda

Ising models obeying Glauber dynamics in a temporally oscillating magnetic field are analyzed. In the context of stochastic resonance, the response in the magnetization is calculated by means of both a mean-field theory with linear-response approximation, and the time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau equation. Analytic results for the temperature and frequency depe

Sudhir R. Jain, Arun K. Pati

Treating a many-body Fermi system in terms of a single particle in a deforming mean field. We relate adiabatic geometric phase to susceptibility for the noncyclic case, and to its derivative for the cyclic case. Employing the semiclassical expression of susceptibility, the expression for geometric phase for chaotic quantum system immediately follows. Exploit

Victor S. L'vov, Evgenii Podivilov, Itamar Procaccia

We show that the Sabra shell model of turbulence, which was introduced recently, displays a Hamiltonian structure for given values of the parameters. As a consequence we compute exactly a one-parameter family of anomalous scaling exponents associated with 4th order correlation functions.

R. Kantowski

Modifications in Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) Hubble diagrams caused by mass density inhomogeneities are used to illustrate possible effects on a determination of the mass parameter $Ω_m$ and the cosmological constant $Λ$. The values of these parameters inferred from a given set of observations depend on the fractional amount of matter in inhom

R. G. Griffiths, R. S. Warwick, I. Georgantopoulos, C. Done

We have used non-simultaneous Ginga, ASCA and ROSAT observations to investigate the complex X-ray spectrum of the Seyfert 2 galaxy Mrk 3. We find that the composite spectrum can be well described in terms of a heavily cut-off hard X-ray continuum, iron K_alpha emission and a soft X-ray excess, with spectral variability confined to changes in the continuum no

Milan M. Cirkovic

The dependence of the thermal pressure of hot galactic halos on a model parameter describing the frequency of major reheating episodes during galactic history is investigated. Pressure on the interface between interstellar medium and the halo gas is especially interesting, since empirical evidence here offers one of the simplest constraints on halo models. I

Coryn A. L. Bailer-Jones, Mike Irwin, Ted von Hippel

We describe a method for the extraction of spectra from high dispersion objective prism plates. Our method is a catalogue driven plate solution approach, making use of the Right Ascension and Declination coordinates for the target objects. In contrast to existing methods of photographic plate reduction, we digitize the entire plate and extract spectra off-li

S. Phillipps, S. P. Driver, W. J. Couch, R. M. Smith

Recent work suggests that rich clusters of galaxies commonly have large populations of dwarf (i.e. low luminosity) members, that is their luminosity function (LF) turns up to a steep slope at the faint end. This population, or more particularly the relative numbers of dwarfs to giants, appears to be very similar for clusters of similar morphology, but may va

Patrick Petitjean, Jean Surdej, Alain Smette, Peter Shaver

The spatial distribution of the Ly$α$ forest is studied using new HST data for the quasar pair Q~1026--0045 A and B at $z_{em}$ = 1.438 and 1.520 respectively. The angular separation is 36 arcsec and corresponds to transverse linear separations between lines of sight of $\sim300h^{-1}_{50}$ kpc ($q_{o}$ = 0.5) over the redshift range 0.833 < z < 1.438. From

M. Orlandini, D. Dal Fiume, F. Frontera, S. Del Sordo

We report on an observation of the low-mass X-ray binary 4U1626-67 performed during the BeppoSAX Science Verification Phase. An absorption feature at ~37 keV, attributable to electron cyclotron resonance, has been discovered in its pulse averaged spectrum. The inferred neutron star magnetic field strength is 3.2 (1+z) x 10E12 G, where z is the gravitational

N. Cardiel, J. Gorgas, A. Aragon-Salamanca

We have obtained radial gradients in the spectral features D4000 and Mg2 for a sample of 11 central cluster galaxies (CCGs). The new data strongly confirm the correlations between line-strength indices and the cooling flow phenomenon found in our earlier study. We find that such correlations depend on the presence and characteristics of emission lines in the

J. Gorosabel, A. J. Castro-Tirado, S. Brandt, N. Lund

This study is the first known attempt to search for gamma-ray burst repeaters combining data from gamma-ray experiments flying on board different satellites and making use of information derived from the bursts detected simultaneously by all the experiments. The proposed method is suitable to correlate GRB data provided by experiments that overlap partially

Bhuvnesh Jain, Uros Seljak, Simon White

We use numerical simulations of ray tracing through N-body simulations to investigate weak lensing by large-scale structure. These are needed for testing the analytic predictions of two-point correlators, to set error estimates on them and to investigate nonlinear gravitational effects in the weak lensing maps. On scales larger than 1 degree gaussian statist

C. Steidel, K. Adelberger, M. Giavalisco, M. Dickinson

We summarize the status of a ``targeted&#39;&#39; redshift survey aimed at establishing the properties of galaxies and their large scale distribution in the redshift range 2.5 < z < 3.5. At the time of this writing, we have obtained spectra of more than 400 galaxies in this redshift range, all identified using the ``Lyman break&#39;&#39; color-selection tech

K. Adelberger, C. Steidel, M. Giavalisco, M. Dickinson

We have measured the counts-in-cells fluctuations of 268 Lyman-break galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts in six 9 arcmin by 9 arcmin fields at z~3. The variance of galaxy counts in cubes of comoving side length 7.7, 11.9, 11.4 h^{-1} Mpc is σ_{gal}^2 ~ 1.3\pm0.4 for Ω_M=1, 0.2 open, 0.3 flat, implying a bias on these scales of σ_{gal} / σ_{mass} = 6.0\pm1.

N. Jackson, P. Helbig, I. W. A. Browne, C. D. Fassnacht

In a recent paper, Hawkins (1997) argues on the basis of statistical studies of double-image gravitational lenses and lens candidates that a large population of dark lenses exists and that these outnumber galaxies with more normal mass-to-light ratios by a factor of 3:1. If correct, this is a very important result for many areas of astronomy including galaxy

Armen Sedrakian

The phonon spectrum of Coulomb lattice in neutron star crusts above the neutron drip density is affected by the interaction with the ambient neutron Fermi-liquid. For the values of the neutron-phonon coupling constant in the range $0.1 \le λ\le 1$ an appreciable renormalization of the phonon spectrum occurs which can lead to a lattice instability manifested

Kevin E. Bassler, Maya Paczuski

We introduce a simple lattice model of superconducting vortices driven by repulsive interactions through a random pinning potential. The model describes the behavior at the scale of the London length lambda or larger. It self-organizes to a critical state, characterized by a constant flux density gradient, where the activity takes place in terms of avalanche