April 2007 arXiv papers — page 2

R Springell, S W Zochowski, R C C Ward, M R Wells

SQUID magnetometry and polarised neutron reflectivity measurements have been employed to characterise the magnetic properties of U/Fe, U/Co and U/Gd multilayers. The field dependence of the magnetisation was measured at 10K in magnetic fields from -70kOe to 70kOe. A temperature dependent study of the magnetisation evolution was undertaken for a selection of

Sheng Yang, Jean-Claude Belfiore

In this two-part paper, we consider the multiantenna multihop relay channels in which the source signal arrives at the destination through N independent relaying hops in series. The main concern of this work is to design relaying strategies that utilize efficiently the relays in such a way that the diversity is maximized. In part I, we focus on the amplify-a

A. Czarnecki, W. J. Marciano, A. Sirlin

Electroweak radiative corrections to muon capture on nuclei are computed and found to be sizable. They enhance the capture rates for hydrogen and helium by 2.8% and 3.0% respectively. As a result, the value of the induced pseudoscalar coupling, g_P^exp, extracted from a recent hydrogen 1S singlet capture experiment is increased by about 21% to g_P^exp = 7.3

A. Fleszar, M. Potthoff, W. Hanke

Using the local spin-density approximation (LSDA) and the (non self-consistent) GW approach, the (quasi-particle) band structure is calculated for MnTe in zinc-blende geometry. Different parameters characterizing the electronic structure are computed for an antiferromagnetic and the ferromagnetic phase and compared with the experiment. The strong Hubbard-typ

Gary R. Goldstein

Dick Dalitz produced lasting contributions to particle physics for 50 years. Along with Dalitz pairs, Dalitz plots and CDD poles, he did major work in parity violation, hyperon resonance identification, the quark model, and hypernuclei. These topics will be summarized, with some emphasis on the author's collaboration with Dalitz on quark spin and fragmen

S. T. Perez-Merchancano, G. E. Marques, L. E. Bolivar-Marinez

The PTCDA (3,4,9,10-Perylene-tetracarboxylic dianhydride) and the NTCDA (1,4,5,8-Naphtalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride) are aromatic, stable, planar and highly symmetric with unusual electrical properties. The PTCDA is a semiconductor organic crystalline of particular interest due to its excellent properties and electronic potential that are used in optoelec

F. Martinez-Vidal

We report on the measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angle gamma through a Dalitz analysis of neutral D decays to K0s pi- pi+ in the processes B-+ -> D^(*) K-+ and B-+ -> D K^*-+, D^* -> D pi0, D gamma, with the Babar detector at the SLAC PEP-II e^+ e^- asymmetric-energy collider.

Andreas Mueller, Bernd Aschenbach

It has been recently demonstrated that the orbital velocity profile around Kerr black holes in the equatorial plane as observed in the locally non-rotating frame exhibits a non-monotonic radial behaviour. We show here that this unexpected minimum-maximum feature of the orbital velocity remains if the Kerr vacuum is generalized to the Kerr-de Sitter or Kerr-a

J. Craig Wheeler, Justyn R. Maund, Shizuka Akiyama

All core collapse supernovae are strongly aspherical. The "Bochum event," with velocity components displaced symmetrically about the principal H$α$ line, strongly suggests that SN 1987A was a bi-polar rather than a uni-polar explosion. While there is a general tendency to display a single prominant axis in images and spectropolarimetry, there is also

Sergei V. Kalinin, Brian J. Rodriguez, Stephen Jesse, Katyayani Seal

Electromechanical coupling is ubiquitous in biological systems with examples ranging from simple piezoelectricity in calcified and connective tissues to voltage-gated ion channels, energy storage in mitochondria, and electromechanical activity in cardiac myocytes and outer hair cell stereocilia. Piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) has originally emerged as

G. J. D. Petrie, J. W. S. Blokland, R. Keppens

We present numerical magnetohydrostatic solutions describing the gravitationally stratified, bulk equilibrium of cool, dense prominence plasma embedded in a near-potential coronal field. These solutions are calculated using the FINESSE magnetohydrodynamics equilibrium solver and describe the morphologies of magnetic field distributions in and around prominen

P. Sjolund, S. J. H. Petra, C. M. Dion, H. Hagman

We present here a detailed study of the behaviour of a three dimensional Brownian motor based on cold atoms in a double optical lattice [P. Sjolund et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 190602 (2006)]. This includes both experiments and numerical simulations of a Brownian particle. The potentials used are spatially and temporally symmetric, but combined spatiotempora

Nigel P. Byott, G. Griffith Elder

Ramification invariants are necessary, but not in general sufficient, to determine the Galois module structure of ideals in local number field extensions. This insufficiency is associated with elementary abelian extensions, where one can define a refined ramification filtration -- one with more ramification breaks [JNTB 17 (2005)]. The first refined break nu

Biqin Huang, Lai Zhao, Douwe J. Monsma, Ian Appelbaum

Efficient injection of spin-polarized electrons into the conduction band of silicon is limited by the formation of a silicide at the ferromagnetic metal (FM)/silicon interface. In the present work, this "magnetically-dead" silicide (where strong spin-scattering significantly reduces injected spin polarization) is eliminated by moving the FM in the sp

Alexey K. Mazur

The probability distributions for bending angles in double helical DNA obtained in all-atom molecular dynamics simulations are compared with theoretical predictions. The computed distributions remarkably agree with the worm-like chain theory for double helices of one helical turn and longer, and qualitatively differ from predictions of the semi-elastic chain

R Springell, S W Zochowski, R C C Ward, M R Wells

This paper addresses the structural characterisation of a series of U/Fe, U/Co and U/Gd multilayers. X-ray reflectivity has been employed to investigate the layer thickness and roughness parameters along the growth direction and high-angle diffraction measurements have been used to determine the crystal structure and orientation of the layers. For the case o

Bjørn Ian Dundas, Harald Øyen Kittang

We extend Geisser and Hesselholt's result on ``bi-relative K-theory'' from discrete rings to connective ring spectra. That is, if $\mathcal A$ is a homotopy cartesian $n$-cube of ring spectra (satisfying connectivity hypotheses), then the $(n+1)$-cube induced by the cyclotomic trace $$K(\mathcal A)\to TC(\mathcal A)$$ is homotopy cartesian after

Jean-Baptiste Masson, Guilhem Gallot

Interaction between metal surface waves and periodic geometry of subwavelength structures is at the core of the recent but crucial renewal of interest in plasmonics. One of the most intriguing points is the observation of abnormal strong transmission through these periodic structures, which can exceed by orders of magnitude the classical transmission given b

L. Fuhrmann, J. A. Zensus, T. P. Krichbaum, E. Angelakis

The Large Area Telescope (LAT) instrument onboard GLAST offers a tremendous opportunity for future blazar studies. In order to fully benefit from its capabilities and to maximize the scientific return from the LAT, it is of great importance to conduct dedicated multi-frequency monitoring campaigns that will result comprehensive observations. Consequently, we

Jan Olzem

This thesis discusses the search for supersymmetry at the future Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and the ongoing construction of one of the four large LHC experiments, the Compact Muon Solenoid (CMS), and focuses on the detection of signals from the annihilation of supersymmetric dark matter in the spectra of cosmic rays. Measurements of cosmic ray antiparticles

A. Cavaliere, N. Menci

By their star content, the galaxies split out into a red and a blue population; their color index peaked around u-r=2.5 or u-r=1, respectively, quantifies the ratio of the blue stars newly formed from cold galactic gas, to the redder ones left over by past generations. On the other hand, upon accreting substantial gas amounts the central massive black holes

H. W. Braden, V. Z. Enolski

We develop the Ercolani-Sinha construction of SU(2) monopoles and make this effective for (a five parameter family of centred) charge 3 monopoles. In particular we show how to solve the transcendental constraints arising on the spectral curve. For a class of symmetric curves the transcendental constraints become a number theoretic problem and a recently prov

K. J. Resch, P. Puvanathasan, J. S. Lundeen, M. W. Mitchell

Even-order dispersion cancellation, an effect previously identified with frequency-entangled photons, is demonstrated experimentally for the first time with a linear, classical interferometer. A combination of a broad bandwidth laser and a high resolution spectrometer was used to measure the intensity correlations between anti-correlated optical frequencies.

Athanasios Batakis, Benoit Testud

We are interested to the multifractal analysis of inhomogeneous Bernoulli products which are also known as coin tossing measures. We give conditions ensuring the validity of the multifractal formalism for such measures. On another hand, we show that these measures can have a dense set of phase transitions.

Sascha Bornhauser, Manuel Drees

``Top--down'' models explain the observation of ultra high energy cosmic rays (UHECR; $E \gsim 5 \cdot 10^{19}$ eV) through the decay of very massive, long--lived ``$X$ particles''. If superparticles with masses near a TeV exist, $X$ decays also lead to a significant flux of very energetic neutralinos, assumed to be the (stable or long--lived

Stijn Bruers

In the last few decades, some hypotheses for entropy production (EP) principles have been forwarded as possible candidates for organizational principles in non-linear non- equilibrium systems. Two important hypotheses will be studied: the maximum entropy production (MaxEP) principle that claims that the selected steady state has the highest EP, and the gradi

O. Esquivel, B. Fuchs

We present a rigorous calculation of the dynamical friction force exerted on a spherical massive perturber moving through an infinite homogenous system of field stars. By calculating the shape and mass of the polarization cloud induced by the perturber in the background system, which decelerates the motion of the perturber, we recover Chandrasekhar's dra

J. Bonn, K. Eitel, F. Glück, D. Sevilla-Sanchez

The aim of the KArlsruhe TRItium Neutrino experiment KATRIN is the determination of the absolute neutrino mass scale down to 0.2 eV, with essentially smaller model dependence than from cosmology and neutrinoless double beta decay. For this purpose, the integral electron energy spectrum is measured close to the endpoint of molecular tritium beta decay. The en

Hideki Maekawa, Kohsuke Tsubakihara, Hiroshi Matsumiya, Akira Ohnishi

We predict cascade hypernuclear production spectra expected in the forthcoming J-PARC experiment. In the Green's function method of the distorted wave impulse wave approximation with the local optimal Fermi averaging t-matrix, we can describe the Xi production spectra in the continuum and bound state region reasonably well. Predictions to the high resonl

Biqin Huang, Douwe J. Monsma, Ian Appelbaum

A hybrid ferromagnet/semiconductor device is used to determine a lower bound on the spin lifetime for conduction electrons in silicon. We use spin precession to self-consistently measure the drift velocity vs. drift field of spin-polarized electrons and use this electronic control to change the transit time between electron injection and detection. A measure

P. Roy Chowdhury, D. N. Basu, C. Samanta

Theoretical estimates of $α$-decay half lives of several nuclei in the decay from element 113 are presented. Calculations in a WKB framework using DDM3Y interaction and experimental Q-values are in good agreement with the experimental data. Half life calculations are found to be quite sensitive to the Q-values and angular momenta transfers. Calculated decay

P. M. W. Kalberla, L. Dedes, J. Kerp, U. Haud

Context. Gas within a galaxy is forced to establish pressure balance against gravitational forces. The shape of an unperturbed gaseous disk can be used to constrain dark matter models. Aims. We derive the 3-D HI volume density distribution for the Milky Way out to a galactocentric radius of 40 kpc and a height of 20 kpc to constrain the Galactic mass distrib

B. M. Barbashov, L. A. Glinka, V. N. Pervushin, A. F. Zakharov

The formulation of the Higgs effect is studied in the Glashow--Weinberg--Salam Standard Model, where the constant part of the Higgs potential is identified with the zeroth mode of the Higgs field. In this model, the Coleman--Weinberg effective potential obtained from the vacuum--vacuum transition amplitude is equal to unity at the extremum. This extremum imm

Prabuddha Sanyal, Subhra Sen Gupta, Nandan Pakhira, H. R. Krishnamurthy

A recent, major, puzzle in the core-level photoemission spectra of doped manganites is the observation of a 1-2 eV wide shoulder with intensity varying with temperature T as the square of the magnetization over a T scale of order 200K, an order of magnitude less than electronic energies. This is addressed and resolved here, by extending a recently proposed t

Nicolas Fournier

We consider a one-dimensional jumping Markov process $\{X^x_t\}_{t \geq 0}$, solving a Poisson-driven stochastic differential equation. We prove that the law of $X^x_t$ admits a smooth density for $t>0$, under some regularity and non-degeneracy assumptions on the coefficients of the S.D.E. To our knowledge, our result is the first one including the important

Li Ma, Lin Zhao

In this paper, we establish two new types of invariant sets for the coupled nonlinear Schrodinger system on $\mathbb{R}^n$, and derive two sharp thresholds of blow-up and global existence for its solution. Some analogous results for the nonlinear Schrodinger system posed on the hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^n$ and on the standard 2-sphere $\mathbb{S}^2$ are a

Andria Rogava, Grigol Gogoberidze, Stefaan Poedts

The dynamics of linear perturbations is studied in magnetized plasma shear flows with a constant shearing rate and with gravity-induced stratification. The general set of linearized equations is derived and the two-dimensional case is considered in detail. The Boussinesq approximation is used in order to examine relatively small-scale perturbations of low-fr

M. V. Garzelli

Nucleon-ion and ion-ion collisions at non relativistic bombarding energies can be described by means of Monte Carlo approaches, such as those based on the Quantum Molecular Dynamics (QMD) model. We have developed a QMD code, to simulate the fast stage of heavy-ion reactions, and we have coupled it to the de-excitation module available in the FLUKA Monte Carl

Andrea Borch, Rainer Spurzem, Jarrod Hurley

N-body simulations give us a rough idea of how the shape of a simulated object appears in three-dimensional space. From an observational point of view this may give us a misleading picture. The faint stars may be the most common stars in the system but the morphological information obtained by observations of an object may be dominated by the color propertie

C. R. E. Raja

Let $K$ be a compact metrizable group and $\Ga$ be a group of automorphisms of $K$. We first show that each $\ap \in \Ga$ is distal on $K$ implies $\Ga$ itself is distal on $K$, a local to global correspondence provided $\Ga$ is a generalized $\ov{FC}$-group or $K$ is a connected finite-dimensional group. We show that $\Ga$ contains an ergodic automorphism w

P. d'Avezac, G. Dubus, B. Giebels

High-energy gamma-rays propagating in the intergalactic medium can interact with background infrared photons to produce e+e- pairs, resulting in the absorption of the intrinsic gamma-ray spectrum. TeV observations of the distant blazar 1ES 1101-232 were thus recently used to put an upper limit on the infrared extragalactic background light density. The creat

M. E. Sharina, Th. H. Puzia, A. S. Krylatyh

We present spectroscopic observations of a massive globular cluster in the dwarf irregular galaxy Sextans B, discovered by us on Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field and Planetary Camera 2 (HST WFPC2) images. Long-slit spectra were obtained with the SCORPIO spectrograph on the the 6-m telescope at the Special Astrophysical observatory of the Russian Academy of

Lucas Lamata

This Thesis is devoted to the analysis of entanglement in relevant physical systems. Entanglement is the conducting theme of this research, though I do not dedicate to a single topic, but consider a wide scope of physical situations. I have followed mainly three lines of research for this Thesis, with a series of different works each, which are, Entanglement

Christian Gagné, Michèle Sebag, Marc Schoenauer, Marco Tomassini

Evolutionary Learning proceeds by evolving a population of classifiers, from which it generally returns (with some notable exceptions) the single best-of-run classifier as final result. In the meanwhile, Ensemble Learning, one of the most efficient approaches in supervised Machine Learning for the last decade, proceeds by building a population of diverse cla

Koji Chinen

In 1999, Iwan Duursma defined the zeta function for a linear code as a generating function of its Hamming weight enumerator. It can also be defined for other homogeneous polynomials not corresponding to existing codes. If the homogeneous polynomial is invariant under the MacWilliams transform, then its zeta function satisfies a functional equation and we can

Alexander Gnedin, Yuri Yakubovich

We examine the total number of collisions $C_n$ in the $Λ$-coalescent process which starts with $n$ particles. A linear growth and a stable limit law for $C_n$ are shown under the assumption of a power-like behaviour of the measure $Λ$ near 0 with exponent $0<α<1$.

Stefan Krömer

Nonconvex functionals with spherical symmetry are studied. Existence of one and radial symmetry of all global minimizers is shown with an approach based on convex relaxation.

James De Buizer

The near infrared (1-2um) and the thermal infrared (3-25um) trace many of the environments in which masers are thought to reside, including shocks, outflows, accretion disks, and the dense medium near protostars. After a number of recent surveys it has been found that there is a higher detection rate of mid-IR emission towards masers than cm radio continuum

Gamal G. L. Nashed, Takeshi Shirafuji

We give two classes of spherically symmetric exact solutions of the couple gravitational and electromagnetic fields with charged source in the tetrad theory of gravitation. The first solution depends on an arbitrary function $H({R},t)$. The second solution depends on a constant parameter $η$. These solutions reproduce the same metric, i.e., the Reissner--Nor

J. M. S. Orr, P. D. Buckle, M. Fearn, C. J. Storey

Single electron charging effects in a surface-gated InSb/AlInSb QW structure are reported. This material, due to its large g-factor and light effective mass, offers considerable advantages over more commonly used materials, such as GaAs, for quantum information processing devices. However, differences in material and device technology result in significant p

W. Wang, M. J. Harris, R. Diehl, H. Halloin

Gamma-ray line emission from radioactive decay of 60Fe provides constraints on nucleosynthesis in massive stars and supernovae. The spectrometer SPI on board INTEGRAL has accumulated nearly three years of data on gamma-ray emission from the Galactic plane. We have analyzed these data with suitable instrumental-background models and sky distributions to produ

Hong-Van Le, Martin Panak, Jiri Vanzura

In this note we give a direct method to classify all stable forms on $\R^n$ as well as to determine their automorphism groups. We show that in dimension 6,7,8 stable forms coincide with non-degnerate forms. We present necessary conditions and sufficient conditions for a manifold to admit a stable form. We also discuss rich properties of the geometry of such

I. Fouxon, P. Horvai

We study motion of small particles in turbulence when the particle relaxation time falls in the range of inertial time-scales of the flow. Due to inertia, particles drift relative to the fluid. We show that the drift velocity is close to the Lagrangian velocity increments of turbulence at the particle relaxation time. We demonstrate that the collective drift

L. DiCarlo, Yiming Zhang, D. T. McClure, D. J. Reilly

We present measurements of current noise in quantum point contacts as a function of source-drain bias, gate voltage, and in-plane magnetic field. At zero bias, Johnson noise provides a measure of the electron temperature. At finite bias, shot noise at zero field exhibits an asymmetry related to the 0.7 structure in conductance. The asymmetry in noise evolves

T. Klose, T. McLoughlin, J. A. Minahan, K. Zarembo

We study the AdS_5 x S^5 sigma-model truncated to the near-flat-space limit to two-loops in perturbation theory. In addition to extending previously known one-loop results to the full SU(2|2)^2 S-matrix we calculate the two-loop correction to the dispersion relation and then compute the complete two-loop S-matrix. The result of the perturbative calculation c

Rodolfo M. Pussente, Valmir C. Barbosa

We introduce a distributed algorithm for clock synchronization in sensor networks. Our algorithm assumes that nodes in the network only know their immediate neighborhoods and an upper bound on the network&#39;s diameter. Clock-synchronization messages are only sent as part of the communication, assumed reasonably frequent, that already takes place among node

Jean-Michel Caillol, Federica Lo Verso, Elisabeth Scholl-Paschinger, Jean-Jacques Weis

Two liquid state theories, the self-consistent Ornstein-Zernike equation (SCOZA) and the hierarchical reference theory (HRT) are shown, by comparison with Monte Carlo simulations, to perform extremely well in predicting the liquid-vapour coexistence of the hard core Yukawa (HCY) fluid when the interaction is long range. The long range of the potential is tre

F. Rahaman, K. Maity, P. Ghosh, K. Gayen

We present a five dimensional global monopole within the framework of Lyra geometry. Also the gravitational field of the monopole solution has been considered.

I. I. Guseinov, B. A. Mamedov

In this study, using the analytical and recurrence relations suggested by the authors in previous works, the new efficient and reliable program procedure for the overlap integrals over Slater type orbitals (STOs) is presented. The proposed procedure guarantees a highly accurate evaluation of the overlap integrals with arbitrary values of quantum numbers, scr

U. D. Bekbaev, I. S. Rakhimov

The paper is devoted to classification problem of finite dimensional complex none Lie filiform Leibniz algebras. Actually, the observations show there are two resources to get classification of filiform Leibniz algebras. The first of them is naturally graded none Lie filiform Leibniz algebras and the another one is naturally graded filiform Lie algebras. Usi

H. Bruntt, D. Stello, J. C. Suarez, T. Arentoft

We have made an asteroseismic analysis of the variable blue stragglers in the open cluster M67. The data set consists of photometric time series from eight sites using nine 0.6-2.1 meter telescopes with a time baseline of 43 days. In two stars, EW Cnc and EX Cnc, we detect the highest number of frequencies (41 and 26) detected in delta Scuti stars belonging

P. F. Lazorenko, M. Mayor, M. Dominik, F. Pepe

We investigate the accuracy of astrometric measurements with the VLT/FORS1 camera and consider potential applications. The study is based on two-epoch (2000 and 2002/2003) frame series of observations of a selected Galactic Bulge sky region that were obtained with FORS1 during four consecutive nights each. Reductions were carried out with a novel technique t

Farhad Meshkati, Dongning Guo, H. Vincent Poor, Stuart C. Schwartz

A unified approach to energy-efficient power control is proposed for code-division multiple access (CDMA) networks. The approach is applicable to a large family of multiuser receivers including the matched filter, the decorrelator, the linear minimum mean-square error (MMSE) receiver, and the (nonlinear) optimal detectors. It exploits the linear relationship

Farhad Meshkati, H. Vincent Poor, Stuart C. Schwartz, Radu V. Balan

A game-theoretic model is proposed to study the cross-layer problem of joint power and rate control with quality of service (QoS) constraints in multiple-access networks. In the proposed game, each user seeks to choose its transmit power and rate in a distributed manner in order to maximize its own utility while satisfying its QoS requirements. The user&#39;

Thorsten Renk

Hard processes leading to high transverse momentum hadron production are calculable in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (pQCD) for proton-proton collisions. In heavy-ion collisions, such processes occur as well, and due to a separation of scales are calculable on the level of the production of high p_T partons. These subsequently interact with the medium

Farhad Meshkati, Andrea J. Goldsmith, H. Vincent Poor, Stuart C. Schwartz

A game-theoretic framework is used to study the effect of constellation size on the energy efficiency of wireless networks for M-QAM modulation. A non-cooperative game is proposed in which each user seeks to choose its transmit power (and possibly transmit symbol rate) as well as the constellation size in order to maximize its own utility while satisfying it

Ievgen Bondarenko, Rostislav Grigorchuk, Rostyslav Kravchenko, Yevgen Muntyan

Classification of groups generated by 3-state automata over a 2-letter alphabet started in the first paper (see http://www.arxiv.org/abs/math/0612178) is continued.

Anthony M. Bloch, Melvin Leok, Jerrold E. Marsden, Dmitry V. Zenkov

Controlled Lagrangian and matching techniques are developed for the stabilization of relative equilibria and equilibria of discrete mechanical systems with symmetry as well as broken symmetry. Interesting new phenomena arise in the controlled Lagrangian approach in the discrete context that are not present in the continuous theory. In particular, to make the

Takashi Hotta

We discuss Kondo behavior of a conduction electron system coupled with local optical phonon by analyzing the Anderson-Holstein model with the use of a numerical renormalization group (NRG) method. There appear three typical regions due to the balance between Coulomb interaction $U_{\rm ee}$ and phonon-mediated attraction $U_{\rm ph}$. For $U_{\rm ee}>U_{\rm

Victor H. Moll

We describe methods to evaluate elementary logarithmic integrals. The integrand is the product of a rational function and a linear polynomial in ln x.

Sergiu Klainerman, Igor Rodnianski

We provide $L^1$ estimates for a class of transport equations containing singular integral operators. While our main application is for a specific problem in General Relativity we believe that the phenomenon which our result illustrates is of a more general interest.

Yoshihiro Nishiyama

Multicriticality of the gonihedric model in 2+1 dimensions is investigated numerically. The gonihedric model is a fully frustrated Ising magnet with the finely tuned plaquette-type (four-body and plaquette-diagonal) interactions, which cancel out the domain-wall surface tension. Because the quantum-mechanical fluctuation along the imaginary-time direction is

Vasiliy Kantsler, Enrico Segre, Victor Steinberg

We present experimental results on the relaxation dynamics of vesicles subjected to a time-dependent elongation flow. We observed and characterized a new instability, which results in the formation of higher order modes of the vesicle shape (wrinkles), after a switch in the direction of the gradient of the velocity. This surprising generation of membrane wri

Pasha Zusmanovich

We show that finite-dimensional Lie algebras over a field of characteristic zero such that the second cohomology group in every finite-dimensional module vanishes, are, essentially, semisimple.

Marco Barbieri

Bose-Einstein coalescence of independent photons at the surface of a beam splitter is the physical process that allows linear optical quantum gates to be built. When distinct parametric down-conversion events are used as an independent photon source, distinguishability arises form the energy correlation of each photon with its twin. We find that increasing t

Tetsufumi Tanamoto, Yoshifumi Nishi

We theoretically study the Fano-Kondo effect in a triple quantum dot (QD) system where two QDs constitute a two-level system and the other QD works in a detector with electrodes. We found that the Fano dip is clearly modulated by strongly coupled QDs in a two-level system and a slow detector with no interacting QD. This setup suggests a new method of reading

Yun-Su Kim

We provide the definition and fundamental properties of algebraic elements with respect to an operator satisfying hypothesis (h). Furthermore, we analyze Hilbert modules using C_0-operators relative to a bounded finitely connected region Omega in the complex plane.

Jennifer Kreft, Matthias Schroeter, Jack B. Swift, Harry L. Swinney

Molecular dynamics simulations are used to study fluidization of a vertically vibrated, three-dimensional shallow granular layer. As the container acceleration is increased above g, the granular temperature and root mean square particle displacement increase, gradually fluidizing the layer. For nearly elastic particles, or low shaking frequencies, or small l

Alexei G. Kritsuk, Michael L. Norman, Paolo Padoan, Rick Wagner

We present results of large-scale three-dimensional simulations of supersonic Euler turbulence with the piecewise parabolic method and multiple grid resolutions up to 2048^3 points. Our numerical experiments describe non-magnetized driven turbulent flows with an isothermal equation of state and an rms Mach number of 6. We discuss numerical resolution issues

Indira Chatterji, Cornelia Drutu, Frederic Haglund

We prove the existence of a close connection between spaces with measured walls and median metric spaces. We then relate properties (T) and Haagerup (a-T-menability) to actions on median spaces and on spaces with measured walls. This allows us to explore the relationship between the classical properties (T) and Haagerup and their versions using affine isomet

Boyko Mihov, Lyuba Slavcheva-Mihova

We present preliminary results of the Johnson-Cousins (U)BVRI surface brightness profile decompositions of the Seyfert galaxies Mrk 79 and NGC 5548. The profiles were modelled as a sum of a Gaussian law for the nucleus, a Sersic law for the bulge and an exponent law for the disk. A flat bar was added to the model profile of Mrk 79. The parameters and the tot

Wei Chao, Shu Luo, Zhi-zhong Xing

We propose two Type-II seesaw scenarios for the neutrino mass matrix in the left-right symmetric model, in which the Higgs triplet Yukawa coupling matrix takes the appealing Friedberg-Lee texture. We show that the nearly tri-bimaximal neutrino mixing pattern, which is especially favored by current neutrino oscillation data, can be obtained from both scenario

K. Y. Michael Wong, David Saad

Colouring sparse graphs under various restrictions is a theoretical problem of significant practical relevance. Here we consider the problem of maximizing the number of different colours available at the nodes and their neighbourhoods, given a predetermined number of colours. In the analytical framework of a tree approximation, carried out at both zero and f

P. Chang, A. Spitkovsky, J. Arons

We study the long term evolution of magnetic fields generated by a collisionless relativistic $e^+e^-$ shock which is initially unmagnetized. Our 2D particle-in-cell numerical simulations show that downstream of such a Weibel-mediated shock, particle distributions are close to isotropic, relativistic Maxwellians, and the magnetic turbulence is highly intermi

P. Chang, R. Murray-Clay, E. Chiang, E. Quataert

The triple nucleus of M31 consists of a population of old red stars in an eccentric disk (P1 and P2) and another population of younger A stars in a circular disk (P3) around M31&#39;s central supermassive black hole (SMBH). We argue that P1 and P2 determine the maximal radial extent of the younger A star population and provide the gas that fueled the starbur

Yue Yu

We construct an exactly soluble spin-$\frac{1}2$ model on a honeycomb lattice, which is a generalization of Kitaev model. The topological phases of the system are analyzed by study of the ground state sector of this model, the vortex-free states. Basically, there are two phases, A phase and B phase. The behaviors of both A and B phases may be studied by mapp

Mark Ya. Azbel

Significant fraction (98.5% in humans) of most animal genomes is non- coding dark matter. Its largely unknown function (1-5) is related to programming (rather than to spontaneous mutations) of accurate adaptation to rapidly changing environment. Programmed adaptation to the same universal law for non-competing animals from anaerobic yeast to human is reveale

Danny Calegari

A subset of a group is characteristic if it is invariant under every automorphism of the group. We study word length in fundamental groups of closed hyperbolic surfaces with respect to characteristic generating sets consisting of a finite union of orbits of the automorphism group, and show that the translation length of any element with nonzero crossing numb

Junren Shi, G. Vignale, Di Xiao, Qian Niu

Based on standard perturbation theory, we present a full quantum derivation of the formula for the orbital magnetization in periodic systems. The derivation is generally valid for insulators with or without a Chern number, for metals at zero or finite temperatures, and at weak as well as strong magnetic fields. The formula is shown to be valid in the presenc

Tshilidzi Marwala, Monica Lagazio, Thando Tettey

In this paper we develop a scientific approach to control inter-country conflict. This system makes use of a neural network and a feedback control approach. It was found that by controlling the four controllable inputs: Democracy, Dependency, Allies and Capability simultaneously, all the predicted dispute outcomes could be avoided. Furthermore, it was observ

J. Cao, J. L. Musfeldt, S. Mazumdar, N. Chernova

We measured the optical properties of mixed valent vanadium oxide nanoscrolls and their metal exchanged derivatives in order to investigate the charge dynamics in these compounds. In contrast to the prediction of a metallic state for the metal exchanged derivatives within a rigid band model, we find that the injected charges in Mn$^{2+}$ exchanged vanadium o

Gunnar Moller, Nigel R. Cooper

We study theoretically the low-temperature phases of a two-component atomic Fermi gas with attractive s-wave interactions under conditions of rapid rotation. We find that, in the extreme quantum limit, when all particles occupy the lowest Landau level, the normal state is unstable to the formation of &#34;charge&#34; density wave (CDW) order. At lower rotati

Catherine Tardin, Laurent Cognet, Cécile Bats, Brahim Lounis

Trafficking of AMPA receptors in and out of synapses is crucial for synaptic plasticity. Previous studies have focused on the role of endo/exocytosis processes or that of lateral diffusion of extra-synaptic receptors. We have now directly imaged AMPAR movements inside and outside synapses of live neurons using single-molecule fluorescence microscopy. Inside

Stéphane Berciaud, Laurent Cognet, Gerhard A Blab, Brahim Lounis

We introduce a new, highly sensitive, and simple heterodyne optical method for imaging individual nonfluorescent nanoclusters and nanocrystals. A 2 order of magnitude improvement of the signal is achieved compared to previous methods. This allows for the unprecedented detection of individual small absorptive objects such as metallic clusters (of 67 atoms) or

A. Skopal

We investigate the effect on the U, B, V, Rc and Rj magnitudes of the removal of emission lines from a spectrum. We determined &#34;Dm&#34; corrections from the ratio of fluxes with and without emission lines, transmitted from the object through the photometric filter. An exact and a simplified approach for operative use were applied. The effect was demonstr

Piet H M Lommerse, Gerhard A Blab, Laurent Cognet, Gregory S Harms

In the last decade evidence has accumulated that small domains of 50-700 nm in diameter are located in the exoplasmic leaflet of the plasma membrane. Most of these domains supposedly consist of specific sets of lipids and proteins, and are believed to coordinate signal transduction cascades. Whether similar domains are also present in the cytoplasmic leaflet

Laurent Cognet, Laurent Groc, Brahim Lounis, Daniel Choquet

Trafficking of glutamate receptors into and out of synapses is critically involved in the plasticity of excitatory synaptic transmission. Endocytosis and exocytosis of receptors have initially been thought to account alone for this trafficking. However, membrane proteins also traffic through surface lateral diffusion in the plasma membrane. We describe devel

Laurent Cognet, Françoise Coussen, Daniel Choquet, Brahim Lounis

In this paper we review the applicability of autofluorescent proteins for single-molecule imaging in biology. The photophysical characteristics of several mutants of the Green Fluorescent Protein (GFP) and those of DsRed are compared and critically discussed for their use in cellular biology. The alternative use of two-photon excitation at the single-molecul

V. V. Bavula

Surprisingly, skew derivations rather than ordinary derivations are more basic (important) object in study of the Grassmann algebras. Let $Ł_n = K\lfloor x_1, ..., x_n\rfloor$ be the Grassmann algebra over a commutative ring $K$ with ${1/2}\in K$, and $\d$ be a skew $K$-derivation of $Ł_n$. It is proved that $\d$ is a unique sum $\d = \d^{ev} +\d^{od}$ of an

D. Stauffer

For Encyclopedia of Complexist and System Science No abstract given I. Definition and Introduction II. Ising Model III. Fractals IV. Diffusion on Fractals V. Ising Model on Fractals VI. Other Subjects ? VII. Networks VIII. Future Directions