January 2010 arXiv papers — page 55

Huai-yang Cui

When an electron probes another elementary particle Q, the wave function of the electron can be separated into two independent parts, the first part represents the electronic motion, the second part represents the electromagnetic field mode around the particle Q. In analogy with optical modes $TEM_{nlm}$ for a laser resonator, when the electromagnetic field

Tian De Cao

To stress the effect of the pairing position deviating from the Fermi level, we must investigate the pairs in the wave vector space, and then we use the dynamic equation to study some correlation functions. This article shows that the Fermi pocket is related to the effect of free electron states on the ARPES experiment. This also leads us to understand why t

Jaegil Kim, Shlomo Reisner

It is proved that the simplex is a strict local minimum for the volume product, P(K)=min(vol(K) vol(K^z)), K^z is the polar body of K with respect to z, the minimum is taken over z in the interior of K, in the Banach-Mazur space of n-dimensional (classes of ) convex bodies. Linear local stability in the neighborhood of the simplex is proved as well. The proo

Hideo Hasegawa

We have discussed the Tsallis entropy in finite $N$-unit nonextensive systems, by using the multivariate $q$-Gaussian probability distribution functions (PDFs) derived by the maximum entropy methods with the normal average and the $q$-average ($q$: the entropic index). The Tsallis entropy obtained by the $q$-average has an exponential $N$ dependence: $S_q^{(

Jason Behrstock, Walter D Neumann

We describe the quasi-isometric classification of fundamental groups of irreducible non-geometric 3-manifolds which do not have "too many" arithmetic hyperbolic geometric components, thus completing the quasi-isometric classification of 3--manifold groups in all but a few exceptional cases.

Hessam Mahdavifar, Alexander Vardy

Suppose Alice wishes to send messages to Bob through a communication channel C_1, but her transmissions also reach an eavesdropper Eve through another channel C_2. The goal is to design a coding scheme that makes it possible for Alice to communicate both reliably and securely. Reliability is measured in terms of Bob's probability of error in recovering t

Alexander Brown, Eleanor Dannenberg, Jennifer Fox, Joshua Hanna

We consider a generalization of the Frobenius Problem where the object of interest is the greatest integer which has exactly $j$ representations by a collection of positive relatively prime integers. We prove an analogue of a theorem of Brauer and Shockley and show how it can be used for computation.

Li Ma, Wei Sun

Suppose $X$ is a right process which is associated with a non-symmetric Dirichlet form $(\mathcal{E},D(\mathcal{E}))$ on $L^{2}(E;m)$. For $u\in D(\mathcal{E})$, we have Fukushima's decomposition: $\tilde{u}(X_{t})-\tilde{u}(X_{0})=M^{u}_{t}+N^{u}_{t}$. In this paper, we investigate the strong continuity of the generalized Feynman-Kac semigroup defined b

Otakar Svitek

There are several fundamental differences between four-dimensional and higher-dimensional gravitational waves, namely in the so called braneworld set-up. One of them is their asymptotic behavior within the Cauchy problem. This study is connected with the so called Hadamard problem, which aims at the question of Huygens principle validity. We investigate the

Guillem Anglada-Escude, Evgenya L. Shkolnik, Alycia J. Weinberger, Ian B. Thompson

We present new radial velocity measurements of the ultra-cool dwarf VB 10, which was recently announced to host a giant planet detected with astrometry. The new observations were obtained using optical spectrographs(MIKE/Magellan and ESPaDOnS/CHFT) and cover a 63% of the reported period of 270 days. We apply Least-squares periodograms to identify the most si

Efstratia Kalfagianni

We study framed links in irreducible 3-manifolds that are $Z$-homology 3-spheres or atoroidal $Q$-homology 3-spheres. We calculate the dual of the Kauffman skein module over the ring of two variable power series with complex coefficients. For links in $S^3$ we give a new construction of the classical Kauffman polynomial.

Lun-Shin Yao

Discrete numerical methods with finite time-steps represent a practical technique to solve initial-value problems involving nonlinear differential equations. These methods seem particularly useful to the study of chaos since no analytical chaotic solution is currently available. Using the well-known Lorenz equations as an example, it is demonstrated that num

Stephen Pankavich

The one-dimensional Vlasov-Poisson system is considered and a particle method is developed to approximate solutions without compact support which tend to a fixed background of charge as $| x | \to \infty$. Such a system of equations can be used to model kinetic phenomena occurring in plasma physics, such as the solar wind. The particle method is constructed,

James Hartle, S. W. Hawking, Thomas Hertog

The no-boundary wave function (NBWF) specifies a measure for prediction in cosmology that selects inflationary histories and remains well behaved for spatially large or infinite universes. This paper explores the predictions of the NBWF for linear scalar fluctuations about homogeneous and isotropic backgrounds in models with a single scalar field moving in a

Andrew G. Cantrell, Charles D. Bailyn, Jerome A. Orosz, Jeffrey E. McClintock

We analyze photometry of the Soft X-ray Transient A0620-00 spanning nearly 30 years, including previously published and previously unpublished data. Previous attempts to determine the inclination of A0620 using subsets of these data have yielded a wide range of measured values of i. Differences in the measured value of i have been due to changes in the shape

Jon M. Jenkins, Douglas A. Caldwell, Hema Chandrasekaran, Joseph D. Twicken

The Kepler Mission Science Operations Center (SOC) performs several critical functions including managing the ~156,000 target stars, associated target tables, science data compression tables and parameters, as well as processing the raw photometric data downlinked from the spacecraft each month. The raw data are first calibrated at the pixel level to correct

Heinz H. Bauschke, Xianfu Wang, Liangjin Yao

The most important open problem in Monotone Operator Theory concerns the maximal monotonicity of the sum of two maximal monotone operators provided that Rockafellar's constraint qualification holds. In this note, we provide a new maximal monotonicity result for the sum of a maximal monotone relation and the subdifferential operator of a proper, lower sem

Jon M. Jenkins, Douglas A. Caldwell, Hema Chandrasekaran, Joseph D. Twicken

The Kepler Mission seeks to detect Earth-size planets transiting solar-like stars in its ~115 deg^2 field of view over the course of its 3.5 year primary mission by monitoring the brightness of each of ~156,000 Long Cadence stellar targets with a time resolution of 29.4 minutes. We discuss the photometric precision achieved on timescales relevant to transit

Luigi Brugnano, Cecilia Magherini

Among the methods for solving ODE-IVPs, the class of General Linear Methods (GLMs) is able to encompass most of them, ranging from Linear Multistep Formulae (LMF) to RK formulae. Moreover, it is possible to obtain methods able to overcome typical drawbacks of the previous classes of methods. For example, order barriers for stable LMF and the problem of order

John Ashmead

Wavelets offer significant advantages for the analysis of problems in quantum mechanics. Because wavelets are localized in both time and frequency they avoid certain subtle but potentially fatal conceptual errors that can result from the use of plane wave or delta function decomposition. Morlet wavelets are particularly well-suited for this work: as Gaussian

Zhong-Bo Kang, Feng Yuan

We study the dihadron azimuthal correlation produced nearly back-to-back in unpolarized hadron collisions, arising from the product of two Collins fragmentation functions. Using the latest Collins fragmentation functions extracted from the global analysis of available experimental data, we make predictions for the azimuthal correlation of two-pion production

Annalisa Cerquetti

We derive explicit Bayesian nonparametric analysis for a species sampling model with finitely many types of Gibbs form of type $α= -1$ recently introduced in Gnedin (2009). Our results complement existing analysis under Gibbs priors of type $α\in [0, 1)$ proposed in Lijoi et al. (2008). Calculations rely on a groups sequential construction of Gibbs partition

Sukhdev Roy, Mohit Prasad, Juraj Topolancik, Frank Vollmer

We present designs of all-optical computing circuits, namely, half-full adder/subtractor, de-multiplexer, multiplexer, and an arithmetic unit, based on bacteriorhodopsin (BR) protein coated microcavity switch in a tree architecture. The basic all-optical switch consists of an input infrared (IR) laser beam at 1310 nm in a single mode fiber (SMF-28) switched

Santanu K. Maiti

We investigate magnetic response in mesoscopic rings and moebius strips penetrated by magnetic flux $ϕ$. Based on a simple tight-binding framework all the calculations are performed numerically which describe persistent current and low-field magnetic susceptibility as functions of magnetic flux $ϕ$, total number of electrons $N_e$, system size $N$ and disord

Luke Cherveny

We study a generalization of Lian-Liu-Yau's notion of Euler data in genus zero and show that certain sequences of multiplicative equivariant characteristic classes on Kontsevich's stable map moduli with markings induce data satisfying the generalization. In the case of one or two markings, this data is explicitly identified in terms of hypergeometric

S. G. Rubin

A statistical mechanism is proposed for symmetrization of an extra space. The conditions and rate of attainment of a symmetric configuration and, as a consequence, the appearance of gauge invariance in low-energy physics is discussed. It is shown that, under some conditions, this situation occurs only after completion of the inflationary stage. The dependenc

Stephen J. Sangwine, Todd A. Ell, Nicolas Le Bihan

The fundamental properties of biquaternions (complexified quaternions) are presented including several different representations, some of them new, and definitions of fundamental operations such as the scalar and vector parts, conjugates, semi-norms, polar forms, and inner and outer products. The notation is consistent throughout, even between representation

M. Katsuragawa, R. Tanaka, H. Yokota, T. Matsuzawa

We demonstrate efficient generation of a Raman-type optical frequency comb by employing adiabatic Raman excitation in an enhancement cavity. A broad frequency comb spanning over 130 THz is realized with an excitation power reduction exceeding three orders of magnitude compared with a single-pass configuration.

Tarek Ibrahim, Pran Nath

It is shown that the electric dipole moment of the tau lepton several orders of magnitude larger than predicted by the standard model can be generated from mixings in models with vector like mutiplets. The EDM of the tau lepton arises from loops involving the exchange of the W, the charginos, the neutralinos, the sleptons, the mirror leptons, and the mirror

Yuriy A. Drozd, Ruslan V. Skuratovskii

We give an explicit description of cubic rings over a discrete valuation ring, as well as a description of all ideals of such rings.

V. A. Yurovsky, M. Olshanii

In this article, we study the thermalizability of a system consisting of two atoms in a circular, transversely harmonic waveguide in the multimode regime. While showing some signatures of the quantum-chaotic behavior, the system fails to reach a thermal equilibrium in a relaxation from an initial state, even when the interaction between the atoms is infinite

Toshiyuki Kobayashi

Small representations of a group bring us to large symmetries in a representation space. Analysis on minimal representations utilises large symmetries in their geometric models, and serves as a driving force in creating new interesting problems that interact with other branches of mathematics. This article discusses the following three topics that arise from

Yu. I. Manin

This note contains a solution to the following problem: reconstruct the definition field and the equation of a projective cubic surface, using only combinatorial information about the set of its rational points. This information is encoded in two relations: collinearity and coplanarity of certain subsets of points. We solve this problem, assuming mild ``gene

Shoichi Ichinose

Casimir energy is calculated for the 5D electromagnetism and 5D scalar theory in the {\it warped} geometry. It is compared with the flat case. A new regularization, called {\it sphere lattice regularization}, is taken. In the integration over the 5D space, we introduce two boundary curves (IR-surface and UV-surface) based on the {\it minimal area principle}.

Jiro Matsumoto, Shin'ichi Nojiri

We explicitly construct the k-essence models which reproduce the arbitrary FRW cosmology, that is, the arbitrary time-development of the scale factor or the Hubble rate. The k-essence model includes scalar quintessence model, tachyon dark energy model, ghost condensation model as special cases. Explicit formulas of the reconstruction are given. First we cons

Roberto Zucchini

A BV algebra is a formal framework within which the BV quantization algorithm is implemented. In addition to the gauge symmetry, encoded in the BV master equation, the master action often exhibits further global symmetries, which may be in turn gauged. We show how to carry this out in a BV algebraic set up. Depending on the nature of the global symmetry, the

Douglas A. Caldwell, Jeffery J. Kolodziejczak, Jeffrey E. Van Cleve, Jon M. Jenkins

The Kepler Mission relies on precise differential photometry to detect the 80 parts per million (ppm) signal from an Earth-Sun equivalent transit. Such precision requires superb instrument stability on time scales up to ~2 days and systematic error removal to better than 20 ppm. To this end, the spacecraft and photometer underwent 67 days of commissioning, w

D. A. Prokhorov, Joseph Silk

The standard model of particle physics assumes that neutrinos are massless, although adding non-zeros is required by the experimentally established phenomenon of neutrino oscillations requires neutrinos to have non-zero mass. Sterile neutrinos (or right-handed neutrinos) are a good warm dark matter candidate. We find that the excess of the intensity in the 8

Wei-Tou Ni

For testing gravity and detecting gravitational waves in space, deep-space laser ranging using drag-free spacecraft is a common method. Deep space provides a large arena and a long integration time. Laser technology provides measurement sensitivity, while drag-free technology ensures that gravitational phenomenon to be measured with least spurious noises. In

Debra Lewis

A purely state-dependent cost function can be modified by introducing a control-dependent term rewarding submaximal control utilization. A moderation incentive is identically zero on the boundary of the admissible control region and non-negative on the interior; it is bounded above by the infimum of the state-dependent cost function, so that the instantaneou

Lassaad Aloui, Slim Ibrahim, Kenji Nakanishi

We derive a uniform exponential decay of the total energy for the nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with a damping around spatial infinity in the whole space or in the exterior of a star shaped obstacle.

T. Hörmann, G. Brunthaler

In order to investigate the metallic state in high-mobility Si-MOS structures, we have further developed and precised the dipole trap model which was originally proposed by B.L. Altshuler and D.L. Maslov [Phys. Rev. Lett.\ 82, 145 (1999)]. Our additional numerical treatment enables us to drop several approximations and to introduce a limited spatial depth of

Alberto Carraminana, Luis Carrasco, Alicia Porras, Elsa Recillas

We established a sample of millimeter-wave and gamma-ray bright active galactic nuclei matching the WMAP catalog with the EGRET catalog, highest energy photons and the Fermi bright source list. We have monitored over 80 of these objects in the near infrared, obtaining over 2000 JHKs data points directly comparable with Fermi data. We present examples of corr

Jonathan Holland, George Sparling

We discuss contact invariant structures on the space of solutions of a third-order ordinary differential equation. Associated to any third-order differential equation modulo contact transformations, Chern introduced a degenerate conformal Lorentzian metric on the space of 2-jets of functions of one variable. When the Wuenschmann invariant vanishes, the degen

Charles Frohman

We motivate and then prove a generalized pythagorean theorem for parallelepipeds in Euclidean space.

Fuchang Gao, Wenbo V. Li, Jon A. Wellner

A bracketing metric entropy bound for the class of Laplace transforms of probability measures on [0,\infty) is obtained through its connection with the small deviation probability of a smooth Gaussian process. Our results for the particular smooth Gaussian process seem to be of independent interest.

Michael A. K. Gross, John J. Rasmussen, Elizabeth M. Moore

SOFIA is an airborne, gyroscopically stabilized 2.5m infrared telescope, mounted to a spherical bearing. Unlike its predecessors, SOFIA will work in absolute coordinates, despite its continually changing position and attitude. In order to manage this, SOFIA must relate equatorial and telescope coordinates using a combination of avionics data and star identif

Edward Walker

We describe our work in implementing a wide-area distributed file system for the NSF TeraGrid. The system, called XUFS, allows private distributed name spaces to be created for transparent access to personal files across over 9000 computer nodes. XUFS builds on many principles from prior distributed file systems research, but extends key design goals to supp