December 2013 arXiv papers — page 50

Igor Rivin

We introduce the first provably efficient algorithm to check if a finitely generated subgroup of an almost simple semi-simple group over the rationals is Zariski-dense. We reduce this question to one of computing Galois groups, and to this end we describe efficient algorithms to check if the Galois group of a polynomial $p$ with integer coefficients is "

Bret Underwood, Yunxiao Zhai

Inflation in the early Universe can be followed by a brief period of preheating, resulting in rapid and non-equilibrium particle production through the dynamics of parametric resonance. However, the parametric resonance effect is very sensitive to the linearity of the reheating sector. Additional self-interactions in the reheating sector, such as non-canonic

Ciprian Chelba, Tomas Mikolov, Mike Schuster, Qi Ge

We propose a new benchmark corpus to be used for measuring progress in statistical language modeling. With almost one billion words of training data, we hope this benchmark will be useful to quickly evaluate novel language modeling techniques, and to compare their contribution when combined with other advanced techniques. We show performance of several well-

Silvia Carolina Mora, Marita Krause

In order to clarify whether NGC 4631 has a unique magnetic field configuration in the central region along its disk, we present high-resolution Faraday-corrected polarization data. Radio continuum observations of NGC 4631 at 4.85 GHz were performed with the VLA. In addition, observations were made with the Effelsberg telescope at 4.85 GHz and at 8.35 GHz. Th

Heiko Kroener

We show non-collapsing for the evolution of nearly spherical closed convex curves in \mathbb{R}^2 under power curvature flow using two-point-methods.

Giorgi Japaridze

Essentially being an extended abstract of the author's 1998 PhD thesis, this paper introduces an extension of the language of linear logic with a semantics which treats sentences as tasks rather than true/false statements. A resource is understood as an agent capable of accomplishing the task expressed by such a sentence. It is argued that the correspond

Dan Xie

Geometric picture of line operators of N=2 class S theories was found by imposing closure condition on operator product expansion (OPE) of line operators. In this paper, we first identify the geometric representation of ordinary Wilson-'t Hooft line operators of field theory, and study duality action on them. We further define a Dirac product between lin

Jie Feng, Matthieu Roché, Daniele Vigolo, Luben N. Arnaudov

The bursting of bubbles at an air/liquid interface is a familiar occurrence important to foam stability, cell cultures in bioreactors and mass transfer between the sea and atmosphere. Here we document the hitherto unreported formation and dispersal into the water column of submicrometre oil droplets following bubble bursting at a compound air/oil/water-with-

Dmitri Truhachev, David G. M. Mitchell, Michael Lentmaier, Daniel J. Costello

A novel code construction based on spatially coupled low-density parity-check (SC-LDPC) codes is presented. The proposed code ensembles are described by protographs, comprised of several protograph-based chains characterizing individual SC-LDPC codes. We demonstrate that code ensembles obtained by connecting appropriately chosen SC-LDPC code chains at specif

P. Frank Winkler, Brian J. Williams, Stephen P. Reynolds Robert Petre, Knox S. Long

We introduce a deep (670 ks) X-ray survey of the SN1006 remnant from Chandra, plus a deep H-alpha image from the 4m telescope at CTIO. Comparison with Chandra images from 2003 gives the first measurement of X-ray proper motions around the entire rim. We find that the expansion velocity varies significantly with azimuth: the highest velocity of ~7400 km/s (al

Chunxing She, Igor Fedin, Dmitriy S. Dolzhnikov, Arnaud Demortière

Semiconductor nanocrystals can be synthesized using inexpensive, scalable, solution-based techniques, and their utility as tunable light emitters has been demonstrated in various applications, including biolabeling and light-emitting devices. By contrast, the use of colloidal nanocrystals for optical amplification and lasing has been limited by the high inpu

Qin Gao, Michael Widom

Recent experiments suggest that Bi impurities segregate to form bilayer films on Ni and Cu grain boundaries but do not segregate in Fe. To explain these phenomena, we study the total energies of Bi films on transition metal (TM) $Σ$3(111) and $Σ$5(012) GBs using density functional theory. Our results agree with the observed stabilities. We propose a model to

Ole Andersson, Hoshang Heydari

The geometric formulation of quantum mechanics is a very interesting field of research which has many applications in the emerging field of quantum computation and quantum information, such as schemes for optimal quantum computers. In this work we discuss a geometric formulation of mixed quantum states represented by density operators. Our formulation is bas

C. H. Mandrini, B. Schmieder, P. Démoulin, Y. Guo

During the rising phase of Solar Cycle 24 tremendous activity occurred on the Sun with fast and compact emergence of magnetic flux leading to bursts of flares (C to M and even X-class). We investigate the violent events occurring in the cluster of two active regions (ARs), NOAA numbers 11121 and 11123, observed in November 2010 with instruments onboard the {

Kyung-Han Hong, Chien-Jen Lai, Jonathas Siqueira, Peter Krogen

We report on a multi-mJ 2.1-$μ$m OPCPA system operating at a 1-kHz repetition rate, pumped by a picosecond cryogenic Yb:YAG pump laser, and the phase-matched high-flux high-harmonic soft X-ray generation.

Savas Dayanik, Kazutoshi Yamazaki

We consider a unified framework of sequential change-point detection and hypothesis testing modeled by means of hidden Markov chains. One observes a sequence of random variables whose distributions are functionals of a hidden Markov chain. The objective is to detect quickly the event that the hidden Markov chain leaves a certain set of states, and to identif

Michel Eduardo Beleza Yamagishi, Roberto Hirochi Herai

We metaphorically call "Grammar of Biology" a small field of genomic research, whose main objective is to search for intrinsic DNA sequence properties. Erwin Chargaff inaugurated it back in 50s, but since then little progress has been made. It remained almost neglected until early 90s, when Vinayakumar V. Prabhu made a major contribution determining

Igor Skachkov

The market impact (MI) of Volume Weighted Average Price (VWAP) orders is a convex function of a trading rate, but most empirical estimates of transaction cost are concave functions. How is this possible? We show that isochronic (constant trading time) MI is slightly convex, and isochoric (constant trading volume) MI is concave. We suggest a model that fits a

M. Naimi, O. Thiare

Quorum based mutual exclusion algorithms enjoy many advantages such as low message complexity and high failure resiliency. The use of quorums is a well known approach to achieving mutual exclusion in distributed environments. Several distributed based quorum mutual exclusion was presented.

Steven G. Avery, Borun D. Chowdhury

It is generally believed that the eternal AdS black hole is dual to two conformal field theories with compact spatial sections that are together in a thermofield double state. We argue that this proposal is incorrect, and by extension so are the "entanglement=geometry" proposal of Van Raamsdonk and "ER=EPR" proposal of Maldacena and Susskind.

Peruvemba Sundaram Ravi, Levent Tuncel, Michael Huang

In 1976, Coffman and Sethi conjectured that a natural extension of LPT list scheduling to the bicriteria scheduling problem of minimizing makespan over flowtime optimal schedules, called LD algorithm, has a simple worst-case performance bound: (5m-2)/(4m-1), where m is the number of machines. We study structure of potential minimal counterexamples to this co

Matheus P. Lima, A. Fazzio, Antonio J. R. da Silva

The buckled structure of silicene leads to the possibility of new kinds of line defects that separate regions with reversed buckled phases. In the present work we show that these new grain boundaries have very low formation energies, one order of magnitude smaller than grain boundaries in graphene. These defects are stable along different orientations, and t

Maayan Honig, Joseph A. Sulpizio, Jonathan Drori, Arjun Joshua

The emerging field of complex oxide interfaces is generically built on one of the most celebrated substrates - strontium titanate (SrTiO3). This material hosts a range of phenomena, including ferroelasticity, incipient ferroelectricity, and most puzzlingly, contested giant piezoelectricity. Although these properties may markedly influence the oxide interface

Beena Kalisky, Eric M. Spanton, Hilary Noad, John R. Kirtley

The ability to control materials properties through interface engineering is demonstrated by the appearance of conductivity at the interface of certain insulators, most famously the {001} interface of the band insulators LaAlO$_{3}$ and TiO$_{2}$-terminated SrTiO$_{3}$ (STO). Transport and other measurements in this system show a plethora of diverse physical

Shu Lin, Robert D. Pisarski, Vladimir V. Skokov

We compute the collisional energy loss for a heavy quark above the critical temperature in Quantum ChromoDynamics (QCD). We work in the semi Quark-Gluon Plasma, which assumes that this region is dominated by the non-trivial holonomy of the thermal Wilson line. Relative to the result to leading order in perturbation theory, at a fixed value of the coupling co

Prabal Adhikari, Thomas D. Cohen, Ishaun Datta

We exhibit the existence of stable, saturated nuclear matter in the large $N_{c}$ and heavy quark mass limits of QCD. In this limit, baryons (with the same spin flavor structure) interact at leading order in $N_{c}$ via a repulsive interaction due to the Pauli exclusion principle and at subleading order in $1/N_c$ via the exchange of glueballs. Assuming that

Esteban Castillo, Benjamin Koch, Gonzalo Palma

Field theories with global continuous symmetries may admit configurations in which time translation invariance is broken by the movement of homogeneous background fields evolving along the flat directions implied by the symmetries. In this context, the field fluctuations along the broken symmetry are well parametrized by a Goldstone boson field that may non-

Jérémy Leconte, François Forget, Benjamin Charnay, Robin Wordsworth

Because the solar luminosity increases over geological timescales, Earth climate is expected to warm, increasing water evaporation which, in turn, enhances the atmospheric greenhouse effect. Above a certain critical insolation, this destabilizing greenhouse feedback can "runaway" until all the oceans are evaporated. Through increases in stratospheric

Hugo Messias, Jose M. Afonso, Mara Salvato, Bahram Mobasher

AIMS. This work addresses the AGN IR-selection dependency on intrinsic source luminosity and obscuration, in order to identify and charaterise biases which could affect conclusions in studies. METHODS. We study IR-selected AGN in the Chandra Deep Field South (CDFS) survey and in the Cosmological Survey (COSMOS). The AGN sample is divided into low and high X-

Th. Maschberger, I. A. Bonnell, C. J. Clarke, E. Moraux

We analyse a hydrodynamical simulation of star formation. Sink particles in the simulations which represent stars show episodic growth, which is presumably accretion from a core that can be regularly replenished in response to the fluctuating conditions in the local environment. The accretion rates follow $\dot{m} \propto m^{2/3}$, as expected from accretion

Ian Smail, J. E. Geach, A. M. Swinbank, K. Tadaki

We analyse new SCUBA-2 submillimeter and archival SPIRE far-infrared imaging of a z=1.62 cluster, Cl0218.3-0510, which lies in the UKIDSS/UDS field of the SCUBA-2 Cosmology Legacy Survey. Combining these tracers of obscured star formation activity with the extensive photometric and spectroscopic information available for this field, we identify 31 far-infrar

L. J. M. Davies, M. N. Bremer, E. R. Stanway, K. Husband

Identifying galaxy clustering at high redshift (i.e. z > 1) is essential to our understanding of the current cosmological model. However, at increasing redshift, clusters evolve considerably in star-formation activity and so are less likely to be identified using the widely-used red sequence method. Here we assess the viability of instead identifying high re

Rory Barnes

The determination of an exoplanet as rocky is critical for the assessment of planetary habitability. Observationally, the number of small-radius, transiting planets with accompanying mass measurements is insufficient for a robust determination of the transitional mass or radius. Theoretically, models predict that rocky planets can grow large enough to become

David S. Spiegel, Jonathan J. Fortney, Christophe Sotin

The hundreds of exoplanets that have been discovered in the past two decades offer a new perspective on planetary structure. Instead of being the archetypal examples of planets, those of our Solar System are merely possible outcomes of planetary system formation and evolution, and conceivably not even terribly common outcomes (although this remains an open q

A. Liam Fitzpatrick, Shamit Kachru, Jared Kaplan, S. Raghu

The problem of continuous quantum phase transitions in metals involves critical bosons coupled to a Fermi surface. We solve the theory in the limit of a large number, N_B, of bosonic flavors, where the bosons transform in the adjoint representation, while the fermions are in the fundamental representation of a global SU(N_B) flavor symmetry group. The leadin

Ilgar G. Mamedov

In the paper obtained equivalent system of Fredholm integral equations in the study of the Dirichlet problem for the generalized Manjeron equation with non-smooth coefficients in non-classical treatment (1), (4). When non-smooth conditions on the coefficients of the equation in a rectangular region for this problem posed are found correct solvability conditi

Francesco Giacosa

We describe some salient features as well as some recent developments concerning short-time deviations from the exponential decay law in the context of Quantum Mechanics by using the Lee Hamiltonian approach and Quantum Field Theory by using relativistic Lagrangians. In particular, the case in which two decay channels are present is analyzed: the ratio of de

S. Andreas, S. V. Donskov, P. Crivelli, A. Gardikiotis

Several models of dark matter suggest the existence of dark sectors consisting of SU(3)_C x SU(2)_L x U(1)_Y singlet fields. These sectors of particles do not interact with the ordinary matter directly but could couple to it via gravity. In addition to gravity, there might be another very weak interaction between the ordinary and dark matter mediated by U&#3

Vincent Bansaye, Vladimir Vatutin

We consider random walks with finite second moment which drifts to $-\infty$ and have heavy tail. We focus on the events when the minimum and the final value of this walk belong to some compact set. We first specify the associated probability. Then, conditionally on such an event, we finely describe the trajectory of the random walk. It yields a decompositio

Thomas Barois, S. Perisanu, Anthony AYARI, Stephen T. Purcell

A theoretical and experimental description of the threshold, amplitude, and stability of a self-oscillating nanowire in a field emission configuration is presented. Two thresholds for the onset of self-oscillation are identified, one induced by fluctuations of the electromagnetic environment and a second revealed by these fluctuations by measuring the probab

Franck Butelle, Christian Lavault, Marc Bui

We present a uniform self-stabilizing algorithm, which solves the problem of distributively finding a minimum diameter spanning tree of an arbitrary positively real-weighted graph. Our algorithm consists in two stages of stabilizing protocols. The first stage is a uniform randomized stabilizing {\em unique naming} protocol, and the second stage is a stabiliz

Emmanuel Onzon

In a previous paper (Bosq & Onzon (2012)) we did a first generalization of the concept of asymptotic efficiency for statistical prediction, i.e. for the problems where the unknown quantity to infer is not deterministic but random. However, in some instances, the assumptions we made were not easy to verify. Here we give proofs of similar results based on quit

Nathalie Revol, Philippe Théveny

What is called "numerical reproducibility" is the problem of getting the same result when the scientific computation is run several times, either on the same machine or on different machines, with different types and numbers of processing units, execution environments, computational loads etc. This problem is especially stringent for HPC numerical si

C. P. Novaes, A. Bernui, I. S. Ferreira, C. A. Wuensche

The extensive search for deviations from Gaussianity in cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) data is very important due to the information about the very early moments of the universe encoded there. Recent analyses from Planck CMB data do not exclude the presence of non-Gaussianity of small amplitude, although they are consistent with the Gaussian hyp

Victor Galitski, Ian B. Spielman

Spin-orbit coupling links a particle's velocity to its quantum mechanical spin, and is essential in numerous condensed matter phenomena, including topological insulators and Majorana fermions. In solid-state materials, spin-orbit coupling originates from the movement of electrons in a crystal's intrinsic electric field, which is uniquely prescribed.

James Sharpnack, Akshay Krishnamurthy, Aarti Singh

The detection of anomalous activity in graphs is a statistical problem that arises in many applications, such as network surveillance, disease outbreak detection, and activity monitoring in social networks. Beyond its wide applicability, graph structured anomaly detection serves as a case study in the difficulty of balancing computational complexity with sta

Stefan Heinrich, Aicke Hinrichs

We study the complexity of Banach space valued integration in the randomized setting. We are concerned with $r$-times continuously differentiable functions on the $d$-dimensional unit cube $Q$, with values in a Banach space $X$, and investigate the relation of the optimal convergence rate to the geometry of $X$. It turns out that the $n$-th minimal errors ar

Marc Kesseböhmer, Sanguo Zhu

For a self-affine measure on a Bedford-McMullen carpet we prove that its quantization dimension exists and determine its exact value. Further, we give various sufficient conditions for the corresponding upper and lower quantization coefficient to be both positive and finite. Finally, we compare the quantization dimension with corresponding quantities derived

Rian G. S. Pinheiro, Ivan C. Martins, Fábio Protti, Luiz S. Ochi

This work investigates the Bicluster Graph Editing Problem (BGEP) and how it can be applied to solve the Manufacturing Cell Formation Problem (MCFP). We develop an exact method for the BGEP that consists of a Branch-and-Cut approach combined with a special separation algorithm based on dynamic programming. We also describe a new preprocessing procedure for t

Shinsuke M. Nishigaki, Matteo Giordano, Tamas G. Kovacs, Ferenc Pittler

We examine statistical fluctuation of eigenvalues from the near-edge bulk of QCD Dirac spectra above the critical temperature. For completeness we start by reviewing on the spectral property of Anderson tight-binding Hamiltonians as described by nonlinear sigma models and random matrices, and on the scale-invariant intermediate spectral statistics at the mob

N. I. Sandu

This paper is a natural continuation of paper "On rectifiable spaces and its algebraical equivalents, topological algebraic systems and Mal'cev algebras" published in arxiv:1309.4572. Thus we justify the need to present the entire material in an unified manner. This paper is the continuation of Section 6 from the first paper. It specifies and cor

Jurgen Berndt, Miguel Dominguez-Vazquez

We classify, up to orbit equivalence, the cohomogeneity one actions on the noncompact duals of the symmetric spaces G_2, SU_3 and the real oriented two-plane Grassmannians.

Q. Shi, M. Khodas, A. Levchenko, M. A. Zudov

We have studied microwave photoresistance in a two-dimensional electron system subject to two radiation fields (frequencies $ω_1$ and $ω_2$) using quantum kinetic equation. We have found that when $ω_2/ω_1= 1 + 2/N$, where $N$ is an integer, and both waves have the same polarization, the displacement mechanism gives rise to a new, phase-sensitive photoresist

Luciana Bianchi, Alberto Conti, Bernie Shiao

The Galaxy Evolution Explorer (GALEX) has performed the first surveys of the sky in the Ultraviolet (UV). Its legacy is an unprecedented database with more than 200 million source measurements in far-UV (FUV) and near-UV (NUV), as well as wide-field imaging of extended objects, filling an important gap in our view of the sky across the electromagnetic spectr

C. Sabín-Sanjulián, S. Simón-Díaz, A. Herrero, N. R. Walborn

AIMS. We test the hypothesis of O Vz stars (characterized by having HeII4686 stronger in absorption than other He lines in their blue-violet spectra) being at a younger evolutionary stage than are normal O-type dwarfs. METHODS. We have performed a quantitative spectroscopic analysis of a sample of 38 O Vz and 46 O V stars, identified by the VLT-FLAMES Tarant

Tertuliano Franco, Julián Haddad

We consider here a generalized heat equation $\partial_t ρ=\frac{d}{dx}\frac{d}{dW}ρ$, where $W$ is a finite measure on the one dimensional torus, and $\frac{d}{dW}$ is the Radon-Nikodym derivative with respect to $W$. Such equation has appeared in different contexts, being related to physical systems and representing a large class of classical and non-class

V. A. Zaytsev, A. V. Maiorova, V. M. Shabaev, A. V. Volotka

We investigate the parity nonconservation (PNC) effect in the dielectronic recombination (DR) of a polarized electron with a heavy He-like ion into doubly-excited $((1s 2p_{1/2})_{0} nκ)_{1/2}$ and $\left(\left(1s 2s\right)_{0} nκ\right)_{1/2}$ states of Li-like ion. We determine the nuclear charge number $Z$ for which these opposite-parity levels are near t

Kiril Hristov, Andrea Rota

We perform a systematic search for static solutions in different sectors of 5d $N=8$ supergravities with compact and non-compact gauged R-symmetry groups, finding new and listing already known backgrounds. Due to the variety of possible gauge groups and resulting scalar potentials, the maximally symmetric vacua we encounter in these theories can be Minkowski

D. Riglioni, O. Gingras, P. Winternitz

A method for deriving superintegrable Hamiltonians with a spin orbital interaction is presented. The method is applied to obtain a new superintegrable system in Euclidean space $\mathbb{E}_3$ with the following properties. It describes a rotationally invariant interaction between a particle of spin $\frac{1}{2}$ and one of spin 0. Its Hamiltonian commutes wi

Michael Hinz, Elena Issoglio, Martina Zähle

We survey some of our recent results on existence, uniqueness and regularity of function solutions to parabolic and transport type partial differential equations driven by non-differentiable noises. When applied pathwise to random situations, they provide corresponding statements for stochastic partial differential equations driven by fractional noises of su

Masud Mansuripur

Electromagnetic waves carry energy as well as linear and angular momenta. When a light pulse is reflected from, transmitted through, or absorbed by a material medium, energy and momentum (both linear and angular) are generally exchanged, while the total amount of each entity remains intact. The extent of such exchanges between light and matter can be deduced

Thomas Lloyd, Bogdan Stefański

It is known that string theory on $AdS_3\times M_7$ backgrounds preserving 16 supercharges is classically integrable. This integrability has been previously used to write down a set of integral equations, known as the finite-gap equations. These equations can be solved for the closed string spectrum of the theory. However, it has been known for some time tha

Masud Mansuripur, Armis R. Zakharian

Radiation pressure and photon momentum in negative-index media are no different than their counterparts in ordinary (positive-index) materials. This is because the parameters responsible for these properties are the admittance, sqrt(epsilon/mu), and the group refractive index n_g of the material (both positive entities), and not the phase refractive index, n

Masud Mansuripur

The classical theory of electrodynamics is built upon Maxwell's equations and the concepts of electromagnetic field, force, energy, and momentum, which are intimately tied together by Poynting's theorem and the Lorentz force law. Whereas Maxwell's macroscopic equations relate the electric and magnetic fields to their material sources (i.e., charg

James Lindesay, Tshela E. Mason, William Hercules, Georgia M. Dunston

Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) represent an important type of dynamic sites within the human genome. These common variants often locally correlate into more complex multi-SNP haploblocks that are maintained throughout generations in a stable population. The information encoded in the structure of common SNPs and SNP haploblock variation can be charac

Masud Mansuripur

We derive the force of the electromagnetic radiation on material objects by a direct application of the Lorentz law of classical electro-dynamics. The derivation is straightforward in the case of solid metals and solid dielectrics, where the mass density and the optical constants of the media are assumed to remain unchanged under internal and external pressu

Henda Chorfi Ouertani

So far and trying to reach human capabilities, research in automatic summarization has been based on hypothesis that are both enabling and limiting. Some of these limitations are: how to take into account and reflect (in the generated summary) the implicit information conveyed in the text, the author intention, the reader intention, the context influence, th

Trygve Karper, Franziska Weber

In this paper, we present and analyze a new finite difference method for computing three dimensional wave maps into spheres. By introducing the angular momentum as an auxiliary variable, we recast the governing equation as a first order system. For this new system, we propose a discretization that conserves both the energy and the length constraint. The new

Ibrahim Bin Mohamed, Sherzod M. Mirakhmedov

A sum of observations derived by a simple random sampling design from a population of independent random variables is studied. A procedure finding a general term of Edgeworth asymptotic expansion is presented. The Lindeberg condition of asymptotic normality, Berry-Esseen bound, Edgeworth asymptotic expansions under weakened conditions and Cramer type large d

Peter Borg

We say that a set $A$ \emph{$t$-intersects} a set $B$ if $A$ and $B$ have at least $t$ common elements. Two families $\mathcal{A}$ and $\mathcal{B}$ are said to be \emph{cross-$t$-intersecting} if each set in $\mathcal{A}$ $t$-intersects each set in $\mathcal{B}$. For any positive integers $n$ and $r$, let ${[n] \choose r}$ denote the family of all $r$-eleme

Barbara Jager, Alexander Karlberg, Giulia Zanderighi

We present an implementation of electroweak $ZZjj$ production in the POWHEG BOX V2 framework, an upgrade of the POWHEG BOX program which includes a number of new features that are particularly helpful for high-multiplicity processes. We consider leptonic and semi-leptonic decay modes of the Z bosons, and take non-resonant contributions and spin correlations

Nayan Jyoti Kalita, Navanath Saharia, Smriti Kumar Sinha

For any deep computational processing of language we need evidences, and one such set of evidences is corpus. This paper describes the development of a text-based corpus for the Bishnupriya Manipuri language. A Corpus is considered as a building block for any language processing tasks. Due to the lack of awareness like other Indian languages, it is also stud

Enrique Solano

This paper describes the main characteristics of the Virtual Observatory as a research infrastructure in Astronomy, and identifies those fields in which it can be of help for the community of spectral stellar libraries.

Vadim Nastasiuk

This paper is an attempt at understanding the quantum-like dynamics of financial markets in terms of non-differentiable price-time continuum having fractal properties. The main steps of this development are the statistical scaling, the non-differentiability hypothesis, and the equations of motion entailed by this hypothesis. From perspective of the proposed

Roberto Peirone

In this paper, I describe the construction of certain functional integrals in the gradient on finitely ramified fractals, which have a sort of self-similarity property.

Jason A. Dittmann, Jonathan M. Irwin, David Charbonneau, Zachory K. Berta-Thompson

The MEarth survey is a search for small rocky planets around the smallest, nearest stars to the Sun as identified by high proper motion with red colors. We augmented our planetary search time series with lower cadence astrometric imaging and obtained two million images of approximately 1800 stars suspected to be mid-to-late M dwarfs. We fit an astrometric mo

A. E. Bergues-Pupo, J. M. Bergues, F. Falo

We study the features on the unzipping process of a modified version of the Peyrard-Bishop- Dauxois model. We show that the inclusion of a barrier in the on-site potential allows for the existence of stable domain wall solutions between open and closed regions of the DNA chain. We analyze the linear stability of such solutions and study their relevance in th

Ernesto Estrada, Jesus Gomez-Gardenes

We analyse the flow of information in multiplex networks by means of the communicability function. First, we generalize this measure from its definition from simple graphs to multiplex networks. Then, we study its relevance for the analysis of real-world systems by studying a social multiplex where information flows using formal/informal channels and an air

Yu Lu, Risa H. Wechsler, Rachel S. Somerville, Darren Croton

We compare the predictions of three independently developed semi-analytic galaxy formation models that are being used to aid in the interpretation of results from the CANDELS survey. These models are each applied to the same set of halo merger trees extracted from the "Bolshoi" simulation and are carefully tuned to match the local galaxy stellar mass

Andrea Bevilacqua, Franco Flandoli

Inspired by coarea formula in geometric measure theory, an occupation time formula for continuous semimartingales in $\mathbb{R}^{N}$ is proven. The occupation measure of a semimartingale, for $N\geq2$, is singular with respect to Lebesgue measure but it has a bounded density "transversal" to a foliation, under proper assumptions. In the particular c

Marcin Andrychowicz, Stefan Dziembowski, Daniel Malinowski, Łukasz Mazurek

BitCoin transactions are malleable in a sense that given a transaction an adversary can easily construct an equivalent transaction which has a different hash. This can pose a serious problem in some BitCoin distributed contracts in which changing a transaction's hash may result in the protocol disruption and a financial loss. The problem mostly concerns

T. V. Bay, M. Jackson, C. Paulsen, C. Baines

The low-field magnetic response of the non-centrosymmetric superconductor YPtBi ($T_c =0.77$ K) is investigated. Ac-susceptibility and dc-magnetization measurements provide solid evidence for bulk superconductivity with a volume fraction of $\sim 70\%$. The lower critical field is surprisingly small: $B_{c1} = 0.008$ mT $(T \rightarrow 0)$. Muon spin rotatio

A. Lemmer, A. Bermudez, M. B. Plenio

We present a study of the performance of the trapped-ion driven geometric phase gates introduced in [New J. Phys. 15, 083001 (2013)] when realized in a stimulated Raman transition. We show that the gate can achieve errors below the fault-tolerance threshold in the presence of laser intensity fluctuations. We also find that, in order to reduce the errors due

C. M. Polley, P. Dziawa, A. Reszka, A. Szczerbakow

We present angle resolved photoemission spectroscopy measurements of the surface states on in-situ grown (111) oriented films of Pb$_{1-x}$Sn$_{x}$Se, a three dimensional topological crystalline insulator. We observe surface states with Dirac-like dispersion at $\barΓ$ and $\bar{M}$ in the surface Brillouin zone, supporting recent theoretical predictions for

F. Allmendinger, W. Heil, S. Karpuk, W. Kilian

We report on the search for a CPT and Lorentz invariance violating coupling of the 3He and 129Xe nuclear spins (each largely determined by a valence neutron) to background tensor fields which permeate the universe. Our experimental approach is to measure the free precession of nuclear spin polarized 3He and 129Xe atoms in a homogeneous magnetic guiding field

Chiara Camere

We generalize Nikulin's and Dolgachev's lattice-theoretical mirror symmetry for K3 surfaces to lattice polarized higher dimensional irreducible holomorphic symplectic manifolds. In the case of fourfolds of $K3^{\left[2\right]}-$type we then describe mirror families of polarized fourfolds and we give an example with mirror non-symplectic involutions.

Clare L. Dobbs, Mark R. Krumholz, Javier Ballesteros-Paredes, Alberto D. Bolatto

Giant molecular clouds (GMCs) are the primary reservoirs of cold, star-forming molecular gas in the Milky Way and similar galaxies, and thus any understanding of star formation must encompass a model for GMC formation, evolution, and destruction. These models are necessarily constrained by measurements of interstellar molecular and atomic gas, and the emerge

Christoffer P. Nielsen, Henrik Bruus

We present an analytical model of salt- and water-ion transport across an ion-selective interface based on an assumption of local equilibrium of the water-dissociation reaction. The model yields current-voltage characteristics and curves of water-ion current versus salt-ion current, which are in qualitative agreement with experimental results published in th

H. H. B. Silva, R. Silva, R. S. Gonçalves, Zong-Hong Zhu

In this work we discuss a general approach for the dark energy thermodynamics considering a varying equation of state (EoS) parameter of the type $ω(a)=ω_0+F(a)$ and taking into account the role of a non-zero chemical potential $μ$. We derive generalized expressions for the entropy density, chemical potential and dark energy temperature $T$ and use the posit

Pu Du, Jian-Min Wang, Chen Hu, David Valls-Gabaud

The metallicity of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), which can be measured by emission line ratios in their broad and narrow line regions (BLRs and NLRs), provides invaluable information about the physical connection between the different components of AGNs. From the archival databases of the International Ultraviolet Explorer, the Hubble Space Telescope and th

A. H. Davison, T. Sidogi

We use Lie symmetry methods to price certain types of barrier options. Usually Lie symmetry methods cannot be used to solve the Black-Scholes equation for options because the function defining the maturity condition for an option is not smooth. However, for barrier options, this restriction can be accommodated and a symmetry analysis utilised to find new sol

Anthony Kiely, Andreas Ruschhaupt

We examine the stability of population transfer in two- and three-level systems against unwanted additional transitions. This population inversion is achieved by using recently proposed schemes called "shortcuts to adiabaticity". We quantify and compare the sensitivity of different schemes to these unwanted transitions. Finally, we provide examples o

B. Y. Pan, Y. Wang, L. J. Zhang, S. Y. Li

Single crystals of a metal organic complex \ce{(C5H12N)CuBr3} (\ce{C5H12N} = piperidinium, pipH for short) have been synthesized and the structure was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. \ce{(pipH)CuBr3} crystallizes in the monoclinic group $C$2/$c$. Edging-sharing \ce{CuBr5} units link to form zigzag chains along the $c$ axis and the neighboring

Joel James Adamson

Several studies question the adaptive value of female preferences for older males. Theory and evidence show that older males carry more deleterious mutations in their sperm than younger males carry. These mutations are not visible to females choosing mates. Germ-line mutations could oppose preferences for "good genes." Choosy females run the risk tha

Guy Trambly de Laissardière, Attila Szállás, Didier Mayou

We present numerical calculations of electronic structure and transport in Penrose approximants. The electronic structure of perfect approximants shows a spiky density of states and a tendency to localization that is more pronounced in the middle of the band. Near the band edges the behavior is more similar to that of free electrons. These calculations of ba

Roberto Giambò, Giulio Magli

The structure of the Einstein field equations describing the gravitational collapse of spherically symmetric isotropic fluids is analyzed here for general equations of state. A suitable system of coordinates is constructed which allows us, under a hypothesis of Taylor-expandability with respect to one of the coordinates, to approach the problem of the nature

Ferran Gibert, Miquel Nofrarias, Alberto Lobo, Marc Díaz-Aguiló

The STOC (Science and Technology Operations Centre) simulator of the LPF (LISA PathFinder) mission is intended to provide a validation tool for the mission operations tele-commanding chain, as well as for a deeper understanding of the underlying physical processes happening in the LTP (LISA Technology Package). Amongst the different physical effects that wil

Mahtab Mirmohseni, Panagiotis Papadimitratos

We study the secrecy capacity in the vicinity of colluding eavesdroppers. Contrary to the perfect collusion assumption in previous works, our new information-theoretic model considers constraints in collusion. We derive the achievable secure rates (lower bounds on the perfect secrecy capacity), both for the discrete memoryless and Gaussian channels. We also

Raheleh Kafieh, Hossein Rabbani, Fedra Hajizadeh, Michael D. Abramoff

Purpose. This study was conducted to determine the thickness map of eleven retinal layers in normal subjects by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) and evaluate their association with sex and age. Methods. Mean regional retinal thickness of 11 retinal layers were obtained by automatic three-dimensional diffusion-map-based method in 112 norm

Yuzhi Liu, Ran Zhou, Jon A. Bailey, A. Bazavov

We calculate the form factors for the semileptonic decays $B_s\to K\ellν$ and $B\to K\ell\ell$ with lattice QCD. We work at several lattice spacings and a range of light quark masses, using the MILC 2+1-flavor asqtad ensembles. We use the Fermilab method for the $b$ quark. We obtain chiral-continuum extrapolations for $E_K$ up to $\sim1.2$ GeV and then exten