March 2017 arXiv papers — page 18

Xiaobing Luo, Baiyuan Yang, Xiaofei Zhang, Lei Li

We propose a simple method of combined synchronous modulations to generate the analytically exact solutions for a parity-time symmetric two-level system. Such exact solutions are expressible in terms of simple elementary functions and helpful for illuminating some generalizations of appealing concepts originating in the Hermitian system. Some intriguing phys

A. Kochoska, N. Mowlavi, A. Prsa, I. Lecoeur-Taibi

In the new era of large-scale astronomical surveys, automated methods of analysis and classification of bulk data are a fundamental tool for fast and efficient production of deliverables. This becomes ever more imminent as we enter the Gaia era. We investigate the potential detectability of eclipsing binaries with Gaia using a data set of all Kepler eclipsin

Jae-Won Kim, Jong-Seon No

In this paper, new index coding problems are studied, where each receiver has erroneous side information. Although side information is a crucial part of index coding, the existence of erroneous side information has not yet been considered. We study an index code with receivers that have erroneous side information symbols in the error-free broadcast channel,

Rongjie Lai, Jianfeng Lu

The committor functions provide useful information to the understanding of transitions of a stochastic system between disjoint regions in phase space. In this work, we develop a point cloud discretization for Fokker-Planck operators to numerically calculate the committor function, with the assumption that the transition occurs on an intrinsically low-dimensi

Ryutaro Okuma, Takeshi Yajima, Daisuke Nishio-Hamane, Tsuyoshi Okubo

Novel magnetic phases are expected to occur in highly frustrated spin systems. Here we study the structurally perfect kagomé antiferromagnet CdCu$_3$(OH)$_6$(NO$_3$)$_2\cdot$H$_2$O by magnetization, magnetic torque, and heat capacity measurements using single crystals.An antiferromagnetic order accompanied by a small spontaneous magnetization that surprising

Sergio Velasco, Carlos Colodro-Conde, Roberto L. López, Alejandro Oscoz

The Adaptive Optics Lucky Imager (AOLI) is a new instrument designed to combine adaptive optics (AO) and lucky imaging (LI) techniques to deliver high spatial resolution in the visible, 20 mas, from ground-based telescopes. Here we present details of the integration and verification phases explaining the defiance that we have faced and the innovative and ver

Nidhish Raj, Ravi N. Banavar, Abhishek, Mangal Kothari

We consider the problem of attitude tracking for small-scale aerobatic helicopters. A small scale helicopter has two subsystems: the fuselage, modeled as a rigid body; and the rotor, modeled as a first order system. Due to the coupling between rotor and fuselage, the complete system does not inherit the structure of a simple mechanical system. The coupled ro

Shiba Biswal, Karthik Elamvazhuthi, Spring Berman

This paper, the second of a two-part series, presents a method for mean-field feedback stabilization of a swarm of agents on a finite state space whose time evolution is modeled as a continuous time Markov chain (CTMC). The resulting (mean-field) control problem is that of controlling a nonlinear system with desired global stability properties. We first prov

Karthik Elamvazhuthi, Vaibhav Deshmukh, Matthias Kawski, Spring Berman

In this paper, we study the controllability and stabilizability properties of the Kolmogorov forward equation of a continuous time Markov chain (CTMC) evolving on a finite state space, using the transition rates as the control parameters. Firstly, we prove small-time local and global controllability from and to strictly positive equilibrium configurations wh

Baiming Chen, Ding Zhao, Huei Peng

Interactions between vehicles and pedestrians have always been a major problem in traffic safety. Experienced human drivers are able to analyze the environment and choose driving strategies that will help them avoid crashes. What is not yet clear, however, is how automated vehicles will interact with pedestrians. This paper proposes a new method for evaluati

Suelen Gasparin, Julien Berger, Denys Dutykh, Nathan Mendes

Implicit schemes have been extensively used in building physics to compute the solution of moisture diffusion problems in porous materials for improving stability conditions. Nevertheless, these schemes require important sub-iterations when treating non-linear problems. To overcome this disadvantage, this paper explores the use of improved explicit schemes,

Oliver G. Ernst, Björn Sprungk, Lorenzo Tamellini

We give a convergence proof for the approximation by sparse collocation of Hilbert-space-valued functions depending on countably many Gaussian random variables. Such functions appear as solutions of elliptic PDEs with lognormal diffusion coefficients. We outline a general $L^2$-convergence theory based on previous work by Bachmayr et al. (2016) and Chen (201

Hehu Xie, Fei Xu

A full multigrid finite element method is proposed for semilinear elliptic equations. The main idea is to transform the solution of the semilinear problem into a series of solutions of the corresponding linear boundary value problems on the sequence of finite element spaces and semilinear problems on a very low dimensional space. The linearized boundary valu

Emmanuil H. Georgoulis, Tristan Pryer

We prove the inf-sup stability of a discontinuous Galerkin scheme for second order elliptic operators in (unbalanced) mesh-dependent norms for quasi-uniform meshes for all spatial dimensions. This results in a priori error bounds in these norms. As an application we examine a problem with rough source term where the solution can not be characterised as a wea

Jens Lang, Willem Hundsdorfer

In this paper we investigate a new class of implicit-explicit (IMEX) two-step methods of Peer type for systems of ordinary differential equations with both non-stiff and stiff parts included in the source term. An extrapolation approach based on already computed stage values is applied to construct IMEX methods with favourable stability properties. Optimised

Mang Liao, Aranya Chakrabortty

In this paper we develop a set of algorithms that can detect the identities of malicious data-manipulators in distributed optimization loops for estimating oscillation modes in large power system models. The estimation is posed in terms of a consensus problem among multiple local estimators that jointly solve for the characteristic polynomial of the network

Andreas Svensson, Thomas B. Schön

We consider a nonlinear state-space model with the state transition and observation functions expressed as basis function expansions. The coefficients in the basis function expansions are learned from data. Using a connection to Gaussian processes we also develop priors on the coefficients, for tuning the model flexibility and to prevent overfitting to data,

Aritra Dutta, Xin Li

We study a weighted low rank approximation that is inspired by a problem of constrained low rank approximation of matrices as initiated by the work of Golub, Hoffman, and Stewart (Linear Algebra and Its Applications, 88-89(1987), 317-327). Our results reduce to that of Golub, Hoffman, and Stewart in the limiting cases. We also propose an algorithm based on t

Arkady Bolotin

In the paper, the question whether truth values can be assigned to the propositions before their verification is discussed. To answer this question, a notion of a propositionally noncontextual theory is introduced that in order to explain the verification outcomes provides a map linking each element of a complete lattice identified with a proposition to a tr

Dexie Lin

For two complex vector bundles admitting a homomorphism, whose singularity locates in the disjoint union of some odd--dimensional spheres, we give a formula to compute the relative Chern characteristic number of these two complex vector bundles. In particular, for a spin manifold admitting some sphere bundle structure, we give a formula to express the index

Huong Ha, James S. Welsh, Cristian R. Rojas, Bo Wahlberg

In this paper, we develop an upper bound for the SPARSEVA (SPARSe Estimation based on a VAlidation criterion) estimation error in a general scheme, i.e., when the cost function is strongly convex and the regularized norm is decomposable for a pair of subspaces. We show how this general bound can be applied to a sparse regression problem to obtain an upper bo

Keith Hayton, Dimitrios Moirogiannis, Marcelo Magnasco

The brain processes visual inputs having structure over a large range of spatial scales. The precise mechanisms or algorithms used by the brain to achieve this feat are largely unknown and an open problem in visual neuroscience. In particular, the spatial extent in visual space over which primary visual cortex (V1) performs evidence integration has been show

Cosimo C. Rusconi, Vera Pöchhacker, Katja Kustura, J. Ignacio Cirac

We theoretically show that, despite Earnshaw's theorem, a non-rotating single magnetic domain nanoparticle can be stably levitated in an external static magnetic field. The stabilization relies on the quantum spin origin of magnetization, namely the gyromagnetic effect. We predict the existence of two stable phases related to the Einstein--de Haas effect

John C. Bowers, Philip L. Bowers, Kevin Pratt

We generalize Cauchy's celebrated theorem on the global rigidity of convex polyhedra in Euclidean $3$-space $\mathbb{E}^{3}$ to the context of circle polyhedra in the $2$-sphere $\mathbb{S}^{2}$. We prove that any two convex and proper non-unitary c-polyhedra with Möbius-congruent faces that are consistently oriented are Möbius-congruent. Our result impl

Andrei Zholud, Ryan Freeman, Rongxing Cao, Ajit Srivastava

Spin transfer - the transfer of angular momentum from spin-polarized electrical current to magnetic materials - has been extensively researched as an efficient mechanism for the electronic manipulation of the static and dynamic states in nanomagnetic systems, advancing our understanding of nanomagnetism and electronic transport, and enabling the development

C. Aidala, N. N. Ajitanand, Y. Akiba, R. Akimoto

The cross section and transverse single-spin asymmetries of $μ^{-}$ and $μ^{+}$ from open heavy-flavor decays in polarized $p$+$p$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV were measured by the PHENIX experiment during 2012 at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Because heavy-flavor production is dominated by gluon-gluon interactions at $\sqrt{s}=200$ GeV, these mea

Tomohiko Ishida

We prove the orderability of the Witzel-Zaremsky-Thompson group for a direct system of orderable groups under a certain compatibility assumption.

Carina Geldhauser, Enrico Valdinoci

We study an optimization problem with SPDE constraints, which has the peculiarity that the control parameter $s$ is the $s$-th power of the diffusion operator in the state equation. Well-posedness of the state equation and differentiability properties with respect to the fractional parameter $s$ are established. We show that under certain conditions on the n

Michael Laskey, Jonathan Lee, Roy Fox, Anca Dragan

One approach to Imitation Learning is Behavior Cloning, in which a robot observes a supervisor and infers a control policy. A known problem with this "off-policy" approach is that the robot's errors compound when drifting away from the supervisor's demonstrations. On-policy, techniques alleviate this by iteratively collecting corrective actio

Vidhya Tekken Valapil, Sandeep S. Kulkarni

Stabilization is a key dependability property for dealing with unanticipated transient faults, as it guarantees that even in the presence of such faults, the system will recover to states where it satisfies its specification. One of the desirable attributes of stabilization is the use of bounded space for each variable. In this paper, we present an algorithm

Eric A. Carlen, Elliott H. Lieb

The well known duality between the Sobolev inequality and the Hardy-Littlewood-Sobolev inequality suggests that the Nash inequality could also have an interesting dual form, even though the Nash inequality relates three norms instead of two. We provide such a dual form here with sharp constants. This dual inequality relates the $L^2$ norm to the infimal conv

Timothy Sleasman, Michael Boyarsky, Mohammadreza F. Imani, Thomas Fromenteze

Conventional microwave imaging schemes, enabled by the ubiquity of coherent sources and detectors, have traditionally relied on frequency bandwidth to retrieve range information, while using mechanical or electronic beamsteering to obtain cross-range information. This approach has resulted in complex and expensive hardware when extended to large-scale system

Tetsuya Ito, Keiko Kawamuro

For a null-homologous transverse link $\mathcal T$ in a general contact manifold with an open book, we explore strongly quasipositive braids and Bennequin surfaces. We define the defect $δ(\mathcal T)$ of the Bennequin-Eliashberg inequality. We study relations between $δ(\mathcal T)$ and minimal genus Bennequin surfaces of $\mathcal T$. In particular, in the

Luisa Fiorot, Teresa Monteiro Fernandes

This paper is a contribution to the study of relative holonomic $\mathcal{D}$-modules. Contrary to the absolute case, the standard $t$-structure on holonomic $\mathcal{D}$-modules is not preserved by duality and hence the solution functor is no longer $t$-exact with respect to the canonical, resp. middle-perverse, $t$-structures. We provide an explicit descr

Cristian Bonato, Dominic W. Berry

Sensors based on single spins can enable magnetic field detection with very high sensitivity and spatial resolution. Previous work has concentrated on sensing of a constant magnetic field or a periodic signal. Here, we instead investigate the problem of estimating a field with non-periodic variation described by a Wiener process. We propose and study, by num

Lev D. Beklemishev

Strictly positive logics recently attracted attention both in the description logic and in the provability logic communities for their combination of efficiency and sufficient expressivity. The language of Reflection Calculus RC consists of implications between formulas built up from propositional variables and constant `true' using only conjunction and

Alberto Baiardi, Christopher J. Stein, Vincenzo Barone, Markus Reiher

Variational approaches for the calculation of vibrational wave functions and energies are a natural route to obtain highly accurate results with controllable errors. However, the unfavorable scaling and the resulting high computational cost of standard variational approaches limit their application to small molecules with only few vibrational modes. Here, we

Jeffrey Mahler, Jacky Liang, Sherdil Niyaz, Michael Laskey

To reduce data collection time for deep learning of robust robotic grasp plans, we explore training from a synthetic dataset of 6.7 million point clouds, grasps, and analytic grasp metrics generated from thousands of 3D models from Dex-Net 1.0 in randomized poses on a table. We use the resulting dataset, Dex-Net 2.0, to train a Grasp Quality Convolutional Ne

Brett W. Israelsen, Nisar Ahmed, Kenneth Center, Roderick Green

This work studies how an AI-controlled dog-fighting agent with tunable decision-making parameters can learn to optimize performance against an intelligent adversary, as measured by a stochastic objective function evaluated on simulated combat engagements. Gaussian process Bayesian optimization (GPBO) techniques are developed to automatically learn global Gau

Zijie Poh, Stuart Raby, Zi-zhi Wang

Previous studies of a three family Yukawa unified supersymmetric grand unified theory (SUSY GUT) with SO(10) or Pati-Salam (PS) gauge symmetry proposed by Raby and students show that this model is able to fit low energy and inflation observables. However, the fit to low energy observables is not great especially for $\sin2β$, and up and down quark masses. In

Ferran Parés, Dario Garcia-Gasulla, Armand Vilalta, Jonatan Moreno

We introduce a community detection algorithm (Fluid Communities) based on the idea of fluids interacting in an environment, expanding and contracting as a result of that interaction. Fluid Communities is based on the propagation methodology, which represents the state-of-the-art in terms of computational cost and scalability. While being highly efficient, Fl

Axel Gandy, Georg Hahn, Dong Ding

Software packages usually report the results of statistical tests using p-values. Users often interpret these by comparing them to standard thresholds, e.g. 0.1%, 1% and 5%, which is sometimes reinforced by a star rating (***, **, *). We consider an arbitrary statistical test whose p-value p is not available explicitly, but can be approximated by Monte Carlo

Motoi Endo, Takeo Moroi, Mihoko M. Nojiri, Yutaro Shoji

We study the gauge invariance of the decay rate of the false vacuum for the model in which the scalar field responsible for the false vacuum decay has gauge quantum number. In order to calculate the decay rate, one should integrate out the field fluctuations around the classical path connecting the false and true vacua (i.e., so-called bounce). Concentrating

Sergii Babkin, Jonathan Stewart, Xiaochen Long, Michael Schweinberger

A class of random graph models is considered, combining features of exponential-family models and latent structure models, with the goal of retaining the strengths of both of them while reducing the weaknesses of each of them. An open problem is how to estimate such models from large networks. A novel approach to large-scale estimation is proposed, taking ad

Rainer Dick

We discuss a dark family of lepton-like particles with their own "private" gauge bosons under a local SU'(2)xU'(1) symmetry. The product of dark and visible gauge groups SU'(2)xU'(1)xSU_w(2)xU_Y(1) is broken dynamically to the diagonal (vector-like) subgroup SU(2)xU(1) through the coupling of two scalar fields M_i to the Higgs field a

A. M. G. Carvalho, W. Imamura, E. O. Usuda, N. M. Bom

The barocaloric effect is still an incipient scientific topic, but it has been attracting an increasing attention in the last years due to the promising perspectives for its application in alternative cooling devices. Here, we present giant values of barocaloric entropy change and temperature change induced by low pressures in PDMS elastomer around room temp

Azizollah Azizi, Soudabe Nasirimoghadam

Quantum theories of gravity help us to improve our insight into the gravitational interactions. Motivated by the interesting effect of gravity on the photon trajectory, we treat a quantum recipe concluding a classical interaction of light and a massive object such as the sun. We use the linear quantum gravity to compute the classical potential of a photon in

Carl Pomerance, Igor E. Shparlinski

Consider the power pseudorandom-number generator in a finite field ${\mathbb F}_q$. That is, for some integer $e\ge2$, one considers the sequence $u,u^e,u^{e^2},\dots$ in ${\mathbb F}_q$ for a given seed $u\in {\mathbb F}_q^\times$. This sequence is eventually periodic. One can consider the number of cycles that exist as the seed $u$ varies over ${\mathbb F}

Christian Hennig

There are many cluster analysis methods that can produce quite different clusterings on the same dataset. Cluster validation is about the evaluation of the quality of a clustering; "relative cluster validation" is about using such criteria to compare clusterings. This can be used to select one of a set of clusterings from different methods, or from t

Benjamin Grimmer

We present a subgradient method for minimizing non-smooth, non-Lipschitz convex optimization problems. The only structure assumed is that a strictly feasible point is known. We extend the work of Renegar [5] by taking a different perspective, leading to an algorithm which is conceptually more natural, has notably improved convergence rates, and for which the

Fabian Laudenbach, Christoph Pacher, Chi-Hang Fred Fung, Andreas Poppe

Quantum key distribution using weak coherent states and homodyne detection is a promising candidate for practical quantum-cryptographic implementations due to its compatibility with existing telecom equipment and high detection efficiencies. However, despite the actual simplicity of the protocol, the security analysis of this method is rather involved compar

Michael Siomau

Control theory concerns with the question if and how it is possible to drive the behavior of a complex dynamical system. A system is said to be controllable if we can drive it from any initial state to any desired final state in finite time. For many complex networks, the precise knowledge of system parameters lacks. But, it is possible to make a conclusion

Imanol Albarran, Mariam Bouhmadi-López, Che-Yu Chen, Pisin Chen

By far cosmology is one of the most exciting subject to study, even more so with the current bulk of observations we have at hand. These observations might indicate different kinds of doomsdays, if dark energy follows certain patterns. Two of these doomsdays are the Little Rip (LR) and Little Sibling of the Big Rip (LSBR). In this work, aside from proving th

Augusto Bordini, Fábio Protti

The Minimum Coloring Cut Problem is defined as follows: given a connected graph G with colored edges, find an edge cut E' of G (a minimal set of edges whose removal renders the graph disconnected) such that the number of colors used by the edges in E' is minimum. In this work, we present two approaches based on Variable Neighborhood Search to solve t

Heikki Mäntysaari, Björn Schenke

We show that introducing subnucleon scale fluctuations constrained by HERA diffractive $J/Ψ$ production data significantly affects the incoherent diffractive $J/Ψ$ production cross section in ultraperipheral heavy ion collisions. We find that the inclusion of the additional fluctuations increases the ratio of the incoherent to the coherent cross section appr

P. Assis, U. Barres de Almeida, A. Blanco, R. Conceição

Currently the detection of Very High Energy gamma-rays for astrophysics rely on the measurement of the Extensive Air Showers (EAS) either using Cherenkov detectors or EAS arrays with larger field of views but also larger energy thresholds. In this talk we present a novel hybrid detector concept for a EAS array with an improved sensitivity in the lower energi

G. Heinrich, S. P. Jones, M. Kerner, G. Luisoni

We present the first combination of NLO QCD matrix elements for di-Higgs production, retaining the full top quark mass dependence, with a parton shower. Results are provided within both the POWHEG-BOX and MadGraph5_aMC@NLO Monte Carlo frameworks. We assess in detail the theoretical uncertainties and provide differential results. We find that, as expected, th

Mark W. Coffey, Matthew C. Lettington

The (generalised) Mellin transforms of certain Chebyshev and Gegenbauer functions based upon the Chebyshev and Gegenbauer polynomials, have polynomial factors $p_n(s)$, whose zeros lie all on the `critical line' $\Re\,s=1/2$ or on the real axis (called critical polynomials). The transforms are identified in terms of combinatorial sums related to H. W. Go

Ira B. Schwartz, Klimka Szwaykowska, Thomas W. Carr

Networks of interacting, communicating subsystems are common in many fields, from ecology, biology, epidemiology to engineering and robotics. In the presence of noise and uncertainty, inter- actions between the individual components can lead to unexpected complex system-wide behaviors. In this paper, we consider a generic model of two weakly coupled dynamica

Gleb Siroki, Paloma Arroyo Huidobro, Vincenzo Giannini

Photonic crystal topological insulators host protected states at their edges. In the band structure these edge states appear as continuous bands crossing the photonic band gap. They allow light to propagate unidirectionally and without scattering. In practice it is essential to make devices relying on these effects as miniature as possible. Here we study all

Ashutosh Kumar Alok, Bhubanjyoti Bhattacharya, Dinesh Kumar, Jacky Kumar

At present, there are several measurements of $B$ decays that exhibit discrepancies with the predictions of the SM, and suggest the presence of new physics (NP) in $b \to s μ^+ μ^-$ transitions. Many NP models have been proposed as explanations. These involve the tree-level exchange of a leptoquark (LQ) or a flavor-changing $Z'$ boson. In this paper we e

Gert Aarts, Chris Allton, Davide De Boni, Simon Hands

We study what happens to the Nucleon, Delta and Omega baryons in the hadronic gas and the quark-gluon plasma, with particular interest in parity doubling and its emergence as the plasma is heated. This is done using simulations of lattice QCD, employing the FASTSUM anisotropic Nf=2+1 ensembles, with four temperatures below and four above the deconfinement tr

Sean M. Carroll, Aidan Chatwin-Davies

In a wide class of cosmological models, a positive cosmological constant drives cosmological evolution toward an asymptotically de Sitter phase. Here we connect this behavior to the increase of entropy over time, based on the idea that de Sitter spacetime is a maximum-entropy state. We prove a cosmic no-hair theorem for Robertson-Walker and Bianchi I spaceti

Thomas Murphy, Frederick Wilhelm

For $n\geq 4$ we show that generic closed Riemannian $n$-manifolds have no nontrivial totally geodesic submanifolds, answering a question of Spivak. An immediate consequence is a severe restriction on the isometry group of a generic Riemannian metric. Both results are widely believed to be true, but we are not aware of any proofs in the literature.

Andres Collinucci, Simone Giacomelli, Roberto Valandro

M2 branes probing T-brane backgrounds in M-theory with ADE surface singularities perceive deformations on their worldvolume superpotentials by monopole operators. The dynamics and moduli spaces of the resulting theories can be studied using a dual description involving conventional superpotential terms and (the dimensional reduction of) class S trinion theor

Mark D. Goodsell, Stefan Liebler, Florian Staub

We describe a fully generic implementation of two-body partial decay widths at the full one-loop level in the SARAH and SPheno framework compatible with most supported models. It incorporates fermionic decays to a fermion and a scalar or a gauge boson as well as scalar decays into two fermions, two gauge bosons, two scalars or a scalar and a gauge boson. We

Matteo A. C. Rossi, Caterina Foti, Alessandro Cuccoli, Jacopo Trapani

We address the dynamics of a bosonic system coupled to either a bosonic or a magnetic environment, and derive a set of sufficient conditions that allow one to describe the dynamics in terms of the effective interaction with a classical fluctuating field. We find that for short interaction times the dynamics of the open system is described by a Gaussian noise

Daniele Varsano, Sandro Sorella, Davide Sangalli, Matteo Barborini

Fifty years ago Walter Kohn speculated that a zero-gap semiconductor might be unstable against the spontaneous generation of excitons---electron-hole pairs bound together by Coulomb attraction. The reconstructed ground state would then open a gap breaking the symmetry of the underlying lattice, a genuine consequence of electronic correlations. Here we show t

Christopher G. R. Wallis, Matthew A. Price, Jason D. McEwen, Thomas D. Kitching

Convergence maps of the integrated matter distribution are a key science result from weak gravitational lensing surveys. To date, recovering convergence maps has been performed using a planar approximation of the celestial sphere. However, with the increasing area of sky covered by dark energy experiments, such as Euclid, the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope

Divya Palaniswamy, Ye Li, Bing Zhang

The repeating FRB 121102 (the "repeater") shows {repetitive bursting activities} and was localized in a host galaxy at $z=0.193$. On the other hand, despite dozens of hours of telescope time spent on follow-up observations, no other FRBs have been observed to repeat. Yet, it has been speculated that the repeater is the prototype of FRBs, and that oth

Alis J. Deason, Vasily Belokurov, Sergey E. Koposov, Facundo A. Gomez

We combine Gaia data release 1 astrometry with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) images taken some ~10-15 years earlier, to measure proper motions of stars in the halo of our Galaxy. The SDSS-Gaia proper motions have typical statistical errors of 2 mas/yr down to r ~ 20 mag, and are robust to variations with magnitude and colour. Armed with this exquisite set

Cornelius Rampf, Eleonora Villa, Luca Amendola

What are the fundamental limitations of reconstructing the properties of dark energy, given cosmological observations in the quasilinear regime in a range of redshifts, to be as precise as required? The aim of this paper is to address this question by constructing model-independent observables, whilst completely ignoring practical problems of real-world obse

Andreas Crivellin, Dario Müller, Toshihiko Ota

Over the past years, experiments accumulated intriguing hints for new physics (NP) in flavor observables, namely in the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon ($a_μ$), in $R(D^{(*)})={\rm Br}(B\to D^{(*)}τν)/{\rm Br}(B\to D^{(*)}\ellν)$ and in $b\to sμ^+μ^-$ transitions, which are all at the $3-4\,σ$ level. In this article we point out that one can explain th

Netta Engelhardt, Sebastian Fischetti

In a full theory of quantum gravity, local physics is expected to be approximate rather than innate. It is therefore important to understand how approximate locality emerges in the semiclassical limit. Here we show that any notion of locality emergent from a holographic theory of quantum gravity is "all or nothing": local data is not obtained gradual

Ying Zu, Rachel Mandelbaum

Recent studies suggest that the quenching properties of galaxies are correlated over several mega-parsecs. The large-scale "galactic conformity" phenomenon around central galaxies has been regarded as a potential signature of "galaxy assembly bias" or "pre-heating", both of which interpret conformity as a result of direct environmenta

Jun-ichi Sakamoto, Yuho Sakatani, Kentaroh Yoshida

It has recently been shown that a set of the generalized type IIB supergravity equations follows from the requirement of kappa symmetry of the type IIB Green-Schwarz superstring theory defined on an arbitrary background. In this paper, we show that the whole bosonic part of the generalized type II supergravity equations can be reproduced from the T-duality c

Alexandre Barreira, Fabian Schmidt

We introduce a rigorous definition of general power-spectrum responses as resummed vertices with two hard and $n$ soft momenta in cosmological perturbation theory. These responses measure the impact of long-wavelength perturbations on the local small-scale power spectrum. The kinematic structure of the responses (i.e., their angular dependence) can be decomp

Dongdong Chen, Jing Liao, Lu Yuan, Nenghai Yu

Training a feed-forward network for fast neural style transfer of images is proven to be successful. However, the naive extension to process video frame by frame is prone to producing flickering results. We propose the first end-to-end network for online video style transfer, which generates temporally coherent stylized video sequences in near real-time. Two

Dongdong Chen, Lu Yuan, Jing Liao, Nenghai Yu

We propose StyleBank, which is composed of multiple convolution filter banks and each filter bank explicitly represents one style, for neural image style transfer. To transfer an image to a specific style, the corresponding filter bank is operated on top of the intermediate feature embedding produced by a single auto-encoder. The StyleBank and the auto-encod

Hamzeh Khanpour, Sara Taheri Monfared, S. Atashbar Tehrani

We extract polarized parton distribution functions (PPDFs), referred to as "KTA17," together with the highly correlated strong coupling $α_s$ from recent and up-to-date $g_1$ and $g_2$ polarized structure functions world data at next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. The stability and reliability of the results are ensured by including no

Richard A. Berk, Hoda Heidari, Shahin Jabbari, Michael Kearns

Objectives: Discussions of fairness in criminal justice risk assessments typically lack conceptual precision. Rhetoric too often substitutes for careful analysis. In this paper, we seek to clarify the tradeoffs between different kinds of fairness and between fairness and accuracy. Methods: We draw on the existing literatures in criminology, computer science

Daniel Elander, Maurizio Piai

In the context of gauge/gravity dualities, we calculate the scalar and tensor mass spectrum of the boundary theory defined by a special 8-scalar sigma-model in five dimensions, the background solutions of which include the 1-parameter family dual to the baryonic branch of the Klebanov-Strassler field theory. This provides an example of a strongly-coupled, mu

Ioulia N. Baoulina

We explicitly determine the values of reduced cyclotomic periods of order $2^m$, $m\ge 4$, for finite fields of characteristic $p\equiv 3$ or $5\pmod{8}$. These evaluations are applied to obtain explicit factorizations of the corresponding reduced period polynomials. As another application, the weight distributions of certain irreducible cyclic codes are des

Greger Torgrimsson, Christian Schneider, Johannes Oertel, Ralf Schützhold

The Sauter-Schwinger effect predicts the creation of electron-positron pairs out of the quantum vacuum by a strong and slowly varying electric field. This effect can be dynamically assisted by an additional weaker time-dependent field, which may drastically enhance the pair-creation probability. In previous studies, it has been found that the enhancement may

Yuanhan Mo, Fangde Liu, Douglas McIlwraith, Guang Yang

Precise segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) within cardiac MRI images is a prerequisite for the quantitative measurement of heart function. However, this task is challenging due to the limited availability of labeled data and motion artifacts from cardiac imaging. In this work, we present an iterative segmentation algorithm for LV delineation. By couplin

Andrey O. Matveev

If V(R) is the vertex set of a symmetric cycle R in the tope graph of a simple oriented matroid M, then for any tope T of M there exists a unique inclusion-minimal subset Q(T,R) of V(R) such that T is the sum of the topes of Q(T,R). If for decompositions Q(T',R') and Q(T",R") with respect to symmetric cycles R' and R" in the tope grap

Ingo Homrighausen, Nils O. Abeling, Valentin Zauner-Stauber, Jad C. Halimeh

The existence or absence of non-analytic cusps in the Loschmidt-echo return rate is traditionally employed to distinguish between a regular dynamical phase (regular cusps) and a trivial phase (no cusps) in quantum spin chains after a global quench. However, numerical evidence in a recent study [J. C. Halimeh and V. Zauner-Stauber, arXiv:1610.02019] suggests

Geoffrey Roeder, Yuhuai Wu, David Duvenaud

We propose a simple and general variant of the standard reparameterized gradient estimator for the variational evidence lower bound. Specifically, we remove a part of the total derivative with respect to the variational parameters that corresponds to the score function. Removing this term produces an unbiased gradient estimator whose variance approaches zero

Wolfgang Altmannshofer, Christoph Niehoff, Peter Stangl, David M. Straub

Motivated by recent results by the ATLAS and CMS collaborations on the angular distribution of the $B \to K^* μ^+μ^-$ decay, we perform a state-of-the-art analysis of rare $B$ meson decays based on the $b \to s μμ$ transition. Using standard estimates of hadronic uncertainties, we confirm the presence of a sizable discrepancy between data and SM predictions.

P. Batyuk, Iu. Karpenko, R. Lednicky, L. Malinina

Correlation femtoscopy allows one to measure the space-time characteristics of particle production in relativistic heavy-ion collisions due to the effects of quantum statistics (QS) and final state interactions (FSI). The main features of the femtoscopy measurements at top RHIC and LHC energies are considered as a manifestation of strong collective flow and

J. Ignacio Cirac, David Perez-Garcia, Norbert Schuch, Frank Verstraete

Matrix Product Vectors form the appropriate framework to study and classify one-dimensional quantum systems. In this work, we develop the structure theory of Matrix Product Unitary operators (MPUs) which appear e.g. in the description of time evolutions of one-dimensional systems. We prove that all MPUs have a strict causal cone, making them Quantum Cellular

Hsiou-Yuan Liu, Jingshan Zhong, Laura Waller

Optical phase-space functions describe spatial and angular information simultaneously; examples include light fields in ray optics and Wigner functions in wave optics. Measurement of phase-space enables digital refocusing, aberration removal and 3D reconstruction. High-resolution capture of 4D phase-space datasets is, however, challenging. Previous scanning

Shripad Gade, Nitin H. Vaidya

This paper considers a distributed multi-agent optimization problem, with the global objective consisting of the sum of local objective functions of the agents. The agents solve the optimization problem using local computation and communication between adjacent agents in the network. We present two randomized iterative algorithms for distributed optimization

Keunwoo Choi, György Fazekas, Mark Sandler, Kyunghyun Cho

In this paper, we present a transfer learning approach for music classification and regression tasks. We propose to use a pre-trained convnet feature, a concatenated feature vector using the activations of feature maps of multiple layers in a trained convolutional network. We show how this convnet feature can serve as general-purpose music representation. In

Alexey Korepanov

We prove the almost sure invariance principle with rate $o(n^{\varepsilon})$ for every $\varepsilon > 0$ for Hölder continuous observables on nonuniformly expanding and nonuniformly hyperbolic transformations with exponential tails. Examples include Gibbs-Markov maps with big images, Axiom A diffeomorphisms, dispersing billiards and a class of logistic and H

Maciej R. Molas, Karol Nogajewski, Marek Potemski, Adam Babinski

Resonant Raman scattering is investigated in monolayer WS$_2$ at low temperature with the aid of an unconventional spectroscopy technique, $i.e.$, Raman scattering excitation (RSE). The RSE spectrum is made up by sweeping the excitation energy, when the detection energy is fixed in resonance with excitonic transitions related to neutral and/or charged excito

Yunied Puig

Motivated by a question posed by Sophie Grivaux concerning the regularity of the orbits of frequently hypercylic operators, we show the following: for any operator $T$ on a separable metrizable and complete topological vector space $X$ which is both frequently hypercyclic and piecewise syndetic hypercyclic, the lower density and upper Banach density of the r

Lauren Bandklayder

The Dold$-$Thom theorem states that for a sufficiently nice topological space, M, there is an isomorphism between the homotopy groups of the infinite symmetric product of M and the homology groups of M itself. The crux of most known proofs of this is to check that a certain map is a quasi-fibration. It is our goal to present a more direct proof of the Dold$-

Alejandro Ibarra, Andreas Rappelt

We present a method to calculate, without making assumptions about the local dark matter velocity distribution, the maximal and minimal number of signal events in a direct detection experiment given a set of constraints from other direct detection experiments and/or neutrino telescopes. The method also allows to determine the velocity distribution that optim

Xuehang Zheng, Saiprasad Ravishankar, Yong Long, Jeffrey A. Fessler

The development of computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction methods that significantly reduce patient radiation exposure while maintaining high image quality is an important area of research in low-dose CT (LDCT) imaging. We propose a new penalized weighted least squares (PWLS) reconstruction method that exploits regularization based on an efficient Uni