March 2017 arXiv papers — page 20

Naotaka Kajino

Given a symmetric Dirichlet form $(\mathcal{E},\mathcal{F})$ on a (non-trivial) $σ$-finite measure space $(E,\mathcal{B},m)$ with associated Markovian semigroup $\{T_{t}\}_{t\in(0,\infty)}$, we prove that $(\mathcal{E},\mathcal{F})$ is both irreducible and recurrent if and only if there is no non-constant $\mathcal{B}$-measurable function $u:E\to[0,\infty]$

Paolo Gondolo, Stefano Scopel

We present a halo-independent determination of the unmodulated signal corresponding to the DAMA modulation if interpreted as due to dark matter weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). First we show how a modulated signal gives information on the WIMP velocity distribution function in the Galactic rest frame, from which the unmodulated signal descends.

Yiqi Zhang, Yaroslav V. Kartashov, Feng Li, Zhaoyang Zhang

We address edge states and rich localization regimes available in the one-dimensional (1D) dynamically modulated superlattices, both theoretically and numerically. In contrast to conventional lattices with straight waveguides, the quasi-energy band of infinite modulated superlattice is periodic not only in the transverse Bloch momentum, but it also changes p

Valentin Bura, Tim French, Mark Reynolds

We consider previous models of Timed, Probabilistic and Stochastic Timed Automata, we introduce our model of Timed Automata with Polynomial Delay and we characterize the expressiveness of these models relative to each other.

Adrien Fauré, Shizuo Kaji

Many discrete models of biological networks rely exclusively on Boolean variables and many tools and theorems are available for analysis of strictly Boolean models. However, multilevel variables are often required to account for threshold effects, in which knowledge of the Boolean case does not generalise straightforwardly. This motivated the development of

Misael Avendaño-Camacho, José A. Vallejo, Yury Vorobiev

We present a detailed analysis of the orbital stability of the Pais-Uhlenbeck oscillator, using Lie-Deprit series and Hamiltonian normal form theories. In particular, we explicitly describe the reduced phase space for this Hamiltonian system and give a proof for the existence of stable orbits for a certain class of self-interaction, found numerically in prev

Erel Segal-Halevi, Balázs Sziklai

In the classic cake-cutting problem (Steinhaus, 1948), a heterogeneous resource has to be divided among n agents with different valuations in a proportional way --- giving each agent a piece with a value of at least 1/n of the total. In many applications, such as dividing a land-estate or a time-interval, it is also important that the pieces are connected. W

Z. J. Zheng, Q. Y. Peng

Fringes often appear in a CCD frame, especially when a thin CCD chip and a R or I filter is used. 88 CCD frames of the two open clusters NGC 2324 and NGC 1664 with a Johnson I filter taken from the 2.4-m telescope at Yunnan Observatory are used to study the fringes' impacts to the astrometry and photometry of stars. A novel technique proposed by Snodgras

Naveen Sundar Govindarajulu, Selmer Bringsjord

The doctrine of double effect ($\mathcal{DDE}$) is a long-studied ethical principle that governs when actions that have both positive and negative effects are to be allowed. The goal in this paper is to automate $\mathcal{DDE}$. We briefly present $\mathcal{DDE}$, and use a first-order modal logic, the deontic cognitive event calculus, as our framework to fo

Lechuan Hu, Norbert Fortin, Hernando Ombao

Our goal is to model and measure functional and effective (directional) connectivity in multichannel brain physiological signals (e.g., electroencephalograms, local field potentials). The difficulties from analyzing these data mainly come from two aspects: first, there are major statistical and computational challenges for modeling and analyzing high dimensi

Fatih Cakir, Kun He, Sarah Adel Bargal, Stan Sclaroff

Learning-based hashing methods are widely used for nearest neighbor retrieval, and recently, online hashing methods have demonstrated good performance-complexity trade-offs by learning hash functions from streaming data. In this paper, we first address a key challenge for online hashing: the binary codes for indexed data must be recomputed to keep pace with

Guanheng Chen

In this article, we reformulate the cobordism map of embedded contact homology, which is induced by exact symplectic cobordism and defined as direct limit of homomorphisms called filtered ECH cobordism map. The filtered ECH cobordism map is defined by counting embedded holomorphic curves with zero ECH index and we prove that it is independent on almost compl

L. D. Valdez, G. J. Sibona, L. A. Diaz, M. S. Contigiani

The dynamics of a mosquito population depends heavily on climatic variables such as temperature and precipitation. Since climate change models predict that global warming will impact on the frequency and intensity of rainfall, it is important to understand how these variables affect the mosquito populations. We present a model of the dynamics of a {\it Culex

Jing Lou, Huan Wang, Longtao Chen, Fenglei Xu

In this paper, we will investigate the contribution of color names for the task of salient object detection. An input image is first converted to color name space, which is consisted of 11 probabilistic channels. By exploiting a surroundedness cue, we obtain a saliency map through a linear combination of a set of sequential attention maps. To overcome the li

Zhaofeng Kang, Jinmian Li, Mengchao Zhang

A light stop around the weak scale is a hopeful messenger of natural supersymmetry (SUSY), but it has not shown up at the current stage of LHC. Such a situation raises the question of the fate of natural SUSY. Actually, a relatively light stop can easily be hidden in a compressed spectra such as mild mass degeneracy between stop and neutralino plus top quark

Piotr Hajłasz

We prove that for $n\geq 2$, the Lipschitz homotopy group $π_{n+1}^{\rm Lip}(\mathbb{H}^n)\neq 0$ of the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^n$ is nontrivial.

Ailidani Ailijiang, Aleksey Charapko, Murat Demirbas, Tevfik Kosar

WPaxos is a multileader Paxos protocol that provides low-latency and high-throughput consensus across wide-area network (WAN) deployments. WPaxos uses multileaders, and partitions the object-space among these multileaders. Unlike statically partitioned multiple Paxos deployments, WPaxos is able to adapt to the changing access locality through object stealing

Danilo Dominguez Perez, Wei Le

One of the challenges of analyzing, testing and debugging Android apps is that the potential execution orders of callbacks are missing from the apps' source code. However, bugs, vulnerabilities and refactoring transformations have been found to be related to callback sequences. Existing work on control flow analysis of Android apps have mainly focused on

Taylor Arnold

The package cleanNLP provides a set of fast tools for converting a textual corpus into a set of normalized tables. The underlying natural language processing pipeline utilizes Stanford's CoreNLP library, exposing a number of annotation tasks for text written in English, French, German, and Spanish. Annotators include tokenization, part of speech tagging,

Takahiro Ohgoe, Masatoshi Imada

Using a variational Monte Carlo method, we study competitions of strong electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions in the ground state of Holstein-Hubbard model on a square lattice. At half filling, an extended intermediate metallic or weakly superconducting (SC) phase emerges, sandwiched by antiferromagnetic and charge order (CO) insulating phases.

Peng Lin, Wei Ren, Chunhua Yang, Weihua Gui

This paper is devoted to distributed continuous-time and discrete-time optimization problems with nonuniform convex constraint sets and nonuniform stepsizes for general differentiable convex objective functions. The communication graphs are not required to be strongly connected at any time, the gradients of the local objective functions are not required to b

Sergio Andres Vallejo, Antonio Enea Romano

Number counts observations available with new surveys such as the Euclid mission will be an important source of information about the metric of the Universe. We compute the low red-shift expansion for the energy density and the density contrast using an exact spherically symmetric solution in presence of a cosmological constant. At low red-shift the expansio

Jeffrey C. Everts, Sela Samin, Nina. A. Elbers, Jessi E. S. van der Hoeven

We theoretically and experimentally investigate colloid-oil-water-interface interactions of charged, sterically stabilized, poly(methyl-methacrylate) colloidal particles dispersed in a low-polar oil (dielectric constant $ε=5-10$) that is in contact with an adjacent water phase. In this model system, the colloidal particles cannot penetrate the oil-water inte

Jun Yan

We present a framework to calculate large deviations for nonlinear functions of independent random variables supported on compact sets in Banach spaces, by extending the result in Chatterjee and Dembo [6]. Previous research on nonlinear large deviations has only focused on random variables supported on $\{-1,+1\}^{n}$, a small subset of random objects people

S. Iyikalender, A. Siddiki

Perception, sensation and re-action are central questions both in Psychology, Arts, Neurology and Physics. Some hundred years ago, believed to start with Wertheimer, researchers and artists tried to classify our human being "understanding" of Nature, in terms of \emph{Gestalt} principles. During same period \emph{Quantum} mechanics were developed by

Yi Yang, Stefan Bruns, Melania Rogowska, Sepideh S. Hakim

The dissolution of porous materials in a flow field shapes the morphologies of many geologic landscapes. Identifying the dissolution front, the interface between the reactive and the unreactive regions in a dissolving medium, is a prerequisite for studying dissolution kinetics. Despite its fundamental importance, the dynamics of a dissolution front in an evo

Y. Yang, S. S. Hakim, S. Bruns, M. Rogowska

The dissolution of porous media in a geologic formation induced by the injection of massive amounts of CO2 can undermine the mechanical stability of the formation structure before carbon mineralization takes place. The geomechanical impact of geologic carbon storage is therefore closely related to the structural sustainability of the chosen reservoir as well

Y. Yang, S. S. Hakim, S. Bruns, K. Uesugi

Growth of wormholes in porous media can lead to self-organization of flow networks with an overwhelming geometric complexity. Despite decades of study, the mechanism by which a dominant wormhole develops its path during growth remains elusive. Here we show that the trajectory of a growing wormhole can be predicted by identifying the flowpath with a so-called

Yi Yang, Stefan Bruns, Susan Stipp, Henning Sørensen

When reactive fluids flow through a dissolving porous medium, conductive channels form, leading to fluid breakthrough. This phenomenon is important in geologic carbon storage, where the dissolution of CO2 in water increases the acidity and produce microstructures significantly different from those in an intact reservoir. We demonstrate the controlling mechan

Yi Yang, Stefan Bruns, Susan Stipp, Henning Sørensen

Reactive infiltration instability (RII) drives the development of many natural and engineered flow systems. These are encountered e.g. in hydraulic fracturing, geologic carbon storage and well stimulation in enhanced oil recovery. The surface area of the rocks changes as the pore structure evolves. We combined a reactor network model with grey scale tomograp

Yi Yang, Stefan Bruns, Susan Stipp, Henning Sørensen

The tendency of irreversible processes to generate entropy is the ultimate driving force for the evolution of nature. In engineering, entropy production is often used as a measure of usable energy losses. In this study we show that the analysis of the entropy production patterns can help understand the vastly diversified experimental observations of water-ro

Joseph Sullivan

We consider the intermediate and end state behavior of the superradiantly perturbed Kerr black hole. Superradiant scattering in an asymptotically flat background is considered first. The case of a Kerr black hole in an Anti de-Sitter background is then discussed. Specifically we review what is known about the superradiant instability arising in AdS and its p

Giuseppe Labate, Andrea Alù, Ladislau Matekovits

In this paper, we address non-radiating and cloaking problems exploiting the surface equivalence principle, by imposing at any arbitrary boundary the control of the admittance discontinuity between the overall object (with or without cloak) and the background. After a rigorous demonstration, we apply this model to a non-radiating problem, appealing for anapo

G. Toscani

{The numerical approximation of the solution of the Fokker--Planck equation is a challenging problem that has been extensively investigated starting from the pioneering paper of Chang and Cooper in 1970. We revisit this problem at the light of the approximation of the solution to the heat equation proposed by Rosenau in 1992. Further, by means of the same id

Thomas Schachinger, Stefan Löffler, Michael Stöger-Pollach, Peter Schattschneider

Standard electron optics predicts Larmor image rotation in the magnetic lens field of a TEM. Introducing the possibility to produce electron vortex beams with quantized orbital angular momentum brought up the question of their rotational dynamics in the presence of a magnetic field. Recently, it has been shown that electron vortex beams can be prepared as fr

AmirMahyar Khorasani

Ti and Ti-Based alloys have unique properties such as high strength, low density and excellent corrosion resistance. These properties are essential for the manufacture of lightweight and high strength components for biomedical applications. In this paper, Ti properties such as metallurgy, mechanical properties, surface modification, corrosion resistance, bio

Qingyin Ma, John Stachurski

Building on insights of Jovanovic (1982) and subsequent authors, we develop a comprehensive theory of optimal timing of decisions based around continuation value functions and operators that act on them. Optimality results are provided under general settings, with bounded or unbounded reward functions. This approach has several intrinsic advantages that we e

Rinaldo M. Colombo, Helge Holden

We show the existence of the Braess paradox for a traffic network with nonlinear dynamics described by the Lighthill-Whitham-Richards model for traffic flow. Furthermore, we show how one can employ control theory to avoid the paradox. The paper offers a general framework applicable to time-independent, uncongested flow on networks. These ideas are illustrate

A. P. Engsig-Karup, C. Monteserin, C. Eskilsson

We present a new stabilised and efficient high-order nodal spectral element method based on the Mixed Eulerian Lagrangian (MEL) method for general-purpose simulation of fully nonlinear water waves and wave-body interactions. In this MEL formulation a standard Laplace formulation is used to handle arbitrary body shapes using unstructured - possibly hybrid - m

Marina Cortês, Lee Smolin

In 1979 Penrose hypothesized that the arrows of time are explained by the hypothesis that the fundamental laws are time irreversible. That is, our reversible laws, such as the standard model and general relativity are effective, and emerge from an underlying fundamental theory which is time irreversible. In Cortês and Smolin (2014a, 2014b, 2016) we put forwa

Divya Shyam Singha, G. B. L. Chowdarya, D Roy Mahapatraa

This paper presents real-time vibration based identification technique using measured frequency response functions(FRFs) under random vibration loading. Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are trained to map damage fingerprints to damage characteristic parameters. Principal component statistical analysis(PCA) technique was used to tackle the problem of high di

S. Sangeeth, J. C. Mandal

A simple robust genuinely multidimensional convective pressure split (CPS) , contact preserving, shock stable Riemann solver (GM-K-CUSP-X) for Euler equations of gas dynamics is developed. The convective and pressure components of the Euler system are separated following the Toro-Vazquez type PDE flux splitting [Toro et al, 2012]. Upwind discretization of th

Ehsan Khodapanah

This paper presents a product to sum approach for a fast and efficient matrix filling in a hierarchical finite-element method (FEM). Due to the existence of a coupling factor arising from the material and Jacobian inhomogeneities in curved inhomogeneous elements, the calculation of the FEM matrix elements should be carried out through full multidimensional i

Lutz Hille, David Ploog

We introduce the notion of exact tilting objects, which are partial tilting objects $T$ inducing an equivalence between the abelian category generated by $T$ and the category of modules over the endomorphism algebra of $T$. Given a chain of sufficiently negative rational curves on a rational surface, we construct an exceptional sequence whose universal exten

Nandana Weliweriya, Eleanor C Sayre, Dean A Zollman

Pencasts are videos of problem solving with narration by the problem solver. Pedagogically, students can create pencasts to illustrate their own problem solving to the instructor or to their peers. Pencasts have implications for teaching at multiple levels from elementary grades through university courses. In this article, we describe the use of pencasts in

S. Hengst, J. P. Marshall, J. Horner, S. C. Marsden

Debris discs are the dusty aftermath of planet formation processes around main-sequence stars. Analysis of these discs is often hampered by the absence of any meaningful constraint on the location and spatial extent of the disc around its host star. Multi-wavelength, resolved imaging ameliorates the degeneracies inherent in the modelling process, making such

Carlos J. Vargas, George Heald, Rene A. M. Walterbos, Filippo Fraternali

We use new deep 21 cm HI observations of the moderately inclined galaxy NGC 4559 in the HALOGAS survey to investigate the properties of extra-planar gas. We use TiRiFiC to construct simulated data cubes to match the HI observations. We find that a thick disk component of scale height $\sim\,2\,\mathrm{kpc}$, characterized by a negative vertical gradient in i

Huong Ha, James S. Welsh, Mazen Alamir

This paper proposes an algorithm to estimate the parameters, including time delay, of continuous time systems based on instrumental variable identification methods. To overcome the multiple local minima of the cost function associated with the estimation of a time delay system, we utilise the useful redundancy technique. Specifically, the cost function is fi

Martin Klein, Herbert Van de Sompel

Archival efforts such as (C)LOCKSS and Portico are in place to ensure the longevity of traditional scholarly resources like journal articles. At the same time, researchers are depositing a broad variety of other scholarly artifacts into emerging online portals that are designed to support web-based scholarship. These web-native scholarly objects are largely

Fei Jiang, Xiao-Yang Liu, Hongtao Lu, Ruimin Shen

Sparse coding (SC) is an unsupervised learning scheme that has received an increasing amount of interests in recent years. However, conventional SC vectorizes the input images, which destructs the intrinsic spatial structures of the images. In this paper, we propose a novel graph regularized tensor sparse coding (GTSC) for image representation. GTSC preserve

DaeKil Park

On the analytic ground we examine a physical mechanism how particle velocity can protect an entanglement when quantum system is embedded in Markovian or non-Markovian environment. In particular the effect of particle velocity is examined in the entanglement sudden death (ESD) and revival of entanglement (ROE) phenomena. Even though particles move fast, the E

Raoul D. Schram, Gerard T. Barkema, Rob H. Bisseling, Nathan Clisby

Self-avoiding walks on the body-centered-cubic (BCC) and face-centered-cubic (FCC) lattices are enumerated up to lengths 28 and 24, respectively, using the length-doubling method. Analysis of the enumeration results yields values for the exponents $γ$ and $ν$ which are in agreement with, but less accurate than those obtained earlier from enumeration results

Jose F. S. Bravo Ferreira, Yuehaw Khoo, Amit Singer

The matching problem between two adjacency matrices can be formulated as the NP-hard quadratic assignment problem (QAP). Previous work on semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxations to the QAP have produced solutions that are often tight in practice, but such SDPs typically scale badly, involving matrix variables of dimension $n^2$ where n is the number of no

Natacha Leite, Carmelo Evoli, Marta D'Angelo, Benedetta Ciardi

Cosmic rays (CRs) govern the energetics of present-day galaxies and might have also played a pivotal role during the Epoch of Reionization. In particular, energy deposition by low-energy ($E \lesssim 10$ MeV) CRs accelerated by the first supernovae, might have heated and ionized the neutral intergalactic medium (IGM) well before ($z \approx 20$) it was reion

Y. Zhao, S. Ahmed, J. Sirker

We study fermionic ladders with identical disorder along the leg direction. Following recent experiments we focus, in particular, on how an initial occupation imbalance evolves in time. By considering different initial states and different ladder geometries we conclude that in generic cases interchain coupling leads to a destruction of the imbalance over tim

David J Peterson, Philip Kraus, Thai Cheng Chua, Lynda Larson

Electron neutral collision frequency is measured using both grounded and floating hairpin resonator probes in a 27 MHz parallel plate capacitively coupled plasma (CCP). Operating conditions are 0.1-2 Torr (13.3-267 Pa) in Ar, He, and Ar-He gas mixtures. The method treats the hairpin probe as a two wire transmission line immersed in a dielectric medium. A min

James J. Madden

We show that if the neighbor complex, as defined by H.~Scarf, of an infinite subset of $\Z^n$ has finite dimension, then each vertex has finitely many neighbors.

Tomohiko Ishida

We prove that the set of symmetrized conjugacy classes of the kernel of the Calabi homomorphism on the group of area-preserving diffeomorphisms of the $2$-disk is not quasi-isometric to the half line.

Joaquín Díaz Boils

A categorical point of view about minimization in subrecursive classes is presented by extending the concept of Symmetric Monoidal Comprehension to that of Distributive Minimization Comprehension. This is achieved by endowing the former with coproducts and a finality condition for coalgebras over the endofunctor sending X to ${1}\oplus{X}$ to perform a safe

Anastasios Sidiropoulos, Vijay Sridhar

We study algorithmic problems on subsets of Euclidean space of low fractal dimension. These spaces are the subject of intensive study in various branches of mathematics, including geometry, topology, and measure theory. There are several well-studied notions of fractal dimension for sets and measures in Euclidean space. We consider a definition of fractal di

Raúl Emilio Vidal

We study the following nonlocal diffusion equation in the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}_n$, \[ u_t(z,s,t)=J\ast u(z,s,t)-u(z,s,t), \] where $\ast$ denote convolution product and $J$ satisfies appropriated hypothesis. For the Cauchy problem we obtain that the asymptotic behavior of the solutions is the same form that the one for the heat equation in the Heisen

XiaoCheng Mi, Andrew J. Higgins, Hoi Dick Ng, Charles B. Kiyanda

Detonation propagation in a compressible medium wherein the energy release has been made spatially inhomogeneous is examined via numerical simulation. The inhomogeneity is introduced via step functions in the reaction progress variable, with the local value of energy release correspondingly increased so as to maintain the same average energy density in the m

John P. D'Angelo, Ming Xiao

We introduce the Hermitian-invariant group $Γ_f$ of a proper rational map $f$ between the unit ball in complex Euclidean space and a generalized ball in a space of typically higher dimension. We use properties of the groups to define the crucial new concepts of essential map and the source rank of a map. We prove that every finite subgroup of the source auto

Jacques P Vallee

Many features near the Galactic Center have been called 3-kiloparsec arms. We reached a point of having too many divergent data, making it difficult to be constrained by a single physical model. Their differing characteristics suggest different physical and dynamical objects. Radial velocity data on the so-called 3-kpc arms do not coincide with radial veloci

Katarzyna Mazur, Bogdan Ksiezopolski

Information management is one of the most significant issues in nowadays data centers. Selection of appropriate software, security mechanisms and effective energy consumption management together with caring for the environment enforces a profound analysis of the considered system. Besides these factors, financial analysis of data center maintenance is anothe

Rahmtin Rotabi, Cristian Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil, Jon Kleinberg

An active line of research has used on-line data to study the ways in which discrete units of information---including messages, photos, product recommendations, group invitations---spread through social networks. There is relatively little understanding, however, of how on-line data might help in studying the diffusion of more complex {\em practices}---rough

Patrick Slane

The extended nebulae formed as pulsar winds expand into their surroundings provide information about the composition of the winds, the injection history from the host pulsar, and the material into which the nebulae are expanding. Observations from across the electromagnetic spectrum provide constraints on the evolution of the nebulae, the density and composi

Dennis Huang, Jennifer E. Hoffman

Epitaxial engineering of solid-state heterointerfaces is a leading avenue to realizing enhanced or novel electronic states of matter. As a recent example, bulk FeSe is an unconventional superconductor with a modest transition temperature ($T_c$) of 9 K. When a single atomic layer of FeSe is grown on SrTiO$_3$, however, its $T_c$ can skyrocket by an order of

Shlomi Matityahu, Jürgen Lisenfeld, Alexander Bilmes, Alexander Shnirman

Understanding the nature of two-level tunneling defects is important for minimizing their disruptive effects in various nano-devices. By exploiting the resonant coupling of these defects to a superconducting qubit, one can probe and coherently manipulate them individually. In this work we utilize a phase qubit to induce Rabi oscillations of single tunneling

Shlomo E. Chazan, Jacob Goldberger, Sharon Gannot

In this study we present a Deep Mixture of Experts (DMoE) neural-network architecture for single microphone speech enhancement. By contrast to most speech enhancement algorithms that overlook the speech variability mainly caused by phoneme structure, our framework comprises a set of deep neural networks (DNNs), each one of which is an 'expert' in enh

Joy Morris, Josh Tymburski

For any finite group $G$, a natural question to ask is the order of the smallest possible automorphism group for a Cayley graph on $G$. A particular Cayley graph whose automorphism group has this order is referred to as an MRR (Most Rigid Representation), and its Cayley index is a numerical indicator of this value. Study of GRRs showed that with the exceptio

Behrooz Makki, Tommy Svensson, Maite Brandt-Pearce, Mohamed-Slim Alouini

This paper studies the performance of multi-hop and mesh networks composed of millimeter wave (MMW)-based radio frequency (RF) and free-space optical (FSO) links. The results are obtained in cases with and without hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ). Taking the MMW characteristics of the RF links into account, we derive closed-form expressions for the net

Zbigniew Błocki, Włodzimierz Zwonek

Carleson showed that the Bergman space for a domain on the plane is trivial if and only if its complement is polar. Here we give a quantitative version of this result. One is the Suita conjecture, established by the first-named author in 2012, the other is an upper bound for the Bergman kernel in terms of logarithmic capacity. We give some other estimates fo

Jiří Hladůvka, Bui Thi Mai Phuong, Richard Ljuhar, Davul Ljuhar

The relationship between knee osteoarthritis progression and changes in tibial bone structure has long been recognized and various texture descriptors have been proposed to detect early osteoarthritis (OA) from radiographs. This work aims to investigate (1) femoral textures as an OA indicator and (2) the potential of entropy as a computationally efficient al

Claire McIlroy, Peter Olmsted

Although 3D printing has the potential to transform manufacturing processes, the strength of printed parts often does not rival that of traditionally-manufactured parts. The fused-filament fabrication method involves melting a thermoplastic, followed by layer-by-layer extrusion of the molten viscoelastic material to fabricate a three-dimensional object. The

Thorsten Weber, Thomas Kiel, Stephan Irsen, Kurt Busch

In this manuscript we report on a near-feld study of two-dimensional plasmonic gold nano-wedges using electron energy loss spectroscopy in combination with scanning transmission electron microscopy, as well as discontinuous Galerkin time-domain computations. With increasing nano-wedge size, we observe a transition from localized surface plasmons on small nan

B. Alkadour, J. I. Mercer, J. P. Whitehead, B. W. Southern

A series of atomistic finite temperature simulations on a model of an FCC lattice of maghemite nanoparticles using the stochastic Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (sLLG) equation are presented. The model exhibits a ferromagnetic transition that is in good agreement with theoretical expectations. The simulations also reveal an orientational disorder in the orientation

A. Deltuva, D. Jurčiukonis, E. Norvaišas

${}^{20}\mathrm{O}(d,p){}^{21}\mathrm{O}$ transfer reactions are described using momentum-space Faddeev-type equations for transition operators and including the vibrational excitation of the ${}^{20}\mathrm{O}$ core. The available experimental cross section data at 10.5 MeV/nucleon beam energy for the ${}^{21}\mathrm{O}$ ground state $\frac52^+$ and excited

David M. Wilkins, David E. Manolopoulos, Sylvie Roke, Michele Ceriotti

Long-range ion induced water-water correlations were recently observed in femtosecond elastic second harmonic scattering experiments of electrolyte solutions. To further the qualitative understanding of these correlations, we derive an analytical expression that quantifies ion induced dipole-dipole correlations in a non-interacting gas of dipoles. This model

Joel Mazer

The hot, dense and strongly interacting medium known as the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) is produced in relativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Early in the collisions, quarks and gluons from the incoming nuclei collide to produce high momentum partons which fragment into collimated sprays of hadrons called "jets". In pp col

Philip D. Mannheim

In applications of Einstein gravity one replaces the quantum-mechanical energy-momentum tensor of sources such as the degenerate electrons in a white dwarf or the black-body photons in the microwave background by c-number matrix elements. And not only that, one ignores the zero-point fluctuations in these sources by only retaining the normal-ordered parts of

Tom Louden, Peter J. Wheatley, Patrick G. J. Irwin, James Kirk

We have measured a precise optical transmission spectrum for WASP-52b, a highly inflated hot Jupiter with an equilibrium temperature of 1300 K. Two transits of the planet were observed spectroscopically at low resolution with the auxiliary-port camera (ACAM) on the William Herschel Telescope (WHT), covering a wide range of 4000-8750 Å. We use a Gaussian proc

Ivan Hubeny

We present an outline of basic assumptions and governing structural equations describing atmospheres of substellar mass objects, in particular the extrasolar giant planets and brown dwarfs. Although most of the presentation of the physical and numerical background is generic, details of the implementation pertain mostly to the code CoolTlusty. We also presen

Bernard Gottschalk

Using parametric analysis (curve fitting) we find a persistent temperature bump, coincident with World War II (WW2), in eight independent time series, four land- and four ocean-based. We fit the data with a Gaussian on a quadratic background. Six parameters (constant, linear and quadratic background terms and the amplitude, position and width of the Gaussian

Yiannis Giannakopoulos, Elias Koutsoupias, Philip Lazos

We study a dynamic market setting where an intermediary interacts with an unknown large sequence of agents that can be either sellers or buyers: their identities, as well as the sequence length $n$, are decided in an adversarial, online way. Each agent is interested in trading a single item, and all items in the market are identical. The intermediary has som

Evgeny Andriyash, Mohammad H. Amin

Recent theoretical and experimental studies have suggested that quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulation can behave similarly to quantum annealing (QA). The theoretical analysis was based on calculating transition rates between local minima, in the large spin limit using WentzelKramers-Brillouin (WKB) approximation, for highly symmetric systems of ferromagnetica

Christian Nassau

We study the Grassmann manifold $G_k$ of all $k$-dimensional subspaces of ${\mathbb R}^n$. The Cartan embedding $G_k\subset O(n)$ realizes $G_k$ as a subspace of $Sl_n({\mathbb R})$ and we study the decomposition $G_k=\coprod_w (BwB\cap G_k)$ inherited from the classical Bruhat decomposition. We prove that this defines a CW structure on $G_k$ and determine t

Md. Manarul Haque, Sahabuddin Sarwardi

The present paper deals with a prey-predator model with prey refuge proportion to both species and independent harvesting of each species. Our study shows that using refuge as control, it can break the limit circle of the system and reach the required state of equilibrium level. It is established the optimal harvesting policy. The boundedness, feasibility of

Friedrich K. Roepke

Type Ia supernovae are associated with thermonuclear explosions of white dwarf stars. Combustion processes convert material in nuclear reactions and release the energy required to explode the stars. At the same time, they produce the radioactive species that power radiation and give rise to the formation of the observables. Therefore, the physical mechanism

Brian S. Lee, Mian Zhang, Felippe A. S. Barbosa, Steven A. Miller

Suspended optical microresonators are promising devices for on-chip photonic applications such as radio-frequency oscillators, optical frequency combs, and sensors. Scaling up these devices demand the capability to tune the optical resonances in an integrated manner. Here, we design and experimentally demonstrate integrated on-chip thermo-optic tuning of sus

Ioannis Florakis, John Rizos

We present a solution to the decompactification problem of gauge thresholds in chiral heterotic string theories with two large extra dimensions, where supersymmetry is spontaneously broken by the Scherk-Schwarz mechanism. Whenever the Kaluza-Klein scale is much lower than the string scale, the infinite towers of heavy states contribute non-trivially to the r

Sebastian Acosta, Benjamin Palacios

In this article we study the inverse problem of thermoacoustic tomography (TAT) on a medium with attenuation represented by a time- convolution (or memory) term, and whose consideration is motivated by the modeling of ultrasound waves in heterogeneous tissue via fractional derivatives with spatially dependent parameters. Under the assumption of being able to

E. J. Ferrer

Compact stars with significant high densities in their interiors can give rise to quark deconfined phases that can open a window for the study of strongly interacting dense nuclear matter. Recent observations on the mass of two pulsars, PSR J1614-2230 and PSR J0348+0432, have posed a great restriction on their composition, since their equations of state must

Ignacio Cascos, Ilya Molchanov

Bands of vector-valued functions $f:T\mapsto\mathbb{R}^d$ are defined by considering convex hulls generated by their values concatenated at $m$ different values of the argument. The obtained $m$-bands are families of functions, ranging from the conventional band in case the time points are individually considered (for $m=1$) to the convex hull in the functio

M. Fathi, S. Jalalzadeh

How the time evolution which is typical for classical cosmology emerges from quantum cosmology? The answer is not trivial because the Wheeler-DeWitt equation is time independent. A framework associating the quantum Hamilton-Jacobi to the minisuperspace cosmological models has been introduced in [1]. In this paper, we show that time dependence and quantum-cla

B. Ambrosio, M. A. Aziz-Alaoui, R. Yafia

Geometrical Singular Perturbation Theory has been successful to investigate a broad range of biological problems with different time scales. The aim of this paper is to apply this theory to a predator-prey model of modified Leslie-Gower type for which we consider that prey reproduces mush faster than predators. This naturally leads to introduce a small param

Boyce E. Griffith

The immersed boundary (IB) method is a mathematical and numerical framework for problems of fluid-structure interaction, treating the particular case in which an elastic structure is immersed in a viscous incompressible fluid. The IB approach to such problems is to describe the elasticity of the immersed structure in Lagrangian form, and to describe the mome

Zahra Khatami, Hartmut Kaiser, J. Ramanujam

Maximizing parallelism level in applications can be achieved by minimizing overheads due to load imbalances and waiting time due to memory latencies. Compiler optimization is one of the most effective solutions to tackle this problem. The compiler is able to detect the data dependencies in an application and is able to analyze the specific sections of code f

Alex Patchkoria

We relate the old and new cohomology monoids of an arbitrary monoid $M$ with coefficients in semimodules over $M$, introduced in the author's previous papers, to monoid and group extensions. More precisely, the old and new second cohomology monoids describe Schreier extensions of semimodules by monoids, and the new third cohomology monoid is related to a

Alexander H. O. Wada, Mário J. de Oliveira

We have studied the critical properties of the contact process on a square lattice with quenched site dilution by Monte Carlo simulations. This was achieved by generating in advance the percolating cluster, through the use of an appropriate epidemic model, and then by the simulation of the contact process on the top of the percolating cluster. The dynamic cr