March 2018 arXiv papers — page 3

Michael J. Gullans, David A. Huse

When an extended system is coupled at its opposite boundaries to two reservoirs at different temperatures or chemical potentials, it cannot achieve a global thermal equilibrium and is instead driven to a set of current-carrying nonequilibrium states. Despite the broad relevance of such a scenario to metallic systems, there have been limited investigations of

Lorenzo Calibbi, Robert Ziegler, Jure Zupan

We construct models with minimal field content that can simultaneously explain the muon g-2 anomaly and give the correct dark matter relic abundance. These models fall into two general classes, whether or not the new fields couple to the Higgs. For the general structure of models without new Higgs couplings, we provide analytical expressions that only depend

Santiago Varona, Laura Ortiz, Oscar Viyuela, Miguel Angel Martin-Delgado

We compute the topological phase diagram of 2D tetragonal superconductors for the only possible nodeless pairing channels compatible with that crystal symmetry. Subject to a Zeeman field and spin-orbit coupling, we demonstrate that these superconductors show surprising topological features: non-trivial high Chern numbers, massive edge states, and zero-energy

T. W. -S. Holoien, J. S. Brown, K. Auchettl, C. S. Kochanek

We present late-time optical spectroscopy and X-ray, UV, and optical photometry of the nearby ($d=214$ Mpc, $z=0.0479$) tidal disruption event (TDE) ASASSN-15oi. The optical spectra span 450 days after discovery and show little remaining transient emission or evolution after roughly 3 months. In contrast, the Swift and XMM-Newton observations indicate the pr

Carlos Blanco

Modeling electromagnetic cascades during gamma-ray transport is important in many applications within astrophysics. This document introduces $γ$-Cascade, a publicly available Mathematica package which allows users to calculate observed gamma-ray fluxes from point sources as well as from a distribution of sources. $γ$-Cascade semi-analytically computes the ef

Cem Eröncel, Jay Hubisz, Gabriele Rigo

The critical point for a Higgs sector can be a point of interest in the potential for a modulus field such as the radion of an extra dimensional construction, or the dilaton of spontaneously broken approximate conformal invariance. In part motivated by conjectures about the self-organized critical state in statistical physics, we construct a 5D model in whic

Zhongzheng Ren, Yong Jae Lee, Michael S. Ryoo

There is an increasing concern in computer vision devices invading users' privacy by recording unwanted videos. On the one hand, we want the camera systems to recognize important events and assist human daily lives by understanding its videos, but on the other hand we want to ensure that they do not intrude people's privacy. In this paper, we propose

Luis A. Anchordoqui, Vernon Barger, John G. Learned, Danny Marfatia

We explain the two upgoing ultra-high energy shower events observed by ANITA as arising from the decay in the Earth's interior of the quasi-stable dark matter candidate in the CPT symmetric universe. The dark matter particle is a 480 PeV right-handed neutrino that decays into a Higgs boson and a light Majorana neutrino. The latter interacts in the Earth&

Michael Krivelevich, Eyal Lubetzky, Benny Sudakov

We consider supercritical bond percolation on a family of high-girth $d$-regular expanders. Alon, Benjamini and Stacey (2004) established that its critical probability for the appearance of a linear-sized ("giant'') component is $p_c=1/(d-1)$. Our main result recovers the sharp asymptotics of the size and degree distribution of the vertices in th

Serguei Barannikov

This is preprint HAL-00429963 (2009). I describe a combinatorial construction of the cohomology classes in compactified moduli spaces of curves $\widehat{Z}_{I}\in H^{*}(\bar{\mathcal{M}}_{g,n})$ starting from the following data: an odd derivation $I$, whose square is non-zero in general, $I^{2}\neq 0$, acting on a $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$-graded associative

Alan Maciel, Morgan Le Delliou, José P. Mimoso

The Birkhoff theorem is a well-known result in general relativity and it is used in many applications. However, its most general version, due to Bona, is almost unknown and presented in a form less accessible to the relativist and cosmologist community. Moreover, many wield it mistakenly as a simple transposition of Newton's iron sphere theorem. In the p

Malbor Asllani, Renaud Lambiotte, Timoteo Carletti

We analyse a collection of empirical networks in a wide spectrum of disciplines and show that strong non-normality is ubiquitous in network science. Dynamical processes evolving on non-normal networks exhibit a peculiar behaviour, as initial small disturbances may undergo a transient phase and be strongly amplified in linearly stable systems. Additionally, e

Nolan Grieves, Jian Ge, Neil Thomas, Kevin Willis

Combining stellar atmospheric parameters, such as effective temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity, with barycentric radial velocity data provides insight into the chemo-dynamics of the Milky Way and our local Galactic environment. We analyze 3075 stars with spectroscopic data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey III (SDSS-III) MARVELS radial velocity su

William Huggins, Piyush Patel, K. Birgitta Whaley, E. Miles Stoudenmire

Machine learning is a promising application of quantum computing, but challenges remain as near-term devices will have a limited number of physical qubits and high error rates. Motivated by the usefulness of tensor networks for machine learning in the classical context, we propose quantum computing approaches to both discriminative and generative learning, w

Zhuang He

For every $n\geq 3$, we find a sufficient condition for the blow-up of a weighted projective space $\mathbb{P}(a,b,c,d_1,\cdots,d_{n-2})$ at the identity point not to be a Mori Dream Space. We exhibit several infinite sequences of weights satisfying this condition in all dimensions $n\geq 3$.

Levon Chakhmakhchyan, Nicolas J. Cerf

Linear canonical transformations of bosonic modes correspond to Gaussian unitaries, which comprise passive linear-optical transformations as effected by a multiport passive interferometer and active Bogoliubov transformations as effected by a nonlinear amplification medium. As a consequence of the Bloch-Messiah theorem, any Gaussian unitary can be decomposed

V. V. Goloviznin, A. V. Nikolskii, A. M. Snigirev, G. M. Zinovjev

The intensive synchrotron radiation resulting from quarks interacting with the collective confining color field in relativistic heavy ion collisions is discussed. The spectrum of photons with large transverse momentum is calculated and compared with the experimental data to demonstrate the feasibility of this type of radiation. A study of the earlier predict

Torstein Nesse, Ingve Simonsen, Bodil Holst

Mask-based pattern generation is a crucial step in microchip production. The next-generation extreme-ultraviolet- (EUV) lithography instruments with a wavelength of \SI{13.5}{\nano\meter} is currently under development. In principle, this should allow patterning down to a resolution of a few nanometers in a single exposure. However, there are many technical

Alireza Behtash, Gerald V. Dunne, Thomas Schaefer, Tin Sulejmanpasic

It has been argued that many non-perturbative phenomena in quantum mechanics (QM) and quantum field theory (QFT) are determined by complex field configurations, and that these contributions should be understood in terms of of Picard-Lefschetz theory. In this work we compute the contribution from non-BPS multi-instanton configurations, such as instanton-anti-

Delaram Kahrobaei, Keivan Mallahi-Karai

In this paper we will give various examples of exponentially distorted subgroups in linear groups, including some new example of subgroups of $SL_n(\mathbb{Z}[x])$ for $n \ge 3$, and show how they can be used to construct symmetric-key cryptographic platforms.

Yifan Xu, Tianqi Fan, Mingye Xu, Long Zeng

Deep neural networks have enjoyed remarkable success for various vision tasks, however it remains challenging to apply CNNs to domains lacking a regular underlying structures such as 3D point clouds. Towards this we propose a novel convolutional architecture, termed SpiderCNN, to efficiently extract geometric features from point clouds. SpiderCNN is comprise

Pavel Motloch, Wayne Hu

We apply a recently developed method to directly measure the gravitational lensing power spectrum from CMB power spectra to the Planck satellite data. This method allows us to analyze the tension between the temperature power spectrum and lens reconstruction in a model independent way. Even when allowing for arbitrary variations in the lensing power spectrum

Mattia Miotto, Lorenzo Monacelli

Preserving biodiversity and ecosystem stability is a challenge that can be pursued through modern statistical mechanics modeling. Here we introduce a variational maximum entropy-based algorithm to evaluate the entropy in a minimal ecosystem on a lattice in which two species struggle for survival. The method quantitatively reproduces the scale-free law of the

Lizhe Sun, Mingyuan Wang, Siquan Zhu, Adrian Barbu

Current online learning methods suffer issues such as lower convergence rates and limited capability to select important features compared to their offline counterparts. In this paper, a novel framework for online learning based on running averages is proposed. Many popular offline regularized methods such as Lasso, Elastic Net, Minimax Concave Penalty (MCP)

Quôc Anh Ngô, Van Hoang Nguyen, Quoc Hung Phan

We consider the biharmonic equation $Δ^2 u = u^α$ in $\mathbf R^n$ with $n \geqslant 1$. It was proved that this equation has a positive classical solution if, and only if, either $α\leqslant 1$ with $n \geqslant 1$ or $α\geqslant (n+4)/(n-4)$ with $n \geqslant 5$. The asymptotic behavior at infinity of all positive radial solutions was known in the case $α\

John D. Gibbon

Using the scale invariance of the Navier-Stokes equations to define appropriate space-and-time-averaged inverse length scales associated with weak solutions of the $3D$ Navier-Stokes equations, an infinite `chessboard' of estimates for these inverse length scales is displayed in terms of labels $(n,\,m)$ corresponding to $n$ derivatives of the velocity f

Aaron Chen, Florian Frick, Anne Shiu

Given an intersection pattern of arbitrary sets in Euclidean space, is there an arrangement of convex open sets in Euclidean space that exhibits the same intersections? This question is combinatorial and topological in nature, but is motivated by neuroscience. Specifically, we are interested in a type of neuron called a place cell, which fires precisely when

Gul Gokbulut

The Big Bang should have created equal amounts of matter and antimatter; however today matter remains in the Universe. The European Spallation Source neutrino Super Beam's (ESSnuSB) main objective is to demonstrate the feasibility of using the European Spallation Source (ESS) proton linac to produce the world's most intense neutrino beam simultaneous

Collins Amburo Agyingi, Yaé Ulrich Gaba

In this note, we discuss common fixed point for a family of self mapping defined on a metric type space and satisfying a weakly contractive condition. In our development, we make use of the $λ$-sequence approach and also of a certain class of real valued maps. We derive some implications for self-mappings on quasi-pseudometric type spaces.

Dmitry V. Fedorov, Mainak Sadhukhan, Martin Stöhr, Alexandre Tkatchenko

The atomic dipole polarizability, $α$, and the van der Waals (vdW) radius, $R_{\rm vdW}$, are two key quantities to describe vdW interactions between atoms in molecules and materials. Until now, they have been determined independently and separately from each other. Here, we derive the quantum-mechanical relation $R_{\rm vdW} = const. \timesα^{1/7}$ which is

Jordan Cambe, Patrice Abry, Julien Barnier, Pierre Borgnat

Bike sharing systems (BSS) have been growing fast all over the world, along with the number of articles analyzing such systems. However the lack of temporally large trip databases has limited the analysis of BSS users behavior in the long term. This article studies the V'elo'v - a BSS located in Lyon, France - subscribers commitment in the long term

Yifan Wang, Behrooz Yousefzadeh, Hui Chen, Hussein Nassar

Acoustic waves in a linear time-invariant medium are generally reciprocal; however, reciprocity can break down in a time-variant system. In this Letter, we report on an experimental demonstration of nonreciprocity in a dynamic one-dimensional phononic crystal, where the local elastic properties are dependent on time. The system consists of an array of repell

Misaki Ozawa, Ludovic Berthier, Giulio Biroli, Alberto Rosso

We combine an analytically solvable mean-field elasto-plastic model with molecular dynamics simulations of a generic glass-former to demonstrate that, depending on their preparation protocol, amorphous materials can yield in two qualitatively distinct ways. We show that well-annealed systems yield in a discontinuous brittle way, as metallic and molecular gla

Petr Hájek, Tomasz Kania, Tommaso Russo

The paper elucidates the relationship between the density of a Banach space and possible sizes of well-separated subsets of its unit sphere. For example, it is proved that for a large enough space $X$, the unit sphere $S_X$ always contains an uncountable $(1+)$-separated subset. In order to achieve this, new results concerning the existence of large Auerbach

Jean Lasserre, Tillmann Weisser

Given $X \subset R^n$, $\varepsilon \in (0,1)$, a parametrized family of probability distributions $(μ\_{a})\_{a\in A}$ on $Ω\subset R^p$, we consider the feasible set $X^*\_\varepsilon\subset X$ associated with the {\em distributionally robust} chance-constraint \[X^*\_\varepsilon\,=\,\{x \in X :\:{\rm Prob}\_μ[f(x,ω)\,>\,0]> 1-\varepsilon,\,\forallμ\in M\_

Pauline Luc, Camille Couprie, Yann LeCun, Jakob Verbeek

Anticipating future events is an important prerequisite towards intelligent behavior. Video forecasting has been studied as a proxy task towards this goal. Recent work has shown that to predict semantic segmentation of future frames, forecasting at the semantic level is more effective than forecasting RGB frames and then segmenting these. In this paper we co

Camille L. Latune, Ilya Sinayskiy, Franceso Petruccione

Heat exchanges are the essence of Thermodynamics. In order to investigate non-equilibrium effects like quantum coherence and correlations in heat flows we introduce the concept of apparent temperature. Its definition is based on the expression of the heat flow between out-of-equilibrium quantum systems. Such apparent temperatures contain crucial information

Senne Van Loon, Wout Van Alphen, Jacques Tempere, Hadrien Kurkjian

We study the propagation of dispersive waves in superfluid Fermi gases in the BEC-BCS crossover. Unlike in other superfluid systems, where dispersive waves have already been studied and observed, Fermi gases can exhibit a subsonic dispersion relation for which the dispersive wave pattern appears at the tail of the wave front. We show that this property can b

Paul Heslop, Vuong-Viet Tran

A non-trivial consequence of the super-correlator/super-amplitude duality is that the integrand of the four-point correlation function of stress-tensor multiplets in planar N=4 super Yang-Mills contains a certain combination of n-point amplitude integrands for any n. This combination is the sum of products of all helicity super-amplitudes with their correspo

Gregory F. Lawler, Petr Panov

We prove a combinatorial lemma about the distribution of directed currents in a complex "loop soup" and use it to give a new proof of the isomorphism relating loop measures and complex Gaussian fields.

Tabish Rashid, Mikayel Samvelyan, Christian Schroeder de Witt, Gregory Farquhar

In many real-world settings, a team of agents must coordinate their behaviour while acting in a decentralised way. At the same time, it is often possible to train the agents in a centralised fashion in a simulated or laboratory setting, where global state information is available and communication constraints are lifted. Learning joint action-values conditio

Adrian Kent

In a model of physics taking place on a discrete set of points that approximates Minkowski space, one might perhaps expect there to be an empirically identifiable preferred frame. However, the work of Dowker, Bombelli, Henson, and Sorkin might be taken to suggest that random sprinklings of points in Minkowski space define a discrete model that is provably Po

S. Banerjee, D. S. L. Abergel, H. Ågren, G. Aeppli

We investigate the extent to which the class of Dirac materials in two-dimensions provides general statements about the behavior of both fermionic and bosonic Dirac quasiparticles in the interacting regime. For both quasiparticle types, we find common features for the interaction induced renormalization of the conical Dirac spectrum. We perform the perturbat

S. E. Skipetrov, I. M. Sokolov

We establish a phase diagram of a model in which scalar waves are scattered by resonant point scatterers pinned at random positions in the free three-dimensional (3D) space. A transition to Anderson localization takes place in a narrow frequency band near the resonance frequency provided that the number density of scatterers $ρ$ exceeds a critical value $ρ_c

Sandrine Codis, Dmitri Pogosyan, Christophe Pichon

Cosmic connectivity and multiplicity, i.e. the number of filaments globally or locally connected to a given cluster is a natural probe of the growth of structure and in particular of the nature of dark energy. It is also a critical ingredient driving the assembly history of galaxies as it controls mass and angular momentum accretion. The connectivity of the

Zhimeng Jiang, Chen Gong, Zhengyuan Xu

We characterize the practical receiver in a wide range of signal intensity for optical wireless communication, from discrete pulse regime to continuous waveform regime. We first propose a statistical non-linear model based on the photomultiplier tube (PMT) multi-stage amplification and Poisson channel, and then derive the optimal and tractable suboptimal dut

Amaury Depierre, Emmanuel Dellandréa, Liming Chen

Grasping skill is a major ability that a wide number of real-life applications require for robotisation. State-of-the-art robotic grasping methods perform prediction of object grasp locations based on deep neural networks. However, such networks require huge amount of labeled data for training making this approach often impracticable in robotics. In this pap

Dexter O. Cahoy, Wojbor A. Woyczyński

We propose formal estimation procedures for the parameters of the generalized, three-parameter Linnik $gL(α,μ, δ)$ and Mittag-Leffler $gML(α,μ, δ)$ distributions. The estimators are derived from the moments of the log-transformed random variables, and are shown to be asymptotically unbiased. The estimation algorithms are computationally efficient and the pro

R. V. Bessonov

We prove existence of modified wave operators for one-dimensional Dirac operators whose spectral measures belong to the Szego class on the real line.

David E. Fernandes, Mário G. Silveirinha

Here, we highlight the fundamental differences between nonlinear two-port devices with strongly asymmetric transmission responses and "isolators". We use a mushroom-structure loaded with nonlinear elements as a guiding example. The mushroom-metamaterial can be operated in a regime where it behaves as a nearly ideal electromagnetic diode, such that th

Shashank Singh, Bharath K. Sriperumbudur, Barnabás Póczos

We study estimation of (semi-)inner products between two nonparametric probability distributions, given IID samples from each distribution. These products include relatively well-studied classical $\mathcal{L}^2$ and Sobolev inner products, as well as those induced by translation-invariant reproducing kernels, for which we believe our results are the first.

Gu Chen, Chao-Hsi Chang, Xing-Gang Wu

In the paper, we make a comprehensive study on the hadroproduction of the $B_c (B_c^*)$ meson via the gluon-gluon fusion mechanism at the RHIC and LHC colliders. Total and differential cross sections via the proton-nucleus ($p$-N) and nucleus-nucleus (N-N) collision modes have been discussed under various collision energies. To compare with those via the pro

Tadashi Kawanago

We prove a Hopf bifurcation theorem in Hilbert spaces for abstract semilinear equations, which improves a classical result by Crandall and Rabinowitz in the case where basic spaces are Hilbert spaces. Actually, our theorem does not need any compactness conditions, which leads to wider applications. In particular, our theorem can be applied to semilinear equa

S. Baier, D. Petter, J. H. Becher, A. Patscheider

We realize a two-component dipolar Fermi gas with tunable interactions, using erbium atoms. Employing a lattice-protection technique, we selectively prepare deeply degenerate mixtures of the two lowest spin states and perform high-resolution Feshbach spectroscopy in an optical dipole trap. We identify a comparatively broad Feshbach resonance and map the inte

Eugeny Babichev, Christos Charmousis, Gilles Esposito-Farese, Antoine Lehébel

A Hamiltonian density bounded from below implies that the lowest-energy state is stable. We point out, contrary to common lore, that an unbounded Hamiltonian density does not necessarily imply an instability: Stability is indeed a coordinate-independent property, whereas the Hamiltonian density does depend on the choice of coordinates. We discuss in detail t

Ji-Cai Liu, Chen Wang

In this paper, we prove two conjectural supercongruences on the $(p-1)$th Apéry number, which were recently proposed by Z.-H. Sun.

Xinpeng Chen, Lin Ma, Wenhao Jiang, Jian Yao

Recently, caption generation with an encoder-decoder framework has been extensively studied and applied in different domains, such as image captioning, code captioning, and so on. In this paper, we propose a novel architecture, namely Auto-Reconstructor Network (ARNet), which, coupling with the conventional encoder-decoder framework, works in an end-to-end f

A. U. Batmaz, M. de Mathelin, Birgitta Dresp-Langley

Effects of computer generated 2D and 3D views on the time and precision of bare-handed or tool-mediated eye-hand coordination were investigated in a pick-and-place-task with complete novices. All of them scored well above average in spatial perspective taking ability and performed the task with their dominant hand. Two groups of novices, four men and four wo

Chang-Song Deng, René L. Schilling

This paper aims to study the asymptotic behaviour of the fundamental solutions (heat kernels) of non-local (partial and pseudo differential) equations with fractional operators in time and space. In particular, we obtain exact asymptotic formulas for the heat kernels of time-changed Brownian motions and Cauchy processes. As an application, we obtain exact as

Adrian Lewandowski

We analyze in the Landau gauge mixing of bosonic fields in gauge theories with exact and spontaneously broken symmetries, extending to this case the Lehmann-Symanzik-Zimmermann (LSZ) formalism of the asymptotic fields. Factorization of residues of poles (at real and complex values of the variable $p^2$) is demonstrated and a simple practical prescription for

Anton Ayzenberg

A periodic tridiagonal matrix is a tridiagonal matrix with additional two entries at the corners. We study the space $X_{n,λ}$ of Hermitian periodic tridiagonal $n\times n$-matrices with a fixed simple spectrum $λ$. Using the discretized Shrödinger operator we describe all spectra $λ$ for which $X_{n,λ}$ is a topological manifold. The space $X_{n,λ}$ carries

David Mguni

This paper analyses a stochastic differential game of control and stopping in which one of the players modifies a diffusion process using impulse controls, an adversary then chooses a stopping time to end the game. The paper firstly establishes the regularity and boundedness of the upper and lower value functions from which an appropriate variant of the dyna

Jakob E. Björnberg, Daniel Ueltschi

We estimate the critical temperature of a family of quantum spin systems on regular trees of large degree. The systems include the spin-$\frac12$ XXZ model and the spin-1 nematic model. Our formula is conjectured to be valid for large-dimensional cubic lattices. Our method of proof uses a probabilistic representation in terms of random loops.

Károly Simon, Lajos Vágó

One of the most well known random fractals is the so-called Fractal percolation set. This is defined as follows: we divide the unique cube in $\mathbb{R}^d$ into $M^d$ congruent sub-cubes. For each of these cubes a certain retention probability is assigned with which we retain the cube. The interior of the discarded cubes contain no points from the Fractal p

Rajibul Shaikh

We study shadows cast by a certain class of rotating wormholes and point out the crucial role of a rotating wormhole throat in the formation of a shadow. Overlooking this crucial role of a wormhole throat has resulted incomplete results in the previous studies on shadows of the same class of rotating wormholes. We explore the dependence of the shadows on the

Lars Lauke, Mathias S. Scheurer, Andreas Poenicke, Jörg Schmalian

We study the modulations of the superconducting order parameter in the vicinity of edges, magnetic and non-magnetic impurities by self-consistently solving the gap equations of a system with competing interactions in the Cooper channel. It is shown that the presence or absence of Friedel-like oscillations of the superconducting order parameter crucially depe

Hang Su, Shaogang Gong, Xiatian Zhu

Existing logo detection methods usually consider a small number of logo classes and limited images per class with a strong assumption of requiring tedious object bounding box annotations, therefore not scalable to real-world dynamic applications. In this work, we tackle these challenges by exploring the webly data learning principle without the need for exha

Junyeong Ahn, Dongwook Kim, Youngkuk Kim, Bohm-Jung Yang

We study the band topology and the associated linking structure of topological semimetals with nodal lines carrying $Z_{2}$ monopole charges, which can be realized in three-dimensional systems invariant under the combination of inversion $P$ and time reversal $T$ when spin-orbit coupling is negligible. In contrast to the well-known $PT$-symmetric nodal lines

Tung Mai, Vijay V. Vazirani

We study the problem of finding solutions to the stable matching problem that are robust to errors in the input and we obtain a polynomial time algorithm for a special class of errors. In the process, we also initiate work on a new structural question concerning the stable matching problem, namely finding relationships between the lattices of solutions of tw

Amnon Drory, Oria Ratzon, Shai Avidan, Raja Giryes

We investigate the classification performance of K-nearest neighbors (K-NN) and deep neural networks (DNNs) in the presence of label noise. We first show empirically that a DNN's prediction for a given test example depends on the labels of the training examples in its local neighborhood. This motivates us to derive a realizable analytic expression that a

Heeyoul Choi, Kyunghyun Cho, Yoshua Bengio

Neural machine translation (NMT) has been a new paradigm in machine translation, and the attention mechanism has become the dominant approach with the state-of-the-art records in many language pairs. While there are variants of the attention mechanism, all of them use only temporal attention where one scalar value is assigned to one context vector correspond

A. Morozov, A. Popolitov, Sh. Shakirov

The recently discovered general formulas for perturbative correlators in basic matrix models can be interpreted as the Schur-preservation property of Gaussian measures. Then substitution of Schur by, say, Macdonald polynomials, defines a q,t-deformation of the matrix model. Eigenvalue integral representations and Virasoro-like constraints are immediate conse

OPERA Collaboration, N. Agafonova, A. Aleksandrov, A. Anokhina

The OPERA experiment has discovered the tau neutrino appearance in the CNGS muon neutrino beam, in agreement with the 3 neutrino flavour oscillation hypothesis. The OPERA neutrino interaction target, made of Emulsion Cloud Chamber, was particularly efficient in the reconstruction of electromagnetic showers. Moreover, thanks to the very high granularity of th

D. Ödman, E. Werner, K. D. Dorfman, C. R. Doering

In genome mapping experiments, long DNA molecules are stretched by confining them to very narrow channels, so that the locations of sequence-specific fluorescent labels along the channel axis provide large-scale genomic information. It is difficult, however, to make the channels narrow enough so that the DNA molecule is fully stretched. In practice its confo

Ji-Yao Chen, Sylvain Capponi, Didier Poilblanc

Spontaneous discrete symmetry breaking can be described in the framework of Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS) by linearly superposing local tensors belonging to two (or more) symmetry classes of tensors. This is illustrated in the case of a frustrated spin-1 Heisenberg model on the square lattice, which hosts a nematic spin liquid spontaneously breaking

Dongzhuo Li, Jerry M. Harris

Full waveform inversion (FWI) is a highly nonlinear and ill-posed problem. On one hand, it can be easily trapped in a local minimum. On the other hand, the inversion results may exhibit strong artifacts and reduced resolution because of inadequate constraint from data. Proper regularizations are necessary to reduce such artifacts and steer the inversion towa

A. E. Druzhinin

The theory of framed motives by Garkusha and Panin gives computations in the stable motivic homotopy category $\mathbf{SH}(k)$ in terms of Voevodsky's framed correspondences. In particular the motivically fibrant $Ω$-resolution in positive degrees of the motivic suspension spectrum $Σ_{\mathbb P^1}^\infty X_+$, where $X_+=X\amalg *$, for a smooth scheme

Nicola Galvanetto, Andrea Perissinotto, Andrea Pedroni, Vincent Torre

The folding dynamics of proteins at the single molecule level has been studied with single-molecule force spectroscopy (SMFS) experiments for twenty years, but a common standardized method for the analysis of the collected data and for the sharing among the scientific community members is still not available. We have developed a new open source tool, Fodis,

Michael Hippke

Many rocky exoplanets are heavier and larger than Earth, so-called "Super-Earths". Some of these may be habitable, and a few may be inhabited by Super-Earthlings. Due to the higher surface gravity on these worlds, space-flight is much more challenging. We find that chemical rockets still allow for escape velocities on Super-Earths up to 10x Earth mas

Geert Kapteijns, Eran Bouchbinder, Edan Lerner

It is now well established that structural glasses possess disorder- and frustration-induced soft quasilocalized excitations, which play key roles in various glassy phenomena. Recent work has established that in model glass-formers in three dimensions, these non-phononic soft excitations may assume the form of quasilocalized, harmonic vibrational modes whose

Guillaume Hupin, Sofia Quaglioni, Petr Navrátil

The fusion of deuterium (D) with tritium (T) is the most promising of the reactions that could power the thermonuclear reactors of the future. Already favored for its low activation energy and high yield, it may lead to even more efficient energy generation if obtained in a polarized state, i.e. with the spin of the reactants aligned. While the DT fusion rat

Vasisht Duddu, Debasis Samanta, D Vijay Rao

Anonymous networks have enabled secure and anonymous communication between the users and service providers while maintaining their anonymity and privacy. The hidden services in the networks are dynamic and continuously change their domains and service features to maintain anonymity and prevent fingerprinting. This makes modelling of such networks a challengi

Vladimir G. Tkachev

We establish sharp pointwise inequalities for the Riesz potential and its gradient in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ and indicate their usefulness for potential analysis, moment theory and other applications.

Biswajit Santra, Hsin-Yu Ko, Yao-Wen Yeh, Fausto Martelli

We have synthesized boron nitride nanotubes (BNNTs) in an arc in presence of boron and nitrogen species only, without transition metals. We find that BNNTs are often attached to pure boron nanoparticles, suggesting that root-growth is a likely mechanism for their formation. To gain further insight into this process we have studied key mechanisms for root gro

Fumiya Nagasawa, Andres A. Reynoso, José Pablo Baltanás, Diego Frustaglia

The coexistence of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions (SOIs) in semiconductor quantum wells leads to an anisotropic effective field coupled to carriers' spins. We demonstrate a gate-controlled anisotropy in Aharonov-Casher (AC) spin interferometry experiments with InGaAs mesoscopic rings by using an in-plane magnetic field as a probe. Support

Yu Gong, Xusheng Luo, Kenny Q. Zhu, Wenwu Ou

This paper studies the problem of automatically extracting a short title from a manually written longer description of E-commerce products for display on mobile devices. It is a new extractive summarization problem on short text inputs, for which we propose a feature-enriched network model, combining three different categories of features in parallel. Experi

Giovanni Otalora, Ali Övgün, Joel Saavedra, Nelson Videla

In the context of nonminimally coupled $f(R)$ gravity theories, we study early inflation driven by a nonlinear monopole magnetic field which is nonminimally coupled to curvature. In order to isolate the effects of the nonminimal coupling between matter and curvature we assume the pure gravitational sector to have the Einstein-Hilbert form. Thus, we study the

N. Karavarsamis, R. M. Huggins

Occupancy models involve both the probability a site is occupied and the probability occupancy is detected. The homogeneous occupancy model, where the occupancy and detection probabilities are the same at each site, admits an orthogonal parameter transformation that yields a two-stage process to calculate the maximum likelihood estimates so that it is not ne

Yiluan Guo, Ngai-Man Cheung

Person Re-Identification (ReID) requires comparing two images of person captured under different conditions. Existing work based on neural networks often computes the similarity of feature maps from one single convolutional layer. In this work, we propose an efficient, end-to-end fully convolutional Siamese network that computes the similarities at multiple

Timothy Sun

We present a family of index 1 abelian current graphs whose derived embeddings can be modified into triangulations of $K_{12s}$ for $s \geq 4$. Our construction is significantly simpler than previous methods for finding genus embeddings of $K_{12s}$, which utilized either large index or nonabelian groups.

Jyotishman Bhowmick, Arnab Mandal, Sutanu Roy, Adam Skalski

We consider the construction of twisted tensor products in the category of C*-algebras equipped with orthogonal filtrations and under certain assumptions on the form of the twist compute the corresponding quantum symmetry group, which turns out to be the generalised Drinfeld double of the quantum symmetry groups of the original filtrations. We show how these

Anusha Nagabandi, Ignasi Clavera, Simin Liu, Ronald S. Fearing

Although reinforcement learning methods can achieve impressive results in simulation, the real world presents two major challenges: generating samples is exceedingly expensive, and unexpected perturbations or unseen situations cause proficient but specialized policies to fail at test time. Given that it is impractical to train separate policies to accommodat

Jade Powell

The number of astrophysical sources detected by Advanced LIGO and Virgo is expected to increase as the detectors approach their design sensitivity. Gravitational wave detectors are also sensitive to transient noise sources created by the environment and the detector, known as `glitches'. As the rate of astrophysical sources increases, the probability tha

Takami Tohyama, Michiyasu Mori, Shigetoshi Sota

The ground state of the t-t'-J ladder with four legs favors a striped charge distribution for the parameters corresponding to hole-doped cuprate superconductors. We investigate the dynamical spin and charge structure factors of the model by using the dynamical density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) and clarify the influence of the stripe on the stru

Nobuhiro Nakamura

We investigate the $\mathrm{Pin}^-(2)$-monopole invariants of symplectic $4$-manifolds and Kähler surfaces with real structures. We prove the nonvanishing theorem for real symplectic $4$-manifolds which is an analogue of Taubes' nonvanishing theorem of the Seiberg-Witten invariants for symplectic $4$-manifolds. Furthermore, the Kobayashi-Hitchin type cor

Ryohto Sawada, Yuma Iwasaki, Masahiko Ishida

We demonstrate a heuristic optimization algorithm based on the game tree search for multi-component materials design. The algorithm searches for the largest spin polarization of seven-component Heusler alloys. The algorithm can find the peaks quickly and is more robust against local optima than Bayesian optimization approaches using the expected improvement

Tania Biswas, Sheetal Dharmatti, Manil T Mohan

We study some optimal control problems associated to the evolution of two isothermal, incompressible, immisible fluids in a two-dimensional bounded domain. The Cahn- Hilliard-Navier-Stokes model consists of a Navier-Stokes equation governing the fluid velocity field coupled with a convective Cahn-Hilliard equation for the relative concentration of one of the

Masahito Hayashi

In the hidden Markov process, there is a possibility that two different transition matrices for hidden and observed variables yield the same stochastic behavior for the observed variables. Since such two transition matrices cannot be distinguished, we need to identify them and consider that they are equivalent, in practice. We address the equivalence problem

Yu Gong, Xusheng Luo, Yu Zhu, Wenwu Ou

Slot filling is a critical task in natural language understanding (NLU) for dialog systems. State-of-the-art approaches treat it as a sequence labeling problem and adopt such models as BiLSTM-CRF. While these models work relatively well on standard benchmark datasets, they face challenges in the context of E-commerce where the slot labels are more informativ

Michael Fuchs, Bernhard Gittenberger, Marefatollah Mansouri

In recent decades, phylogenetic networks have become a standard tool in modeling evolutionary processes. Nevertheless, basic combinatorial questions about them are still largely open. For instance, even the asymptotic counting problem for the class of phylogenetic networks and subclasses is unsolved. In this paper, we propose a method based on generating fun