August 2018 arXiv papers — page 44

Jacob Carruth, Abraham Frei-Pearson, Arie Israel, Bo'az Klartag

We present a coordinate-free version of Fefferman's solution of Whitney's extension problem in the space $C^{m-1,1}(\mathbb{R}^n)$. While the original argument relies on an elaborate induction on collections of partial derivatives, our proof uses the language of ideals and translation-invariant subspaces in the ring of polynomials. We emphasize the r

Marco Buratti, Anamari Nakic

One of the very first results about designs over finite fields, by S. Thomas, is the existence of a cyclic 2-$(n,3,7)$ design over $\mathbb{F}_{2}$ for every integer $n$ coprime with 6. Here, by means of difference methods, we reprove and improve a little bit this result showing that it is true, more generally, for every odd $n$. In this way, we also find th

A. A. Kazhymurat

We prove that a Lefschetz fibration over the disc that, after compactification, has the same singular fibers as an extremal rational elliptic surface can be obtained by deleting a singular fiber and a section from the rational extremal elliptic surface, i.e. such a Lefschetz fibration is determined up to topological equivalence by its set of singular fibers.

Tal Barnea

Using elementary methods we find surprising connections between the values of the Riemann Zeta Function over integers and the fractional parts of rational powers, and a connection between the Riemann Zeta Function and the Prime Zeta Function.

Vitaly Feldman, Ilya Mironov, Kunal Talwar, Abhradeep Thakurta

Many commonly used learning algorithms work by iteratively updating an intermediate solution using one or a few data points in each iteration. Analysis of differential privacy for such algorithms often involves ensuring privacy of each step and then reasoning about the cumulative privacy cost of the algorithm. This is enabled by composition theorems for diff

Antonella Garzilli, Tom Theuns, Joop Schaye

The distribution of the absorption line broadening observed in the Ly$α$ forest carries information about the temperature and widths of the filaments in the intergalactic medium (IGM). In this work, we present and test a new method for inferring the temperature of the IGM, the size of the absorbing filaments and the photo-ionization rate of hydrogen from the

George A. Adam, Petr Smirnov, David Duvenaud, Benjamin Haibe-Kains

Many deep learning algorithms can be easily fooled with simple adversarial examples. To address the limitations of existing defenses, we devised a probabilistic framework that can generate an exponentially large ensemble of models from a single model with just a linear cost. This framework takes advantage of neural network depth and stochastically decides wh

Aurelio W. T. de Noronha, André A. Moreira, André P. Vieira, Hans J. Herrmann

We investigate percolation on a randomly directed lattice, an intermediate between standard percolation and directed percolation, focusing on the isotropic case in which bonds on opposite directions occur with the same probability. We derive exact results for the percolation threshold on planar lattices, and present a conjecture for the value the percolation

Nina Zubrilina

Consider a game consisting of independent turns with even money payoffs in which the player wins with a fixed probability $p \geq 1/3$ and loses with probability $1 - p$. The Labouchere system is a betting strategy which entails keeping a list of positive real numbers and betting the sum of the first and the last number on the list at every turn. In case of

Juan Guarnizo, Pawel Szalachowski

Smart contracts are a new paradigm that emerged with the rise of the blockchain technology. They allow untrusting parties to arrange agreements. These agreements are encoded as a programming language code and deployed on a blockchain platform, where all participants execute them and maintain their state. Smart contracts are promising since they are automated

Yanai Elazar, Yoav Goldberg

Recent advances in Representation Learning and Adversarial Training seem to succeed in removing unwanted features from the learned representation. We show that demographic information of authors is encoded in -- and can be recovered from -- the intermediate representations learned by text-based neural classifiers. The implication is that decisions of classif

Basabendu Barman, Debasish Borah, Lopamudra Mukherjee, Soumitra Nandi

In this article, we have considered an extension of the inert Higgs doublet model with $SU(2)_L$ singlet vector like fermions. Our model is capable of addressing some interesting anomalous results in $b\to s\ell^+\ell^-$ decays (like $R(K^{(*)})$) and in muon $(g-2)$. Apart from explaining these anomalies, and being consistent with other flavour data, the mo

Patrick Staples, Min Ouyang, Robert F. Dougherty, Gregory A. Ryslik

In statistical learning, high covariate dimensionality poses challenges for robust prediction and inference. To address this challenge, supervised dimension reduction is often performed, where dependence on the outcome is maximized for a selected covariate subspace with smaller dimensionality. Prevalent dimension reduction techniques assume data are $i.i.d.$

Devon L. Hollowood, Tesla Jeltema, Xinyi Chen, Arya Farahi

In order to place constraints on cosmology through optical surveys of galaxy clusters, one must first understand the properties of those clusters. To this end, we introduce the Mass Analysis Tool for Chandra (MATCha), a pipeline which uses a parallellized algorithm to analyze archival Chandra data. MATCha simultaneously calculates X-ray temperatures and lumi

J. I. Read, M. G. Walker, P. Steger

Gravitational potential fluctuations driven by bursty star formation can kinematically 'heat up' dark matter at the centres of dwarf galaxies. A key prediction of such models is that, at a fixed dark matter halo mass, dwarfs with a higher stellar mass will have a lower central dark matter density. We use stellar kinematics and HI gas rotation curves

Andreas Ekstedt, Hazhar Ghaderi, Gunnar Ingelman, Stefan Leupold

The fact that the spins of the quarks in the proton, as measured in deep inelastic lepton scattering, only add up to about 30$\%$ of the spin of the proton is still not understood after 30 years. We show that our newly developed model for the quark and gluon momentum distributions in the proton, based on quantum fluctuations of the proton into baryon-meson p

Seyed Morteza Hosseini, Itamar Yaakov, Alberto Zaffaroni

We provide a formula for the partition function of five-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=1$ gauge theories on $\mathcal{M}_4 \times S^1$, topologically twisted along $\mathcal{M}_4$ in the presence of general background magnetic fluxes, where $\mathcal{M}_4$ is a toric Kähler manifold. The result can be expressed as a contour integral of the product of copies of the

Misaki Mizumoto, Ken Ebisawa, Masahiro Tsujimoto, Chris Done

Short X-ray reverberation lags are seen across a broad Fe-K energy band in more than twenty active galactic nuclei (AGNs). This broad iron line feature in the lag spectrum is most significant in super-Eddington sources such as Ark 564 ($L/L_{\rm Edd}\sim 1$) and 1H 0707--495 ($L/L_{\rm Edd}\gtrsim 10$). The observed lag timescales correspond to very short di

Jennifer Schober, Axel Brandenburg, Igor Rogachevskii

The chiral magnetic effect (CME) is a quantum relativistic effect that describes the appearance of an additional electric current along a magnetic field. It is caused by an asymmetry between the number densities of left- and right-handed fermions, which can be maintained at high energies when the chirality flipping rate can be neglected, for example in the e

Koushik Dutta, Ruchika, Anirban Roy, Anjan A. Sen

Assuming that the Universe at higher redshifts (z \sim 4 and beyond) is consistent with LCDM model as constrained by the Planck measurements, we reanalyze the low redshift cosmological data to reconstruct the Hubble parameter as a function of redshift. This enables us to address the H_0 and other tensions between low z observations and high z Planck measurem

Yessenia Olguin-Trejo, Ricardo Perez-Martinez, Saul Ramos-Sanchez

Discovering a selection principle and the origin of flavor symmetries from an ultraviolet completion of particle physics is an interesting open task. As a step in this direction, we classify all possible flavor symmetries of 4D massless spectra emerging from supersymmetric Abelian orbifold compactifications, including roto-translations and non-factorizable c

Francesco Capozzi, Basudeb Dasgupta, Alessandro Mirizzi, Manibrata Sen

Fast flavor conversions of supernova neutrinos, possible near the neutrinosphere, depends on an interesting interplay of collisions and neutrino oscillations. Contrary to naive expectations, the rate of self-induced neutrino oscillations, due to neutrino-neutrino forward scattering, comfortably exceeds the rate of collisions even deep inside the supernova co

E. Troja, H. van Eerten, G. Ryan, R. Ricci

We present the results of our year-long afterglow monitoring of GW170817, the first binary neutron star (NS) merger detected by advanced LIGO and advanced Virgo. New observations with the Australian Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and the Chandra X-ray Telescope were used to constrain its late-time behavior. The broadband emission, from radio to X-rays, is we

Adam Ginsburg, J. M. Diederik Kruijssen

The fraction of stars forming in compact, gravitationally bound clusters (the `cluster formation efficiency' or CFE) is an important quantity for deriving the spatial clustering of stellar feedback and for tracing star formation using stellar clusters across the Universe. Observations of clusters in nearby galaxies have revealed a strong dependence of th

Ruobing Dong, Shengtai Li, Eugene Chiang, Hui Li

ALMA has found multiple dust gaps and rings in a number of protoplanetary disks in continuum emission at millimeter wavelengths. The origin of such structures is in debate. Recently, we documented how one super-Earth planet can open multiple (up to five) dust gaps in a disk with low viscosity ($α\lesssim10^{-4}$). In this paper, we examine how the positions,

Ting-Chun Wang, Ming-Yu Liu, Jun-Yan Zhu, Guilin Liu

We study the problem of video-to-video synthesis, whose goal is to learn a mapping function from an input source video (e.g., a sequence of semantic segmentation masks) to an output photorealistic video that precisely depicts the content of the source video. While its image counterpart, the image-to-image synthesis problem, is a popular topic, the video-to-v

Robert Roy

We let R be a one-dimensional graded complete intersection, satisfying certain degree conditions which are satisfied whenever R is a numerical semigroup ring of embedding dimension at least three. We show that a graded maximal Cohen-Macaulay R-module M satisfies the Huneke-Wiegand Conjecture provided there exists an Auslander-Reiten sequence ending in M whos

Oguzhan Can, Emilian M. Nica, Marcel Franz

We consider a recent proposal for a physical realization of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model in the zeroth-Landau-level sector of an irregularly-shaped graphene flake. We study in detail charge transport signatures of the unique non-Fermi liquid state of such a quantum dot coupled to non-interacting leads. The properties of this setup depend essentially on

Jingjing Zhang, Osvaldo Simeone

In a distributed computing system operating according to the map-shuffle-reduce framework, coding data prior to storage can be useful both to reduce the latency caused by straggling servers and to decrease the inter-server communication load in the shuffling phase. In prior work, a concatenated coding scheme was proposed for a matrix multiplication task. In

Vojtěch Witzany, Jan Steinhoff, Georgios Lukes-Gerakopoulos

The spin-curvature coupling as captured by the so-called Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon (MPD) equations is the leading order effect of the finite size of a rapidly rotating compact astrophysical object moving in a curved background. It is also a next-to-leading order effect in the phase of gravitational waves emitted by extreme-mass-ratio inspirals (EMRIs), whic

Yixin Wang, Dawen Liang, Laurent Charlin, David M. Blei

The goal of recommendation is to show users items that they will like. Though usually framed as a prediction, the spirit of recommendation is to answer an interventional question---for each user and movie, what would the rating be if we "forced" the user to watch the movie? To this end, we develop a causal approach to recommendation, one where watchi

Robert C. McKay, Timothy M. McCormick, Nandini Trivedi

Weyl semimetals host linear energy dispersions around Weyl nodes, as well as monopoles of Berry curvature in momentum space around these points. These features give rise to unique transport signatures in a Weyl semimetal, such as transverse transport without an applied magnetic field, known as anomalous transport. The type-II Weyl semimetal, recently experim

Florian U. Bernlochner, Christoph Englert, Chris Hays, Kristin Lohwasser

CP-violation in the Higgs sector remains a possible source of the baryon asymmetry of the universe. Recent differential measurements of signed angular distributions in Higgs boson production provide a general experimental probe of the CP structure of Higgs boson interactions. We interpret these measurements using the Standard Model Effective Field Theory and

Samuel S. Schoenholz, Sean Hackett, Laura Deming, Eugene Melamud

As in many other scientific domains, we face a fundamental problem when using machine learning to identify proteins from mass spectrometry data: large ground truth datasets mapping inputs to correct outputs are extremely difficult to obtain. Instead, we have access to imperfect hand-coded models crafted by domain experts. In this paper, we apply deep neural

CMS Collaboration

A search for charged Higgs boson decaying to a charm and a bottom quark (H$^+\to$ c$\overline{\mathrm{b}}$) is performed using 19.7 fb$^{-1}$ of pp collision data at $\sqrt{s} =$ 8 TeV. The production mechanism investigated in this search is $\mathrm{t\overline{t}}$ pair production in which one top quark decays to a charged Higgs boson and a bottom quark and

Albert Georg Passegger

We find a non-trivial representation of the symmetric group $S_n$ on the $n$-fold Deligne product $\mathcal{C}^{\boxtimes n}$ of a modular tensor category $\mathcal{C}$ for any $n \geq 2$. This is accomplished by checking that a particular family of $\mathcal{C}^{\boxtimes n}$-bimodule categories representing adjacent transpositions satisfies the symmetric g

Xi Liu, Muhe Xie, Xidao Wen, Rui Chen

Mobile gaming has emerged as a promising market with billion-dollar revenues. A variety of mobile game platforms and services have been developed around the world. One critical challenge for these platforms and services is to understand user churn behavior in mobile games. Accurate churn prediction will benefit many stakeholders such as game developers, adve

Otis Chodosh, Davi Maximo

For an immersed minimal surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$, we show that there exists a lower bound on its Morse index that depends on the genus and number of ends, counting multiplicity. This improves, in several ways, an estimate we previously obtained bounding the genus and number of ends by the index. Our new estimate resolves several conjectures made by J. Choe

Yang Cao

In this paper, for a smooth variety equiped with an action of a connected algebraic group (not necessary linear), we introduce the notion of invariant Brauer sub-group and the notion of invariant étale Brauer-Manin obstruction. Then we prove that this obstruction is equivalent to the étale Brauer-Manin obstruction. This extends the main notion and the key re

Zining Zhu, Jekaterina Novikova, Frank Rudzicz

Linguistic features have shown promising applications for detecting various cognitive impairments. To improve detection accuracies, increasing the amount of data or the number of linguistic features have been two applicable approaches. However, acquiring additional clinical data can be expensive, and hand-crafting features is burdensome. In this paper, we ta

Matt DeVos, Mahdieh Malekian

We establish splitter theorems for graph immersions for two families of graphs, $k$-edge-connected graphs, with $k$ even, and 3-edge-connected, internally 4-edge-connected graphs. As a corollary, we prove that every $3$-edge-connected, internally $4$-edge-connected graph on at least seven vertices that immerses $K_5$ also has $K_{3,3}$ as an immersion.

Ryo Asai, Jay Shah

We introduce a new algorithm for the structural analysis of finite abstract simplicial complexes based on local homology. Through an iterative and top-down procedure, our algorithm computes a stratification $π$ of the poset $P$ of simplices of a simplicial complex $K$, such that for each strata $P_{π=i} \subset P$, $P_{π=i}$ is maximal among all open subpose

Mariano Echeverria

The contact invariant is an element in the monopole Floer homology groups of an oriented closed three manifold canonically associated to a given contact structure. A non-vanishing contact invariant implies that the original contact structure is tight, so understanding its behavior under symplectic cobordisms is of interest if one wants to further exploit thi

Zhi-Min Chen

For a pulsating free surface source in a three-dimensional finite depth fluid domain, the Green function of the source presented by John [F. John, On the motion of floating bodies II. Simple harmonic motions, Communs. Pure Appl. Math. 3 (1950) 45-101] is superposed as the Rankine source potential, an image source potential and a wave integral in the infinite

Nikhil Sivadas, Satoshi Okamoto, Xiaodong Xu, Craig. J. Fennie

We report the connection between the stacking order and magnetic properties of bilayer CrI$_3$ using first-principles calculations. We show that the stacking order defines the magnetic ground state. By changing the interlayer stacking order one can tune the interlayer exchange interaction between antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic. To measure the predicted

Andreas Ketterer, Nikolai Wyderka, Otfried Gühne

The experimental detection of multipartite entanglement usually requires a number of appropriately chosen local quantum measurements which are aligned with respect to a previously shared common reference frame. The latter, however, can be a challenging prerequisite e.g. for satellite-based photonic quantum communication, making the development of alternative

Maohua Le, Reese Scott, Robert Styer

Let $a$, $b$, $c$ be fixed coprime positive integers with $\min\{a,b,c\}>1$. In this survey, we consider some unsolved problems and related works concerning the positive integer solutions $(x,y,z)$ of the ternary purely exponential diophantine equation $a^x + b^y = c^z$.

Zhi-Min Chen

An alternative manner is provided for solving the classical linearised problem of the radiation and diffraction of regular water waves caused by oscillation of a floating body in deep water. It is shown that the singular wave integrals of the three-dimensional free surface Green function $G$ and its gradient $\nabla G$ can be regarded as regular wave integra

Alexander Sidorenko

Let $G$ be a finite abelian group, and $r$ be a multiple of its exponent. The generalized Erdős-Ginzburg-Ziv constant $s_r(G)$ is the smallest integer $s$ such that every sequence of length $s$ over $G$ has a zero-sum subsequence of length $r$. We find exact values of $s_{2m}(\mathbb{Z}_2^d)$ for $d \leq 2m+1$. Connections to linear binary codes of maximal l

Felipe Contreras, Norman Cruz, Emilio Elizalde, Esteban González

Cosmological fluids with a Generalized Equation of State (GEoS) are here considered, whose corresponding EoS parameter $ω$ describes a fluid with phantom behavior, namely $ω<-1$, but leading to universes free of singularities at any past or future, finite time. Thus avoiding, in particular, the Big Bang and the Big Rip singularities, the last one considered

Soumya Chakrabarti, Rituparno Goswami, Sunil Maharaj, Narayan Banerjee

The present work includes an analytical investigation of a collapsing spherical star in f (R) gravity. The interior of the collapsing star admits a conformal flatness. Information regarding the fate of the collapse is extracted from the matching conditions of the extrinsic curvature and the Ricci curvature scalar across the boundary hypersurface of the star.

Junteng Jia, Austin R. Benson

Core-periphery structure is a common property of complex networks, which is a composition of tightly connected groups of core vertices and sparsely connected periphery vertices. This structure frequently emerges in traffic systems, biology, and social networks via underlying spatial positioning of the vertices. While core-periphery structure is ubiquitous, t

Anna Köhne, Vera Traub, Jens Vygen

We show that the classical LP relaxation of the asymmetric traveling salesman path problem (ATSPP) has constant integrality ratio. If $ρ_{\text{ATSP}}$ and $ρ_{\text{ATSPP}}$ denote the integrality ratios for the asymmetric TSP and its path version, then $ρ_{\text{ATSPP}}\le 4ρ_{\text{ATSP}}-3$. We prove an even better bound for node-weighted instances: if t

F. Zeuner, A. Feller, F. A. Iglesias, S. K. Solanki

Scattering polarization in the Sr I 4607.3 Å\ line observed with high resolution is an important diagnostic of the Sun&#39;s atmosphere and magnetism at small spatial scales. At present, spatially resolved observations of this diagnostic are rare and have not been reported as close to the disk center as for $μ=0.6$. Our aim is to measure the scattering polar

Simone Ugolini

In this paper we prove some results on the possible multiplicative orders of $α+ α^{-1}$ when $α$ is a non-zero element of a finite field of characteristic 2. The results of the paper rely on a previous investigation on the structure of the graphs associated with the map $x \mapsto x + x^{-1}$ in finite fields of characteristic 2.

Merav Opher, Abraham Loeb, James Drake, Gabor Toth

The shape of the solar wind bubble within the interstellar medium, the so-called heliosphere, has been explored over six decades. As the Sun moves through the surrounding partially-ionized medium, neutral hydrogen atoms penetrate the heliosphere, and through charge-exchange with the supersonic solar wind, create a population of hot pick-up ions (PUIs). The T

Valeri Frumkin, Moran Bercovici

We present a theoretical description and an experimental realization of a thermocapillary dipole induced in a Hele-Shaw cell under a steady temperature gradient. We demonstrate experimentally how several dipoles can be superposed in order to create various 2D flow patterns, and how a confined dipole can act as a thermocapillary motor for driving fluids in mi

Zhaoxing Gao, Ruey S Tsay

This paper considers a structural-factor approach to modeling high-dimensional time series and space-time data by decomposing individual series into trend, seasonal, and irregular components. For ease in analyzing many time series, we employ a time polynomial for the trend, a linear combination of trigonometric series for the seasonal component, and a new fa

Jiro Hashiba

We study a toy model in which Majorana or Dirac fermions behave as the source for a small vacuum energy in the present Universe. In the model, a self-interacting scalar boson coupled with fermions induces attractive and repulsive interactions between the fermions simultaneously. These interactions allow for the existence of a metastable state with positive e

Yurui Wei, Yi Huang, Yueyue Liu, Huiliang Wu

Understanding the Gilbert damping in exchange-coupled multilayer materials is particularly important to develop future fast switching spintronics devices. Here, we report an experimental investigation of temperature-dependent Gilbert damping in [Co/Pd]n/Py multilayer films of varying the number of Co/Pd repetitions by ferromagnetic resonance. The results dem

Daniele Morbidelli

In the setting of step two Carnot groups, we show a &#34;cone property&#34; for horizontally convex sets. Namely we prove that, given a horizontally convex set $C$, a pair of points $P\in \partial C$ and $Q\in $ int $C$, both belonging to a horizontal line $\ell$, then an open truncated subRiemannian cone around $\ell$ and with vertex at $P$ is contained in

Niccolò Ronchetti

We explore the structure of the derived spherical Hecke algebra of a $p$-adic group, a graded associative algebra whose degree $0$ subalgebra is the classical spherical Hecke algebra. Working with $\mathbb Z/ p^a$ coefficients, we establish a Satake homomorphism relating this graded algebra to the corresponding graded algebra for the torus. We investigate th

Ignacio Francisco Ramírez Paulino

Many signal processing algorithms break the target signal into overlapping segments (also called windows, or patches), process them separately, and then stitch them back into place to produce a unified output. At the overlaps, the final value of those samples that are estimated more than once needs to be decided in some way. Averaging, the simplest approach,

Ji Ma, Kuzman Ganchev, David Weiss

A wide variety of neural-network architectures have been proposed for the task of Chinese word segmentation. Surprisingly, we find that a bidirectional LSTM model, when combined with standard deep learning techniques and best practices, can achieve better accuracy on many of the popular datasets as compared to models based on more complex neural-network arch

B. J. Reschovsky, B. P. Ruzic, H. Miyake, N. C. Pisenti

Using new experimental measurements of photoassociation resonances near the $^1\mathrm{S}_0 \rightarrow \phantom{ }^3\mathrm{P}_1$ intercombination transition in $^{84}$Sr and $^{86}$Sr, we present an updated study into the mass-scaling behavior of bosonic strontium dimers. A previous mass-scaling model [Borkowski et al., Phys. Rev. A 90, 032713 (2014)] was

Stefan Wilfert, Paolo Sessi, Zhiwei Wang, Henrik Schmidt

Recently the doping of topological insulators has attracted significant interest as a potential route towards topological superconductivity. Because many experimental techniques lack sufficient surface sensitivity, however, a definite proof of the coexistence of topological surface states and surface superconductivity is still outstanding. Here we report on

Lobsang Dhargyal

In this work we extend the SM by introducing only exotic scalars and leptons and show that within the reasonable error limits, both the observed anomalies in $R(D^{(*)})$ and $R_{K^{(*)}}$ can be explained along with satisfying all the constrains from nuetral meson oscillations, precision Z-pole data etc. In a trivial extension of our model with addition of

Keting Lu, Shiqi Zhang, Xiaoping Chen

Reinforcement learning methods have been used for learning dialogue policies. However, learning an effective dialogue policy frequently requires prohibitively many conversations. This is partly because of the sparse rewards in dialogues, and the very few successful dialogues in early learning phase. Hindsight experience replay (HER) enables learning from fai

Barbara Buades, Antonio Picon, Emma Berger, Iker Leon

Recent developments in attosecond technology led to tabletop X-ray spectroscopy in the soft X-ray range, thus uniting the element- and state-specificity of core-level x-ray absorption spectroscopy with the time resolution to follow electronic dynamics in real time. We describe recent work in attosecond technology and investigations into materials such as Si,

Johan P. Hansen

Toric varieties and their associated toric codes, as well as determination of their parameters with intersection theory, are presented in the two dimensional case. Linear Secret Sharing Schemes with strong multiplication are constructed from toric varieties and codes by the J. L. Massey construction. Asymmetric Quantum Codes are obtained from toric codes by

M. J. Way, A. D. Del Genio, I. Aleinov, T. L. Clune

We present a large ensemble of simulations of an Earth-like world with increasing insolation and rotation rate. Unlike previous work utilizing idealized aquaplanet configurations we focus our simulations on modern Earth-like topography. The orbital period is the same as modern Earth, but with zero obliquity and eccentricity. The atmosphere is 1 bar N$_{2}$-d

Masaki Shimizu, Paul Manneville

In wall-bounded parallel flows, sustained turbulence can occur even while laminar flow is still stable. Channel flow is one of such flows and displays spatio-temporal fluctuating patterns of localized turbulence along its way from/to featureless turbulence. By direct numerical simulation, we study the observed inconsistency between turbulence decay according

Burhan Gulbahar

Quantum history states were recently formulated by extending the consistent histories approach of Griffiths to the entangled superposition of evolution paths and were then experimented with Greenberger--Horne--Zeilinger states. Tensor product structure of history-dependent correlations was also recently exploited as a quantum computing resource in simple lin

Tobias Binder, Laura Covi, Kyohei Mukaida

Traditional computations of the dark matter (DM) relic abundance, for models where attractive self-interactions are mediated by light force-carriers and bound states exist, rely on the solution of a coupled system of classical on-shell Boltzmann equations. This idealized description misses important thermal effects caused by the tight coupling among force-ca

N. Yu. Astrakhantsev, V. G. Bornyakov, V. V. Braguta, E. -M. Ilgenfritz

In this paper we study the interactions among a static quark-antiquark pair in the presence of dense two-color quark matter with lattice simulation. To this end we compute Polyakov line correlation functions and determine the renormalized color averaged, color singlet and color triplet grand potentials. The color singlet grand potential allows us to elucidat

Alberto Vela-Martín, Miguel P. Encinar, Adrián García-Gutiérrez, Javier Jiménez

In this paper a novel low-storage method for time-resolved databases is presented. This approach reduces the storage cost of time-resolved databases by storing filtered flow fields that target the large and intermediate scales, while retaining all the information needed to fully reconstruct the flow at the level of filtered flow fields and complete second-or

Weiling Dong, Hailong Liu, Jitendra K Behera, Li Lu

Light strongly interacts with structures that are of a similar scale to its wavelength; typically nanoscale features for light in the visible spectrum. However, the optical response of these nanostructures is usually fixed during the fabrication. Phase change materials offer a way to tune the properties of these structures in nanoseconds. Until now, phase ch

Olaf Müller

We prove Cheeger-Gromov convergence for a subsequence of a given sequence of manifolds-with-boundary of bounded geometry. The method of the proof is to reduce, via height functions, the problem to the setting of Hamilton&#39;s compactnes theorem for manifolds without boundary.

Moritz Reintjes, Blake Temple

Shock wave solutions of the Einstein equations have been constructed in coordinate systems in which the gravitational metric is only Lipschitz continuous, but the connection $Γ$ and curvature $Riem(Γ)$ are both in $L^{\infty}$. At this low level of regularity, the physical meaning of such gravitational metrics remains problematic. Here we address the mathema

Nigel J. Newton

We construct a family of non-parametric (infinite-dimensional) manifolds of finite measures on $R^d$. The manifolds are modelled on a variety of weighted Sobolev spaces, including Hilbert-Sobolev spaces and mixed-norm spaces. Each supports the Fisher-Rao metric as a weak Riemannian metric. Densities are expressed in terms of a deformed exponential function h

Martin R. Evans, Satya N. Majumdar

We consider a particle undergoing run and tumble dynamics, in which its velocity stochastically reverses, in one dimension. We study the addition of a Poissonian resetting process occurring with rate $r$. At a reset event the particle&#39;s position is returned to the resetting site $X_r$ and the particle&#39;s velocity is reversed with probability $η$. The

Manoussos G. Grillakis, Matei Machedon

We prove local in time, uniform in $N$, estimates for the solutions $ϕ$, $Λ$ and $Γ$ of a coupled system of Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov type with interaction potential $v_N(x-y) =N^{3 β} v(N^β(x-y))$, with $β<1$ and $v$ a Schwartz function (satisfying additional technical requirements). The initial conditions are general functions in a Sobolev-type space, and th

M. ten Eikelder, I. Akkerman

This paper presents the notion of a variation entropy. This concept is an entropy framework for the gradient of the solution of a conservation law instead of on the solution itself. It appears that all semi-norms are admissible variation entropies. This provides insight into the total variation diminishing property and justifies it from entropy principles. T

Tony E. Wong

Projections of storm surge return levels are a basic requirement for effective management of coastal risks. A common approach to estimate hazards posed by extreme sea levels is to use a statistical model, which may use a time series of a climate variable as a covariate to modulate the statistical model and account for potentially nonstationary storm surge be

Xueyuan Wan

In this paper, we introduce the associated geodesic-Einstein flow for a relatively ample line bundle $L$ over the total space $\mathcal{X}$ of a holomorphic fibration and obtain a few properties of that flow. In particular, we prove that the pair $(\mathcal{X}, L)$ is nonlinear semistable if the {associated} Donaldson type functional is bounded from below an

Jan Obloj, Johannes Wiesel

We unify and establish equivalence between the pathwise and the quasi-sure approaches to robust modelling of financial markets in discrete time. In particular, we prove a Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing and a Superhedging Theorem, which encompass the formulations of [Bouchard, B., & Nutz, M. (2015). Arbitrage and duality in nondominated discrete-time mo

Anabik Pal, Akshay Chaturvedi, Utpal Garain, Aditi Chandra

This paper presents an approach for automatic detection of Munro&#39;s Microabscess in stratum corneum (SC) of human skin biopsy in order to realize a machine assisted diagnosis of Psoriasis. The challenge of detecting neutrophils in presence of nucleated cells is solved using the recent advances of deep learning algorithms. Separation of SC layer, extractio

Wenxiong Chen, Wei Dai, Guolin Qin

In this paper, we consider the critical order Hardy-Hénon equations \begin{equation*} (-Δ)^{\frac{n}{2}}u(x)=\frac{u^{p}(x)}{|x|^{a}}, \,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\,\, x \, \in \,\, \mathbb{R}^{n}, \end{equation*} where $n\geq4$ is even, $-\infty<a<n$, and $1<p<+\infty$. We first prove a Liouville theorem (Theorem \ref{Thm0}), that is, the unique nonnegative solution

William H. Kinney, Sunny Vagnozzi, Luca Visinelli

We consider single-field inflation in light of string-motivated &#34;swampland&#34; conjectures suggesting that effective scalar field theories with a consistent UV completion must have field excursion $Δϕ\lesssim M_{\rm Pl}$, in combination with a sufficiently steep potential, $M_{\rm Pl} V_ϕ/V \gtrsim {\cal O}(1)$. Here, we show that the swampland conjectu

Madhura Thosar, Christian A. Mueller, Sebastian Zug

When a robot is operating in a dynamic environment, it cannot be assumed that a tool required to solve a given task will always be available. In case of a missing tool, an ideal response would be to find a substitute to complete the task. In this paper, we present a proof of concept of a grounded knowledge-based approach to tool substitution. In order to val

Tomasz Klimsiak, Andrzej Rozkosz

Let $Q=(0,T)\timesΩ$, where $Ω$ is a bounded open subset of $\mathbb{R}^d$. We consider the parabolic $p$-capacity on $Q$ naturally associated with the usual $p$-Laplacian. Droniou, Porretta and Prignet have shown that if a bounded Radon measure $μ$ on $Q$ is diffuse, i.e. charges no set of zero $p$-capacity, $p>1$, then it is of the form $μ=f+\mbox{div}(G)+

Sándor Zsuppán

We derive an improved Poincaré inequality in connection with the Babuška-Aziz and Friedrichs-Velte inequalities for differential forms by estimating the domain specific optimal constants figuring in the respective inequalities with each other provided the domain supports the Hardy inequality. We also derive upper estimates for the constants of a star-shaped

Hyunseung Kang, Luke Keele

Cluster randomized trials (CRTs) are popular in public health and in the social sciences to evaluate a new treatment or policy where the new policy is randomly allocated to clusters of units rather than individual units. CRTs often feature both noncompliance, when individuals within a cluster are not exposed to the intervention, and individuals within a clus

Shuai Zhang, Yi Tay, Lina Yao, Aixin Sun

In this paper, we propose a novel sequence-aware recommendation model. Our model utilizes self-attention mechanism to infer the item-item relationship from user&#39;s historical interactions. With self-attention, it is able to estimate the relative weights of each item in user interaction trajectories to learn better representations for user&#39;s transient

Hai-Bing Fu, Long Zeng, Rong Lü, Wei Cheng

The measured branching ratio of the $D$ meson semileptonic decay $D \to ρe^+ ν_e$, which is based on the $0.82~{\rm fb^{-1}}$ CLEO data taken at the peak of $ψ(3770)$ resonance, disagrees with the traditional SVZ sum rules analysis by about three times. In the paper, we show that this discrepancy can be eliminated by applying the QCD light-cone sum rules (LC

Sebastian Schlag, Christian Schulz, Daniel Seemaier, Darren Strash

Edge-centric distributed computations have appeared as a recent technique to improve the shortcomings of think-like-a-vertex algorithms on large scale-free networks. In order to increase parallelism on this model, edge partitioning - partitioning edges into roughly equally sized blocks - has emerged as an alternative to traditional (node-based) graph partiti

Shu Yang, Karen Pieper, Frank Cools

Structural failure time models are causal models for estimating the effect of time-varying treatments on a survival outcome. G-estimation and artificial censoring have been proposed to estimate the model parameters in the presence of time-dependent confounding and administrative censoring. However, most of existing methods require manually preprocessing data

Tim Binz

We study strictly elliptic differential operators with Dirichlet boundary conditions on the space $\mathrm{C}(\overline{M})$ of continuous functions on a compact, Riemannian manifold $\overline{M}$ with boundary and prove sectoriality with optimal angle $\fracπ{2}$.

Omer Guleryuz

We develop a string-motivated dynamical Gauss--Bonnet completion of Starobinsky inflation. Since a constant Gauss--Bonnet term is topological in four dimensions, observable effects must arise from a modulus, dilaton, or compactification threshold whose value changes during inflation. We formulate the system as a scalar--Gauss--Bonnet effective theory, derive

Daniele Torelli, Thomas Olsen

Magnetic order in two-dimensional (2D) materials is intimately coupled to magnetic anisotropy (MA) since the Mermin-Wagner theorem implies that rotational symmetry cannot be spontaneously broken at finite temperatures in 2D. Large MA thus comprises a key ingredient in the search for magnetic 2D materials that retains the magnetic order above room temperature