February 2019 arXiv papers — page 27

Sebastián Marchi-Lasch, Ricardo R. Muñoz, Felipe A. Santana, Julio A. Carballo-Bello

In this work we use structural properties of Milky Way's outer halo ($R_G > 25\,\mathrm{kpc}$) satellites (dwarf spheroidal galaxies, ultra-faint dwarf galaxies and globular clusters) derived from deep, wide-field and homogeneous data, to present evidence of a correlation in the Sérsic index v/s effective radius plane followed by a large fraction of oute

Barbara Sarri, Rafaël Canonge, Xavier Audier, Emma Simon

Conventional haematoxylin, eosin and saffron (HES) histopathology, currently the gold-standard for pathological diagnosis of cancer, requires extensive sample preparations that are achieved within time scales that are not compatible with intra-operative situations where quick decisions must be taken. Providing to pathologists a close to real-time technology

Kirsten Wickelgren, Ben Williams

We give an introduction to unstable motivic homotopy theory of Morel and Voevodsky, and survey some results.

Eva Vanmassenhove, Amit Moryossef, Alberto Poncelas, Andy Way

We present our system for the CLIN29 shared task on cross-genre gender detection for Dutch. We experimented with a multitude of neural models (CNN, RNN, LSTM, etc.), more "traditional" models (SVM, RF, LogReg, etc.), different feature sets as well as data pre-processing. The final results suggested that using tokenized, non-lowercased data works best

Mojtaba Falahati, Farnoosh Attar, Majid Sharifi, Thomas Haertle

Nanoparticle (NP)-protein complexes exhibit the correct identity of NP in biological media. Therefore, protein-NP interactions should be closely explored to understand and to modulate the nature of NPs in medical implementations. This review focuses mainly on the physicochemical parameters such as dimension, surface chemistry, the morphology of NPs and influ

Z. Faidon Brotzakis, Dan Mendels, Michele Parrinello

Many processes of scientific and technological interest are characterized by time scales that render their simulation impossible if one uses present day simulation capabilities. To overcome this challenge a variety of enhanced simulation methods has been developed. A much-used class of methods relies on the use of collective variables. The efficiency of thes

Stan Gudder

This article presents a simple characterization for entangled vectors in a finite dimensional Hilbert space $H$. The characterization is in terms of the coefficients of an expansion of the vector relative to an orthonormal basis for $H$. This simple necessary and sufficient condition contains a restriction and we also present a more complicated condition tha

Chih-Hao Hsia, Yong Zhang, Sun Kwok, Wayne Chau

We present high-angular-resolution {\it Hubble Space Telescope (HST)} optical and near-infrared imaging of the compact planetary nebula (PN) IRAS 21282+5050. Optical images of this object reveal several complex morphological structures including three pairs of bipolar lobes and an elliptical shell lying close to the plane of the sky. From near-infrared obser

Jonathan Sterling

It is commonly believed that algebraic notions of type theory support only universes à la Tarski, and that universes à la Russell must be removed by elaboration. We clarify the state of affairs, recalling the details of Cartmell's discipline of _generalized algebraic theory_, showing how to formulate an algebraic version of Coquand's cumulative cwfs

Haroldas Giedra, Romas Alonderis

The automated proof search system and decidability for logic of correlated knowledge is presented in this paper. The core of the proof system is the sequent calculus with the properties of soundness, completeness, admissibility of cut and structural rules, and invertibility of all rules. The proof search procedure based on the sequent calculus performs autom

Vedran Čačić, Marko Doko, Marko Horvat

Reordering the terms of a series is a useful mathematical device, and much is known about when it can be done without affecting the convergence or the sum of the series. For example, if a series of real numbers absolutely converges, we can add the even-indexed and odd-indexed terms separately, or arrange the terms in an infinite two-dimensional table and fir

R. M. Brown, L. D. Croyle

We consider the $L^q$-mixed problem in domains in ${\bf R}^n$ with $C^ {1,1}$-boundary. We assume that the boundary between the sets where we specify Neumann and Dirichlet data is Lipschitz. With these assumptions, we show that we may solve the $L^q$-mixed problem for $q$ in the range $1<q < n/(n-1)$.

Suzanne B. van Dam, Julia Cramer, Tim H. Taminiau, R. Hanson

We report on the realization and application of non-destructive three-qubit parity measurements on nuclear spin qubits in diamond. We use high-fidelity quantum logic to map the parity of the joint state of three nuclear spin qubits onto an electronic spin qubit that acts as an ancilla, followed by single-shot non-destructive readout of the ancilla combined w

Jean-Christophe Loison, Valentine Wakelam, Pierre Gratier, Kevin M. Hickson

We have developed the first gas-grain chemical model for oxygen fractionation (also including sulphur fractionation) in dense molecular clouds, demonstrating that gas-phase chemistry generates variable oxygen fractionation levels, with a particularly strong effect for NO, SO, O2, and SO2. This large effect is due to the efficiency of the neutral 18O + NO, 18

Michal Boczek, Anton Hovana, Ondrej Hutník

We prove a~general form of Chebyshev type inequality for generalized upper Sugeno integral in the form of necessary and sufficient condition. A key role in our considerations is played by the~class of $m$-positively dependent functions which includes comonotone functions as a~proper subclass. As a~consequence, we state an equivalent condition for Chebyshev t

Nazariy Andrushchak, Petra Goering, Anatoliy Andrushchak

In this paper the state-of-the-art for exploiting the unique physical and chemical properties of crystalline materials and their possible applications for development of crystalline nanocomposites with the tailored anisotropy were discussed. Using a method of growing crystals from a solution the KDP and TGS nanocrystalites were grown in the mezopores of the

Iwan Kityk, Ahmed El-Naggar, Abdullah Albassam, Nazariy Andrushchak

A principal possibility of formation the nanostructures on the surfaces of 50PbO-25Bi$_2$O$_3$-20Ga$_2$O$_3$-5BaO (doped by Eu3+, Er3+, Dy3+) is demonstrated by using multi-coherent beams. As a sources of the photoinducing coherent light we have used nanosecond Nd:YAG and Er:Yb lasers generating at 1064 nm and 1540 nm, respectively. The morphology of the pho

Ananya B. Sai, Mithun Das Gupta, Mitesh M. Khapra, Mukundhan Srinivasan

Automatically evaluating the quality of dialogue responses for unstructured domains is a challenging problem. ADEM(Lowe et al. 2017) formulated the automatic evaluation of dialogue systems as a learning problem and showed that such a model was able to predict responses which correlate significantly with human judgements, both at utterance and system level. T

Lea Frermann, Mirella Lapata

Categories such as animal or furniture are acquired at an early age and play an important role in processing, organizing, and communicating world knowledge. Categories exist across cultures: they allow to efficiently represent the complexity of the world, and members of a community strongly agree on their nature, revealing a shared mental representation. Mod

Nazariy Andrushchak, Dmytro Vynnyk, Anatoliy Andrushchak, Volodymyr Haiduchok

In this paper, the technology of growing ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) crystals in pores of nanoporous aluminum oxide (Al2O3) matrices was presented. On the grown nanocomposites, the optical properties of such structures were studied. In particular, the direct and diffuse optical transmission, as well as specular reflection of Al2O3 matrices with ADP c

Jaime Ashander, Lisa C. Thompson, James N. Sanchirico, Marissa L. Baskett

&#39;Evolutionary rescue&#39; is the potential for evolution to enable population persistence in a changing environment. Even with eventual rescue, evolutionary time lags can cause the population size to temporarily fall below a threshold susceptible to extinction. To reduce extinction risk given human-driven global change, conservation management can enhanc

Raphael Gerlach, Péter Koltai, Michael Dellnitz

Embedding techniques allow the approximations of finite dimensional attractors and manifolds of infinite dimensional dynamical systems via subdivision and continuation methods. These approximations give a topological one-to-one image of the original set. In order to additionally reveal their geometry we use diffusion mapst o find intrinsic coordinates. We il

Cihan A. Bayindir

We show the existence and investigate the dynamics and statistics of rogue oscillations (standing waves) generated in the frame of the nonlinear quantum harmonic oscillator (NQHO). With this motivation, in this paper, we develop a split-step Fourier scheme for the computational analysis of NQHO. We show that modulation instability excites the generation of r

Isabeau Birindelli, Giulio Galise, Hitoshi Ishii

We study the Dirichlet problem on a bounded convex domain of $\mathbb R^N$, with zero boundary data, for truncated Laplacians ${\mathcal P}_k^\pm$, with $k<N$. We establish a necessary and sufficient condition (Theorem 1) in terms of the &#34;flatness&#34; of domains for existence of a solution for general inhomogeneous term. This result, in particular, show

Luca Di Persio, Luca Prezioso, Kai Wallbaum

Recent years have seen an emerging class of structured financial products based on options linked to dynamic asset allocation strategies. One of the most chosen approach is the so-called target volatility mechanism. It shifts between risky and riskless assets to control the volatility of the overall portfolio. Even if a series of articles have been already d

Ivan Dimitrijevic, Branko Dragovich, Zoran Rakic, Jelena Stankovic

We consider nonlocal modified Einstein gravity without matter, where nonlocal term has the form $P(R) F(\Box) Q(R)$. For this model, in this paper we give the derivation of the equations of motion in detail. This is not an easy task and presented derivation should be useful to a researcher who wants to investigate nonlocal gravity. Also, we present the secon

Diego Moussallem, Mihael Arčan, Axel-Cyrille Ngonga Ngomo, Paul Buitelaar

While neural networks have been used extensively to make substantial progress in the machine translation task, they are known for being heavily dependent on the availability of large amounts of training data. Recent efforts have tried to alleviate the data sparsity problem by augmenting the training data using different strategies, such as back-translation.

Satyanand Singh

We consider the set $A_{n}=\displaystyle\cup_{j=0}^{\infty}\{\varepsilon_{j}(n)\cdot n^j\colon\varepsilon_{j}(n)\in\{0,\pm1,\pm2,...,\pm\lfloor{{n}/{2}}\rfloor\}\} $. Let $\mathcal{S}_{\mathcal{A}}= \bigcup_{a \in\mathcal{A} } A_{a}$ where $\mathcal{A}\subseteq \mathbb{N}$. We denote by $λ_{\mathcal{A}}(h)$ the smallest positive integer that can be represent

Fabio Botelho

In this article, we develop an algorithm suitable for constrained optimization in $\mathbb{R}^n$. The results are developed through standard tools of n-dimensional real analysis and basic concepts of optimization. Indeed, the well known Banach fixed point theorem has a fundamental role in the main result establishment.

Nino Krvavica

This short article presents explicit expressions for roots of a quartic equation that has all four real roots. Although a general expression for quartic roots is available on Wikipedia, an optimized and slightly shorter expression for only real roots is presented here.

Rekha Gautam, Yinxiao Xiang, Josh Lamstein, Yi Liang

Osmotic conditions play an important role in the cell properties of human red blood cells (RBCs), which are crucial for the pathological analysis of some blood diseases such as malaria. Over the past decades, numerous efforts have mainly focused on the study of the RBC biomechanical properties that arise from the unique deformability of erythrocytes. Here, w

Gregory J. Galloway

In this paper, we review results on the existence (and nonexistence) of constant mean curvature spacelike hypersurfaces in the cosmological setting, and discuss the connection to the spacetime splittng problem. It is a pleasure to dedicate this paper to Robert Bartnik, who has made fundamental contributions to this area.

Sumit Agarwal, Harshit S. Sikchi, Suparna Rooj, Shubhobrata Bhattacharya

Face recognition in real life situations like low illumination condition is still an open challenge in biometric security. It is well established that the state-of-the-art methods in face recognition provide low accuracy in the case of poor illumination. In this work, we propose an algorithm for a more robust illumination invariant face recognition using a m

Khilesh Kumar Bhandari, Arka Mandal, Md. Basiruddin Sk, Arghya Deb

This investigation demonstrates a way to innovatively modify the ferritic microstructure at a local scale, particularly at the failure prone area such as Charpy V-notch (CVN) root. Tensile pre-strain (PS) up to 6 percent and 12 percent were employed before annealing (An) the samples at 650°C for 15 minutes. Ferrite grain size increased sharply and gradually

Chi Zhang, Kai Qiao, Linyuan Wang, Li Tong

Background: Building visual encoding models to accurately predict visual responses is a central challenge for current vision-based brain-machine interface techniques. To achieve high prediction accuracy on neural signals, visual encoding models should include precise visual features and appropriate prediction algorithms. Most existing visual encoding models

Zhongyi Hu, Raymond Chiong, Ilung Pranata, Willy Susilo

Malicious web domains represent a big threat to web users&#39; privacy and security. With so much freely available data on the Internet about web domains&#39; popularity and performance, this study investigated the performance of well-known machine learning techniques used in conjunction with this type of online data to identify malicious web domains. Two da

Miroslav Olšák

We prove that an idempotent operation generates a loop from a strongly connected digraph containing directed cycles of all lengths under very mild (local) algebraic assumptions. Using the result, we reprove the existence of a weakest non-trivial idempotent equations, and that a strongly connected digraph with algebraic length 1 compatible with a Taylor term

Bao-qing Guo, Tong Liu, Chang-shui Yu

Quantum thermal devices which can manage heat as their electronic analogues for the electronic currents have attracted increasing attention. Here a three-terminal quantum thermal device is designed by three coupling qubits interacting with three heat baths with different temperatures. Based on the steady-state behavior solved from the dynamics of this system

Weijun ZHU

The existing core methods, which are employed by the popular CTL model checking tools, are facing the famous state explode problem. In our previous study, a method based on the Machine Learning (ML) algorithms was proposed to address this problem. However, the accuracy is not satisfactory. First, we conduct a comprehensive experiment on Graph Lab to seek the

David Aldous, Marc Barthelemy

Motivated by the shape of transportation networks such as subways, we consider a distribution of points in the plane and ask for the network $G$ of given length $L$ that is optimal in a certain sense. In the general model, the optimality criterion is to minimize the average (over pairs of points chosen independently from the distribution) time to travel betw

Renjie Xie, Yanzhi Chen, Yan Wo, Qiao Wang

Deep neural networks (DNN) have been a de facto standard for nowadays biometric recognition solutions. A serious, but still overlooked problem in these DNN-based recognition systems is their vulnerability against adversarial attacks. Adversarial attacks can easily cause the output of a DNN system to greatly distort with only tiny changes in its input. Such d

Yaroslav V. Kartashov, Gregory E. Astrakharchik, Boris A. Malomed, Lluis Torner

We review the state of the art and recently obtained theoretical and experimental results for two- and three-dimensional (2D and 3D) solitons and related states, such as quantum droplets, in optical systems, atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), and other fields - in particular, liquid crystals. The central challenge is avoiding the trend of 2D and 3D sol

Y. K. Hsiao, Yu Yao, H. J. Zhao

We study the two-body anti-triplet charmed baryon decays of ${\bf B}_c\to {\bf B}_n V$, with ${\bf B}_c=(Ξ_c^{0},-Ξ_c^{+},Λ_c^+)$ and ${\bf B}_n(V)$ the baryon (vector meson) states. Based on the $SU(3)$ flavor symmetry, we predict that ${\cal B}(Λ^{+}_{c}\to Σ^{+}ρ^{0},Λ^0 ρ^+)=(0.61\pm 0.46,0.74\pm 0.34)\%$, in agreement with the experimental upper bounds

Matthew Deakin, Constance Crozier, Dimitra Apostolopoulou, Thomas Morstyn

Hosting capacity is defined as the level of penetration that a particular technology can connect to a distribution network without causing power quality problems. In this work, we study the impact of solar photovoltaics (PV) on voltage rise. In most cases, the locations and sizes of the PV are not known in advance, so hosting capacity must be considered as a

Feng Wang, Hong Xing, Jie Xu

This paper considers a wireless powered multiuser mobile edge computing (MEC) system, where a multi-antenna access point (AP) employs the radio-frequency (RF) signal based wireless power transfer (WPT) to charge a number of distributed users, and each user utilizes the harvested energy to execute computation tasks via local computing and task offloading. We

Armin Schikorra

Recently, Lenzmann and the author observed how to obtain a large class of sharp commutator estimates by a combination of an integration by parts, an harmonic extension, and trace space estimates. In this survey we review this approach in three concrete examples: the Jacobian estimate by Coifman-Lions-Meyer-Semmes, the Coifman-Rochberg-Weiss commutator estima

José A. S. Pelegrín, Alfonso Romero, Rafael M. Rubio

A characterization of the foliation by spacelike slices of an $(n+1)$-dimensional spatially closed Generalized Robertson-Walker spacetime is given by means of studying a natural mean curvature type equation on spacelike graphs. Under some natural assumptions, of physical or geometric nature, all the entire solutions of such an equation are obtained. In parti

Gunther Cronenberg, Philippe Brax, Hanno Filter, Peter Geltenbort

The standard model of cosmology provides a robust description of the evolution of the universe. Nevertheless, the small magnitude of the vacuum energy is troubling from a theoretical point of view. An appealing resolution to this problem is to introduce additional scalar fields. However, these have so far escaped experimental detection, suggesting some kind

Yang Li

We construct a family of Calabi-Yau metrics on $\C^3$ with properties analogous to the Taub-NUT metric on $\C^2$, and construct a family of Calabi-Yau 3-fold metric models on the positive and negative vertices of SYZ fibrations with properties analogous to the Ooguri-Vafa metric.

Filip Marić, Bojan Vučković, Miodrag Živković

The Frankl&#39;s conjecture, formulated in 1979. and still open, states that in every family of sets closed for unions there is an element contained in at least half of the sets. A family Fc is called Frankl-complete (or FC-family) if in every union-closed family F containing Fc, one of the elements of union Fc occurs in at least half of the elements of F (s

Abolghasem Daeichian, Farid Sheikholeslam

Two level quantum system (Qubit) and non-classical states of light such as single photon and superposition of coherent state are under special attention in quantum technologies such as quantum computing, quantum communication and quantum computers. So, behavior of two-level system driven by such inputs is important. In this paper, the behavior of two-level q

Andrea Bergamini, Marco Miniaci, Tommaso Delpero, Gwenael Hannema

The study of vibrational properties in engineered periodic structures relies on the early intuitions of Haüy and Boscovich, who regarded crystals as ensembles of periodically arranged mass points interacting via attractive and repulsive forces. Contrary to electromagnetism, where mechanical properties do not couple to the wave propagation mechanism, in elast

A. R. Mirotin

The functional calculus of semigroup generators, based on the class of Bernstein functions in several variables is developed, the condition for holomorphy of semigroups, generated by operators which arisen in the calculus is given, and in the one-dimensional case the moment inequality for such operators is proved.

Taras Banakh, Serhii Bardyla, Alex Ravsky

We construct a metrizable semitopological semilattice $X$ whose partial order $P=\{(x,y)\in X\times X:xy=x\}$ is a non-closed dense subset of $X\times X$. As a by-product we find necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a (metrizable) Hausdorff topology on a set, act, semigroup or semilattice, having a prescribed countable family of convergen

Vesselin Drensky

Let $K[X_d,Y_d]=K[x_1,\ldots,x_d,y_1,\ldots,y_d]$ be the polynomial algebra in $2d$ variables over a field $K$ of characteristic 0 and let $δ$ be the derivation of $K[X_d,Y_d]$ defined by $δ(y_i)=x_i$, $δ(x_i)=0$, $i=1,\ldots,d$. In 1994 Nowicki conjectured that the algebra $K[X_d,Y_d]^δ$ of constants of $δ$ is generated by $X_d$ and $x_iy_j-y_ix_j$ for all

Nghiep Khoan Duong, M. Raju, A. P. Petrovic, R. Tomasello

We present a study of the stability of room-temperature skyrmions in [Ir/Fe/Co/Pt] thin film multilayers, using the First Order Reversal Curve (FORC) technique and magnetic force microscopy (MFM). FORC diagrams reveal irreversible changes in magnetization upon field reversals, which can be correlated with the evolution of local magnetic textures probed by MF

Stefan Eilemann

We are living in the big data age: An ever increasing amount of data is being produced through data acquisition and computer simulations. While large scale analysis and simulations have received significant attention for cloud and high-performance computing, software to efficiently visualise large data sets is struggling to keep up. Visualization has proven

Zi Li Lim, Kai Leong Chong, Guang-Yu Ding, Ke-Qing Xia

We present a numerical study of quasistatic magnetoconvection in a cubic Rayleigh-Bénard (RB) convection cell subjected to a vertical external magnetic field. For moderate values of the Hartmann number Ha, we find an enhancement of heat transport. Furthermore, a maximum heat transport enhancement is observed at certain optimal $Ha_{opt}$. The enhanced heat t

William D. Kirwin, José Mourão, João P. Nunes, Thomas Thiemann

We consider the imaginary time flow of a quadratic hyperbolic Hamiltonian on the symplectic plane, apply it to the Schrödinger polarization and study the corresponding evolution of polarized sections. The flow is periodic in imaginary time and the evolution of polarized sections has interesting features. On the time intervals for which the polarization is re

Dan Betea, Jérémie Bouttier, Peter Nejjar, Mirjana Vuletić

We study edge asymptotics of poissonized Plancherel-type measures on skew Young diagrams (integer partitions). These measures can be seen as generalizations of those studied by Baik--Deift--Johansson and Baik--Rains in resolving Ulam&#39;s problem on longest increasing subsequences of random permutations and the last passage percolation (corner growth) discr

Kayvan Kousha, Mike Thelwall

Dissertations can be the single most important scholarly outputs of junior researchers. Whilst sets of journal articles are often evaluated with the help of citation counts from the Web of Science or Scopus, these do not index dissertations and so their impact is hard to assess. In response, this article introduces a new multistage method to extract Google S

Xue Luo

In this paper, we shall first derive the admissible control input of the multivariate feedback particle filter (FPF) by minimizing the f-divergence of the posterior conditional density function and the empirical conditional density of the controlled particles. On the contrast, in the original derivation \cite{YMM}, a special f-divergence, Kullback-Leibler (K

Tomoaki Ota, Shunya Akiyama, Masayuki Hashisaka, Koji Muraki

Hot electron transport in a quantum Hall edge channel of an AlGaAs/GaAs heterostructure is studied by investigating the energy distribution function in the channel. Ballistic hot-electron transport, its optical-phonon replicas, weak electron-electron scattering, and electron-hole excitation in the Fermi sea are clearly identified in the energy spectra. The o

Takanori Maehara, Kazutoshi Ando

This paper addresses the problem of finding a representation of a subtree distance, which is an extension of the tree metric. We show that a minimal representation is uniquely determined by a given subtree distance, and give a linear time algorithm that finds such a representation. This algorithm achieves the optimal time complexity.

Masaaki Harada

In this note, we construct new doubly even self-dual codes having minimum weight $20$ for lengths $112$, $120$ and $128$. This implies that there are at least three inequivalent extremal doubly even self-dual codes of length $112$.

Roy Ka-Wei Lee, Ming Shan Hee, Philips Kokoh Prasetyo, Ee-Peng Lim

User identity linkage across online social networks is an emerging research topic that has attracted attention in recent years. Many user identity linkage methods have been proposed so far and most of them utilize user profile, content and network information to determine if two social media accounts belong to the same person. In most cases, user identity li

Karim Mosani, Gauranga C. Samanta

Gravitational collapse of a spherically symmetric homogeneous perfect barotropic fluid with linear as well as polytropic type Equation of State (EoS) has been investigated in the framework of a linear model of $f(R,T)$ gravity. This modified gravity has the potential to explain the observed cosmic acceleration. The calculations have been done taking the tran

Hans Hammer, Jim Morel, Yaqi Wang

In this paper we show the extension of the Nonlinear-Diffusion Acceleration (NDA) to geometries containing small voids using a weighted least-squares (WLS) high order equation. Even though the WLS equation is well defined in voids, the low-order drift diffusion equation was not defined in materials with a zero cross section. This paper derives the necessary

Rong Zhu, Kun Zhao, Hongxia Yang, Wei Lin

An increasing number of machine learning tasks require dealing with large graph datasets, which capture rich and complex relationship among potentially billions of elements. Graph Neural Network (GNN) becomes an effective way to address the graph learning problem by converting the graph data into a low dimensional space while keeping both the structural and

Hans Hammer, Jim Morel, Yaqi Wang

Least-squares (LS) forms of the transport equation can circumvent the void problems of other second order forms, but are almost always non-conservative. Additionally, the standard LS form is not compatible with discrete ordinates method (Sn) iterative solution techniques such as source iteration. A new form of the least-squares transport equation has recentl

Minyoung Kim, Pritish Sahu, Behnam Gholami, Vladimir Pavlovic

In unsupervised domain adaptation, it is widely known that the target domain error can be provably reduced by having a shared input representation that makes the source and target domains indistinguishable from each other. Very recently it has been studied that not just matching the marginal input distributions, but the alignment of output (class) distributi

Tamitake Itoh, Yuko S. Yamamoto, Takayuki Okamoto

This study investigated spectral changes in the absorption cross-sections of single strong coupling systems composed of single silver nanoparticle dimers and a few dye molecules during the quenching of surface-enhanced resonant Raman scattering (SERRS). The absorption cross-section was obtained by subtracting the scattering cross-section from an extinction c

Daniel Lokshtanov, Daniel Marx, Saket Saurabh

A central problem in parameterized algorithms is to obtain algorithms with running time $f(k)\cdot n^{O(1)}$ such that $f$ is as slow growing function of the parameter $k$ as possible. In particular, a large number of basic parameterized problems admit parameterized algorithms where $f(k)$ is single-exponential, that is, $c^k$ for some constant $c$, which ma

Naman Agarwal, Brian Bullins, Elad Hazan, Sham M. Kakade

We study the control of a linear dynamical system with adversarial disturbances (as opposed to statistical noise). The objective we consider is one of regret: we desire an online control procedure that can do nearly as well as that of a procedure that has full knowledge of the disturbances in hindsight. Our main result is an efficient algorithm that provides

Raimund Preusser

We define Leavitt path algebras of hypergraphs generalizing simultaneously Leavitt path algebras of finitely separated graphs and Leavitt path algebras of row-finite vertex-weighted graphs. We find linear bases for those algebras, compute their Gelfand-Kirillov dimension, obtain some results on ring-theoretic properties like simplicity, von Neumann regularit

Daikichi Seki, Kenichi Otsuji, Hiroaki Isobe, Takako T. Ishii

Filaments, the dense cooler plasma floating in the solar corona supported by magnetic fields, generally exhibit certain activations before they erupt. In our previous study (Seki et al. 2017 ), we observed that the standard deviation of the line-of-sight (LOS) velocities of the small-scale motions in a filament increased prior to its eruption. However, becau

Fei Wang, Shuonan Wu, Jinchao Xu

In this paper, we study a mixed discontinuous Galerkin (MDG) method to solve linear elasticity problem with arbitrary order discontinuous finite element spaces in $d$-dimension ($d=2,3$). This method uses polynomials of degree $k+1$ for the stress and of degree $k$ for the displacement ($k\geq 0$). The mixed DG scheme is proved to be well-posed under proper

Yunkun Han, Zhanwen Han, Lulu Fan

Fitting the multi-wavelength spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies is a widely used technique to extract information about the physical properties of galaxies. However, a major difficulty lies in the numerous uncertainties regarding almost all ingredients of the SED modeling of galaxies. The Bayesian methods provide a consistent conceptual basis f

Xu Liu, Xiaoqiang Di, Jinqing Li, Huan Wang

Resource allocation is the process of optimizing the rare resources. In the area of security, how to allocate limited resources to protect a massive number of targets is especially challenging. This paper addresses this resource allocation issue by constructing a game theoretic model. A defender and an attacker are players and the interaction is formulated a

Stephen W. Teitsworth, Matthew E. Olson, Yuriy Bomze

Noise-induced switching between coexisting metastable states occurs in a wide range of far-from-equilibrium systems including micro-mechanical oscillators, epidemiological and climate change models, and nonlinear electronic transport in tunneling structures such as semiconductor superlattices and tunnel diodes. In the case of tunnel diode circuits, noise-ind

Ben Hamlin, Fang Song

This work contains two major parts: comprehensively studying the security notions of cryptographic hash functions against quantum attacks and the relationships between them; and revisiting whether Merkle-Damgard and related iterated hash constructions preserve the security properties of the compression function in the quantum setting. Specifically, we adapt

Gianluca Ascolani, Timothy M. Skerry, Damien Lacroix, Enrico Dall&#39;Ara

Background: Mechanotransduction in bone cells plays a pivotal role in osteoblast differentiation and bone remodelling. Mechanotransduction provides the link between modulation of the extracellular matrix and intracellular actions. By controlling the balance between the intracellular and extracellular domains, the mechanotransduction process determines optima

Majid Abbasov

Exhausters are families of convex compact sets that allow one to represent directional derivative of the studied function at the considered point in the form of InfMax or SupMin of linear functions. Functions for which such a representation is valid we call exhausterable. The class of these functions is quite wide and contains many nonsmooth ones. The set wh

Antonio Falco, Wolfgang Hackbusch, Anthony Nouy

The main goal of this paper is to study the topological properties of tensors in tree-based Tucker format. These formats include the Tucker format and the Hierarchical Tucker format. A property of the so-called minimal subspaces is used for obtaining a representation of tensors with either bounded or fixed tree-based rank in the underlying algebraic tensor s

Michael P. Evans, Simon Tindemans, David Angeli

This paper considers the optimal dispatch of energy-constrained heterogeneous storage units to maximise security of supply. A policy, requiring no knowledge of the future, is presented and shown to minimise unserved energy during supply-shortfall events, regardless of the supply and demand profiles. It is accompanied by a graphical means to rapidly determine

Michael P. Evans, Simon H. Tindemans, David Angeli

We consider the problem of dispatching a fleet of heterogeneous energy storage units to provide grid support. Under the restriction that recharging is not possible during the time frame of interest, we develop an aggregate measure of fleet flexibility with an intuitive graphical interpretation. This analytical expression summarises the full set of demand tra

Abinash Kumar Shaw, Somnath Bharadwaj, Rajesh Mondal

Recent simulations show the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) 21-cm signal to be inherently non-Gaussian whereby the error covariance matrix $\mathbf{C}_{ij}$ of the 21-cm power spectrum (PS) contains a trispectrum contribution that would be absent if the signal were Gaussian. Using the binned power spectrum and trispectrum from simulations, here we present a meth

A. M. Hankin, E. R. Clements, Y. Huang, S. M. Brewer

We describe a framework for calculating the frequency shift and uncertainty of trapped-ion optical atomic clocks caused by background-gas collisions, and apply this framework to an $^{27}$Al$^+$ clock to enable a total fractional systematic uncertainty below $10^{-18}$. For this clock, with 38(19) nPa of room temperature H$_2$ background gas, we find that co

Benjamin Flamm, Annika Eichler, Joseph Warrington, John Lygeros

We present an approximate method for solving nonlinear control problems over long time horizons, in which the full nonlinear model is preserved over an initial part of the horizon, while the remainder of the horizon is modeled using a linear relaxation. As this approximate problem may still be too large to solve directly, we present a Benders decomposition-b

Avinash Parnandi, Jasim Uddin, Dawn M. Nilsen, Heidi Schambra

Rehabilitation training is the primary intervention to improve motor recovery after stroke, but a tool to measure functional training does not currently exist. To bridge this gap, we previously developed an approach to classify functional movement primitives using wearable sensors and a machine learning (ML) algorithm. We found that this approach had encoura

Yuqi Si, Jingqi Wang, Hua Xu, Kirk Roberts

Neural network-based representations (&#34;embeddings&#34;) have dramatically advanced natural language processing (NLP) tasks, including clinical NLP tasks such as concept extraction. Recently, however, more advanced embedding methods and representations (e.g., ELMo, BERT) have further pushed the state-of-the-art in NLP, yet there are no common best practic

Csilla Bujtás, Stanislav Jendrol, Zsolt Tuza

It is well known that if $G = (V, E)$} is a multigraph and $X\subset V$ is a subset of even order, then $G$ contains a spanning forest $H$ such that each vertex from $X$ has an odd degree in $H$ and all the other vertices have an even degree in $H$. This spanning forest may have isolated vertices. If this is not allowed in $H$, then the situation is much mor

Zhan Tu, Fan Fei, Jian Zhang, Xinyan Deng

Wings of flying animals can not only generate lift and control torques but also can sense their surroundings. Such dual functions of sensing and actuation coupled in one element are particularly useful for small sized bio-inspired robotic flyers, whose weight, size, and power are under stringent constraint. In this work, we present the first flapping-wing ro

Jeremy L. Marzuola, Sterling Swygert, Roman Taranets

Motivated by models for thin films coating cylinders in two physical cases proposed by V.I. Kerchman and A.L. Frenkel, we analyze the dynamics of corresponding thin film models. The models are governed by nonlinear, fourth-order, degenerate, parabolic PDEs. We prove, given positive and suitably regular initial data, the existence of weak solutions in all len

Xingyu Li, Marko Radulovic, Ksenija Kanjer, Konstantinos N. Plataniotis

Accurate diagnosis of breast cancer in histopathology images is challenging due to the heterogeneity of cancer cell growth as well as of a variety of benign breast tissue proliferative lesions. In this paper, we propose a practical and self-interpretable invasive cancer diagnosis solution. With minimum annotation information, the proposed method mines contra

Paul Mikula, Margaret E. Carrington, Gabor Kunstatter

We study a charged scalar field in a bulk 3+1 dimensional anti-deSitter spacetime with a planar black hole background metric. Through the AdS/CFT correspondence this is equivalent to a strongly coupled field theory in 2+1 dimensions describing a superconductor. We use the gradient flow method and solve the flow equations numerically between two fixed points:

Nicole Mücke, Gergely Neu, Lorenzo Rosasco

While stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is one of the major workhorses in machine learning, the learning properties of many practically used variants are poorly understood. In this paper, we consider least squares learning in a nonparametric setting and contribute to filling this gap by focusing on the effect and interplay of multiple passes, mini-batching a

Radhakrishnan Balu

Starting from an association scheme induced by a finite group and the corresponding Bose-Mesner algebra we construct quantum Markov chains (QMC), their entangled versions, and interacting Fock spaces (IFS) using the quantum probabilistic approach. Our constructions are based on the intersection numbers and their duals Krien parameters of the schemes with exa

Yunelsy N Alvarez, Ricardo Sá Earp

It is well known that the Serrin condition is a necessary condition for the solvability of the Dirichlet problem for the prescribed mean curvature equation in bounded domains of $\mathbb{R}^n$ with certain regularity. In this paper we investigate the sharpness of the Serrin condition for the vertical mean curvature equation in the product $ M^n \times \mathb

Tristan Bepler, Bonnie Berger

Inferring the structural properties of a protein from its amino acid sequence is a challenging yet important problem in biology. Structures are not known for the vast majority of protein sequences, but structure is critical for understanding function. Existing approaches for detecting structural similarity between proteins from sequence are unable to recogni