February 2019 arXiv papers — page 37

Tianxiao Shen, Myle Ott, Michael Auli, Marc'Aurelio Ranzato

Mixture models trained via EM are among the simplest, most widely used and well understood latent variable models in the machine learning literature. Surprisingly, these models have been hardly explored in text generation applications such as machine translation. In principle, they provide a latent variable to control generation and produce a diverse set of

Stuart M. Harwood

This work investigates the theoretical performance of the alternating-direction method of multipliers (ADMM) as it applies to nonconvex optimization problems, and in particular, problems with nonconvex constraint sets. The alternating direction method of multipliers is an optimization method that has largely been analyzed for convex problems. The ultimate go

Hongtao Lin, Jun Yan, Meng Qu, Xiang Ren

Relation extraction is an important task in structuring content of text data, and becomes especially challenging when learning with weak supervision---where only a limited number of labeled sentences are given and a large number of unlabeled sentences are available. Most existing work exploits unlabeled data based on the ideas of self-training (i.e., bootstr

M. Araya, A. M. W. Mitchell, R. D. Parsons

HESS J1825-137 is a bright very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray source that has been firmly established as a pulsar wind nebula (PWN), and one of the most extended gamma-ray objects within this category. The progenitor supernova remnant (SNR) for this PWN has not been firmly established. We carried out an analysis of gamma-ray observations in the region of HESS

Therese Biedl

It is well-known that every $n$-vertex planar graph with minimum degree 3 has a matching of size at least $\frac{n}{3}$. But all proofs of this use the Tutte-Berge-formula for the size of a maximum matching. Hence these proofs are not directly algorithmic, and to find such a matching one must apply a general-purposes maximum matching algorithm, which has run

Richard Tran, Xiang-Guo Li, Joseph Montoya, Donald Winston

The work function is a fundamental electronic property of a solid that varies with the facets of a crystalline surface. It is a crucial parameter in spectroscopy as well as materials design, especially for technologies such as thermionic electron guns and Schottky barriers. In this work, we present the largest database of calculated work functions for elemen

Sagi Eppel

This work examines the use of a fully convolutional net (FCN) to find an image segment, given a pixel within this segment region. The net receives an image, a point in the image and a region of interest (RoI ) mask. The net output is a binary mask of the segment in which the point is located. The region where the segment can be found is contained within the

Andrea Colcelli, Giuseppe Mussardo, German Sierra, Andrea Trombettoni

An integrable model subjected to a periodic driving gives rise generally to a non-integrable Floquet Hamiltonian. Here we show that the Floquet Hamiltonian of the integrable Lieb--Liniger model in presence of a linear potential with a periodic time--dependent strength is instead integrable and its quasi-energies can be determined using the Bethe ansatz appro

Michael M. Vitousek, Jeremy G. Siek, Avik Chaudhuri

Gradual typing enables programmers to combine static and dynamic typing in the same language. However, ensuring a sound interaction between the static and dynamic parts can incur significant runtime cost. In this paper, we perform a detailed performance analysis of the transient gradual typing approach implemented in Reticulated Python, a gradually typed var

Felix G. Hamza-Lup, Faith-Anne L. Kocadag

With the expansion of e-learning course curricula and the affordability of haptic devices, at-home virtual laboratories are emerging as an increasingly viable option for e-learners. We outline three novel haptic simulations for the introductory physics concepts of friction, the Coriolis Effect, and Precession. These simulations provide force feedback through

Zhaidary Myrzakulova, Ratbay Myrzakulov

This is a write-up of the lectures on dispersionless equations in 1+1, 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions presented by one of us (RM) at "Eurasian International Center for Theoretical Physics" (EICTP). We provide pedagogical introduction to the subject and summarize well-known results and some recent developments in theory of integrable dispersionless equations. Almost

Hooman Davoudiasl

We propose that $O(10 M_{\rm Sun})$ black holes observed by LIGO/Virgo originate from a first order QCD phase transition at a temperature $T_* \lesssim 100$~MeV. This is realized by keeping the quark masses small compared to confinement scale down to $T\sim T_*$, making QCD transition first order. We implement this scenario using a light scalar that could po

Sean Hart, Zheng Cui, Gerbold Menard, Mingtang Deng

Gate-tunable semiconductor-superconductor nanowires with superconducting leads form exotic Josephson junctions that are a highly desirable platform for two types of qubits: those with topological superconductivity (Majorana qubits) and those based on tunable anharmonicity (gatemon qubits). Controlling their behavior, however, requires understanding their ele

Lucia Caporaso, Margarida Melo, Marco Pacini

We study the tropicalization of the moduli space of algebraic spin curves, exhibit its combinatorial stratification and prove that the strata are irreducible. We construct the moduli space of tropical spin curves, prove that it is isomorphic to the skeleton of the Berkovich analytification of the moduli space of algebraic spin curves, and give a geometric in

Xueying Guo, Xiaoxiao Wang, Xin Liu

In this paper, we propose and study opportunistic contextual bandits - a special case of contextual bandits where the exploration cost varies under different environmental conditions, such as network load or return variation in recommendations. When the exploration cost is low, so is the actual regret of pulling a sub-optimal arm (e.g., trying a suboptimal r

Takeo Okazaki

We extend the local newform theory of B. Roberts and R. Schmidt for generic, irreducible, admissible representations of PGSp(4) to that for GSp(4). The newform matches to the Langlands parameter.

Youngmi Hur, Zachary Lubberts, Kasso A. Okoudjou

Tight wavelet frames are computationally and theoretically attractive, but most existing multivariate constructions have various drawbacks, including low vanishing moments for the wavelets, or a large number of wavelet masks. We further develop existing work combining sums of squares representations with tight wavelet frame construction, and present a new an

John A. Schneeloch, Ruidan Zhong, M. B. Stone, I. A. Zaliznyak

We report inelastic neutron scattering on single crystals of the bilayer cuprate family La$_{2-x}$Ca$_{1+x}$Cu$_{2}$O$_{6+\delta}$, including two crystals made superconducting (transitions at 45 and 55 K) by high-pressure annealing in an oxygen-containing atmosphere. The magnetic excitations in the non-superconducting crystal have a similar temperature-depen

Nuno Freitas, Alain Kraus, Samir Siksek

Recent results of Freitas, Kraus, Sengun and Siksek, give sufficient criteria for the asymptotic Fermat's Last Theorem to hold over a specific number field. Those works in turn build on many deep theorems in arithmetic geometry. In this paper we combine the aforementioned results with techniques from class field theory, the theory of p-groups and p-extension

Eirik Berge, Franz Luef

Decomposition spaces are a class of function spaces constructed out of well-behaved coverings and partitions of unity of a set. The structure of the covering of the set determines the properties of the decomposition space. Besov spaces, shearlet spaces and modulation spaces are well-known decomposition spaces. In this paper we focus on the geometric aspects

J. E. Horvath

We discuss in this contribution some issues of the NS-NS merging events, emphasizing that the data and independent evidence gathered from NS mass distribution suggest an asymmetric system as the progenitor of GW170817. The issue of the maximum static NS mass (likely found in redback-black widow systems) is in tension with the value related to this particular

Martin Löffler, Pia Schneider, Sigrid Schuh-Hofer, Sandra Kamping

Many individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain (CMP) show impairments in their pain-modulatory capacity. Although stress plays an important role in chronic pain, it is not known if stress-induced analgesia (SIA) is affected in patients with CMP. We investigated SIA in 22 patients with CMP and 18 pain-free participants. Pain thresholds, pain tolerance and

Pietro Galliani

Team Semantics generalizes Tarski's Semantics for First Order Logic by allowing formulas to be satisfied or not satisfied by sets of assignments rather than by single assignments. Because of this, in Team Semantics it is possible to extend the language of First Order Logic via new types of atomic formulas that express dependencies between different assignmen

Anton O. Belyakov, Alexander P. Seyranian

We develop here the method for obtaining approximate stability boundaries in the space of parameters for systems with parametric excitation. The monodromy (Floquet) matrix of linearized system is found by averaging method. For system with 2 degrees of freedom (DOF) we derive general approximate stability conditions. We study domains of stability with the use

Nanxin Wei, Gunnar Pruessner

A multi-type branching process is introduced to mimic the evolution of the avalanche activity and determine the critical density of the Abelian Manna model. This branching process incorporates partially the spatio-temporal correlations of the activity, which are essential for the dynamics, in particular in low dimensions. An analytical expression for the cri

Nikhil Rangarajan, Satwik Patnaik, Johann Knechtel, Ozgur Sinanoglu

The storage industry is moving toward emerging non-volatile memories (NVMs), including the spin-transfer torque magnetoresistive random-access memory (STT-MRAM) and the phase-change memory (PCM), owing to their high density and low-power operation. In this paper, we demonstrate, for the first time, circuit models and performance benchmarking for the domain w

Yicheng Li, Adrian E. Raftery

Smoking is one of the preventable threats to human health and is a major risk factor for lung cancer, upper aero-digestive cancer, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Estimating and forecasting the smoking attributable fraction (SAF) of mortality can yield insights into smoking epidemics and also provide a basis for more accurate mortality and life ex

Ismail Hameduddin, Tamer A. Zaki

This work demonstrates that the popular arithmetic mean conformation tensor frequently used in the analysis of turbulent viscoelastic flows is not a good representative of the ensemble. Alternative means based on recent developments in the literature are proposed, namely, the geometric and log-Euclidean means. These means are mathematically consistent with t

S. Aoki, Y. Aoki, D. Becirevic, T. Blum

We review lattice results related to pion, kaon, $D$-meson, $B$-meson, and nucleon physics with the aim of making them easily accessible to the nuclear and particle physics communities. More specifically, we report on the determination of the light-quark masses, the form factor $f_+(0)$ arising in the semileptonic $K \to \pi$ transition at zero momentum tran

Daniel R. Kowal

Measles presents a unique and imminent challenge for epidemiologists and public health officials: the disease is highly contagious, yet vaccination rates are declining precipitously in many localities. Consequently, the risk of a measles outbreak continues to rise. To improve preparedness, we study historical measles data both pre- and post-vaccine, and desi

Oleg Igoshin, Jing Chen, Jianhua Xing, Jian Liu

Over the past 50 years, the use of mathematical models, derived from physical reasoning, to describe molecular and cellular systems has evolved from an art of the few to a cornerstone of biological inquiry. George Oster stood out as a pioneer of this paradigm shift from descriptive to quantitative biology not only through his numerous research accomplishment

Manuel Formela, Gudrid Moortgat-Pick, Sabine Riemann, Andriy Ushakov

In the baseline design of the International Linear Collider (ILC) an undulator-based source is foreseen for the positron source in order to match the physics requirements. The baseline parameters are optimized for the ILC at sqrt(s)=500 GeV, that means an electron drive beam of 250 GeV. Precision measurements in the Higgs sector, however, require measurement

Ashish Dwivedi, Rajat Mittal, Nitin Saxena

Finding an irreducible factor, of a polynomial $f(x)$ modulo a prime $p$, is not known to be in deterministic polynomial time. Though there is such a classical algorithm that {\em counts} the number of irreducible factors of $f\bmod p$. We can ask the same question modulo prime-powers $p^k$. The irreducible factors of $f\bmod p^k$ blow up exponentially in nu

Sabrina Kunzweiler

Let $C$ be a hyperelliptic curve over a local field $K$ with odd residue characteristic, defined by some affine Weierstrass equation $y^2=f(x)$. We assume that $C$ has semistable reduction and denote by $\mathcal{X} \rightarrow \textrm{Spec}\, \mathcal{O}_K$ its minimal regular model with relative dualizing sheaf $\omega_{\mathcal{X}/ \mathcal{O}_K}$. We sho

Tamás Baranyai

Graphic statics is undergoing a renaissance, with computerized visual representation becoming both easier and more spectacular as time passes. While methods of the past are revived and tweaked, little emphasis has been placed on studying the details of these methods. Due to the considerable advances of our mathematical understanding since the birth of graphi

Antonio Avilés, Witold Marciszewski, Grzegorz Plebanek

We consider the class of Banach space $Y$ for which $c_0$ admits a nontrivial twisted sum with $Y$. We present a characterization of such space $Y$ in terms of properties of the $weak^\ast$ topology on $Y^\ast$. We prove that under the continuum hypothesis $c_0$ has a nontrivial twisted sum with every space of the form $Y=C(K)$, where $K$ is compact and not

Tim Browning, Shuntaro Yamagishi

We study the density of rational points on a higher-dimensional orbifold $(\mathbb{P}^{n-1},D)$ when $D$ is a $\mathbb{Q}$-divisor involving hyperplanes. This allows us to address a question of Tanimoto about whether the set of rational points on such an orbifold constitutes a thin set. Our approach relies on the Hardy-Littlewood circle method to first study

Timotheus Kampik, Juan Carlos Nieves, Helena Lindgren

Identifying and resolving conflicts of interests is a key challenge when designing autonomous agents. For example, such conflicts often occur when complex information systems interact persuasively with humans and are in the future likely to arise in non-human agent-to-agent interaction. We introduce a theoretical framework for an empathic autonomous agent th

Dionissios T. Hristopulos, Vasiliki D. Agou

The application of geostatistical and machine learning methods based on Gaussian processes to big space-time data is beset by the requirement for storing and numerically inverting large and dense covariance matrices. Computationally efficient representations of space-time correlations can be constructed using local models of conditional dependence which can

Diego A. Tejada-Arango, Germán Morales-España, Sonja Wogrin, Efraim Centeno

Flexibility requirements are becoming more relevant in power system planning due to the integration of variable Renewable Energy Sources (vRES). In order to consider these requirements Generation Expansion Planning (GEP) models have recently incorporated Unit Commitment (UC) constraints, using traditional energy-based formulations. However, recent studies ha

Paolo Massa, Michele Piana, Anna Maria Massone, Federico Benvenuto

The Spectrometer/Telescope for Imaging X-rays (STIX) will look at solar flares across the hard X-ray window provided by the Solar Orbiter cluster. Similarly to the Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager (RHESSI), STIX is a visibility-based imaging instrument, which will ask for Fourier-based image reconstruction methods. However, in this paper

Jesús E. Fajardo, Federico P. Lotto, Fernando Vericat, C. Manuel Carlevaro

The aim of this study is to use a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Artificial Neural Network (ANN) for phaseless imaging the human heel (modeled as a bilayer dielectric media: bone and surrounding tissue) and the calcaneus cross-section size and location using a two dimensional (2D) microwave tomographic array. Computer simulations were performed over 2D dielectr

Diego Gragnaniello, Francesco Marra, Giovanni Poggi, Luisa Verdoliva

Deep neural networks provide unprecedented performance in all image classification problems, taking advantage of huge amounts of data available for training. Recent studies, however, have shown their vulnerability to adversarial attacks, spawning an intense research effort in this field. With the aim of building better systems, new countermeasures and strong

Federico Caucci

We show how a natural constant introduced by Jiang and Pareschi for a polarized abelian variety encodes information about the syzygies of the section ring of the polarization. As a particular case this gives a quick and characteristic-free proof of Lazarsfeld's conjecture on syzygies of abelian varieties, originally proved by Pareschi in characteristic zero.

Paola Bacigaluppi, Rémi Abgrall, Svetlana Tokareva

In this paper, we propose a novel approximation strategy for time-dependent hyperbolic systems of conservation laws for the Euler system of gas dynamics that aims to represent the dynamics of strong interacting discontinuities. The goal of our method is to allow an approximation with a high-order of accuracy in smooth regions of the flow, while ensuring robu

B. Pál, Á. Kereszturi, F. Forget, M. D. Smith

We investigate the global seasonal variations of near-surface relative humidity and relevant attributes, like temperature and water vapor volume mixing ratio on Mars using calculations from modelled and measurement data. We focus on 2 am local time snapshots to eliminate daily effects related to differences in insolation, and to be able to compare calculatio

M. G. Aartsen, M. Ackermann, J. Adams, J. A. Aguilar

The Neutrino Mass Ordering (NMO) remains one of the outstanding questions in the field of neutrino physics. One strategy to measure the NMO is to observe matter effects in the oscillation pattern of atmospheric neutrinos above $\sim 1\,\mathrm{GeV}$, as proposed for several next-generation neutrino experiments. Moreover, the existing IceCube DeepCore detecto

Shanshan Tu, Yunzhang Zhu, Yoonkyung Lee, Qiuyu Gu

Cross validation is widely used for selecting tuning parameters in regularization methods, but it is computationally intensive in general. To lessen its computational burden, approximation schemes such as generalized approximate cross validation (GACV) are often employed. However, such approximations may not work well when non-smooth loss functions are invol

Jannick P. Rolland, Frank Biocca, Felix G. Hamza-Lup, Yanggang Ha

Distributed systems technologies supporting 3D visualization and social collaboration will be increasing in frequency and type over time. An emerging type of head-mounted display referred to as the head-mounted projection display (HMPD) was recently developed that only requires ultralight optics (i.e., less than 8 g per eye) that enables immersive multiuser,

Thomas Speck

The modeling of supercooled liquids approaching dynamic arrest has a long tradition, which is documented through a plethora of competing theoretical approaches. Here, we review the modeling of supercooled liquids in terms of dynamic "defects", also called excitations or soft spots, that are able to sustain motion. To this end, we consider a minimal statistic

E. Zhang, C. Caloz, M. Skorobogatiy

In this work we solve approximately the radiative heat transfer problem in one dimension to perform a comparative analysis of the time averaged performance of the partially transparent radiative windows and radiative coolers. Our physical model includes the atmosphere, the window, and the backwall that are all in the thermal equilibrium with each other, and

Xingtong Liu, Ayushi Sinha, Masaru Ishii, Gregory D. Hager

We present a self-supervised approach to training convolutional neural networks for dense depth estimation from monocular endoscopy data without a priori modeling of anatomy or shading. Our method only requires monocular endoscopic videos and a multi-view stereo method, e.g., structure from motion, to supervise learning in a sparse manner. Consequently, our

Piotr Kalita, Grzegorz Łukaszewicz

We consider the Rayleigh--B\'{e}nard problem for the three--dimensional Boussinesq system for the micropolar fluid. We introduce the notion of the multivalued eventual semiflow and prove the existence of the two-space global attractor $\mathcal{A}^K$ corresponding to weak solutions, for every micropolar parameter $K\geq 0$ denoting the deviation of the consi

Rusheng Zhang, Lin Song, Adhishree Jaiprakash, Timothy Talty

In this paper, we investigate using Ultra-Wideband (UWB) technology in vehicles for localization as well as other possible infrastructure-free applications. To that end, we first introduce the on-vehicle UWB anchor layout, then conduct a theoretical analysis to shed light on the capabilities and limitations of using UWB anchors with this layout. To verify th

Matthew Mitchell, David P. Lake, Paul E. Barclay

Efficient, low noise conversion between different colors of light is a necessary tool for interfacing quantum optical technologies that have different operating wavelengths. Optomechanically mediated wavelength conversion and amplification is a potential method for realizing this technology, and is demonstrated here in microdisks fabricated from single cryst

Lukas Jendele, Ondrej Skopek, Anton S. Becker, Ender Konukoglu

Supervised deep learning relies on the assumption that enough training data is available, which presents a problem for its application to several fields, like medical imaging. On the example of a binary image classification task (breast cancer recognition), we show that pretraining a generative model for meaningful image augmentation helps enhance the perfor

Colin Scheibner, Anton Souslov, Debarghya Banerjee, Piotr Surowka

Hooke's law states that the forces or stresses experienced by an elastic object are proportional to the applied deformations or strains. The number of coefficients of proportionality between stress and strain, i.e., the elastic moduli, is constrained by energy conservation. In this Letter, we lift this restriction and generalize linear elasticity to active m

Yonathan Japha

We present a generalized model for the evolution of atomic wave-packets in matter-wave interferometers. This method provides an efficient tool for analyzing the performance of atomic interferometers using atom clouds prepared in a trap as a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) or as a thermal ensemble. Predictions of the model for dynamic properties such as wave-p

Thomas Breuer, Kay Magaard, Robert Wilson

We prove the correctness of the character table of the sporadic simple Baby Monster group that is shown in the Atlas of Finite Groups.

Oliver A. Krzysik, Hans De Sterck, Scott P. MacLachlan, Stephanie Friedhoff

We consider the parallel time integration of the linear advection equation with the Parareal and two-level multigrid-reduction-in-time (MGRIT) algorithms. Our aim is to develop a better understanding of the convergence behaviour of these algorithms for this problem, which is known to be poor relative to the diffusion equation, its model parabolic counterpart

Amrita Roy Chowdhury, Chenghong Wang, Xi He, Ashwin Machanavajjhala

Differential privacy (DP) has steadily become the de-facto standard for achieving privacy in data analysis, which is typically implemented either in the "central" or "local" model. The local model has been more popular for commercial deployments as it does not require a trusted data collector. This increased privacy, however, comes at a cost of utility and a

Khaled Alharbi, Sabine Riemann, Gudrid Moortgat-Pick, Ayash Alrashdi

The positron source of the International Linear Collider is based on a superconducting helical undulator passed by the high-energy electron beam to generate photons which hit a conversion target. Since the photons are circularly polarized the resulting positron beam is polarized. At ILC250, the full undulator is needed to produce the required number of posit

N. L. Thompson, N. H. Nguyen, E. C. Behrman, J. E. Steck

Designing and implementing algorithms for medium and large scale quantum computers is not easy. In previous work we have suggested, and developed, the idea of using machine learning techniques to train a quantum system such that the desired process is "learned," thus obviating the algorithm design difficulty. This works quite well for small systems. But the

Paul Hamacher, Eva Viehmann

Affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties are closely related to the special fibre of Newton strata in the reduction of Shimura varieties or of moduli spaces of $G$-shtukas. In almost all cases, they are not quasi-compact. In this note we prove basic finiteness properties of affine Deligne-Lusztig varieties under minimal assumptions on the associated group. We show t

Marco Silva Mendes, Orlando Neto

We construct a moduli space for Legendrian curves singularities which are contactomorphic-equivalent and equisingular through a contact analogue of the Kodaira-Spencer map for curve singularities. We focus on the specific case of Legendrian curves which are the conormal of a plane curve with one Puiseux pair.

Herbert Spohn

The Toda chain is the prime example of a classical integrable system with strictly local conservation laws. Relying on the Dumitriu-Edelman matrix model, we obtain the generalized free energy of the Toda chain and thereby establish a mapping to the one-dimensional log-gas with an interaction strength of order 1/N. The (deterministic) local density of states

Gerd Wachsmuth

We consider an optimization problem subject to an abstract constraint and finitely many nonlinear constraints. Using the recently introduced concept of $n$-polyhedricity, we are able to provide second-order optimality conditions under weak regularity assumptions. In particular, we prove necessary optimality conditions of first and second order under the cons

Mayukh Majumder, Gediminas Simutis, Ines E. Collings, Jean-Christophe Orain

Single-crystal x-ray diffraction, density-functional band-structure calculations, and muon spin relaxation ($\mu$SR) are used to probe pressure evolution of the triangular spin-liquid candidate YbMgGaO$_4$. The rhombohedral crystal structure is retained up to at least 10 GPa and shows a nearly uniform compression along both in-plane and out-of-plane directio

Suvikranth Gera, Sandipan Sengupta

The problem of singularities associated with Dirac strings and closed timelike curves in classical solutions of pure gravity is analyzed here. A method to eliminate these is introduced and established first for the Taub-NUT geometry. This is superceded by a smooth solution of first order field equations, which is defined to be a unique extension of the Taub

David A. Minton, Caleb I. Fassett, Masatoshi Hirabayashi, Bryan A. Howl

Small craters of the lunar maria are observed to be in a state of equilibrium, in which the rate of production of new craters is, on average, equal to the rate of destruction of old craters. Crater counts of multiple lunar terrains over decades consistently show that the equilibrium cumulative size-frequency distribution (SFD) per unit area of small craters

Abhishek Kumar Shukla, Ben Williams

We construct varieties B(r;An) such that a map X -> B(r;An) corresponds to a degree-n \'etale algebra on X equipped with r generating global sections. We then show that when n = 2, i.e., in the quadratic \'etale case, that the singular cohomology of B(r; An)(R) can be used to reconstruct a famous example of S. Chase and to extend its application to showing t

Cun Mu, Jun Zhao, Guang Yang, Binwei Yang

A growing interest has been witnessed recently from both academia and industry in building nearest neighbor search (NNS) solutions on top of full-text search engines. Compared with other NNS systems, such solutions are capable of effectively reducing main memory consumption, coherently supporting multi-model search and being immediately ready for production

Felix Dietrich, Gudrid Moortgat-Pick, Sabine Riemann, Peter Sievers

The design of the positron source for the International Linear Collider (ILC) is still under consideration. The baseline design plans to use the electron beam for the positron production before it goes to the IP. The high-energy electrons pass a long helical undulator and generate an intense circularly polarized photon beam which hits a thin conversion targe

Melinda Sweany, Aline Galindo-Tellez, Joshua Brown, Erik Brubaker

We report on the position, timing, and energy resolution of a range of plastic scintillator bars and reflector treatments using dual-ended silicon photomultiplier readout. These measurements are motivated by the upcoming construction of an optically segmented single-volume neutron scatter camera, in which neutron elastic scattering off of hydrogen is used to

Justin Fu, Anoop Korattikara, Sergey Levine, Sergio Guadarrama

Reinforcement learning is a promising framework for solving control problems, but its use in practical situations is hampered by the fact that reward functions are often difficult to engineer. Specifying goals and tasks for autonomous machines, such as robots, is a significant challenge: conventionally, reward functions and goal states have been used to comm

Pedro Cabalar, Jorge Fandinno, Luis Fariñas

Defined by Gelfond in 1991 (G91), epistemic specifications (or programs) are an extension of logic programming under stable models semantics that introducessubjective literals. A subjective literal al-lows checking whether some regular literal is true in all (or in some of) the stable models of the program, being those models collected in a setcalledworld vi

Sukrit Ranjan, Zoe R. Todd, Paul B. Rimmer, Dimitar D. Sasselov

A key challenge in origins-of-life studies is estimating the abundances of species relevant to the chemical pathways proposed to have contributed to the emergence of life on early Earth. Dissolved nitrogen oxide anions (NO$_{X}^{-}$), in particular nitrate (NO$_{3}^{-}$) and nitrite (NO$_{2}^{-}$), have been invoked in diverse origins-of-life chemistry, from

Ecenaz Erdemir, Pier Luigi Dragotti, Deniz Gunduz

We study the privacy-cost trade-off in a smart meter (SM) system with a renewable energy source (RES) and a finite-capacity rechargeable battery (RB). Privacy is measured by the mutual information rate between the energy demand and the energy received from the grid, where the latter also determines the cost, and hence, reported by the SM to the utility provi

Daniel Grimmer, Achim Kempf, Robert B. Mann, Eduardo Martin-Martinez

We analyze the quantum mechanics of the friction experienced by a small system as it moves non-destructively with velocity $v$ over a surface. Specifically, we model the interactions between the system and the surface with a \textit{collision model}. We show that, under weak assumptions, the magnitude of the friction induced by this interaction decreases as

Ariel R. Zhitnitsky

It has been recently argued \cite{Barvinsky:2017lfl} that the de Sitter phase in cosmology might be naturally generated as a result of dynamics of the topologically nontrivial sectors in a strongly coupled QCD-like gauge theory in expanding universe. It is known that the de Sitter phase is realized in the history of our Universe twice: the first occurrence i

Cesar Ayala, Xabier Lobregat, Antonio Pineda

Given an observable and its operator product expansion (OPE), we present expressions that carefully disentangle truncated sums of the perturbative series in powers of $\alpha$ from the non-perturbative (NP) corrections. This splitting is done with NP power accuracy. Analytic control of the splitting is achieved and the organization of the different terms is

Federico Grasselli, Andrea Bertoni, Guido Goldoni

We perform explicit time-dependent classical and quantum propagation of a spatially indirect exciton (SIX) driven by surface acoustic waves (SAWs) in a semiconductor heterostructure device. We model the SIX dynamics at different levels of description, from the Euler-Lagrange propagation of structureless classical particles to unitary Schr\"odinger propagatio

Junhao Liu, Keping Qiu, David Berry, James Di Francesco

We report 850~$\mu$m dust polarization observations of a low-mass ($\sim$12 $M_{\odot}$) starless core in the $\rho$ Ophiuchus cloud, Ophiuchus C, made with the POL-2 instrument on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) as part of the JCMT B-fields In STar-forming Region Observations (BISTRO) survey. We detect an ordered magnetic field projected on the pla

Dima Grigoriev, Danylo Radchenko

We prove for a tropical rational map that if for any point the convex hull of Jacobian matrices at smooth points in a neighborhood of the point does not contain singular matrices then the map is an isomorphism. We also show that a tropical polynomial map on the plane is an isomorphism if all the Jacobians have the same sign (positive or negative). In additio

Timothy D. Crundall, Michael J. Ireland, Mark R. Krumholz, Christoph Federrath

Gaia DR2 provides an unprecedented sample of stars with full 6D phase-space measurements, creating the need for a self-consistent means of discovering and characterising the phase-space overdensities known as moving groups or associations. Here we present Chronostar, a new Bayesian analysis tool that meets this need. Chronostar uses the Expectation-Maximisat

Robert Seidel

The Orthogonal Matching Pursuit (OMP) for compressed sensing iterates over a scheme of support augmentation and signal estimation. We present two novel matching pursuit algorithms with intrinsic regularization of the signal estimation step that do not rely on a priori knowledge of the signal's sparsity. An iterative approach allows for a hardware efficient i

Alexander Philippov, Dmitri A. Uzdensky, Anatoly Spitkovsky, Benoît Cerutti

In this Letter we propose that coherent radio emission of Crab, other young energetic pulsars, and millisecond pulsars is produced in the magnetospheric current sheet beyond the light cylinder. We carry out global and local two-dimensional kinetic plasma simulations of reconnection to illustrate the coherent emission mechanism. Reconnection in the current sh

Paul Robertson, Tyler Anderson, Gudmundur Stefansson, Frederick R. Hearty

Two key areas of emphasis in contemporary experimental exoplanet science are the detailed characterization of transiting terrestrial planets, and the search for Earth analog planets to be targeted by future imaging missions. Both of these pursuits are dependent on an order-of-magnitude improvement in the measurement of stellar radial velocities (RV), setting

Sebastian East, Mark Cannon

This paper details an investigation into the computational performance of algorithms used for solving a convex formulation of the optimization problem associated with model predictive control for energy management in hybrid electric vehicles with nonlinear losses. A projected interior point method is proposed, where the size and complexity of the Newton step

M. E. Jarvis, C. M. Harrison, A. P. Thomson, C. Circosta

We present 1-7 GHz high-resolution radio imaging (VLA and e-MERLIN) and spatially-resolved ionized gas kinematics for ten z<0.2 type~2 `obscured' quasars (log [L(AGN)/(erg/s)]>~45) with moderate radio luminosities (log [L(1.4GHz)/(W/Hz)]=23.3-24.4). These targets were selected to have known ionized outflows based on broad [OIII] emission-line components (FWH

David Dunsky, Lawrence J. Hall, Keisuke Harigaya

An exact spacetime parity replicates the $SU(2) \times U(1)$ electroweak interaction, the Higgs boson $H$, and the matter of the Standard Model. This "Higgs Parity" and the mirror electroweak symmetry are spontaneously broken at scale $v' = \left\langle{H'} \right\rangle \gg \left\langle{H}\right\rangle$, yielding the Standard Model below $v'$ with a quartic

Mischa P. Woods, Álvaro M. Alhambra

Following the introduction of the task of reference frame error correction, we show how, by using reference frame alignment with clocks, one can add a continuous Abelian group of transversal logical gates to any error-correcting code. With this we further explore a way of circumventing the no-go theorem of Eastin and Knill, which states that if local errors

Ralph Blumenhagen, Daniel Klaewer, Lorenz Schlechter

The KKLT scenario in a warped throat, if consistent, provides a concrete counterexample to both the AdS scale separation and the dS swampland conjectures. First, we define and analyze the relevant effective field theory for the conifold modulus and the overall Kaehler modulus that both have exponentially small masses. The scalar potential still admits KKLT-l

A. J. Bohn, M. A. Kenworthy, C. Ginski, M. Benisty

As part of our on-going survey we have carried out high-contrast imaging with VLT/SPHERE/IRDIS to obtain polarized and total intensity images of the young ($11^{+16}_{-7}$Myr old) K3IV star Wray 15-788 within the Lower Centaurus Crux subgroup of Sco-Cen. For the total intensity images, we remove the stellar halo by an approach based on reference star differe

Jukka I. Väyrynen, Moshe Goldstein, Yuval Gefen

We consider a fractional quantum Hall bilayer system with an interface between quantum Hall states of filling fractions $(\nu_{\text{top}},\nu_{\text{bottom}})=(1,1)$ and $(1/3,2)$, motivated by a recent approach to engineering artificial edges~\cite{2018NatPh..14..411R}. We show that random tunneling and strong repulsive interactions within one of the layer

Carlos A. R. Herdeiro, João M. S. Oliveira

Three non-existence results are established for self-gravitating solitons in Einstein-Maxwell-scalar models, wherein the scalar field is, generically, non-minimally coupled to the Maxwell field via a scalar function $f(\Phi)$. Firstly, a trivial Maxwell field is considered, which yields a consistent truncation of the full model. In this case, using a scaling

S. Gao, O. Lazo-Arjona, B. Brecht, K. T. Kaczmarek

We introduce a filter using a noise-free quantum buffer with large optical bandwidth that can both filter temporal-spectral modes, as well as inter-convert them and change their frequency. We show that such quantum buffers optimally filter out temporal-spectral noise; producing identical single-photons from many distinguishable noisy single-photon sources wi

Alexander C. Jenkins, Mairi Sakellariadou

We calculate the noise induced in the anisotropies of the astrophysical gravitational-wave background by finite sampling of both the galaxy distribution and the compact binary coalescence event rate. This shot noise leads to a scale-invariant bias term in the angular power spectrum $C_\ell$, for which we derive a simple analytical expression. We find that th

Sambaran Banerjee, Krzysztof Belczynski, Christopher L. Fryer, Peter Berczik

The masses of stellar-remnant black holes (BH), as a result of their formation via massive single- and binary-stellar evolution, is of high interest in this era of gravitational-wave detection from binary black hole (BBH) and binary neutron star (BNS) mergers. Here we present new developments in the N-body evolution program NBODY7 in regards to its stellar-r

Shi-Ju Kang, Junhui Fan, Weiming Mao, Qingwen Wu

In the third catalog of active galactic nuclei detected by the Fermi-LAT (3LAC) Clean Sample, there are 402 blazars candidates of uncertain type (BCU). Due to the limitations of astronomical observation or intrinsic properties, it is difficult to classify blazars using optical spectroscopy. The potential classification of BCUs using machine learning algorith