February 2019 arXiv papers — page 99

Leonid Pogorelyuk, N. Jeremy Kasdin

Direct exoplanet imaging via coronagraphy requires maintenance of high contrast in a dark hole for lengthy integration periods. Wavefront errors that change slowly over that time accumulate and cause systematic errors in the star's Point Spread Function (PSF) which limit the achievable signal-to-noise ratio of the planet. In this paper we show that estim

Mohammad Sadnan Al Manir, Jon Haël Brenas, Christopher JO Baker, Arash Shaban-Nejad

We propose the Semantics, Interoperability, and Evolution for Malaria Analytics (SIEMA) platform for use in malaria surveillance based on semantic data federation. Using this approach, it is possible to access distributed data, extend and preserve interoperability between multiple dynamic distributed malaria sources, and facilitate detection of system change

Shane T. Mueller, Robert R. Hoffman, William Clancey, Abigail Emrey

This is an integrative review that address the question, "What makes for a good explanation?" with reference to AI systems. Pertinent literatures are vast. Thus, this review is necessarily selective. That said, most of the key concepts and issues are expressed in this Report. The Report encapsulates the history of computer science efforts to create s

Christian Dorize, Elie Awwad, Jérémie Renaudier

Newly introduced polarization diversity probing codes are suggested to enhance the sensitivity and bandwidth performance of differential phase-sensitive distributed OTDR systems. This was recently demonstrated by means of short-length specialized fibers with a backscattering induced by equally spaced Fiber Bragg Gratings inserted in the fiber itself. The wor

Tom Denat, Ararat Harutyunyan, Vangelis Th. Paschos

The average-case complexity of a branch-and-bound algorithms for Minimum Dominating Set problem in random graphs in the G(n,p) model is studied. We identify phase transitions between subexponential and exponential average-case complexities, depending on the growth of the probability p with respect to the number n of nodes.

Nikolaj Tatti

The outcome of interactions in many real-world systems can be often explained by a hierarchy between the participants. Discovering hierarchy from a given directed network can be formulated as follows: partition vertices into levels such that, ideally, there are only forward edges, that is, edges from upper levels to lower levels. In practice, the ideal case

Frank J. Masci, Russ R. Laher, Ben Rusholme, David L. Shupe

The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) is a new robotic time-domain survey currently in progress using the Palomar 48-inch Schmidt Telescope. ZTF uses a 47 square degree field with a 600 megapixel camera to scan the entire northern visible sky at rates of ~3760 square degrees/hour to median depths of g ~ 20.8 and r ~ 20.6 mag (AB, 5sigma in 30 sec). We describe

Moustafa AboulAtta, Matthias Ossadnik, Seyed-Ahmad Ahmadi

Leveled Homomorphic Encryption (LHE) offers a potential solution that could allow sectors with sensitive data to utilize the cloud and securely deploy their models for remote inference with Deep Neural Networks (DNN). However, this application faces several obstacles due to the limitations of LHE. One of the main problems is the incompatibility of commonly u

Steffen Hagstotz, Max Gronke, David Mota, Marco Baldi

Searches for modified gravity in the large-scale structure try to detect the enhanced amplitude of density fluctuations caused by the fifth force present in many of these theories. Neutrinos, on the other hand, suppress structure growth below their free-streaming length. Both effects take place on comparable scales, and uncertainty in the neutrino mass leads

Erez Michaely, Hagai B. Perets

Several scenarios were suggested for the origins of gravitational-wave (GW) sources from mergers of stellar binary black holes (BBHs). Here we propose a novel origin through catalyzed formation of GW-sources from ultra-wide binaries in the field. Such binaries experience perturbations from random stellar fly-bys which excite their eccentricities. Once a wide

Tom Rose, A. C. Edge, F. Combes, M. Gaspari

Active galactic nuclei play a crucial role in the accretion and ejection of gas in galaxies. Although their outflows are well studied, finding direct evidence of accretion has proved very difficult and has so far been done for very few sources. A promising way to study the significance of cold accretion is by observing the absorption of an active galactic nu

Ehsan Kazemi, Liqiang Wang

Nonconvex and nonsmooth problems have recently attracted considerable attention in machine learning. However, developing efficient methods for the nonconvex and nonsmooth optimization problems with certain performance guarantee remains a challenge. Proximal coordinate descent (PCD) has been widely used for solving optimization problems, but the knowledge of

Jakob Lenz, Fabio del Giudice, Fabian R. Geisenhof, Felix Winterer

Organic semiconductors are usually not thought to show outstanding performance in highly-integrated, sub 100 nm transistors. Consequently, single-crystalline materials such as SWCNTs, MoS2 or inorganic semiconductors are the material of choice at these nanoscopic dimensions. Here, we show that using a novel vertical field-effect transistor design with a chan

Stephan Steinhauer, Marijn A. M. Versteegh, André Mysyrowicz, Birgit Kunert

Cuprous oxide (Cu$_2$O) is a semiconductor with large exciton binding energy and significant technological importance in applications such as photovoltaics and solar water splitting. It is also a superior material system for quantum optics that enabled the observation of two intriguing phenomena, i.e. Rydberg excitons as solid-state analogue to highly-excite

G. Chabrier, S. Mazevet, F. Soubiran

We present a new equation of state (EOS) for dense hydrogen/helium mixtures which covers a range of densities from $10^{-8}$ to $10^6$ g.cm$^{-3}$, pressures from $10^{-9}$ to $10^{13}$ GPa and temperatures from $10^{2}$ to $10^{8}$ K. The calculations combine the EOS of Saumon, Chabrier & vanHorn (1995) in the low density, low temperature molecular/atomic d

L. M. Rivera, A. F. Betancur, D. G. Zarate, D. Torres Torres

Atherosclerotic disease develops when there is endothelial dysfunction, making low density lipoproteins (LDL) which are cholesterol carriers traveling in the blood, very likely to penetrate the endothelium layer triggering the formation of the atheromatous plaque and leading to the obstruction of blood vessels. For some time now, devices called stents have b

Maria Deijfen, Timo Hirscher, Fabio Lopes

A two-type version of the frog model on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ is formulated, where active type $i$ particles move according to lazy random walks with probability $p_i$ of jumping in each time step ($i=1,2$). Each site is independently assigned a random number of particles. At time 0, the particles at the origin are activated and assigned type 1 and the particles at

Ilja Kuzborskij, Nicolò Cesa-Bianchi, Csaba Szepesvári

Gibbs-ERM learning is a natural idealized model of learning with stochastic optimization algorithms (such as Stochastic Gradient Langevin Dynamics and ---to some extent--- Stochastic Gradient Descent), while it also arises in other contexts, including PAC-Bayesian theory, and sampling mechanisms. In this work we study the excess risk suffered by a Gibbs-ERM

Kaname Matsue, Akitoshi Takayasu

Our concerns here are blow-up solutions for ODEs with exponential nonlinearity from the viewpoint of dynamical systems and their numerical validations. As an example, the finite difference discretization of $u_t = u_{xx} + e^{u^m}$ with the homogeneous Dirichlet boundary condition is considered. Our idea is based on compactification of phase spaces and time-

M. Sylvestre, N. A. Teanby, J. Vatant d'Ollone, S. Vinatier

The Cassini mission offered us the opportunity to monitor the seasonal evolution of Titan's atmosphere from 2004 to 2017, i.e. half a Titan year. The lower part of the stratosphere (pressures greater than 10 mbar) is a region of particular interest as there are few available temperature measurements, and because its thermal response to the seasonal and m

Elizabeth Himwich, Zahra Mirzaiyan, Sabrina Pasterski

We show that the soft part of the charge generating infinitesimal superrotations can be expressed, in harmonic gauge, in terms of metric components evaluated at the boundaries of null infinity that are subleading in a large radius expansion. We then recast the spin memory observable in terms of these boundary values.

Graham Baird, Endre Süli

This paper concerns the construction and analysis of a numerical scheme for a mixed discrete-continuous fragmentation equation. A finite volume scheme is developed, based on a conservative formulation of a truncated version of the equations. The approximate solutions provided by this scheme are first shown to display conservation of mass and preservation of

Polina Rozenshtein, Nikolaj Tatti, Aristides Gionis

Online social networks are growing and becoming denser. The social connections of a given person may have very high variability: from close friends and relatives to acquaintances to people who hardly know. Inferring the strength of social ties is an important ingredient for modeling the interaction of users in a network and understanding their behavior. Furt

Johnathan Hung, James R. Fergusson, E. P. S. Shellard

Cosmological information from forthcoming galaxy surveys, such as LSST and Euclid, will soon exceed that available from the CMB. Higher order correlation functions, like the bispectrum, will be indispensable for realising this potential. The interpretation of this data faces many challenges because gravitational collapse of matter is a complex non-linear pro

Wajih Halim Boukaram, George Turkiyyah, David E. Keyes

Hierarchical matrices are space and time efficient representations of dense matrices that exploit the low rank structure of matrix blocks at different levels of granularity. The hierarchically low rank block partitioning produces representations that can be stored and operated on in near-linear complexity instead of the usual polynomial complexity of dense m

D. Vescovi, L. Piersanti, S. Cristallo, M. Busso

The electron-capture rate on $^7$Be is the main production channel for $^7$Li in several astrophysical environments. Theoretical evaluations have to account for not only the nuclear interaction, but also the processes in the plasma where $^7$Be ions and electrons interact. In the past decades several estimates were presented, pointing out that the theoretica

Süleyman Aslan, Uğur Güdükbay, B. Uğur Töreyin, A. Enis Çetin

Real-time flame detection is crucial in video based surveillance systems. We propose a vision-based method to detect flames using Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Neural Networks (DCGANs). Many existing supervised learning approaches using convolutional neural networks do not take temporal information into account and require substantial amount of l

Óscar Andrés Ram. Ramírez

We study a new type of sequences whose elements are defined in terms of the position, sign and magnitude of another element of the sequence. The name ultra-recursive comes from the fact that these sequences possess terms that are generated adding either the previous (as in traditional recurrences formulas) or the next terms. They are also self-referential be

Giorgio Taricco

MIMO capacity with a joint total and per-antenna average power constraint is considered in this work. The problem arises when, besides having a limited available power at the transmitter, also the individual antennas cannot radiate power beyond the limits of their corresponding RF chains. Closed-form results are illustrated in specific cases and, in particul

Arun Kenath, S B Gudennavar, A Prasad, C Sivaram

The standard model for the formation of structure assumes that there existed small fluctuations in the early universe that grew due to gravitational instability. The origins of these fluctuations are as yet unclear. In this work we propose the role of dark matter in providing the seed for star formation in the early universe. Very recent observations also su

Mohammad Al-Jarrah, Ki-Hong Park, Arafat Al-Dweik, Mohamed-Slim Alouini

Amplitude-coherent (AC) detection is an efficient detection technique that can simplify the receiver design while providing reliable symbol error rate (SER). Therefore, this work considers AC detector design and SER analysis using M-ary amplitude shift keying (MASK) modulation over Rician fading channels. More specifically, we derive the optimum, near-optimu

W. Chantereau, M. Salaris, N. Bastian, S. Martocchia

Intermediate-age star clusters in the Magellanic Clouds harbour signatures of the multiple stellar populations long thought to be restricted to old globular clusters. We compare synthetic horizontal branch models with Hubble Space Telescope photometry of clusters in the Magellanic Clouds, with age between ~2 and ~10 Gyr, namely NGC 121, Lindsay 1, NGC 339, N

Adam Rej, Philip Seager, Jean-Philippe Bouchaud

In-sample overfitting is a drawback of any backtest-based investment strategy. It is thus of paramount importance to have an understanding of why and how the in-sample overfitting occurs. In this article we propose a simple framework that allows one to model and quantify in-sample PnL overfitting. This allows us to compute the factor appropriate for discount

Patricia Alves-Oliveira, Pedro Sequeira, Francisco S. Melo, Ginevra Castellano

This work explores a group learning scenario with an autonomous empathic robot. We address two research questions: (1) Can an autonomous robot designed with empathic competencies foster collaborative learning in a group context? (2) Can an empathic robot sustain positive educational outcomes in long-term collaborative learning interactions with groups of stu

Seyedroohollah Hosseini, Xuan Guo

Mind wandering (MW) is a ubiquitous phenomenon which reflects a shift in attention from task-related to task-unrelated thoughts. There is a need for intelligent interfaces that can reorient attention when MW is detected due to its detrimental effects on performance and productivity. In this paper, we propose a deep learning model for MW detection using Elect

David T. Gay

These notes summarize and expand on a mini-course given at CIRM in February 2018 as part of Winter Braids VIII. We somewhat obsessively develop the slogan `Trisections are to 4-manifolds as Heegaard splittings are to 3-manifolds', focusing on and clarifying the distinction between three ways of thinking of things: the basic definitions as decompositions

A. van Hameren

The consistent construction of scattering amplitudes for processes with off-shell initial partons and involving electro-weak interactions is addressed.

Fabio Crestani, Stefano Mizzaro, Ivan Scagnetto

Mobile Information Retrieval (Mobile IR) is a relatively recent branch of Information Retrieval (IR) that is concerned with enabling users to carry out, using a mobile device, all the classical IR operations that they were used to carry out on a desktop. This includes finding content available on local repositories or on the web in response to a user query,

N. Vu-Bac, P. Areias, T. Rabczuk

We present a multiscale model bridging length and time scales from molecular to continuum levels with the objective of predicting the yield behavior of amorphous glassy polyethylene (PE). Constitutive parameters are obtained from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, decreasing the requirement for ad-hoc experiments. Consequently, we achieve: (1) the identifi

Jeffrey Holzgrafe, Qiushi Gu, Jan Beitner, Dhiren Kara

Conventional nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy relies on acquiring signal from a macroscopic ensemble of molecules to gain information about molecular structure and dynamics. Transferring this technique to nanoscale sample sizes would enable molecular analysis without the effects of averaging over spatial and temporal inhomogeneities and without

C. J. A. P. Martins

The observational evidence for the recent acceleration of the universe demonstrates that canonical theories of cosmology and particle physics are incomplete (or possibly incorrect) and that new physics is out there, waiting to be discovered. A crucial task for the next generation of astrophysical facilities is to search for, identify and ultimately character

J. Socorro, Marco A Reyes, Carlos Villaseñor Mora

We present the general ideas on SuperSymmetric Quantum Mechanics (SUSY-QM) using different representations for the operators in question, which are defined by the corresponding bosonic Hamiltonian as part of SUSY Hamiltonian and its supercharges, which are defined as matrix or differential operators. We show that, although most of the SUSY partners of one-di

Lawrence Middleton, George Deligiannidis, Arnaud Doucet, Pierre E. Jacob

We consider the approximation of expectations with respect to the distribution of a latent Markov process given noisy measurements. This is known as the smoothing problem and is often approached with particle and Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. These methods provide consistent but biased estimators when run for a finite time. We propose a simple way

L. J. M. Houben, L. G. Spitler, S. ter Veen, J. P. Rachen

While repeating fast radio bursts (FRBs) remain scarce in number, they provide a unique opportunity for follow-up observations that enhance our knowledge of their sources and potentially of the FRB population as a whole. Attaining more burst spectra could lead to a better understanding of the origin of these bright, millisecond-duration radio pulses. We ther

Katharina Korn, Bastian Seifert, Christian Uhl

Dynamical Component Analysis (DyCA) is a recently-proposed method to detect projection vectors to reduce the dimensionality of multi-variate deterministic datasets. It is based on the solution of a generalized eigenvalue problem and therefore straight forward to implement. DyCA is introduced and applied to EEG data of epileptic seizures. The obtained eigenve

D. Kostunin

The present work discusses the development of the radio technique for detection of ultra-high energy air-showers induced by cosmic radiation, and the prospects of its application in the future multi-messenger activities, particularly for detection of ultra-high energy cosmic rays, gamma rays and neutrinos. It gives an overview of the results achieved by the

Valentin Sulzer, S. Jon Chapman, Colin P. Please, David A. Howey

Electrochemical and equivalent-circuit modelling are the two most popular approaches to battery simulation, but the former is computationally expensive and the latter provides limited physical insight. A theoretical middle ground would be useful to support battery management, on-line diagnostics, and cell design. We analyse a thermodynamically consistent, is

Anitha Srinivasan

We provide a complete classification of well-rounded ideal lattices arising from real quadratic fields. We show that the ideals that give rise to such lattices are precisely the ones that correspond to divisors $a$ of the discriminant $d$ that satisfy $\sqrt{\frac{d}{3}}<a<\sqrt{3d}.$

E. F. Talantsev

The discovery of high-temperature superconductivity in compressed H3S by Drozdov and co-workers (A. Drozdov, et. al., Nature 525, 73 (2015)) heralded a new era in superconductivity. To date, the record transition temperature of Tc = 260 K stands with another hydrogen-rich compound, LaH10 (M. Somayazulu, et. al., arXiv:1808.07695) which becomes superconductin

Valentin Sulzer, S. Jon Chapman, Colin P. Please, David A. Howey

An isothermal porous-electrode model of a discharging lead-acid battery is presented, which includes an extension of concentrated-solution theory that accounts for excluded-volume effects, local pressure variation, and a detailed microscopic water balance. The approach accounts for three typically neglected physical phenomena: convection, pressure diffusion,

Dustin Dannenhauer, Michael W. Floyd, Jonathan Decker, David W. Aha

Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup is a popular, single-player, free and open-source rogue-like video game with a sufficiently complex decision space that makes it an ideal testbed for research in cognitive systems and, more generally, artificial intelligence. This paper describes the properties of Dungeon Crawl Stone Soup that are conducive to evaluating new approach

Carlos E. Navia

The significant deviations among observations and the expectations based on self-similar scaling model of galaxy clusters, especially up to redshift $z\lesssim 0.4$, constrain the evolution of the X-ray clusters scaling relations with the redshift, is claimed that in this redshift range, the data has a strong influence by selection bias. However, also sugges

Alexander A. Sherstov

We study the approximation of halfspaces $h:\{0,1\}^n\to\{0,1\}$ in the infinity norm by polynomials and rational functions of any given degree. Our main result is an explicit construction of the &#34;hardest&#34; halfspace, for which we prove polynomial and rational approximation lower bounds that match the trivial upper bounds achievable for all halfspaces

Sahar Izadi Vishkayi, Meysam Bagheri Tagani

Two-dimensional polyaniline monolayer (C3N) has been recently synthesized as an indirect semiconductor with high electron mobility. In this research, with combination of density functional theory and Green function formalism, we investigate electrical and thermal properties of C3N sheet in details. It is observed that a tensile strain along zigzag direction

Alberto Arenas, Óscar Ciaurri, Edgar Labarga

This paper is the continuation of the study on discrete harmonic analysis related to Jacobi expansions initiated in [1]. Considering the operator $\mathcal{J}^{(α,β)}=J^{(α,β)}-I$, where $J^{(α,β)}$ is the three-term recurrence relation for the normalized Jacobi polynomials and $I$ is the identity operator, we focus on the study of weighted inequalities for

Maxence Lepers, Grégoire Guillon, Pascal Honvault

We use the time-independent quantum-mechanical formulation of reactive collisions in order to investigate the state-to-state $\mathrm{H}^+ + \mathrm{HD} \to \mathrm{D}^+ + \mathrm{H}_2$ chemical reaction. We compute cross sections for collision energies up to 1.8 electron-volts and rate coefficients for temperatures up to 10000 kelvin. We consider HD in the

Quanzhi Ye, Mikael Granvik

The under-abundance of asteroids on orbits with small perihelion distances suggests that thermally-driven disruption may be an important process in the removal of rocky bodies in the Solar System. Here we report our study of how the debris streams arise from possible thermally-driven disruptions in the near-Sun region. We calculate that a small body with a d

Sergey Nechayev, Jörg S. Eismann, Gerd Leuchs, Peter Banzer

Spin-orbit interactions in optics traditionally describe an influence of the polarization degree of freedom of light on its spatial properties. The most prominent example is the generation of a spin-dependent optical vortex upon focusing or scattering of a circularly polarized plane-wave by a nanoparticle, converting spin to orbital angular momentum of light

Yuriko Katase

Motivated by mirror symmetry for weighted projective spaces, we give a new characterization of exceptionoal unimodal singularities.

Vladimir Khodygo, Martin T. Swain, Adil Mughal

Active swarms, consisting of individual agents which consume energy to move or produce work, are known to generate a diverse range of collective behaviors. Many examples of active swarms are biological in nature (e.g., fish shoals and bird flocks) and have been modeled extensively by numerical simulations. Such simulations of swarms usually assume that the s

Bart M. P. Jansen, László Kozma, Jesper Nederlof

Dirac&#39;s theorem (1952) is a classical result of graph theory, stating that an $n$-vertex graph ($n \geq 3$) is Hamiltonian if every vertex has degree at least $n/2$. Both the value $n/2$ and the requirement for every vertex to have high degree are necessary for the theorem to hold. In this work we give efficient algorithms for determining Hamiltonicity w

José A. Gálvez, Pablo Mira

Let $u$ denote a solution to a rotationally invariant Hessian equation $F(D^2u)=0$ on a bounded simply connected domain $Ω\subset R^2$, with constant Dirichlet and Neumann data on $\partial Ω$. In this paper we prove that if $u$ is real analytic and not identically zero, then $u$ is radial and $Ω$ is a disk. The fully nonlinear operator $F\not\equiv 0$ is of

S. Dev, Desh Raj, Radha Raman Gautam, Lal Singh

We propose new mixing schemes for (3+1) neutrinos which describe mixing among active-active and active-sterile neutrinos. The mixing matrix in these mixing schemes can be factored into a zeroth order flavor symmetric part and another part representing small perturbations needed for generating non-zero $U_{e3}$, nonmaximal $θ_{23}$, CP violation and active-st

Pierre Ramond

As in Greek mythology, the neutrino was born in the mind of Wolfgang Pauli to salvage a fundamental principle. Its existence met with universal skepticism by a scientific community used to infer particles from experiment. Its detection in 1956 brought particle physics acceptance; its chirality explained maximal parity violation in $β$ decay; its (apparent) m

Besnik Fetahu, Avishek Anand, Maria Koutraki

Wikipedia tables represent an important resource, where information is organized w.r.t table schemas consisting of columns. In turn each column, may contain instance values that point to other Wikipedia articles or primitive values (e.g. numbers, strings etc.). In this work, we focus on the problem of interlinking Wikipedia tables for two types of table rela

Max Aalto, Nakul Verma

Recent literature has shown that symbolic data, such as text and graphs, is often better represented by points on a curved manifold, rather than in Euclidean space. However, geometrical operations on manifolds are generally more complicated than in Euclidean space, and thus many techniques for processing and analysis taken for granted in Euclidean space are

Davide Bacciu, Antonio Bruno

The paper surveys recent extensions of the Long-Short Term Memory networks to handle tree structures from the perspective of learning non-trivial forms of isomorph structured transductions. It provides a discussion of modern TreeLSTM models, showing the effect of the bias induced by the direction of tree processing. An empirical analysis is performed on real

Richard M. Aron, Verónica Dimant, Silvia Lassalle, Manuel Maestre

For a complex Banach space $X$ with open unit ball $B_X,$ consider the Banach algebras $\mathcal H^\infty(B_X)$ of bounded scalar-valued holomorphic functions and the subalgebra $\mathcal A_u(B_X)$ of uniformly continuous functions on $B_X.$ Denoting either algebra by $\mathcal A,$ we study the Gleason parts of the set of scalar-valued homomorphisms $\mathca

Lilian Besson, Remi Bonnefoi, Christophe Moy

We implement an IoT network the following way: one gateway, one or several intelligent (i.e., learning) objects, embedding the proposed solution, and a traffic generator that emulates radio interferences from many other objects. Intelligent objects communicate with the gateway with a wireless ALOHA-based protocol, which does not require any specific overhead

Anders Aamand, Mikkel Abrahamsen, Jakob Bæk Tejs Knudsen, Peter Michael Reichstein Rasmussen

Suppose that $A$ is a convex body in the plane and that $A_1,\dots,A_n$ are translates of $A$. Such translates give rise to an intersection graph of $A$, $G=(V,E)$, with vertices $V=\{1,\dots,n\}$ and edges $E=\{uv\mid A_u\cap A_v\neq \emptyset\}$. The subgraph $G&#39;=(V, E&#39;)$ satisfying that $E&#39;\subset E$ is the set of edges $uv$ for which the inte

Paweł Woźniak, Israel De León, Katja Höflich, Gerd Leuchs

The capability to distinguish the handedness of circularly polarized light is a well-known intrinsic property of a chiral nanostructure. It is a long-standing controversial debate, however, whether a chiral object can also sense the vorticity, or the orbital angular momentum (OAM), of a light field. Since OAM is a non-local property, it seems rather counter-

Alexander Farutin, Jocelyn Etienne, Chaouqi Misbah, Pierre Recho

There is increasing evidence that mammalian cells not only crawl on substrates but can also swim in fluids. To elucidate the mechanisms of the onset of motility of cells in suspension, a model which couples actin and myosin kinetics to fluid flow is proposed and solved for a spherical shape. The swimming speed is extracted in terms of key parameters. We anal

Xuchao Zhang, Shuo Lei, Liang Zhao, Arnold P. Boedihardjo

The presence of data corruption in user-generated streaming data, such as social media, motivates a new fundamental problem that learns reliable regression coefficient when features are not accessible entirely at one time. Until now, several important challenges still cannot be handled concurrently: 1) corrupted data estimation when only partial features are

Nikolaj Tatti

One of the classic data mining tasks is to discover bursts, time intervals, where events occur at abnormally high rate. In this paper we revisit Kleinberg&#39;s seminal work, where bursts are discovered by using exponential distribution with a varying rate parameter: the regions where it is more advantageous to set the rate higher are deemed bursty. The mode

Vladimir Petrov Kostov

We prove that 1) for any $q\in (0,1)$, all complex conjugate pairs of zeros of the partial theta function $θ(q,x):=\sum _{j=0}^{\infty}q^{j(j+1)/2}x^j$ belong to the set $\{$~Re\,$x\in (-5792.7,0),$~$|$Im\,$x|<132~\}$ $\cup$ $\{ ~|x|<18~\}$ and 2) for any $q\in (-1,0)$, they belong to the rectangle $\{$~$|$Re\,$x|< 364.2,$~$|$Im\,$x|<132~\}$.

Chloé Barré, Gregory Page, Julian Talbot, Pascal Viot

We model a particulate flow of constant velocity through confined geometries, ranging from a single channel to a bundle of $N_c$ identical coupled channels, under conditions of reversible blockage. Quantities of interest include the exiting particle flux (or throughput) and the probability that the bundle is open. For a constant entering flux, the bundle evo

Paavo Parmas

Backpropagation and the chain rule of derivatives have been prominent; however, the total derivative rule has not enjoyed the same amount of attention. In this work we show how the total derivative rule leads to an intuitive visual framework for creating gradient estimators on graphical models. In particular, previous &#34;policy gradient theorems&#34; are e

Nadia Boukhelifa, Anastasia Bezerianos, Ioan Cristian Trelea, Nathalie Mejean Perrot

Experts in different domains rely increasingly on simulation models of complex processes to reach insights, make decisions, and plan future projects. These models are often used to study possible trade-offs, as experts try to optimise multiple conflicting objectives in a single investigation. Understanding all the model intricacies, however, is challenging f

Tzu-Yu Chen, Julian Obermeier, Thorsten Schumacher, Fan-Cheng Lin

A new concept for second-harmonic generation (SHG) in an optical nanocircuit is proposed. We demonstrate both theoretically and experimentally that the symmetry of an optical mode alone is sufficient to allow SHG even in centro-symmetric structures made of centro-symmetric material. The concept is realized using a plasmonic two-wire transmission-line (TWTL),

Scott A. Taylor

This is a survey article for the forthcoming `A Concise Encyclopedia of Knot Theory.&#39; We focus on the topology of spatial graphs with few vertices and edges, paying particular attention to Brunnian $θ$-graphs.

Andrea Franceschini, Victor A. Paludetto Magri, Gianluca Mazzucco, Nicolò Spiezia

The numerical simulation of structural mechanics applications via finite elements usually requires the solution of large-size and ill-conditioned linear systems, especially when accurate results are sought for derived variables interpolated with lower order functions, like stress or deformation fields. Such task represents the most time-consuming kernel in c

N. Lazarides, J. Hizanidis, G. P. Tsironis

SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) metamaterials, subject to a time-independent (dc) flux gradient and driven by a sinusoidal (ac) flux field, support chimera states that can be generated with zero initial conditions. The dc flux gradient and the amplitude of the ac flux can control the number of desynchronized clusters of such a generated c

Lan N. Nguyen, My T. Thai

This paper focuses on network resilience to perturbation of edge weight. Other than connectivity, many network applications nowadays rely upon some measure of network distance between a pair of connected nodes. In these systems, a metric related to network functionality is associated to each edge. A pair of nodes only being functional if the weighted, shorte

Gabriel S. Denicol, Etele Molnár, Harri Niemi, Dirk H. Rischke

We derive the equations of motion of relativistic, resistive, second-order dissipative magnetohydrodynamics from the Boltzmann-Vlasov equation using the method of moments. We thus extend our previous work [Phys. Rev. D 98, 076009 (2018)], where we only considered the non-resistive limit, to the case of finite electric conductivity. This requires keeping term

F. Surot, E. Valenti, S. L. Hidalgo, M. Zoccali

Recent observational programmes are providing a global view of the Milky Way bulge that serves as template for detailed comparison with models and extragalactic bulges. A number of surveys (i.e. VVV, GIBS, GES, ARGOS, BRAVA, APOGEE) are producing comprehensive and detailed extinction, metallicity, kinematics and stellar density maps of the Galactic bulge wit

Laura Cantini, Michele Caselle

After its introduction in 1982, the Hopfield model has been extensively applied for classification and pattern recognition. Recently, its great potential in gene expression patterns retrieval has also been shown. Following this line, we develop Hope4Genes a single-sample class prediction algorithm based on a Hopfield-like model. Differently from previous wor

Helmut Prodinger, Sarah J. Selkirk, Stephan Wagner

Two subclasses of Motzkin paths, S-Motzkin and T-Motzkin paths, are introduced. We provide bijections between S-Motzkin paths and ternary trees, S-Motzkin paths and non-crossing trees, and T-Motzkin paths and ordered pairs of ternary trees. Symbolic equations for both paths, and thus generating functions for the paths, are provided. Using these, various para

M. D. Acosta, M. Soleimani-Mourchehkhorti

We prove that the class of Banach spaces $Y$ such that the pair $(\ell_1, Y)$ has the Bishop-Phelps-Bollobás property for operators is stable under finite products when the norm of the product is given by an absolute norm. We also provide examples showing that previous stability results obtained for that property are optimal.

F. D. Priestley, M. J. Barlow, I. De Looze

We model the thermal dust emission from dust grains heated by synchrotron radiation and by particle collisions, under conditions appropriate for four different shocked and unshocked gas components of the Cassiopeia A (Cas A) supernova remnant (SNR). By fitting the resulting spectral energy distributions (SEDs) to the observed SNR dust fluxes, we determine th

Andy Buckley, Frank Krauss, Simon Plätzer, Michael Seymour

Monte Carlo event generators (MCEGs) are the indispensable workhorses of particle physics, bridging the gap between theoretical ideas and first-principles calculations on the one hand, and the complex detector signatures and data of the experimental community on the other hand. All collider physics experiments are dependent on simulated events by MCEG codes

Stefan Ast, Sibilla Di Pace, Jacques Millo, Mikhael Pichot

We experimentally demonstrate the conversion of a fundamental $\text{TEM}_{00}$ laser mode at 1064\,nm to higher order Hermite-Gaussian modes (HG) of arbitrary order via a commercially available liquid crystal Spatial Light Modulator (SLM). We particularly studied the $\text{HG}_{5,5}/\text{HG}_{10,10}/\text{HG}_{15,15}$ modes. A two-mirror plano-spherical c

André Mantas, Fernando M. V. Ramos

In Software-Defined Networking (SDN), network applications use the logically centralized network view provided by the controller to remotely orchestrate the network switches. To avoid the controller being a single point of failure, traditional fault-tolerance techniques are employed to guarantee availability, a fundamental requirement in production environme

Asa F. L. Bluck, Connor Bottrell, Hossen Teimoorinia, Bruno M. B. Henriques

We investigate the dependence of galaxy structure on a variety of galactic and environmental parameters for ~500,000 galaxies at z<0.2, taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey data release 7 (SDSS-DR7). We utilise bulge-to-total stellar mass ratio, (B/T)_*, as the primary indicator of galactic structure, which circumvents issues of morphological dependence o

Shahar Mendelson

We present a simple proof to a fact recently established in [5]: let $ξ$ be a symmetric random variable that has variance $1$, let $Γ=(ξ_{ij})$ be an $N \times n$ random matrix whose entries are independent copies of $ξ$, and set $X_1,...,X_N$ to be the rows of $Γ$. Then under minimal assumptions on $ξ$ and as long as $N \geq c_1n$, $$ c_2 \bigl(B_\infty^n \

Michael Lübben, Felix Cüppers, Johannes Mohr, Moritz von Witzleben

Future development of the modern nanoelectronics and its flagships internet of things and artificial intelligence as well as many related applications is largely associated with memristive elements. This technology offers a broad spectrum of functionalities, however, it follows predominantly a phenomenological approach and crucial challenge/limit for further

James D. Keegans, Chris L. Fryer, Samuel W. Jones, Benoit Cote

Massive-star binaries can undergo a phase where one of the two stars expands during its advanced evolutionary stage as a giant and envelops its companion, ejecting the hydrogen envelope and tightening its orbit. Such a common envelope phase is required to tighten the binary orbit in the formation of many of the observed X-ray binaries and merging compact bin

G. Bruni, F. Ursini, F. Panessa, L. Bassani

With their sizes larger than 0.7 Mpc, Giant Radio Galaxies (GRGs) are the largest individual objects in the Universe. To date, the reason why they reach such enormous extensions is still unclear. One of the proposed scenarios suggests that they are the result of multiple episodes of jet activity. Cross-correlating the INTEGRAL+Swift AGN population with radio

Rodolfo C. Ertola-Biraben, Francesc Esteva, Lluís Godo

Motivated by Gentzen disjunction elimination rule in his Natural Deduction calculus and reading inequalities with meet in a natural way, we conceive a notion of distributivity for join-semilattices. We prove that it is equivalent to a notion present in the literature. In the way, we prove that those notions are linearly ordered. We finally consider the notio

Shree Prasad M., Trilochan Panigrahi, Mahbub Hassan, Ming Ding

Time difference of arrival (TDOA) is a widely used technique for localizing a radio transmitter from the difference in signal arrival times at multiple receivers. For TDOA to work, the individual receivers must estimate the respective signal arrival times precisely, which requires sampling the signal at least double the rate of its highest frequency content,

Guillaume Michel, Mohammed Amine Alaoui, Alice Lebois, Amal Feriani

Automatic search of neural network architectures is a standing research topic. In addition to the fact that it presents a faster alternative to hand-designed architectures, it can improve their efficiency and for instance generate Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) adapted for mobile devices. In this paper, we present a multi-objective neural architecture s