April 2019 arXiv papers — page 125

Yucheng Shi, Siyu Wang, Yahong Han

Image classifiers based on deep neural networks suffer from harassment caused by adversarial examples. Two defects exist in black-box iterative attacks that generate adversarial examples by incrementally adjusting the noise-adding direction for each step. On the one hand, existing iterative attacks add noises monotonically along the direction of gradient asc

Yoshiharu Kawamura

We explore a flavor structure of quarks in the standard model under the assumption that flavor symmetries exist in a theory beyond the standard model, and chase after their properties, using a bottom-up approach. We reacknowledge that a flavor-symmetric part of Yukawa coupling matrix can be realized by a rank-one matrix and a democratic-type one occupies a s

Mohamed M. Albarghot, M. Tariq Iqbal, Kevin Pope, Luc Rolland

The combination of a fuel cell and batteries has promising potential for powering autonomous vehicles. The MUN Explorer Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) is built to do mapping-type missions of seabeds as well as survey missions. These missions require a great deal of power to reach underwater depths (i.e. 3000 meters). The MUN Explorer uses 11 rechargeabl

Nikos Kargas, Nicholas D. Sidiropoulos

We study the problem of learning a mixture model of non-parametric product distributions. The problem of learning a mixture model is that of finding the component distributions along with the mixing weights using observed samples generated from the mixture. The problem is well-studied in the parametric setting, i.e., when the component distributions are memb

Bjorn J. Scholz

Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS) has the largest predicted cross-section of all low-energy neutrino couplings. However, as a neutral-current interaction, the only experimental signature of CE$ν$NS is a low-energy nuclear recoil, which made its detection challenging. CE$ν$NS remained unobserved for over four decades. This thesis describe

Kun Xu, Mei Huang

The finite-size effect on the chiral phase transition is investigated in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model. To take into account finite-size effects, momentum integrals are replaced by momentum summations. The ground state of quark matter at finite size is favored when applying the periodic spatial boundary condition for quarks. The zero-momentum contribution is

Eliseu M. Oliveira, Rafael Freitas Reale, Joberto S. B. Martins

Management is a complex task in today's heterogeneous and large scale networks like Cloud, IoT, vehicular and MPLS networks. Likewise, researchers and developers envision the use of artificial intelligence techniques to create cognitive and autonomic management tools that aim better assist and enhance the management process cycle. Bandwidth allocation mo

Darina Roitshtain, Lauren Wolbromsky, Evgeny Bal, Hayit Greenspan

We present cytometric classification of live healthy and cancer cells by using the spatial morphological and textural information found in the label-free quantitative phase images of the cells. We compare both healthy cells to primary tumor cell and primary tumor cells to metastatic cancer cells, where tumor biopsies and normal tissues were isolated from the

Jun Lai, Michael O'Neil

Fast, high-order accurate algorithms for electromagnetic scattering from axisymmetric objects are of great importance when modeling physical phenomena in optics, materials science (e.g. meta-materials), and many other fields of applied science. In this paper, we develop an FFT-accelerated separation of variables solver that can be used to efficiently invert

Jeff Calder, Dejan Slepcev

The performance of traditional graph Laplacian methods for semi-supervised learning degrades substantially as the ratio of labeled to unlabeled data decreases, due to a degeneracy in the graph Laplacian. Several approaches have been proposed recently to address this, however we show that some of them remain ill-posed in the large-data limit. In this paper, w

Yang Wang, Daniel Graziotin, Stefan Kriso, Stefan Wagner

Context: Safety analysis is a predominant activity in developing safety-critical systems. It is a highly cooperative task among multiple functional departments due to increasingly sophisticated safety-critical systems and close-knit development processes. Communication occurs pervasively. Motivation: Effective communication channels among multiple functional

G. N. Milstein, M. V. Tretyakov

We consider a time discretization of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations with spatial periodic boundary conditions in the vorticity-velocity formulation. The approximation is based on freezing the velocity on time subintervals resulting in linear parabolic equations for vorticity. Probabilistic representations for solutions of these linear equations are g

Jianfeng Lu, Matthias Sachs, Stefan Steinerberger

We discuss the classical problem of how to pick $N$ weighted points on a $d-$dimensional manifold so as to obtain a reasonable quadrature rule $$ \frac{1}{|M|}\int_{M}{f(x) dx} \simeq \frac{1}{N} \sum_{n=1}^{N}{a_i f(x_i)}.$$ This problem, naturally, has a long history; the purpose of our paper is to propose selecting points and weights so as to minimize the

Frederic Weidling, Benjamin Sprung, Thorsten Hohage

This paper deals with Tikhonov regularization for linear and nonlinear ill-posed operator equations with wavelet Besov norm penalties. We show order optimal rates of convergence for finitely smoothing operators and for the backwards heat equation for a range of Besov spaces using variational source conditions. We also derive order optimal rates for a white n

Fengjiao Liu, A. Stephen Morse

One version of the concept of structural controllability defined for single-input systems by Lin and subsequently generalized to multi-input systems by others, states that a parameterized matrix pair $(A, B)$ whose nonzero entries are distinct parameters, is structurally controllable if values can be assigned to the parameters which cause the resulting matri

Xiaofeng Yang, Haijun Yu

We consider the numerical approximations for a phase field model consisting of incompressible Navier--Stokes equations with a generalized Navier boundary condition, and the Cahn-Hilliard equation with a dynamic moving contact line boundary condition. A crucial and challenging issue for solving this model numerically is the time marching problem, due to the h

Wenping Cui, Robert Marsland, Pankaj Mehta

In 1972, Robert May triggered a worldwide research program studying ecological communities using random matrix theory. Yet, it remains unclear if and when we can treat real communities as random ecosystems. Here, we draw on recent progress in random matrix theory and statistical physics to extend May's approach to generalized consumer-resource models. We

Tianrui Xiao, Ashish Khisti

It is often necessary to disclose training data to the public domain, while protecting privacy of certain sensitive labels. We use information theoretic measures to develop such privacy preserving data disclosure mechanisms. Our mechanism involves perturbing the data vectors in a manner that strikes a balance in the privacy-utility trade-off. We use maximal

Emilio A. Lauret, Roberto J. Miatello, Juan Pablo Rossetti

In this paper we report on recent results by several authors, on the spectral theory of lens spaces and orbifolds and similar locally symmetric spaces of rank one. Most of these results are related to those obtained by the authors in [IMRN (2016), 1054--1089], where the spectra of lens spaces were described in terms of the one-norm spectrum of a naturally as

David Kozak, Stephen Becker, Alireza Doostan, Luis Tenorio

We present two stochastic descent algorithms that apply to unconstrained optimization and are particularly efficient when the objective function is slow to evaluate and gradients are not easily obtained, as in some PDE-constrained optimization and machine learning problems. The basic algorithm projects the gradient onto a random subspace at each iteration, s

Duygu Sarikaya, Pierre Jannin

In this paper, we address the open research problem of surgical gesture recognition using motion cues from video data only. We adapt Optical flow ConvNets initially proposed by Simonyan et al.. While Simonyan uses both RGB frames and dense optical flow, we use only dense optical flow representations as input to emphasize the role of motion in surgical gestur

Lifu Tu, Kevin Gimpel

Exact structured inference with neural network scoring functions is computationally challenging but several methods have been proposed for approximating inference. One approach is to perform gradient descent with respect to the output structure directly (Belanger and McCallum, 2016). Another approach, proposed recently, is to train a neural network (an "

Z. Nagy, S. Spezzano, P. Caselli, A. Vasyunin

L1521E is a dense starless core in Taurus that was found to have relatively low molecular depletion by earlier studies, thus suggesting a recent formation. We aim to characterize the chemical structure of L1521E and compare it to the more evolved L1544 pre-stellar core. We have obtained $\sim$2.5$\times$2.5 arcminute maps toward L1521E using the IRAM-30m tel

Alejandro R. Urzúa, Irán Ramos-Prieto, Francisco Soto-Eguibar, Héctor Moya Cessa

The dynamical analysis of vibrational systems of masses interconnected by restitution elements each with a single degree of freedom, and different configurations between masses and spring constants, is presented. Finite circular and linear arrays are studied using classical arguments, and their proper solution is given using methods often found in quantum op

Sergei V. Bulanov, Pavel V. Sasorov, Stepan S. Bulanov, Georg Korn

In vacuum with an induced by strong electromagnetic wave refraction index larger than unity, an ultra-relativistic electron emits Cherenkov radiation. During the interaction with this wave the electron also radiates photons via the Compton scattering. Synergic Cherenkov-Compton process can be observed by colliding laser accelerated electrons with a high inte

Mikkel Bjørn, Sneha Malde

As measurements of the CKM angle $γ$ in decays of $b$-hadrons become increasingly precise, it is important to consider the impact of processes that affect secondary and tertiary decay products and can contribute to the observed CP violation. The golden decay mode used to measure $γ$ is $B^\pm\to DK^\pm$, where $D\to K_\text{S}^0π^+π^-$. Due to the presence o

Michael Beverland, Earl Campbell, Mark Howard, Vadym Kliuchnikov

We establish lower-bounds on the number of resource states, also known as magic states, needed to perform various quantum computing tasks, treating stabilizer operations as free. Our bounds apply to adaptive computations using measurements and an arbitrary number of stabilizer ancillas. We consider (1) resource state conversion, (2) single-qubit unitary synt

Victor E. Ambruş

We consider rigidly-rotating thermal states of a massless Klein-Gordon field enclosed within a cylindrical boundary, where Robin boundary conditions (RBCs) are imposed. The connection between the parameter of the RBCs and the energy density and four-velocity expressed in the Landau frame is revealed.

Sharon Zhou, Mitchell L. Gordon, Ranjay Krishna, Austin Narcomey

Generative models often use human evaluations to measure the perceived quality of their outputs. Automated metrics are noisy indirect proxies, because they rely on heuristics or pretrained embeddings. However, up until now, direct human evaluation strategies have been ad-hoc, neither standardized nor validated. Our work establishes a gold standard human benc

D Lagomarsino-Oneto, J Golan, A Mazzino, A Pringle

The fungi disperse spores to move across landscapes and spore liberation takes different patterns. While many species release spores intermittently, others release spores at specific times of day or night according to intrinsic rhythms. Despite intriguing evidence of diurnal rhythms, why the timing of spore liberation would matter to a fungus remains an open

P. D. Hislop, C. A. Marx

We extend our results in \cite{hislop_marx_1} on the quantitative continuity properties, with respect to the single-site probability measure, of the density of states measure and the integrated density of states for random Schrödinger operators. For lattice models on $\mathbb{Z}^d$, with $d \geq 1$, we treat the case of non-compactly supported probability me

Marcel Hark, Benjamin Lucien Kaminski, Jürgen Giesl, Joost-Pieter Katoen

We present a new inductive rule for verifying lower bounds on expected values of random variables after execution of probabilistic loops as well as on their expected runtimes. Our rule is simple in the sense that loop body semantics need to be applied only finitely often in order to verify that the candidates are indeed lower bounds. In particular, it is not

Mohamed Elhoseiny, Mohamed Elfeki

Zero-shot learning (ZSL) aims at understanding unseen categories with no training examples from class-level descriptions. To improve the discriminative power of zero-shot learning, we model the visual learning process of unseen categories with inspiration from the psychology of human creativity for producing novel art. We relate ZSL to human creativity by ob

Katharina Heinrich, Roy Skjelnes, Jan Stevens

We consider the Cohen-Macaulay compactification of the space of twisted cubics in projective n-space. This compactification is the fine moduli scheme representing the functor of CM-curves with Hilbert polynomial 3t+1. We show that the moduli scheme of CM-curves in projective 3-space is isomorphic to the twisted cubic component of the Hilbert scheme. We also

Fan Li, Andrea Mercatanti, Taneli Makinen, Andrea Silvestrini

Regression discontinuity (RD) is a widely used quasi-experimental design for causal inference. In the standard RD, the assignment to treatment is determined by a continuous pretreatment variable (i.e., running variable) falling above or below a pre-fixed threshold. In the case of the corporate sector purchase programme (CSPP) of the European Central Bank, wh

Edgar Knobloch, Hannes Uecker, Daniel Wetzel

We study numerically the cubic-quintic-septic Swift-Hohenberg (SH357) equation on bounded one-dimensional domains. Under appropriate conditions stripes with wave number $k\approx 1$ bifurcate supercritically from the zero state and form S-shaped branches resulting in bistability between small and large amplitude stripes. Within this bistability range we find

Yunsheng Bai, Hao Ding, Yang Qiao, Agustin Marinovic

We introduce a novel approach to graph-level representation learning, which is to embed an entire graph into a vector space where the embeddings of two graphs preserve their graph-graph proximity. Our approach, UGRAPHEMB, is a general framework that provides a novel means to performing graph-level embedding in a completely unsupervised and inductive manner.

Alberto Hernandez, Adarsh Balasubramanian, Fenglin Yuan, Simon Mason

The length and time scales of atomistic simulations are limited by the computational cost of the methods used to predict material properties. In recent years there has been great progress in the use of machine learning algorithms to develop fast and accurate interatomic potential models, but it remains a challenge to develop models that generalize well and a

Andreas Kofler, Marc Dewey, Tobias Schaeffter, Christian Wald

In this work we reduce undersampling artefacts in two-dimensional ($2D$) golden-angle radial cine cardiac MRI by applying a modified version of the U-net. We train the network on $2D$ spatio-temporal slices which are previously extracted from the image sequences. We compare our approach to two $2D$ and a $3D$ Deep Learning-based post processing methods and t

A. J. Ferreira-Martins, P. Meert, R. da Rocha

A family of deformed AdS4-Reissner-Nordström black branes, governed by a free parameter, is derived using the ADM formalism, in the context of the membrane paradigm. Their new event horizons, the Hawking temperature and other aspects are scrutinized. AdS/CFT near-horizon methods are then implemented to compute the shear viscosity-to-entropy ratio for the def

Pietro Caputo, Cyril Labbé, Hubert Lacoin

By viewing the $N$-simplex as the set of positions of $N-1$ ordered particles on the unit interval, the adjacent walk is the continuous time Markov chain obtained by updating independently at rate 1 the position of each particle with a sample from the uniform distribution over the interval given by the two particles adjacent to it. We determine its spectral

Michael A. Beasley, Ryan Leaman, Carme Gallart, Soeren Larsen

We report the confirmation of an old, metal-poor globular cluster in the nearby dwarf irregular galaxy Sextans A, the first globular cluster known in this galaxy. The cluster, which we designate as Sextans A-GC1, lies some 4.4 arcminutes ($\sim1.8$ kpc) to the SW of the galaxy centre and clearly resolves into stars in sub-arcsecond seeing ground-based imagin

Michael Joswig, Benjamin Schröter

We study parameterized versions of classical algorithms for computing shortest-path trees. This is most easily expressed in terms of tropical geometry. Applications include shortest paths in traffic networks with variable link travel times.

Brendan Fong, Alberto Speranzon, David I. Spivak

We present an elementary introduction to a new logic for reasoning about behaviors that occur over time. This logic is based on temporal type theory. The syntax of the logic is similar to the usual first-order logic; what differs is the notion of truth value. Instead of reasoning about whether formulas are true or false, our logic reasons about temporal land

Valentin Peretroukhin, Brandon Wagstaff, Matthew Giamou, Jonathan Kelly

Accurate estimates of rotation are crucial to vision-based motion estimation in augmented reality and robotics. In this work, we present a method to extract probabilistic estimates of rotation from deep regression models. First, we build on prior work and argue that a multi-headed network structure we name HydraNet provides better calibrated uncertainty esti

Lee Clement, Mona Gridseth, Justin Tomasi, Jonathan Kelly

Long-term metric self-localization is an essential capability of autonomous mobile robots, but remains challenging for vision-based systems due to appearance changes caused by lighting, weather, or seasonal variations. While experience-based mapping has proven to be an effective technique for bridging the `appearance gap,' the number of experiences required

C. A. Bertulani, J. Valencia

The equation of state (EOS) of infinite nuclear matter with a small proton/neutron fraction is a crucial input to determine the properties of neutron stars and compare model predictions to astronomical observations. The so-called `symmetry energy' is the part of the EOS accounting for the difference in the number of neutrons and protons. Numerous experim

Thomas Prince

We construct Fano threefolds with very ample anti-canonical bundle and Picard rank greater than one from cracked polytopes - polytopes whose intersection with a complete fan forms a set of unimodular polytopes - using Laurent inversion; a method developed jointly with Coates-Kasprzyk. We also give constructions of rank one Fano threefolds from cracked polyto

Raban Iten, Oliver Reardon-Smith, Emanuel Malvetti, Luca Mondada

We introduce an open source software package UniversalQCompiler written in Mathematica that allows the decomposition of arbitrary quantum operations into a sequence of single-qubit rotations (with arbitrary rotation angles) and controlled-NOT (C-NOT) gates. Together with the existing package QI, this allows quantum information protocols to be analysed and th

Ahmed Salem, Apratim Bhattacharya, Michael Backes, Mario Fritz

Machine learning (ML) has progressed rapidly during the past decade and the major factor that drives such development is the unprecedented large-scale data. As data generation is a continuous process, this leads to ML model owners updating their models frequently with newly-collected data in an online learning scenario. In consequence, if an ML model is quer

Yanli Qiu, Roberto Soria, Song Wang, Grzegorz Wiktorowicz

We investigated the time-variability and spectral properties of the eclipsing X-ray source Circinus Galaxy X-1 (GG X-1), using Chandra, XMM-Newton and ROSAT. We phase-connected the lightcurves observed over 20 years, and obtained a best-fitting period $P = (25,970.0 \pm 0.1)$ s $\approx$7.2 hr, and a period derivative $\dot{P}/P = ( 10.2\pm4.6) \times 10^{-7

Ying-Jen Yang, Hong Qian

Stochastic entropy production, which quantifies the difference between the probabilities of trajectories of a stochastic dynamics and its time reversals, has a central role in nonequilibrium thermodynamics. In the theory of probability, the change in the statistical properties of observables can be represented by a change in the probability measure. We consi

Vladimir Đošović, Branislav Vukotić, Milan M. Ćirković

Context. Astrobiological evolution of the Milky Way (or the shape of its "astrobiological landscape") has emerged as one of the key research topics in recent years. In order to build precise, quantitative models of the Galactic habitability, we need to account for two opposing tendencies of life and intelligence in the most general context: the tende

Matěj Tušek

We show that the one-dimensional Dirac operator with quite general point interaction may be approximated in the norm resolvent sense by the Dirac operator with a scaled regular potential of the form $1/\varepsilon~h(x/\varepsilon)\otimes B$, where $B$ is a suitable $2\times 2$ matrix. Moreover, we prove that the limit does not depend on the particular choice

Marco Romanelli, Konstantinos Chatzikokolakis, Catuscia Palamidessi

We consider the problem of obfuscating sensitive information while preserving utility, and we propose a machine learning approach inspired by the generative adversarial networks paradigm. The idea is to set up two nets: the generator, that tries to produce an optimal obfuscation mechanism to protect the data, and the classifier, that tries to de-obfuscate th

Nastasha A. Wijers, Joop Schaye, Benjamin D. Oppenheimer, Robert A. Crain

We use the EAGLE cosmological, hydrodynamical simulations to predict the column density and equivalent width distributions of intergalactic O VII ($E=574$ eV) and O VIII ($E=654$ eV) absorbers at low redshift. These two ions are predicted to account for 40% of the gas-phase oxygen, which implies that they are key tracers of cosmic metals. We find that their

Elizabeth E. Bruch, M. E. J. Newman

We study the structure of heterosexual dating markets in the United States through an analysis of the interactions of several million users of a large online dating web site, applying recently developed network analysis methods to the pattern of messages exchanged among users. Our analysis shows that the strongest driver of romantic interaction at the nation

Benjamin Letham, Eytan Bakshy

Online field experiments are the gold-standard way of evaluating changes to real-world interactive machine learning systems. Yet our ability to explore complex, multi-dimensional policy spaces - such as those found in recommendation and ranking problems - is often constrained by the limited number of experiments that can be run simultaneously. To alleviate t

Rouven Frassek, Cristian Giardinà, Jorge Kurchan

In this paper we discuss a family of models of particle and energy diffusion on a one-dimensional lattice, related to those studied previously in [Sasamoto-Wadati], [Barraquand-Corwin] and [Povolotsky] in the context of KPZ universality class. We show that they may be mapped onto an integrable $\mathfrak{sl}(2)$ Heisenberg spin chain whose Hamiltonian densit

Karun Adusumilli, Friedrich Geiecke, Claudio Schilter

Dynamic decisions are pivotal to economic policy making. We show how existing evidence from randomized control trials can be utilized to guide personalized decisions in challenging dynamic environments with budget and capacity constraints. Recent advances in reinforcement learning now enable the solution of many complex, real-world problems for the first tim

Fazlollah Hajkarim, Jürgen Schaffner-Bielich, Stephan Wystub, Mandy M. Wygas

Using the quantum chromodynamics (QCD) equation of state (EoS) from lattice calculations we investigate effects from QCD on primordial gravitational waves (PGWs) produced during the inflationary era. We also consider different cases for vanishing and nonvanishing lepton asymmetry where the latter one is constrained by cosmic microwave background experiments.

Xuan Chen, Thomas Gehrmann, Nigel Glover, Marius Höfer

We describe the calculation of the next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) QCD corrections to isolated photon and photon-plus-jet production, and discuss how the experimental hadron-level photon definition and isolation criteria can be approximated in the theoretical parton-level calculation. The NNLO corrections lead to a considerable reduction of the theory u

Dmitry Ponomarev, Ergin Sezgin, Evgeny Skvortsov

We propose an approach to compute one-loop corrections to the four-point amplitude in the higher spin gravities that are holographically dual to free $O(N)$, $U(N)$ and $USp(N)$ vector models. We compute the double-particle cut of one-loop diagrams by expressing them in terms of tree level four-point amplitudes. We then discuss how the remaining contribution

Thomas Koberda, Feng Luo, Hongbin Sun

We establish an effective version of the classical Lie--Kolchin Theorem. Namely, let $A,B\in\mathrm{GL}_m(\mathbb{C})$ be quasi--unipotent matrices such that the Jordan Canonical Form of $B$ consists of a single block, and suppose that for all $k\geq0$ the matrix $AB^k$ is also quasi--unipotent. Then $A$ and $B$ have a common eigenvector. In particular, $\la

David R. M. Arvidsson-Shukur, Crispin H. W. Barnes

A recent quantum protocol for counterfactual communication [Y. Aharonov and L. Vaidman, Phys. Rev. A 99, 010103(R), 2019] relies on post-selection to eliminate the weak trace in the transmission channel. We show that the post-selection in this protocol also eliminates the flow of Fisher information from transmitter to receiver. However, we also show that a c

Jinzhao Wang

The geometry of small causal diamonds is systematically studied, based on three distinct constructions that are common in the literature, namely the geodesic ball, the Alexandrov interval and the lightcone cut. The causal diamond geometry is calculated perturbatively using Riemann normal coordinate expansion up to the leading order in both vacuum and non-vac

Maximilian Igl, Andrew Gambardella, Jinke He, Nantas Nardelli

We present Multitask Soft Option Learning(MSOL), a hierarchical multitask framework based on Planning as Inference. MSOL extends the concept of options, using separate variational posteriors for each task, regularized by a shared prior. This ''soft'' version of options avoids several instabilities during training in a multitask setting, and p

Mingbo Ma, Renjie Zheng, Liang Huang

Beam search optimization resolves many issues in neural machine translation. However, this method lacks principled stopping criteria and does not learn how to stop during training, and the model naturally prefers the longer hypotheses during the testing time in practice since they use the raw score instead of the probability-based score. We propose a novel r

Seshadri Nadathur, Paul M. Carter, Will J. Percival, Hans A. Winther

We present a measurement of the anisotropic void-galaxy cross-correlation function in the CMASS galaxy sample of the BOSS DR12 data release. We perform a joint fit to the data for redshift space distortions (RSD) due to galaxy peculiar velocities and anisotropies due to the Alcock-Paczynski (AP) effect, for the first time using a velocity field reconstructio

Hao-Ran Yu, Pavel Motloch, Ue-Li Pen, Yu Yu

Chiral symmetry is maximally violated in weak interactions, and such microscopic asymmetries in the early Universe might leave observable imprints on astrophysical scales without violating the cosmological principle. In this Letter, we propose a helicity measurement to detect primordial chiral violation. We point out that observations of halo-galaxy angular

Stephen A. Pardy, Elena D'Onghia, Julio Navarro, Robert Grand

We use the Auriga cosmological simulations of Milky Way (MW)-mass galaxies and their surroundings to study the satellite populations of dwarf galaxies in $Λ$CDM. As expected from prior work, the number of satellites above a fixed stellar mass is a strong function of the mass of the primary dwarf. For galaxies as luminous as the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC),

Xenia de la Ossa, Magdalena Larfors, Matthew Magill, Eirik E. Svanes

We dimensionally reduce the ten dimensional heterotic action on spacetimes of the form ${\cal M}_{(2,1)}\times Y$, where ${\cal M}_{(2,1)}$ is three dimensional maximally symmetric Anti de Sitter or Minkowski space, and $Y$ is a compact seven dimensional manifold with $G_2$ structure. In doing so, we derive the real superpotential functional of the correspon

Nicholas Bornman, Shashi Prabhakar, Adam Vallés, Jonathan Leach

Traditional ghost imaging experiments exploit position correlations between correlated states of light. These correlations occur directly in spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC), and in such a scenario, the two-photon state used for ghost imaging is symmetric. Here we perform ghost imaging using an anti-symmetric state, engineering the two-photon st

Gabriele La Nave, Kridsanaphong Limtragool, Philip W. Phillips

We present here a theory of fractional electro-magnetism which is capable of describing phenomenon as disparate as the non-locality of the Pippard kernel in superconductivity and anomalous dimensions for conserved currents in holographic dilatonic models. The starting point for our analysis is the observation that the standard current conservation equations

Sofia Contarini, Tommaso Ronconi, Federico Marulli, Lauro Moscardini

Cosmic voids are large underdense regions that, together with galaxy clusters, filaments and walls, build up the large-scale structure of the Universe. The void size function provides a powerful probe to test the cosmological framework. However, to fully exploit this statistics, the void sample has to be properly cleaned from spurious objects. Furthermore, t

Jia Liu, Zhen Liu, Lian-Tao Wang, Xiao-Ping Wang

We study the signal of long-lived sterile neutrino at the LHC produced through the decay of the $W$ boson. It decays into charged lepton and jets. The characteristic signature is a hard prompt lepton and a lepton from the displaced decay of the sterile neutrino, which leads to a bundle of displaced tracks with large transverse impact parameter. Different fro

Sašo Grozdanov, Pavel K. Kovtun, Andrei O. Starinets, Petar Tadić

Hydrodynamic excitations corresponding to sound and shear modes in fluids are characterised by gapless dispersion relations. In the hydrodynamic gradient expansion, their frequencies are represented by power series in spatial momenta. We investigate the analytic structure and convergence properties of the hydrodynamic series by studying the associated spectr

Pavel Fileviez Perez, Elliot Golias, Rui-Hao Li, Clara Murgui

We investigate the predictions of anomaly-free dark matter models for direct and indirect detection experiments. We focus on gauge theories where the existence of a fermionic dark matter candidate is predicted by anomaly cancellation, its mass is defined by the new symmetry breaking scale, and its stability is guaranteed by a remnant symmetry after the break

Prateek Agrawal, Francis-Yan Cyr-Racine, David Pinner, Lisa Randall

Local measurements of the Hubble parameter are increasingly in tension with the value inferred from a $\Lambda$CDM fit to the cosmic microwave background (CMB) data. In this paper, we construct scenarios in which evolving scalar fields significantly ease this tension by adding energy to the Universe around recombination in a narrow redshift window. We identi

Zheyan Wan, Juven Wang, Yunqin Zheng

We explore 4d Yang-Mills gauge theories (YM) living as boundary conditions of 5d gapped short/long-range entangled (SRE/LRE) topological states. Specifically, we explore 4d time-reversal symmetric pure YM of an SU(2) gauge group with a second-Chern-class topological term at $\theta=\pi$ (SU(2)$_{\theta=\pi}$ YM), by turning on background fields for both the

Carlos Esteves, Yinshuang Xu, Christine Allen-Blanchette, Kostas Daniilidis

Several popular approaches to 3D vision tasks process multiple views of the input independently with deep neural networks pre-trained on natural images, achieving view permutation invariance through a single round of pooling over all views. We argue that this operation discards important information and leads to subpar global descriptors. In this paper, we p

Kai Koike

We consider the motion of a point mass in a one-dimensional viscous compressible barotropic fluid. The fluid--point mass system is governed by the barotropic compressible Navier--Stokes equations and Newton's equation of motion. Our main result concerns the long-time behavior of the fluid and the point mass, and it gives pointwise convergence estimates o

Amel Durakovic, Paul Hunt, Subodh P. Patil, Subir Sarkar

Reconstructions of the primordial power spectrum (PPS) of curvature perturbations from cosmic microwave background anisotropies and large-scale structure data suggest that the usually assumed power-law PPS has localised features (up to $\sim 10\%$ in amplitude), although of only marginal significance in the framework of $Λ$CDM cosmology. On the other hand if

Majid Kheirkhah, Yuki Nagai, Chun Chen, Frank Marsiglio

In this paper we find that confining a second-order topological superconductor with a harmonic potential leads to a proliferation of Majorana corner modes. As a consequence, this results in the formation of Majorana corner flat bands which have a fundamentally different origin from that of the conventional mechanism. This is due to the fact that they arise s

Timothy Christensen, Benjamin Connault

We propose a framework for analyzing the sensitivity of counterfactuals to parametric assumptions about the distribution of latent variables in structural models. In particular, we derive bounds on counterfactuals as the distribution of latent variables spans nonparametric neighborhoods of a given parametric specification while other "structural" features of

Dwarampudi Mahidhar Reddy, N V Subba Reddy, N V Subba Reddy

An important part of the information gathering and data analysis is to find out what people think about, either a product or an entity. Twitter is an opinion rich social networking site. The posts or tweets from this data can be used for mining people's opinions. The recent surge of activity in this area can be attributed to the computational treatment of da

Sam Young, Ilia Musco, Christian T. Byrnes

The formation and abundance of primordial black holes (PBHs) arising from the curvature perturbation $ζ$ is studied. The non-linear relation between $ζ$ and the density contrast $δ$ means that, even when $ζ$ has an exactly Gaussian distribution, significant non-Gaussianities affecting PBH formation must be considered. Numerical simulations are used to invest

Oliver Clarke, Fatemeh Mohammadi

We study the combinatorics of Gröbner degenerations of Grassmannians and the Schubert varieties inside them. We provide a family of binomial ideals whose combinatorics is governed by tableaux induced by matching fields in the sense of Sturmfels and Zelevinsky. We prove that these ideals are all quadratically generated and they yield a SAGBI basis of the Plüc

Ian W. McBrearty, Joan Gomberg, Andrew A. Delorey, Paul A. Johnson

The association of seismic wave arrivals with causative earthquakes becomes progressively more challenging as arrival detection methods become more sensitive, and particularly when earthquake rates are high. For instance, seismic waves arriving across a monitoring network from several sources may overlap in time, false arrivals may be detected, and some arri

Yingwei Li, Song Bai, Cihang Xie, Zhenyu Liao

This paper focuses on learning transferable adversarial examples specifically against defense models (models to defense adversarial attacks). In particular, we show that a simple universal perturbation can fool a series of state-of-the-art defenses. Adversarial examples generated by existing attacks are generally hard to transfer to defense models. We observ

Wei Wang, Jian-Hui Zhang, Shuai Zhao, Ruilin Zhu

We complete the procedure of extracting parton distribution functions (PDFs) using large momentum effective theory (LaMET) at leading power accuracy in the hadron momentum. We derive a general factorization formula for the quasi PDFs in the presence of mixing, and give the corresponding hard matching kernel at $\mathcal O(α_s)$, both for the unpolarized and

Ibai Roman, Alexander Mendiburu, Roberto Santana, Jose A. Lozano

Sentiment analysis consists of evaluating opinions or statements from the analysis of text. Among the methods used to estimate the degree in which a text expresses a given sentiment, are those based on Gaussian Processes. However, traditional Gaussian Processes methods use a predefined kernel with hyperparameters that can be tuned but whose structure can not

Linan Chen, Florence Clerc, Prakash Panangaden

Bisimulation is a concept that captures behavioural equivalence. It has been studied extensively on nonprobabilistic systems and on discrete-time Markov processes and on so-called continuous-time Markov chains. In the latter time is continuous but the evolution still proceeds in jumps. We propose two definitions of bisimulation on continuous-time stochastic

Rohit Chawla, Soumyabrata Paul, Jayanta K. Bhattacharjee

We explore analytically the quantum dynamics of a point mass pendulum using the Heisenberg equation of motion. Choosing as variables the mean position of the pendulum, a suitably defined generalised variance and a generalised skewness, we set up a dynamical system which reproduces the correct limits of simple harmonic oscillator like and free rotor like beha

Ayoub Gouasmi, Karthik Duraisamy, Scott Murman

In this work, Entropy-Stable (ES) schemes are formulated for the multicomponent compressible Euler equations. Entropy-conservative (EC) and ES fluxes are derived. Particular attention is paid to the limit case of zero partial densities where the structure required by ES schemes breaks down (the entropy variables are no longer defined). It is shown that while

Michael Gekhtman, Tomoki Nakanishi

The sign coherence phenomenon is an important feature of c-vectors in cluster algebras with principal coefficients. In this note, we consider a more general version of c-vectors defined for arbitrary cluster algebras of geometric type and formulate a conjecture describing their asymptotic behavior. This conjecture, which is called the asymptotic sign coheren

V. De Luca, G. Franciolini, A. Kehagias, M. Peloso

We study the formation of primordial black holes when they are generated by the collapse of large overdensities in the early universe. Since the density contrast is related to the comoving curvature perturbation by a nonlinear relation, the overdensity statistics is unavoidably non-Gaussian. We show that the abundance of primordial black holes at formation m

Jose Ignacio Cogolludo, Anatoly Libgober

We consider the structure of classes of curves on a projective simply connected surface for which fundamental groups of the complements admit free quotients having rank greater than one with irreducible components belonging to a selected subset the effective cone of the surface. In particular we show a finiteness result for such classes if the ranks of free

Per Sebastian Skardal, Dane Taylor, Jie Sun

Synchronization of network-coupled dynamical units is important to a variety of natural and engineered processes including circadian rhythms, cardiac function, neural processing, and power grids. Despite this ubiquity, it remains poorly understood how complex network structures and heterogeneous local dynamics combine to either promote or inhibit synchroniza

Sumit Chandra Mishra

Let K be a complete discretely valued field with residue field k and F be a function field of a curve over K. Let L/F be a Galois extension of degree n. If n is coprime to char(k), then under some assumptions on k(e.g. k is algebraically closed or a finite field) and on the geometry of the curve, we show that there is a local-global principle with respect to