April 2019 arXiv papers — page 30

Yu-Ping Ruan, Zhen-Hua Ling, Quan Liu, Zhigang Chen

This paper proposes a new model, called condition-transforming variational autoencoder (CTVAE), to improve the performance of conversation response generation using conditional variational autoencoders (CVAEs). In conventional CVAEs , the prior distribution of latent variable z follows a multivariate Gaussian distribution with mean and variance modulated by

Youssef Lazar

We provide some general conditions which ensure that a system of inequalities involving homogeneous polynomials with coefficients in a S-adic field has nontrivial S-integral solutions. The proofs are based on the strong approximation property for Zariski-dense subgroups and adelic geometry of numbers. We give two examples of applications for systems involvin

Justin Chan, Anran Wang, Arvind Krishnamurthy, Shyamnath Gollakota

The last few years have seen the proliferation of low-power wide area networks like LoRa, Sigfox and 802.11ah, each of which use a different and sometimes proprietary coding and modulation scheme, work below the noise floor and operate on the same frequency band. We introduce DeepSense, which is the first carrier sense mechanism that enables random access an

Chunmiao Li, Yang Cao, Zhenjiang Hu, Masatoshi Yoshikawa

Electronic medical data sharing between stakeholders, such as patients, doctors, and researchers, can promote more effective medical treatment collaboratively. These sensitive and private data should only be accessed by authorized users. Given a total medical data, users may care about parts of them and other unrelated information might interfere with the us

Yosuke Fukuda, Akira Yoshimizu

We propose a "modal linear logic" to reformulate intuitionistic modal logic S4 (IS4) in terms of linear logic, establishing an S4-version of Girard translation from IS4 to it. While the Girard translation from intuitionistic logic to linear logic is well-known, its extension to modal logic is non-trivial since a naive combination of the S4 modality a

Xuetong Niu, Li Wang, Xulei Yang

Credit card has become popular mode of payment for both online and offline purchase, which leads to increasing daily fraud transactions. An Efficient fraud detection methodology is therefore essential to maintain the reliability of the payment system. In this study, we perform a comparison study of credit card fraud detection by using various supervised and

Le Duc Anh, Takashi Yamashita, Hiroki Yamasaki, Daisei Araki

A major challenge in spin-based electronics is reducing power consumption for magnetization switching of ferromagnets, which is being implemented by injecting a large spin-polarized current. The alternative approach is to control the magnetic anisotropy (MA) of the ferromagnet by an electric field. However, the voltage-induced MA is too weak to deterministic

Ruisheng Diao, Zhiwei Wang, Di Shi, Qianyun Chang

Modern power grids are experiencing grand challenges caused by the stochastic and dynamic nature of growing renewable energy and demand response. Traditional theoretical assumptions and operational rules may be violated, which are difficult to be adapted by existing control systems due to the lack of computational power and accurate grid models for use in re

Tong Zhang, Pan Ji, Mehrtash Harandi, Wenbing Huang

We introduce the Neural Collaborative Subspace Clustering, a neural model that discovers clusters of data points drawn from a union of low-dimensional subspaces. In contrast to previous attempts, our model runs without the aid of spectral clustering. This makes our algorithm one of the kinds that can gracefully scale to large datasets. At its heart, our neur

Eun Jung Chung, Chang Won Lee, Shinyoung Kim, Gwanjeong Kim

"TRAO FUNS" is a project to survey Gould Belt's clouds in molecular lines. This paper presents its first results on the central region of the California molecular cloud, L1478. We performed On-The-Fly mapping observations using the Taedeok Radio Astronomy Observatory (TRAO) 14m single dish telescope equipped with a 16 multi-beam array covering $\

Gregory Dresden

In this article, we provide a short and elementary proof of the following result: For $n \geq 3$ the middle coefficient of $Φ_n(x)$ is either zero (when $n$ is a power of $2$) or an odd integer.

Vishesh Jain

An approximate Spielman-Teng theorem for the least singular value $s_n(M_n)$ of a random $n\times n$ square matrix $M_n$ is a statement of the following form: there exist constants $C,c >0$ such that for all $η\geq 0$, $\Pr(s_n(M_n) \leq η) \lesssim n^{C}η+ \exp(-n^{c})$. The goal of this paper is to develop a simple and novel framework for proving such resu

Qi Gu, Gongpu Wang, Rongfei Fan, Ning Zhang

This paper investigates the end-to-end throughput maximization problem for a two-hop multiple-relay network, with relays powered by simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) technique. Nonlinearity of energy harvester at every relay node is taken into account and two models for approximating the nonlinearity are adopted: logistic model and

Rongfei Fan, Fudong Li, Song Jin, Gongpu Wang

By allowing a mobile device to offload computation-intensive tasks to a base station, mobile edge computing (MEC) is a promising solution for saving the mobile device's energy. In real applications, the offloading may span multiple fading blocks. In this paper, we investigate energy-efficient offloading over multiple fading blocks with random channel gai

Yongfeng Li, Haoyang Liu, Zaiwen Wen, Yaxiang Yuan

In this paper, we study first-order methods on a large variety of low-rank matrix optimization problems, whose solutions only live in a low dimensional eigenspace. Traditional first-order methods depend on the eigenvalue decomposition at each iteration which takes most of the computation time. In order to reduce the cost, we propose an inexact algorithm fram

Sree Hari Krishnan Parthasarathi, Nitin Sivakrishnan, Pranav Ladkat, Nikko Strom

Large scale machine learning (ML) systems such as the Alexa automatic speech recognition (ASR) system continue to improve with increasing amounts of manually transcribed training data. Instead of scaling manual transcription to impractical levels, we utilize semi-supervised learning (SSL) to learn acoustic models (AM) from the vast firehose of untranscribed

Halley L. Brantley, Joseph Guinness, Eric C. Chi

We address the problem of estimating smoothly varying baseline trends in time series data. This problem arises in a wide range of fields, including chemistry, macroeconomics, and medicine; however, our study is motivated by the analysis of data from low cost air quality sensors. Our methods extend the quantile trend filtering framework to enable the estimati

Barry Ke, Angela Qiao

In this paper, we use machine learning techniques to explore the H-1B application dataset disclosed by the Department of Labor (DOL), from 2008 to 2018, in order to provide more stylized facts of the international workers in US labor market. We train a LASSO Regression model to analyze the impact of different features on the applicant's wage, and a Logis

Adric R. Riedel, Victoria DiTomasso, Emily L. Rice, Munazza K. Alam

We present new radial velocity (RV) measurements for 11 candidate young very-low-mass stars and brown dwarfs, with spectral types from M7 to L7. Candidate young objects were identified by features indicative of low surface gravity in their optical and/or near-infrared spectra. RV measurements are derived from high resolution (R=$λ$/$Δλ$=20,000) $J$ band spec

Maho Asada, Masatoshi Yoshikawa, Yang Cao

In recent years, it has become easy to obtain location information quite precisely. However, the acquisition of such information has risks such as individual identification and leakage of sensitive information, so it is necessary to protect the privacy of location information. For this purpose, people should know their location privacy preferences, that is,

Satoshi Shirai, Masahito Yamazaki

It has recently been suggested that "gravity is the weakest force" in any theory with a suitable UV completion within quantum gravity. One formulation of this statement is the scalar weak gravity conjecture, which states that gravity is weaker than the force originating from scalar fields. We study the scalar weak gravity conjecture in de Sitter spac

Youjiang Xu, Han Pu

We propose a generalized Dicke model which supports a quantum tricritical point. We map out the phase diagram and investigate the critical behaviors of the model through exact low-energy effective Hamiltonian in the thermodynamic limit. As predicted by the Landau theory of phase transition, the order parameter shows non-universality at the tricritical point.

Daniel Wiebking

We show that normalizers and permutational isomorphisms of permutation groups given by generating sets can be computed in time simply exponential in the degree of the groups. The result is obtained by exploiting canonical forms for permutation groups (up to permutational isomorphism).

Amanda Bienz, Luke Olson, William Gropp

Algebraic multigrid (AMG) is often viewed as a scalable $\mathcal{O}(n)$ solver for sparse linear systems. Yet, parallel AMG lacks scalability due to increasingly large costs associated with communication, both in the initial construction of a multigrid hierarchy as well as the iterative solve phase. This work introduces a parallel implementation of AMG to r

Simon Praetorius, Marco Salvalaglio, Axel Voigt

The study of polycrystalline materials requires theoretical and computational techniques enabling multiscale investigations. The amplitude expansion of the phase field crystal model (APFC) allows for describing crystal lattice properties on diffusive timescales by focusing on continuous fields varying on length scales larger than the atomic spacing. Thus, it

Yuri Ximenes Martins, Luiz Felipe Andrade Campos, Daniel Teixeira, Rodney Josué Biezuner

The Tolman--Oppenheimer--Volkoff (TOV) equations are a partially uncoupled system of nonlinear and non-autonomous ordinary differential equations which describe the structure of isotropic spherically symmetric static fluids. Nonlinearity makes finding explicit solutions of TOV systems very difficult and such solutions and very rare. In this paper we introduc

Ping Luo, Xinjiang Wang, Wenqi Shao, Zhanglin Peng

Batch Normalization (BN) improves both convergence and generalization in training neural networks. This work understands these phenomena theoretically. We analyze BN by using a basic block of neural networks, consisting of a kernel layer, a BN layer, and a nonlinear activation function. This basic network helps us understand the impacts of BN in three aspect

Andreas Neuenkirch, Michaela Szölgyenyi, Lukasz Szpruch

We study the strong approximation of stochastic differential equations with discontinuous drift coefficients and (possibly) degenerate diffusion coefficients. To account for the discontinuity of the drift coefficient we construct an adaptive step sizing strategy for the explicit Euler-Maruyama scheme. As a result, we obtain a numerical method which has -- up

Alexandre Mauroy, Jorge Goncalves

We develop a novel lifting technique for nonlinear system identification based on the framework of the Koopman operator. The key idea is to identify the linear (infinitedimensional) Koopman operator in the lifted space of observables, instead of identifying the nonlinear system in the state space, a process which results in a linear method for nonlinear syst

Ali Hosseiny

GDP of China is about 11 trillion dollars and GDP of the United States is about 18 trillion dollars. Suppose that we know for the coming years, economy of the US will experience a real growth rate equal to \%3 and economy of China will experience a real growth as of \%6. Now, the question is how long does it take for economy of China to catch the economy of

Max Wilson, Thomas Vandal, Tad Hogg, Eleanor Rieffel

We present an algorithm for learning a latent variable generative model via generative adversarial learning where the canonical uniform noise input is replaced by samples from a graphical model. This graphical model is learned by a Boltzmann machine which learns low-dimensional feature representation of data extracted by the discriminator. A quantum annealer

M. Nicholl, P. K. Blanchard, E. Berger, S. Gomez

We present and analyse a new tidal disruption event (TDE), AT2017eqx at redshift z=0.1089, discovered by Pan-STARRS and ATLAS. The position of the transient is consistent with the nucleus of its host galaxy; it peaks at a luminosity of $L \approx 10^{44}$ erg s$^{-1}$; and the spectrum shows a persistent blackbody temperature $T \gtrsim 20,000$ K with broad

George Domat, Paul Plummer

We prove that the first integral cohomology of pure mapping class groups of infinite type genus one surfaces is trivial. For genus zero surfaces we prove that not every homomorphism to $\mathbb{Z}$ factors through a sphere with finitely many punctures. In fact we get an uncountable family of such maps.

Samuel Asante Gyamerah, Philip Ngare, Dennis Ikpe

A reliable and accurate forecasting model for crop yields is of crucial importance for efficient decision-making process in the agricultural sector. However, due to weather extremes and uncertainties, most forecasting models for crop yield are not reliable and accurate. For measuring the uncertainty and obtaining further information of future crop yields, a

Ben Krause

Suppose that $d \geq 2$, and that $A \subset [0,1]$ has sufficiently large dimension, $1 - ε_d < \dim_H(A) < 1$. Then for any polynomial $P$ of degree $d$ with no constant term, there exists a point configuration $\{ x, x-t,x-P(t) \} \subset A$ with $t \approx_P 1$.

Joseph Ferrara

We give a new definition of a $p$-adic $L$-function for a mixed signature character of a real quadratic field and for a nontrivial ray class character of an imaginary quadratic field. We then state a $p$-adic Stark conjecture for this $p$-adic $L$-function. We prove our conjecture in the case when $p$ is split in the imaginary quadratic field by relating our

C. A. Argüelles, B. J. P. Jones

Quantum computing technologies promise to revolutionize calculations in many areas of physics, chemistry, and data science. Their power is expected to be especially pronounced for problems where direct analogs of a quantum system under study can be encoded coherently within a quantum computer. A first step toward harnessing this power is to express the build

Gourab Ray, Yinon Spinka

The goal of this paper is to provide a short proof of the discontinuity of phase transition for the random-cluster model on the square lattice with parameter $q>4$. This result was recently shown via the so-called Bethe ansatz for the six-vertex model. Our proof also exploits the connection to the six-vertex model, but does not rely on the Bethe ansatz. Our

Philippe Casgrain, Brian Ning, Sebastian Jaimungal

Model-free learning for multi-agent stochastic games is an active area of research. Existing reinforcement learning algorithms, however, are often restricted to zero-sum games, and are applicable only in small state-action spaces or other simplified settings. Here, we develop a new data efficient Deep-Q-learning methodology for model-free learning of Nash eq

Jian Lin, Jue Nan, Yuchen Luo, Xing-Can Yao

Quantum simulations of Fermi-Hubbard models have been attracting considerable efforts in the optical lattice research, with the ultracold anti-ferromagnetic atomic phase reached at half filling in recent years. An unresolved issue is to dope the system while maintaining the low thermal entropy. Here we propose to achieve the low temperature phase of the dope

Arjun Pakrashi, Brian Mac Namee

Despite the success of ensemble classification methods in multi-class classification problems, ensemble methods based on approaches other than bagging have not been widely explored for multi-label classification problems. The Kalman Filter-based Heuristic Ensemble (KFHE) is an ensemble method that exploits the sensor fusion properties of the Kalman filter to

Nicasio Barrere, Javier Brum, Alexandre L'Her, Gustavo L. Sarasúa

An improved understanding of how vortices develop and propagate under pulsatile flow can shed important light on the mixing and transport processes including the transition to turbulent regime occurring in such systems. For example, the characterization of pulsatile flows in obstructed artery models serves to encourage research into flow-induced phenomena as

Fredrik Björkeroth, Ivo de Medeiros Varzielas, M. L. López-Ibáñez, Aurora Melis

We investigate the possibility of viable leptogenesis in an appealing $Δ(27)$ model with a universal texture zero in the (1,1) entry. The model accommodates the mass spectrum, mixing and CP phases for both quarks and leptons and allows for grand unification. Flavoured Boltzmann equations for the lepton asymmetries are solved numerically, taking into account

Eric V. Linder

Cosmic surveys of large scale structure have imaged hundreds of millions of galaxies and mapped the 3D positions of over a million. Surveys starting over the next few years will increase these numbers more than tenfold. Simultaneously, developments in extracting information on dark energy, dark matter, neutrinos, and gravity on cosmic scales have advanced gr

Ismael L. Paiva, Yakir Aharonov, Jeff Tollaksen, Mordecai Waegell

We discuss how, in appropriately designed configurations, solenoids carrying a semifluxon can be used as topological energy barriers for charged quantum systems. We interpret this phenomenon as a consequence of the fact that such solenoids induce nodal lines in the wave function describing the charge, which on itself is a consequence of the Aharonov-Bohm eff

Eric C. Peterson, Gavin E. Crooks, Robert S. Smith

For a native gate set which includes all single-qubit gates, we apply results from symplectic geometry to analyze the spaces of two-qubit programs accessible within a fixed number of gates. These techniques yield an explicit description of this subspace as a convex polytope, presented by a family of linear inequalities themselves accessible via a finite calc

Felix Kahlhoefer, Manoj Kaplinghat, Tracy R. Slatyer, Chih-Liang Wu

We present results from N-body simulations of self-interacting dark matter (SIDM) subhalos, which could host ultra-faint dwarf spheroidal galaxies, inside a Milky-Way-like main halo. We find that high-concentration subhalos are driven to gravothermal core collapse, while low-concentration subhalos develop large (kpc-sized) low-density cores, with both effect

Yiming Xiao, Hassan Rivaz, Matthieu Chabanas, Maryse Fortin

In brain tumor surgery, the quality and safety of the procedure can be impacted by intra-operative tissue deformation, called brain shift. Brain shift can move the surgical targets and other vital structures such as blood vessels, thus invalidating the pre-surgical plan. Intra-operative ultrasound (iUS) is a convenient and cost-effective imaging tool to trac

Colin Orion Chandler, Jay Kueny, Annika Gustafsson, Chadwick A. Trujillo

We present archival observations demonstrating that main belt asteroid (6478) Gault has an extensive history of comet-like activity. Outbursts have taken place during multiple epochs since 2013 and at distances extending as far as 2.68 au, nearly aphelion. (6478) Gault is a member of the predominately S-type (i.e., volatile-poor) Phocaea family; no other mai

Guy Aridor, Duarte Goncalves, Shan Sikdar

We study a model of user decision-making in the context of recommender systems via numerical simulation. Our model provides an explanation for the findings of Nguyen, et. al (2014), where, in environments where recommender systems are typically deployed, users consume increasingly similar items over time even without recommendation. We find that recommendati

Shuaiqiang Liu, Anastasia Borovykh, Lech A. Grzelak, Cornelis W. Oosterlee

A data-driven approach called CaNN (Calibration Neural Network) is proposed to calibrate financial asset price models using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Determining optimal values of the model parameters is formulated as training hidden neurons within a machine learning framework, based on available financial option prices. The framework consists of t

Theodore Vasiloudis, Hyunsu Cho, Henrik Boström

The Gradient Boosted Tree (GBT) algorithm is one of the most popular machine learning algorithms used in production, for tasks that include Click-Through Rate (CTR) prediction and learning-to-rank. To deal with the massive datasets available today, many distributed GBT methods have been proposed. However, they all assume a row-distributed dataset, addressing

Kapil K. Sharma, Vladimir P. Gerdt

In the present article, the robustness of entanglement in two qubits maximally entangled mixed states (MEME) have been studied under quantum decoherence channels. Here we consider bit flip, phase flip, bit-phase-flip, amplitude damping, phase damping and depolarization channels. To quantify the entanglement, the concurrence has been used as an entanglement m

Yajing Huang, Graeme Addison, Charles Bennett

Current cosmological tensions motivate investigating extensions to the standard $\Lambda$CDM model. Additional model parameters are typically varied one or two at a time, in a series of separate tests. The purpose of this paper is to highlight that information is lost by not also examining the correlations between these additional parameters, which arise whe

STAR Collaboration, J. Adam, L. Adamczyk, J. R. Adams

According to the CPT theorem, which states that the combined operation of charge conjugation, parity transformation and time reversal must be conserved, particles and their antiparticles should have the same mass and lifetime but opposite charge and magnetic moment. Here, we test CPT symmetry in a nucleus containing a strange quark, more specifically in the

Andrea Conti, Jaclyn Lang, Anna Medvedovsky

Bella\"iche has recently applied Pink-Lie theory to prove that, under mild conditions, the image of a continuous 2-dimensional pseudorepresentation $\rho$ of a profinite group on a local pro-$p$ domain $A$ contains a nontrivial congruence subgroup of ${\rm SL}_2(B)$ for a certain subring $B$ of $A$. We enlarge Bella\"iche's ring and give this new $B$ a conce

Seyed Hassan Alavi, Mohsen Bayat, Jalal Choulaki, Asharf Daneshkhah

In this article, we study $2$-designs with prime replication number admitting a flag-transitive automorphism group. The automorphism groups of these designs are point-primitive of almost simple or affine type. We determine $2$-designs with prime replication number admitting an almost simple automorphism group.

Thomas Gilton, Itay Neeman

We show that the Abraham-Rubin-Shelah Open Coloring Axiom is consistent with a large continuum, in particular, consistent with $2^{\aleph_0}=\aleph_3$. This answers one of the main open questions from the 1985 paper of Abraham-Rubin-Shelah. As in their paper, we need to construct names for so-called preassignments of colors in order to add the necessary homo

Julian Barreiro-Gomez, Tyrone E. Duncan, Hamidou Tembine

In this paper we study a class of matrix-valued linear-quadratic mean-field-type games for both the risk-neutral, risk-sensitive and robust cases. Non-cooperation, full cooperation and adversarial between teams are treated. We provide a semi-explicit solution for both problems by means of a direct method. The state dynamics is described by a matrix-valued li

Kathryn P. Drake, Grady B. Wright

The Hierarchical Equal Area isoLatitude Pixelation (HEALPix) scheme is used extensively in astrophysics for data collection and analysis on the sphere. The scheme was originally designed for studying the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation, which represents the first light to travel during the early stages of the universe's development and gives the

K. Lakhchaura, N. Truong, N. Werner

We present a study of relations between the masses of the central supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and the atmospheric gas temperatures and luminosities measured within a range of radii between $R_{\rm e}$ and 5$R_{\rm e}$, for a sample of 47 early-type galaxies observed by the {\it Chandra X-ray Observatory}. We report the discovery of a tight correlation b

G. Somogyi, I. Nandori, U. D. Jentschura

Lorentz-violating neutrino parameters have been severely constrained on the basis of astrophysical considerations. In the high-energy limit, one generally assumes a superluminal dispersion relation of an incoming neutrino of the form E ~ |p|v, where E is the energy, p is the momentum and $v = sqrt(1 + delta) > 1. Lepton-pair creation due to a Cerenkov-radiat

Zhenghui Huo, Brett D. Wick

We apply modern techniques of dyadic harmonic analysis to obtain sharp estimates for the Bergman projection in weighted Bergman spaces. Our main theorem focuses on the Bergman projection on the Hartogs triangle. The estimates of the operator norm are in terms of a Bekoll\'e-Bonami type constant. As an application of the results obtained, we give, for example

Kevin McGerty, Thomas Nevins

A classical and beautiful story in geometric representation theory is the construction by Springer of an action of the Weyl group on the cohomology of the fibres of the Springer resolution of the nilpotent cone. We establish a natural extension of Springer's theory to arbitrary symplectic resolutions of conical symplectic singularities. We analyse features o

Matija Vidmar

For each of (i) arbitrary stochastic reset, (ii) deterministic reset with arbitrary period, (iii) reset at arbitrary constant rate, and then in the sense of either (a) first-order stochastic dominance or (b) expectation (i.e. for each of the six possible combinations of the preceding), those laws of random times are precisely characterized that are rendered

Luca Manzoni, Luca Mariot, Eva Tuba

In several combinatorial optimization problems arising in cryptography and design theory, the admissible solutions must often satisfy a balancedness constraint, such as being represented by bitstrings with a fixed number of ones. For this reason, several works in the literature tackling these optimization problems with Genetic Algorithms (GA) introduced new

Nasr Ahmed, Kazuharu Bamba, F. Salama

In this paper, we study the possibility of obtaining a stable flat dark energy-dominated universe in a good agreement with observations in the framework of Swiss-cheese Brane-world cosmology. Two different Brane-world cosmologies with black strings have been introduced for any cosmological constant $\Lambda$ using two empirical forms of the scale factor. In

Sergey Moiseev, Mahmood Sabooni, Ravil Urmancheev

Coherent nonlinear multi-pulse processes, nonlinear waves and echo effects in resonant media are the topical problems of modern optics and important tools of coherent spectroscopy and quantum information science. We generalize the McCall-Hahn area theorem to the formation of an arbitrary photon echo generated during the multi-pulse excitation of the opticall

Alexander Goncharov, Linhui Shen

Let G be a split semi-simple adjoint group, and S a colored decorated surface, given by an oriented surface with punctures, special boundary points, and a specified collection of boundary intervals. We introduce a moduli space P(G,S) parametrizing G-local system on S with some boundary data, and prove that it carries a cluster Poisson structure, equivariant

McCullen Sandora

Do mass extinctions affect the development of intelligence? If so, we may expect to be in a universe that is exceptionally placid. We consider the effects of impacts, supervolcanoes, global glaciations, and nearby gamma ray bursts, and how their rates depend on fundamental constants. It is interesting that despite the very disparate nature of these processes

Jingpeng Wu, William M. Silversmith, Kisuk Lee, H. Sebastian Seung

It is now common to process volumetric biomedical images using 3D Convolutional Networks (ConvNets). This can be challenging for the teravoxel and even petavoxel images that are being acquired today by light or electron microscopy. Here we introduce chunkflow, a software framework for distributing ConvNet processing over local and cloud GPUs and CPUs. The im

Zheng Xi, Sander Konijnenberg, H. P. Urbach

We derive the measurement independent precision bound for transverse displacement metrology using a classical source. Using tools from quantum estimation theory and metamaterial designs, we prove that the bound is achieved efficiently using optimized metagratings by detecting only a very small amount of photons used to probe the displacement, and we also rev

Christian Maes

We review the concept of dynamical ensembles in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics as specified from an action functional or Lagrangian on spacetime. There, under local detailed balance, the breaking of time-reversal invariance is quantified via the entropy flux, and we revisit some of the consequences for fluctuation and response theory. Frenesy is the ti

Eric W. Koch, Erik W. Rosolowsky, Ryan D. Boyden, Blakesley Burkhart

We present TurbuStat (v1.0): a Python package for computing turbulence statistics in spectral-line data cubes. TurbuStat includes implementations of fourteen methods for recovering turbulent properties from observational data. Additional features of the software include: distance metrics for comparing two data sets; a segmented linear model for fitting lines

Alexander Taam, Nicholas W. M. Touikan

Let $\Gamma$ be a word hyperbolic group with a cyclic JSJ decomposition that has only rigid vertex groups, which are all fundamental groups of closed surface groups. We show that any group $H$ quasi-isometric to $\Gamma$ is abstractly commensurable with $\Gamma$.

Qiang Zhu, Xin Tian, Chau-Wai Wong, Min Wu

In this paper, the relation between electrocardiogram (ECG) and photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals is studied, and the waveform of ECG is inferred via the PPG signals. In order to address this inverse problem, a transform is proposed to map the discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of each PPG cycle to those of the corresponding ECG cycle. The resulting

Maria Dolores Fajardo, Sorin-Mihai Grad, Jose Vidal

We present new results on optimization problems where the involved functions are evenly convex. By means of a generalized conjugation scheme and the perturbation theory introduced by Rockafellar, we propose an alternative dual problem for a general optimization one defined on a separated locally convex topological space. Sufficient conditions for converse an

Jamer Roldan, Roberto Vila

In this paper we show that the ultrametricity property remains valid in random field Ising models with independent disorder whenever the field strength is a small perturbation.

Hyun Ho Kim, Bowen Yang, Shangjie Tian, Chenghe Li

Materials that demonstrate large magnetoresistance have attracted significant interest for many decades. Recently, extremely large tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR) has been reported by several groups across ultrathin CrI$_3$ by exploiting the weak antiferromagnetic coupling between adjacent layers. Here, we report a comparative study of TMR in all three chromi

Eddygledson S Gama

We prove that the hyperplanes parallel to ${\bf e}_{n+1}$ are the unique examples of translating solitons $C^1-$asymptotic to two half-hyperplanes outside a vertical cylinder in $\R^{n+1}$.

Lucila Peralta Gavensky, Gonzalo Usaj, Carlos A. Balseiro

We study the evolution of averaged transconductances in three-terminal Josephson junctions when the superconducting leads are led throughout a topological phase transition from an $s$-wave to a $p$-wave (Majorana) phase by an in-plane magnetic field $B_x$. We provide a complete description of this transition as a function of $B_x$ and a magnetic flux $Φ$ thr

Jeremiah P. Ostriker, Ena Choi, Anthony Chow, Kundan Guha

The faintness of satellite systems in galaxy groups has contributed to the widely discussed "missing satellite" and "too big to fail" issues. Using techniques based on Tremaine & Richstone (1977), we show that there is no problem with the luminosity function computed from modern codes per se, but that the gap between first and second brightest systems is too

Philip F. Hopkins, Jonathan Squire, Darryl Seligman

Recently Squire & Hopkins showed that charged dust grains moving through magnetized gas under the influence of any external force (e.g. radiation pressure, gravity) are subject to a spectrum of instabilities. Qualitatively distinct instability families are associated with different Alfvenic or magnetosonic waves and drift or gyro motion. We present a suite o

James Brown, Jun Yang, James D Whitfield

One route to numerically propagating quantum systems is time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The application of TDDFT to a particular system's time evolution is predicated on $V$-representability which we have analyzed in a previous publication. Here we describe a newly developed solver for the scalar time-dependent Kohn-Sham potential. We prese

Eve J. Lee

Sub-Saturns straddle the boundary between gas-rich Jupiters and gas-poor super-Earths/sub-Neptunes. Their large radii (4--8$R_\oplus$) suggest that their gas-to-core mass ratios range $\sim$0.1--1.0. With their envelopes as massive as their cores, sub-Saturns are just on the verge of runaway gas accretion; they are expected to be significantly less populous

Brian Batell, Christopher B. Verhaaren

The Twin Higgs scenario stabilizes the Higgs mass through an approximate global symmetry and has remained natural in the face of increasingly stringent LHC bounds on colored top partners. Two basic structural questions in this framework concern the nature of the twin hypercharge gauge symmetry and the origin of the $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry breaking needed to

Rui Aquino, Daniel G. Barci

We consider a Fermi liquid model with density-density as well as quadrupolar forward scattering interactions parametrized by the Landau parameters $F_0$ and $F_2$. Using bosonization and a decimation technique, we compute collective modes and spectral functions for a huge range of interactions, ranging from strong repulsion to strong attraction in either ang

Alessandro Sonnenfeld, Anton T. Jaelani, James H. H. Chan, Anupreeta More

Context: The determination of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) of massive galaxies is one of the open problems in cosmology. Strong gravitational lensing is one of the few methods that allow us to constrain the IMF outside of the Local Group. Aims: The goal of this study is to statistically constrain the distribution in the IMF mismatch parameter, def

Francesco Torsello

We present $\mathtt{bimEX}$, a Mathematica package for exact computations in 3$+$1 bimetric relativity. It is based on the $\mathtt{xAct}$ bundle, which can handle computations involving both abstract tensors and their components. In this communication, we refer to the latter case as concrete computations. The package consists of two main parts. The first pa

Jacques Carolan, Masoud Mohseni, Jonathan P. Olson, Mihika Prabhu

Quantum algorithms for Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) machines have recently emerged as new promising routes towards demonstrating near-term quantum advantage (or supremacy) over classical systems. In these systems samples are typically drawn from probability distributions which --- under plausible complexity-theoretic conjectures --- cannot be effi

A. Lumbreras-Calle, J. Méndez-Abreu, C. Muñoz-Tuñón

The morphological evolution of star-forming galaxies provides important clues to understand their physical properties, as well as the triggering and quenching mechanisms of star formation. We aim at connecting morphology and star-formation properties of low-mass galaxies (median stellar mass $\sim$ 10$^{8.5}$ M$_{\odot}$) at low redshift ($z<0.36$). We use a

G. Iorio, C. Nipoti, G. Battaglia, A. Sollima

Dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) appear to be some of the most dark matter dominated objects in the Universe. Their dynamical masses are commonly derived using the kinematics of stars under the assumption of equilibrium. However, these objects are satellites of massive galaxies (e.g.\ the Milky Way) and thus can be influenced by their tidal fields. We inves

Frederick B. Davies

The larger-than-expected scatter in the opacity of the Ly$\alpha$ forest suggests that the metagalactic ionizing background is strongly fluctuating at $z > 5.5$. Models for ionizing background fluctuations predict a strong positive bias on large scales, so the environments of massive $>10^{12}\,{\rm M}_\odot$ dark matter halos, e.g. $z\sim6$ quasar hosts, wo

Nadejda Marounina, Leslie A. Rogers

Water-worlds are water-rich (>1 wt% H$_2$O) exoplanets. The classical models of water-worlds considered layered structures determined by the phase boundaries of pure water. However, water-worlds are likely to possess comet-like compositions, with between ~3 mol% to 30 mol% CO$_2$ relative to water. In this study, we build an interior structure model of habit

Colin Defant

We define a new natural partial order on Motzkin paths that serves as an intermediate step between two previously-studied partial orders. We provide a bijection between valid hook configurations of $312$-avoiding permutations and intervals in these new posets. We also show that valid hook configurations of permutations avoiding $132$ (or equivalently, $231$)

Jonathan Hermon, Tom Hutchcroft

Let $G$ be a connected, locally finite, transitive graph, and consider Bernoulli bond percolation on $G$. We prove that if $G$ is nonamenable and $p > p_c(G)$ then there exists a positive constant $c_p$ such that \[\mathbf{P}_p(n \leq |K| < \infty) \leq e^{-c_p n}\] for every $n\geq 1$, where $K$ is the cluster of the origin. We deduce the following two coro

Iryna Boiarska, Kyrylo Bondarenko, Alexey Boyarsky, Volodymyr Gorkavenko

We review and revise the phenomenology of the scalar portal -- a new scalar particle with the mass in GeV range that mixes with the Higgs boson. In particular, we consider production channels $B\to S K_1(1270)$ and $B\to S K_0^*(700)$ and show that their contribution is significant. We extend the previous analysis by comparing the production of scalars from

Melih Bastopcu, Sennur Ulukus

We consider an information update system where an information receiver requests updates from an information provider in order to minimize its age of information. The updates are generated at the transmitter as a result of completing a set of tasks such as collecting data and performing computations. We refer to this as the update generation process. We model

Alejandro Lancho, Jöhan Ostman, Giuseppe Durisi, Tobias Koch

In recent years, the derivation of nonasymptotic converse and achievability bounds on the maximum coding rate as a function of the error probability and blocklength has gained attention in the information theory literature. While these bounds are accurate for many scenarios of interest, they need to be evaluated numerically for most wireless channels of prac

Natalie Klco, Martin J. Savage

Initializing a single site of a lattice scalar field theory into an arbitrary state with support throughout the quantum register requires ${\cal O}(2^{n_Q})$ entangling gates on a quantum computer with $n_Q$ qubits per site. It is conceivable that, instead, initializing to functions that are good approximations to states may have utility in reducing the numb