June 2019 arXiv papers — page 21

Saskia Hekker, Jennifer A. Johnson

A small set of chemically old stars that appear young by their independently derived masses has been detected. These are so-called $\alpha$-rich young stars. For a sample of 51 red-giant stars, for which spectra are available from SDSS/APOGEE and masses are available from asteroseismic measures based on \textit{Kepler} lightcurves, we derive the C, N and O a

So Chigusa, Takeo Moroi, Yutaro Shoji

Based on the gradient flow, we propose a new method to determine the bounce configuration for false vacuum decay. Our method is applicable to a large class of models with multiple fields. Since the bounce is a saddle point of an action, a naive gradient flow method which minimizes the action does not work. We point out that a simple modification of the flow

Fabrice Baudoin, Michel Bonnefont, Li Chen

We study a generalized curvature dimension inequality which is suitable for subelliptic Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type operators and deduce convergence to equilibrium in the $L^2$ and entropic sense. The main difficulty is that the operators we consider may not be symmetric. Our results apply in particular to Ornstein-Uhlenbeck operators on two-step Carnot groups.

Mikhail Yurochkin, Sebastian Claici, Edward Chien, Farzaneh Mirzazadeh

The ability to measure similarity between documents enables intelligent summarization and analysis of large corpora. Past distances between documents suffer from either an inability to incorporate semantic similarities between words or from scalability issues. As an alternative, we introduce hierarchical optimal transport as a meta-distance between documents

Daniel Floryan, Tyler Van Buren, Alexander J. Smits

The structure of swimmers' wakes is often assumed to be an indicator of swimming performance, that is, how momentum is produced and energy is consumed. Here, we discuss three cases where this assumption fails. In general, great care should be taken in deriving any conclusions about swimming performance from the wake flow pattern.

Mike Raeini

Human beings have been generating data since very long times ago. We ask the following common-sense and wise questions (WizQuestions): 1. Why do we refer to some pieces of data more often than referring to other pieces? 2. What does make those commonly-referred pieces of data so unique and different? 3. What are the characteristics of data that sometimes mak

Jing-Zhao Qi, Xin Zhang

We study the prospects of using the low-redshift and high-redshift black hole shadows as new cosmological standard rulers for measuring cosmological parameters. We show that, using the low-redshift observation of the black hole shadow of M87$^\star$, the Hubble constant can be independently determined with a precision of about $13\%$ as $H_0=70\pm 9$ km s$^{

Henry Liu

We describe an attempt to make quantum K-theory (of stable maps) more amenable to the self-duality/rigidity arguments of arXiv:1512.07363 in quasimap theory, by twisting the virtual structure sheaf. For $\mathbb{P}^n$ this twist produces invariants which are self-dual rational functions, but asymptotic analysis shows this is no longer the case for general GK

Qing Fang

Deep learning has been used as a powerful tool for various tasks in computer vision, such as image segmentation, object recognition and data generation. A key part of end-to-end training is designing the appropriate encoder to extract specific features from the input data. However, few encoders maintain the topological properties of data, such as connection

Kosuke Haruki, Taiji Suzuki, Yohei Hamakawa, Takeshi Toda

Large-batch stochastic gradient descent (SGD) is widely used for training in distributed deep learning because of its training-time efficiency, however, extremely large-batch SGD leads to poor generalization and easily converges to sharp minima, which prevents naive large-scale data-parallel SGD (DP-SGD) from converging to good minima. To overcome this diffi

M. Maniatis

Recently it has been shown that in gauge theories amplitudes to any perturbation order can be obtained by glueing together simple three-point on-shell amplitudes. These three-point amplitudes in turn are fixed by locality and Lorentz invariance. This factorization into three-point on-shell amplitudes follows from the BCFW recursion relations and the Feynman-

Alice Kwon, Dennis Sullivan

Geometrization says `` any closed oriented three-manifold which is prime (not a connected sum) carries one of the eight Thurston geometries OR it has incompressible torus walls whose complementary components each carry one of four particular Thurston geometries" (see Introduction and Figure 1). These geometric components have finite volume for the hyperbolic

Devin Willmott, David Murrugarra, Qiang Ye

The problem of determining which nucleotides of an RNA sequence are paired or unpaired in the secondary structure of an RNA, which we call RNA state inference, can be studied by different machine learning techniques. Successful state inference of RNA sequences can be used to generate auxiliary information for data-directed RNA secondary structure prediction.

Denitsa Baykusheva, Daniel Zindel, Vìt Svoboda, Elias Bommeli

Chiral molecules interact and react differently with other chiral objects, depending on their handedness. Therefore, it is essential to understand and ultimately control the evolution of molecular chirality during chemical reactions. Although highly sophisticated techniques for the controlled synthesis of chiral molecules have been developed, the observation

Songze Li, Saeid Sahraei, Mingchao Yu, Salman Avestimehr

We introduce an information-theoretic framework, named Coded State Machine (CSM), to securely and efficiently execute multiple state machines on untrusted network nodes, some of which are Byzantine. The standard method of solving this problem is using State Machine Replication, which achieves high security at the cost of low efficiency. We propose CSM, which

Richard Shin, Miltiadis Allamanis, Marc Brockschmidt, Oleksandr Polozov

Program synthesis of general-purpose source code from natural language specifications is challenging due to the need to reason about high-level patterns in the target program and low-level implementation details at the same time. In this work, we present PATOIS, a system that allows a neural program synthesizer to explicitly interleave high-level and low-lev

Dongqi Wu, Xiangtian Zheng, Dileep Kalathil, Le Xie

This paper envisions a new control architecture for the protective relay setting in future power distribution systems. With deepening penetration of distributed energy resources at the end users level, it has been recognized as a key engineering challenge to redesign the protective relays in the future distribution system. Conceptually, these protective rela

Shilong Sun, Bert Jan Kooij, Alexander G. Yarovoy

Cross-correlated contrast source inversion (CC-CSI) is a non-linear iterative inversion method that is proposed recently for solving the inverse scattering problems. In CC-CSI, a cross-correlated error is constructed and introduced to the cost functional, which improves the inversion ability when compared to the classical design of the cost functional by exp

A. Gijón, A. Lasanta, E. R. Hernández

The so-called Mpemba effect, i.e. the observation that the warmer of two otherwise identical systems cools faster when both are refrigerated in the same thermal reservoir, is a hotly debated topic in condensed mater physics and statistical mechanics. Although it has been found in several non-equilibrium model systems, its very existence in water, the system

Guohui Zhao

Spline functions have long been used in numerically solving differential equations. Recently it revives as isogeometric analysis, which uses NURBS for both parametrization and element functions. In this paper, we introduce some multivariate spline finite elements on general partitions. These splines are constructed by mollifying splines of low smooth order w

Vincenzo Pandolfo

The Devito DSL is a code generation tool for the solution of partial differential equations using the finite difference method specifically aimed at seismic inversion problems. In this work we investigate the integration of OPS, an API to generate highly optimized code for applications running on structured meshes targeting various platforms, within Devito a

Feng Long, Gregory J. Herczeg, Daniel Harsono, Paola Pinilla

We present a high-resolution ($\sim0.''12$, $\sim16$ au, mean sensitivity of $50~\mu$Jy~beam$^{-1}$ at 225 GHz) snapshot survey of 32 protoplanetary disks around young stars with spectral type earlier than M3 in the Taurus star-forming region using Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA). This sample includes most mid-infrared excess members that were not prev

Chaitanya Murthy, Mark Srednicki

We show that the known bound on the growth rate of the out-of-time-order four-point correlator in chaotic many-body quantum systems follows directly from the general structure of operator matrix elements in systems that obey the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis. This ties together two key paradigms of thermal behavior in isolated many-body quantum system

Brian Choi

This paper is concerned with the low regularity well-posedness of the adiabatic limit of the quantum Zakharov system, which is a modified nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NLSE). As the quantum parameter tends to zero, the modified NLSE formally converges to the standard NLSE, and we show this rigorously.

Suihua Cai, Shancheng Zhao, Xiao Ma

In this paper, we formulate a new problem to cope with the transmission of extra bits over an existing coded transmission link (referred to as coded payload link) without any cost of extra transmission energy or extra bandwidth. This is possible since a gap to the channel capacity typically exists for a practical code. A new concept, termed as accessible cap

Vitaly Zaderman, Liang Zhao

In this paper we propose a novel efficient algorithm for calculating winding numbers, aiming at counting the number of roots of a given polynomial in a convex region on the complex plane. This algorithm can be used for counting and exclusion tests in a subdivision algorithms for polynomial root-finding, and would be especially usefull in application scenario

Frances Kirwan, Geoffrey Penington

We describe an extension of Morse theory to smooth functions on compact Riemannian manifolds, without any nondegeneracy assumptions except that the critical locus must have only finitely many connected components.

Laure Flapan

Given a fixed product of non-isogenous abelian varieties at least one of which is general, we show how to construct complete families of indecomposable abelian varieties whose very general fiber is isogenous to the given product and whose connected monodromy group is a product of symplectic groups or is a unitary group. As a consequence, we show how to reali

Kaimin Teng

In this paper, we study the concentration and multiplicity of solutions to the following fractional Schr\"{o}dinger-Poisson system \begin{equation*} \left\{ \begin{array}{ll} \varepsilon^{2s}(-\Delta)^su+V(x)u+\phi u=f(u)+u^{2_s^{\ast}-1} & \hbox{in $\mathbb{R}^3$,} \varepsilon^{2t}(-\Delta)^t\phi=u^2, u>0& \hbox{in $\mathbb{R}^3$,} \end{array} \right. \end{

M. A. Amirabadi

Hyperparameter tuning is the main challenge of machine learning (ML) algorithms. Grid search is a popular method in hyperparameter tuning of simple ML algorithms; however, high computational complexity in complex ML algorithms such as Deep Neural Networks (DNN) is the main barrier towards its practical implementation. In this paper, two novel suboptimal grid

Mingyu Xiao

A mixed dominating set of a graph $G = (V, E)$ is a mixed set $D$ of vertices and edges, such that for every edge or vertex, if it is not in $D$, then it is adjacent or incident to at least one vertex or edge in $D$. The mixed domination problem is to find a mixed dominating set with a minimum cardinality. It has applications in system control and some other

Yasith Jayawardana, Mark Jaime, Sashi Thapaliya, Sampath Jayarathna

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental disorder that often impairs a child's normal development of the brain. According to CDC, it is estimated that 1 in 6 children in the US suffer from development disorders, and 1 in 68 children in the US suffer from ASD. This condition has a negative impact on a person's ability to hear, socialize and communica

Rodrigo Matos, Jeffrey Schenker

Using the fractional moment method it is shown that, within the Hartree-Fock approximation for the Disordered Hubbard Hamiltonian, weakly interacting Fermions at positive temperature exhibit localization, suitably defined as exponential decay of eigenfunction correlators. Our result holds in any dimension in the regime of large disorder and at any disorder i

Peter Cudmore, Peter J. Gawthrop, Michael Pan, Edmund J. Crampin

BondGraphTools is a Python library for scripted modelling of complex multi-physics systems. In contrast to existing modelling solutions, BondGraphTools is based upon the well established bond graph methodology, provides a programming interface for symbolic model composition, and is intended to be used in conjunction with the existing scientific Python toolch

Szilárd Szalay

The notions of $k$-separability and $k$-producibility are useful and expressive tools for the characterization of entanglement in multipartite quantum systems, when a more detailed analysis would be infeasible or simply needless. In this work we reveal a partial duality between them, which is valid also for their correlation counterparts. This duality can be

Qian Liang, Wenhao Bu, Yuhe Zhang, Tao Chen

We proposed a general Zeeman slower scheme applicable to the majority of the laser-coolable molecules. Different from previous schemes, the key idea of our scheme lies in that the compensation of the detuning with the magnetic field is done for the repumping laser instead of the cooling laser. Only atoms or molecules with the right velocity will be repumped

Masahito Hayashi, Kazuyasu Shigemoto, Takuya Tsukioka

We study the Riemann geometric approach to be aimed at unifying soliton systems. The general two-dimensional Einstein equation with constant scalar curvature becomes an integrable differential equation. We show that such Einstein equation includes KdV/mKdV/sine-Gordon equations.

Hector Olivares, Oliver Porth, Jordy Davelaar, Elias R. Most

Worldwide very long baseline radio interferometry arrays are expected to obtain horizon-scale images of supermassive black hole candidates as well as of relativistic jets in several nearby active galactic nuclei. This motivates the development of models for magnetohydrodynamic flows in strong gravitational fields. The Black Hole Accretion Code (BHAC) intends

Evangelia Gergatsouli, Brendan Lucier, Christos Tzamos

We study black-box reductions from mechanism design to algorithm design for welfare maximization in settings of incomplete information. Given oracle access to an algorithm for an underlying optimization problem, the goal is to simulate an incentive compatible mechanism. The mechanism will be evaluated on its expected welfare, relative to the algorithm provid

Yehia Abd Alrahman, Giuseppe Perelli, Nir Piterman

We propose a formalism to model and reason about multi-agent systems. We allow agents to interact and communicate in different modes so that they can pursue joint tasks; agents may dynamically synchronize, exchange data, adapt their behaviour, and reconfigure their communication interfaces. The formalism defines a local behaviour based on shared variables an

Issa J. Dahabreh, James M. Robins, Sebastien J-P. A. Haneuse, Miguel A. Hernán

When engagement with a randomized trial is driven by factors that affect the outcome or when trial engagement directly affects the outcome independent of treatment, the average treatment effect among trial participants is unlikely to generalize to a target population. In this paper, we use counterfactual and graphical causal models to examine under what cond

Xing Zhang, Rui Niu, Wen Zhao

Screened modified gravity (SMG) and Brans-Dicke (BD) gravity are typical examples of scalar-tensor theories with and without screening mechanisms, which can suppress the scalar field in dense regions. In this paper, we investigate the tests of time-varying gravitational constant $G$, gravitational dipole radiation, and Nordtvedt effect in BD and SMG theories

Xiaoqian Wei, Jianying Yang, Xiangru Fan

In this paper, two cooperative guidance laws based on the area around the target of multiattackers are designed to deal with the problem of cooperative encirclement or simultaneous attack in the case of known target acceleration and unknown target acceleration. Multi-attacker communication network only needs to contain a directed spanning tree, and does not

G. M. Beffa, E. L. Mansfield

We investigate some infinite dimensional Lie algebras and their associated Poisson structures which arise from a Lie group action on a manifold. If $G$ is a Lie group, $\g$ its Lie algebra and $M$ is a manifold on which $G$ acts, then the set of smooth maps from $M$ to $\g$ has at least two Lie algebra structures, both satisfying the required property to be

Marcelo H. de Carvalho, Nishad Kothari, Xiumei Wang, Yixun Lin

A well-studied geometric object in combinatorial optimization is the perfect matching polytope of a graph $G$. In any investigation concerning the perfect matching polytope, one may assume that $G$ is matching covered --- that is, it is a connected graph (of order at least two) and each edge lies in some perfect matching. A graph $G$ is Birkhoff-von Neumann

Viacheslav M Sadykov, Alexander G Kosovichev, Irina N Kitiashvili, Graham S Kerr

We perform an analysis of the line-of-sight (LOS) observables of the SDO/HMI for models of the solar atmosphere heated by precipitating high-energy electrons during solar flares. The radiative hydrodynamic (RADYN) flare models are obtained from the F-CHROMA database. The Stokes profiles for the Fe 6173 A line observed by SDO/HMI are calculated using the radi

V. Nikiforov

The $p$-norm of $r$-matrices generalizes the $2$-norm of $2$-matrices. It is shown that if a nonnegative $r$-matrix is symmetric with respect to two indices $j$ and $k$, then the $p$-norm is attained for some set of vectors such that the $i$th and the $j$th vectors are identical. It follows that the $p$-spectral radius of a symmetric nonnegative $r$-matrix i

Hayder O. Alwan, Hamidreza Sadeghian, Sherif Abdelwahed

In smart grid, the demand side management (DSM) techniques need to be designed to process a large number of controllable loads of several types. In this paper, we proposed a framework to study the demand side management in smart grid which contains a variety of loads in two service areas, one with multiple residential households, and one bus with commercial

Evan J. Telford, Jake C. Russell, Joshua R. Swann, Brandon Fowler

Superatomic crystals are composed of discrete modular clusters that emulate the role of atoms in traditional atomic solids$^{1-4}$. Owing to their unique hierarchical structures, these materials are promising candidates to host exotic phenomena, such as superconductivity and magnetism that can be revealed through doping$^{5-10}$. Low-dimensional superatomic

Santiago Echeverri-Arteaga, Herbert Vinck-Posada, José M. Villas-Bôas, Edgar A. Gómez

Pure dephasing is widely used in the literature to explain experimental observations on quantum dots in cavities. In many cases, its use is not enough and extra terms need to be "fictitiously" added to accomplish with the observed data as it is the case of cavity pumping of an unknown source. Here we controvert the validity of the pure dephasing mechanism as

Jose Luis Blanco-Claraco

The problems of point-cloud registration and attitude estimation from vector observations (Wahba's problem) have widespread applications in computer vision and mobile robotics. This work introduces a simple approach for integrating sets of geometric feature observations (points, lines, and planes) in such a way that any solution to either point-cloud registr

Loukas Grafakos, Cody B. Stockdale

For a limited range of indices $p$, we obtain $L^p(\mathbb{R}^n)$ boundedness for singular integral operators whose kernels satisfy a condition weaker than the typical H\"ormander smoothness estimate. These operators are assumed to be bounded (or weakly bounded) on $L^{s}(\mathbb{R}^n)$ for some index $s$. Our estimates are obtained via interpolation from th

Matthew Heiner, Athanasios Kottas

We develop two models for Bayesian estimation and selection in high-order, discrete-state Markov chains. Both are based on the mixture transition distribution, which constructs a transition probability tensor with additive mixing of probabilities from first-order transition matrices. We demonstrate two uses for the proposed models: parsimonious approximation

Samuel Sokota, Ryan D'Orazio, Khurram Javed, Humza Haider

Accurate models of patient survival probabilities provide important information to clinicians prescribing care for life-threatening and terminal ailments. A recently developed class of models - known as individual survival distributions (ISDs) - produces patient-specific survival functions that offer greater descriptive power of patient outcomes than was pre

Nassif Ghoussoub, Young-Heon Kim, Tongseok Lim

Given two probability measures $\mu, \nu$ on $\mathbb{R}^d$, in subharmonic order, we describe optimal stopping times $\tau$ that maximize/minimize the cost functional $\mathbb{E} |B_0 - B_\tau|^{\alpha}$, $\alpha > 0$, where $(B_t)_t$ is Brownian motion with initial law $\mu$ and with final distribution --once stopped at $\tau$-- equal to $\nu$. Under the a

Silvère Gangloff, Alexandre Talon

In this text, we prove the existence of an asymptotic growth rate of the number of dominating sets (and variants) on finite rectangular grids, when the dimensions of the grid grow to infinity. Moreover, we provide, for each of the variants, an algorithm which computes the growth rate. We also give bounds on these rates provided by a computer program.

S. A. Belbas

We formulate and analyze game-theoretic problems for systems governed by integral equations. For Volterra integral equations, we obtain and prove necessary and sufficient conditions for linear-quadratic problems, and for problems that are linear-quadratic in the control. Also, we obtain necessary conditions for one type of pursuit-evasion Volterra games.

Diego A. Carranza, Juan A. Valiente Kroon

Using a metric conformal formulation of the Einstein equations, we develop a construction of 4-dimensional anti-de Sitter-like spacetimes coupled to tracefree matter models. Our strategy relies on the formulation of an initial-boundary problem for a system of quasilinear wave equations for various conformal fields by exploiting the conformal and coordinate g

Nan Liu, Thomas Stephan, Sergio Cristallo, Roberto Gallino

We report Mo isotopic compositions of 37 presolar SiC grains of types Y (19) and Z (18), rare types commonly argued to have formed in lower-than-solar metallicity asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars. Direct comparison of the Y and Z grain data with data for mainstream grains from AGB stars of close-to-solar metallicity demonstrates that the three types of gr

Jamal Sakhr, Blaine A. Chronik

In a previous paper [Adv. Appl. Math. Mech. 10 (2018), pp. 1025-1056], we used the Buchwald representation to construct several families of separable cylindrical solutions to the Navier-Lam\'{e} equation; these solutions had the property of being $2\pi$-periodic in the circumferential coordinate. In this paper, we extend the analysis and obtain the complemen

Laurent Chuat, AbdelRahman Abdou, Ralf Sasse, Christoph Sprenger

The ability to quickly revoke a compromised key is critical to the security of any public-key infrastructure. Regrettably, most traditional certificate revocation schemes suffer from latency, availability, or privacy problems. These problems are exacerbated by the lack of a native delegation mechanism in TLS, which increasingly leads domain owners to engage

Jay Appleton, Brian Helenbrook

Explicit time advancement for continuous finite elements requires the inversion of a global mass matrix. For spectral element simulations on quadrilaterals and hexahedra, there is an accurate approximate mass matrix which is diagonal, making it computationally efficient for explicit simulations. In this article it is shown that for the standard space of poly

Kang Liu, Haoyu Yang, Yuzhe Ma, Benjamin Tan

There is substantial interest in the use of machine learning (ML) based techniques throughout the electronic computer-aided design (CAD) flow, particularly those based on deep learning. However, while deep learning methods have surpassed state-of-the-art performance in several applications, they have exhibited intrinsic susceptibility to adversarial perturba

Pedro J. Miana, Jesús Oliva-Maza

For $\mu>\beta>0$, the generalized Stieltjes operators $$ \mathcal{S}_{\beta,\mu} f(t):={t^{\mu-\beta}}\int_0^\infty {s^{\beta-1}\over (s+t)^{\mu}}f(s)ds, \qquad t>0, $$ defined on Sobolev spaces $\mathcal{T}_p^{(\alpha)}(t^\alpha)$ (where $\alpha\ge 0$ is the fractional order of derivation and these spaces are embedded in $L^p(\RR^+)$ for $p\ge 1$) are stud

Pavlo Molchanov, Arun Mallya, Stephen Tyree, Iuri Frosio

Structural pruning of neural network parameters reduces computation, energy, and memory transfer costs during inference. We propose a novel method that estimates the contribution of a neuron (filter) to the final loss and iteratively removes those with smaller scores. We describe two variations of our method using the first and second-order Taylor expansions

Zhou Yu, Jun Yu, Yuhao Cui, Dacheng Tao

Visual Question Answering (VQA) requires a fine-grained and simultaneous understanding of both the visual content of images and the textual content of questions. Therefore, designing an effective `co-attention' model to associate key words in questions with key objects in images is central to VQA performance. So far, most successful attempts at co-attention

Geetanjali Chaudhary, Jan Kalinowski, Manjit Kaur, Paweł Kozów

We investigate the Beyond Standard Model discovery potential in the framework of the Effective Field Theory (EFT) for the same-sign $WW$ scattering process in purely leptonic $W$ decay modes at the High-Luminosity and High-Energy phases of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The goal of this paper is to examine the applicability of the EFT approach, with one di

Muhammed Fatih Bulut, Hongtan Sun, Pritpal Arora, Maja Vukovic

Understanding the overall health of an IT Infrastructure is a key part of IT Service Management. Traditional approach to perform technical health check is by visiting customer's physical site and rigorously examining the IT infrastructure with Subject Matter Experts. Alternatively, periodic surveys are sent to Technical Architects who are responsible for the

Roland Katz, Caio A. G. Prado, Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler, Jorge Noronha

Heavy flavor probes provide important information about the in-medium properties of the quark-gluon plasma produced in heavy-ion collisions. In this work, we investigate the effects of 2D+1 event-by-event fluctuating hydrodynamic backgrounds on the nuclear suppression factor and momentum anisotropies of heavy flavor mesons and non-photonic electrons. Using t

D. Reig-i-Plessis, A. Cote, S. van Geldern, R. D. Mayrhofer

The symmetry of local moments plays a defining role in the nature of exotic grounds states stabilized in frustrated magnetic materials. We present inelastic neutron scattering (INS) measurements of the crystal electric field (CEF) excitations in the family of compounds MgRE$_2$Se$_4$ (RE $\in$ $\{$Ho, Tm, Er and Yb$\}$). These compounds form in the spinel st

Sibel Turanli, Aydin Gezer, Hasan Cakicioglu

In this paper, we construct metallic K\"ahler and nearly metallic K\"ahler structures on Riemanian manifolds. For such manifolds with these structures, we study curvature properties. Also we describe linear connections on the manifold, which preserve the associated fundamental 2-form and satisfy some additional conditions and present some results concerning

Richard Li, Kiran Makhijani, Hamed Yousefi, Cedric Westphal

In the current Internet architecture, a packet is a minimal or fundamental unit upon which different actions such as classification,forwarding, or discarding are performed by the network nodes.When faced with constrained or poor network conditions, a packet is subjected to undesirable drops and re-transmissions, resulting in unpredictable delays and subseque

Bernard S. Kay

Editorial Note with a mathematical and historical introduction to a 1932 paper by Erwin Schr\"odinger on the generalization of the Dirac equation to a curved spacetime -- to appear in the 'Golden Oldie' section of the Journal of General Relativity and Gravitation alongside an English translation of that paper. The Schr\"odinger paper is of interest as the fi

Yuliy V. Bludov, Nuno M. R. Peres, Mikhail I. Vasilevskiy

In this paper we show that graphene surface plasmons can be excited when an electromagnetic wave packet impinges on a single metal slit covered with graphene. The excitation of the plasmons localized over the slit is revealed by characteristic peaks in the absorption spectrum. It is shown that the position of the peaks can be tuned either by the graphene dop

Cole Mauws, Nathaniel Hiebert, Megan Rutherford, Haidong D. Zhou

The question of structural disorder and its effects on magnetism is relevant to a number of spin liquid candidate materials. Although commonly thought of as a route to spin glass behavior, here we describe a system in which the structural disorder results in long-range antiferromagnetic order due to local symmetry breaking. Nd$_2$ScNbO$_7$ is shown to have a

Tobias Dam, Lukas Daniel Klausner, Damjan Buhov, Sebastian Schrittwieser

Today, many different types of scams can be found on the internet. Online criminals are always finding new creative ways to trick internet users, be it in the form of lottery scams, downloading scam apps for smartphones or fake gambling websites. This paper presents a large-scale study on one particular delivery method of online scam: pop-up scam on typosqua

Antony Valentini

We compare and contrast two distinct approaches to understanding the Born rule in de Broglie-Bohm pilot-wave theory, one based on dynamical relaxation over time (advocated by this author and collaborators) and the other based on typicality of initial conditions (advocated by the 'Bohmian mechanics' school). It is argued that the latter approach is inherently

Giuseppe Notarstefano, Ivano Notarnicola, Andrea Camisa

The presence of embedded electronics and communication capabilities as well as sensing and control in smart devices has given rise to the novel concept of cyber-physical networks, in which agents aim at cooperatively solving complex tasks by local computation and communication. Numerous estimation, learning, decision and control tasks in smart networks invol

J. Mendez-Abreu, S. F. Sanchez, A. de Lorenzo-Caceres

The star formation main sequence (SFMS) is a tight relation between the galaxy star formation rate (SFR) and its total stellar mass ($M_\star$). Early-type galaxies (ETGs) are often considered as low-SFR outliers of this relation. We study, for the first time, the separated distribution in the SFR vs. $M_\star$ of bulges and discs of 49 ETGs from the CALIFA

I. M. Kadenko, B. Biro, A. Fenyvesi

A new nuclear reaction channel on 197Au with the neutron as a projectile and a bound dineutron (^2n) in the output channel is considered based on available experimental observations. The dineutron is assumed to be formed as a particle-satellite, separated from the volume but not from the potential well of 196Au nucleus. The dineutron was identified by statis

David P. Lake, Matthew Mitchell, Barry C. Sanders, Paul E. Barclay

Efficient switching and routing of photons of different wavelengths is a requirement for realizing a quantum internet. Multimode optomechanical systems can solve this technological challenge and enable studies of fundamental science involving widely separated wavelengths that are inaccessible to single-mode optomechanical systems. To this end, we demonstrate

Adam S. Backer

Metasurfaces are an emerging technology that may supplant many of the conventional optics found in imaging devices, displays, and precision scientific instruments. Here, we develop a method for designing optical systems composed of multiple unique metasurfaces aligned in sequence. Our approach is based on computational inverse design, also known as the adjoi

Karel Proesmans, Carlos E. Fiore

We derive a linear thermodynamics theory for general Markov dynamics with both steady-state and time-periodic drivings. Expressions for thermodynamic quantities, such as mechanical and chemical work, heat and entropy production are obtained in terms of equilibrium probability distribution and the drivings. The entropy production is derived as a bilinear func

Chang Sun, Mark Dong, Niall M. Mangan, Herbert G. Winful

A traveling wave model for a semiconductor diode laser based on quantum wells is presented as well as a comprehensive theoretical model of the lasing dynamics produced by the intensity discrimination of the nonlinear mode-coupling in a waveguide array. By leveraging a recently developed model for the detailed semiconductor gain dynamics, the temporal shaping

Mihai-Alin Badiu, Justin P. Coon

Assume the communication between a source and a destination is supported by a large reflecting surface (LRS), which consists of an array of reflector elements with adjustable reflection phases. By knowing the phase shifts induced by the composite propagation channels through the LRS, the phases of the reflectors can be configured such that the signals combin

M. Carrera, T. Gorin, C. Pineda

We study the open dynamics of a quantum two-level system coupled to an environment modeled by random matrices. Using the quantum channel formalism, we investigate different quantum Markovianity measures and criteria. A thorough analysis of the whole parameter space, reveals a wide range of different regimes, ranging from strongly non-Markovian to Markovian d

Seymour J. Metz

Manifolds and fiber bundles, while superficially different, have strong parallels; in particular, they are both defined in terms of equivalence classes of atlases or in terms of maximal atlases, with the atlases treated as mere adjuncts. This paper presents a unified view of atlases for manifolds and fiber bundles as mathematical entities in their own right.

Anton Izosimov

The pentagram map takes a planar polygon $P$ to a polygon $P'$ whose vertices are the intersection points of consecutive shortest diagonals of $P$. This map is known to interact nicely with Poncelet polygons, i.e. polygons which are simultaneously inscribed in a conic and circumscribed about a conic. A theorem of R. Schwartz says that if $P$ is a Poncelet po

R. Kurleto, A. Szytuła, J. Goraus, S. Baran

We report systematic studies of CeCu$_9$In$_2$, which appears to be a new Kondo lattice system. Electrical resistivity exhibits a logarithmic law characteristic of Kondo systems with a broad maximum at $T_{coh}\approx$45 K and it obeys the Fermi liquid theory at low temperature. Specific heat of CeCu$_9$In$_2$ is well described by the Einstein and Debye mode

Ines Domingos, Guang-Zhong Yang, Fani Deligianni

Gait adaptation is an important part of gait analysis and its neuronal origin and dynamics has been studied extensively. In neurorehabilitation, it is important as it perturbs neuronal dynamics and allows patients to restore some of their motor function. Exoskeletons and robotics of the lower limbs are increasingly used to facilitate rehabilitation as well a

Brandon Oselio, Amir Sadeghian, Silvio Savarese, Alfred Hero

Directed information (DI) is a useful tool to explore time-directed interactions in multivariate data. However, as originally formulated DI is not well suited to interactions that change over time. In previous work, adaptive directed information was introduced to accommodate non-stationarity, while still preserving the utility of DI to discover complex depen

Bhaskar Dutta, Doojin Kim, Shu Liao, Jong-Chul Park

We propose a novel strategy to search for new physics in timing spectra, envisioning the situation in which a new particle comes from the decay of its heavier partner with a finite particle width. The timing distribution of events induced by the dark matter particle scattering at the detector may populate in a relatively narrow range, forming a "resonance-li

F. Avila, C. P. Novaes, A. Bernui, E. de Carvalho

We probe the angular scale of homogeneity in the local Universe using blue galaxies from the SDSS survey as a cosmological tracer. Through the scaled counts in spherical caps, $ \mathcal{N}(<\theta) $, and the fractal correlation dimension, $\mathcal{D}_{2}(\theta)$, we find an angular scale of transition to homogeneity for this sample of $\theta_{\text{H}}

Eduardo Pontón, Yang Bai, Bithika Jain

In the simple Higgs-portal dark matter model with a conserved dark matter number, we show that there exists a non-topological soliton state of dark matter. This state has smaller energy per dark matter number than a free particle state and has its interior in the electroweak symmetric vacuum. It could be produced in the early universe from first-order electr

J. G. A. Ramon, C. W. Wang, L. Ishida, P. L. Bernardo

Neutron scattering, a.c. magnetic susceptibility and specific heat studies have been carried out on polycrystalline Dy2Zr2O7. Unlike the pyrochlore spin ice Dy2Ti2O7, Dy2Zr2O7 crystallizes into the fluorite structure and the magnetic Dy3+ moments randomly reside on the corner-sharing tetrahedral sublattice with non-magnetic Zr ions. Antiferromagnetic spin co

Casey B. Davis, Christopher M. Hans, Thomas J. Santner

This research proposes a flexible Bayesian extension of the composite Gaussian process (CGP) model of Ba and Joseph (2012) for predicting (stationary or) non-stationary $y(\mathbf{x})$. The CGP generalizes the regression plus stationary Gaussian process (GP) model by replacing the regression term with a GP. The new model, $Y(\mathbf{x})$, can accommodate lar

Zhou Zhou, Lingjia Liu, Hao-Hsuan Chang

Reservoir computing (RC) is a special recurrent neural network which consists of a fixed high dimensional feature mapping and trained readout weights. In this paper, we introduce a new RC structure for multiple-input, multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) symbol detection, namely windowed echo state network (WESN). The theore

Claudia Flores-Saviaga, Saiph Savage

Given that the Latino community is the second largest ethnic group in the US, an understanding of how Latinos are discussed and targeted on social media during US elections is crucial. This paper explores these questions through a data analysis on Reddit, one of the most prominent and popular social media platforms for political discussion. We collected Redd

Laura Bernard

The inclusion of finite-size effects in the gravitational waveform templates allows not only to constrain the internal structure of compact objects, but to test deviations from general relativity. Here, we address the problem of tidal effects in massless scalar-tensor theories. We introduce a new class of scalar-type tidal Love numbers due to the presence of

Nickolay Y. Gnedin

I describe a modification to the original Fast Multipole Method (FMM) of Greengard & Rokhlin that approximates the gravitation field of an FMM cell as a small uniform grid (a "gridlet") of effective masses. The effective masses on a gridlet are set from the requirement that the multipole moments of the FMM cells are reproduced exactly, hence preserving the a