July 2019 arXiv papers — page 25

Yu Cao, Jun Feng, Asritha Nallapaneni, Yuki Arakawa

Helical structures are exciting and are utilized in numerous applications ranging from biotechnology to displays to medicine. Accurate description and understanding of resonance effects in helical structures provides crucial knowledge on molecular packing beyond positional ordering. We exam-ined the manifestation of resonance effects in a nematic phase with

Ran Cohen, Iftach Haitner, Nikolaos Makriyannis, Matan Orland

We prove lower bounds on the round complexity of randomized Byzantine agreement (BA) protocols, bounding the halting probability of such protocols after one and two rounds. In particular, we prove that: (1) BA protocols resilient against $n/3$ [resp., $n/4$] corruptions terminate (under attack) at the end of the first round with probability at most $o(1)$ [r

Mohammad Adm, Shaun Fallat, Karen Meagher, Shahla Nasserasr

Associated to a graph $G$ is a set $\mathcal{S}(G)$ of all real-valued symmetric matrices whose off-diagonal entries are nonzero precisely when the corresponding vertices of the graph are adjacent, and the diagonal entries are free to be chosen. If $G$ has $n$ vertices, then the multiplicities of the eigenvalues of any matrix in $\mathcal{S}(G)$ partition $n

Alvaro Corvalán, Mario Milman

Extending results in \cite{M} and \cite{MM} we characterize the classical classes of weights that satisfy reverse H\"{o}lder inequalities in terms of indices of suitable families of $K-$functionals of the weights. In particular, we introduce a Samko type of index (cf. \cite{kara}) for families of functions, that is based on quasi-monotonicity, and use it to

Adarsh Pyarelal, Shufang Su

A 100 TeV proton-proton collider will be an extremely effective way to probe the electroweak sector of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). In this paper, we describe a search strategy for discovering pair-produced Higgsino-like next-to-lightest supersymmetric particles (NLSPs) at a 100 TeV hadron collider that decay to Bino-like lightest supers

Cecília Nunes, Hélène Langet, Mathieu De Craene, Oscar Camara

Clinical decision requires reasoning in the presence of imperfect data. DTs are a well-known decision support tool, owing to their interpretability, fundamental in safety-critical contexts such as medical diagnosis. However, learning DTs from uncertain data leads to poor generalization, and generating predictions for uncertain data hinders prediction accurac

Manuel Gonzalez Sarabia, Miguel E. Uribe-paczka, Eliseo Sarmiento, Carlos Renteria

In this paper we introduce the relative generalized minimum distance function (RGMDF for short) and it allows us to give an algebraic approach to the relative generalized Hamming weights of the projective Reed--Muller--type codes. Also we introduce the relative generalized footprint function and it gives a tight lower bound for the RGMDF which is much easier

Yijun Ge, Timothy S. Fisher

We report first-principles calculations of electron-phonon coupling in bilayer graphene and the corresponding contribution to carrier scattering. At the phonon $\Gamma$ point, electrons with energies less than 200 meV are scattered predominantly by LA$^\prime$ and TA$^\prime$ modes while higher-energy electron scattering is dominated by optical phonon modes.

Masoumeh Safkhani, Nasour Bagheri

By expanding the connection of objects to the Internet and their entry to human life, the issue of security and privacy has become important. In order to enhance security and privacy on the Internet, many security protocols have been developed. Unfortunately, the security analyzes that have been carried out on these protocols show that they are vulnerable to

Mark-Oliver Stehr, Minyoung Kim, Carolyn L. Talcott, Merrill Knapp

In spite of the rapidly increasing number of applications of machine learning in various domains, a principled and systematic approach to the incorporation of domain knowledge in the engineering process is still lacking and ad hoc solutions that are difficult to validate are still the norm in practice, which is of growing concern not only in mission-critical

Hao Tang, Chupeng Zhang, Xiaohui Xie

Pulmonary nodule detection, false positive reduction and segmentation represent three of the most common tasks in the computeraided analysis of chest CT images. Methods have been proposed for eachtask with deep learning based methods heavily favored recently. However training deep learning models to solve each task separately may be sub-optimal - resource in

Dohyun Kwon, Alpár Richárd Mészáros

This paper is devoted to the study of some nonlinear parabolic equations with discontinuous diffusion intensities. Such problems appear naturally in physical and biological models. Our analysis is based on variational techniques and in particular on gradient flows in the space of probability measures equipped with the distance arising in the Monge-Kantorovic

Jaak Simm, Adam Arany, Edward De Brouwer, Yves Moreau

Applying machine learning to molecules is challenging because of their natural representation as graphs rather than vectors.Several architectures have been recently proposed for deep learning from molecular graphs, but they suffer from informationbottlenecks because they only pass information from a graph node to its direct neighbors. Here, we introduce a mo

Dimitri Racordon, Didier Buchs

Despite the plethora of powerful software to spot bugs, identify performance bottlenecks or simply improve the overall quality of code, programming languages remain the first and most important tool of a developer. Therefore, appropriate abstractions, unambiguous syntaxes and intuitive semantics are paramount to convey intent concisely and efficiently. The c

Yanying Wu

Gene regulatory network (GRN) plays a central role in system biology and genomics. It provides a promising way to model and study complex biological processes. Several computational methods have been developed for the construction and analysis of GRN. In particular, Petri net and its variants were introduced for GRN years ago. On the other hand, Petri net th

Md. Zamilur Rahman, Asish Mukhopadhyay

Strongly chordal graphs are a subclass of chordal graphs. Farber also established a number of different characterisations for this class of graphs. These include an intersection graph characterisation that is analogous to a similar characterisation for chordal graphs. Seker et al. exploited this characterisation of chordal graphs to obtain an algorithm for g

Rylan Conway, Lambert Mathias

In a spoken dialogue system, dialogue state tracker (DST) components track the state of the conversation by updating a distribution of values associated with each of the slots being tracked for the current user turn, using the interactions until then. Much of the previous work has relied on modeling the natural order of the conversation, using distance based

Vladimir Yushutin, Annalisa Quaini, Maxim Olshanskii

The paper presents a model of lateral phase separation in a two component material surface. The resulting fourth order nonlinear PDE can be seen as a Cahn-Hilliard equation posed on a time-dependent surface. Only elementary tangential calculus and the embedding of the surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$ are used to formulate the model, thereby facilitating the develop

Caleb Ji, Joshua Kazdan, Vaughan McDonald

We study the prime numbers that lie in Beatty sequences of the form $\lfloor \alpha n + \beta \rfloor$ and have prescribed algebraic splitting conditions. We prove that the density of primes in both a fixed Beatty sequence and a Chebotarev class of some Galois extension is precisely the product of the densities $\alpha^{-1}\cdot\frac{|C|}{|G|}$. Moreover, we

Piyush Pandita, Jesper Kristensen, Liping Wang

Numerous engineering problems of interest to the industry are often characterized by expensive black-box objective experiments or computer simulations. Obtaining insight into the problem or performing subsequent optimizations requires hundreds of thousands of evaluations of the objective function which is most often a practically unachievable task. Gaussian

Michael Harrison

An immersion of a smooth $n$-dimensional manifold $M \to \mathbb{R}^q$ is called totally nonparallel if, for every distinct $x, y \in M$, the tangent spaces at $f(x)$ and $f(y)$ contain no parallel lines. Given a manifold $M$, we seek the minimum dimension $TN(M)$ such that there exists a totally nonparallel immersion $M \to \mathbb{R}^{TN(M)}$. In analogy w

Trajan Hammonds

For an abelian group $G$ and an integer $t > 0$, the modified Erd\H{o}s-Ginzburg-Ziv constant $s'_t(G)$ is the smallest integer $\ell$ such that any zero-sum sequence of length at least $\ell$ with elements in $G$ contains a zero-sum subsequence (not necessarily consecutive) of length $t$. We compute bounds for $s'_{t}(G)$ for $G = \left(\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{

Yang Zhou, Zachary While, Evangelos Kalogerakis

In this paper we propose a neural message passing approach to augment an input 3D indoor scene with new objects matching their surroundings. Given an input, potentially incomplete, 3D scene and a query location, our method predicts a probability distribution over object types that fit well in that location. Our distribution is predicted though passing learne

Jingya Liu, Liangliang Cao, Oguz Akin, Yingli Tian

Accurate detection of pulmonary nodules with high sensitivity and specificity is essential for automatic lung cancer diagnosis from CT scans. Although many deep learning-based algorithms make great progress for improving the accuracy of nodule detection, the high false positive rate is still a challenging problem which limits the automatic diagnosis in routi

Jiyang Bai, Yuxiang Ren, Jiawei Zhang

Optimization algorithms with momentum, e.g., (ADAM), have been widely used for building deep learning models due to the faster convergence rates compared with stochastic gradient descent (SGD). Momentum helps accelerate SGD in the relevant directions in parameter updating, which can minify the oscillations of parameters update route. However, there exist err

Michael Motro, Joydeep Ghosh

Autonomous vehicles often perceive the environment by feeding sensor data to a learned detector algorithm, then feeding detections to a multi-object tracker that models object motions over time. Probabilistic models of multi-object trackers typically assume that errors in the detector algorithm occur randomly over time. We instead assume that undetected obje

John Baker, Simon F. Barke, Peter L. Bender, Emanuele Berti

The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) will open three decades of gravitational wave (GW) spectrum between 0.1 and 100 mHz, the mHz band. This band is expected to be the richest part of the GW spectrum, in types of sources, numbers of sources, signal-to-noise ratios and discovery potential. When LISA opens the low-frequency window of the gravitational

J. Díaz Arancibia, V. Ferrari Smith, J. López Fenner

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a fast growing field of devices being added to an interconnected environment in an abstract heterogeneous array of servers and other devices, called smart environments, ranging from private local (home) environments to nation-wide infrastructures, often accessible via unsecured wireless communications and information technolog

Seunghyeok Kim, Angela Pistoia

We consider ground state solutions of the critical Lane-Emden system \[\begin{cases} -\Delta u = v^p &\text{in } \mathbb{R}^n,\\ -\Delta v = u^q &\text{in } \mathbb{R}^n,\\ u,v >0\ &\text{in } \mathbb{R}^n, \end{cases}\] where $n \ge 3$ and $p,q>0$ and $(p,q)$ belongs to the critical hyperbola $\frac{1}{p+1} + \frac{1}{q+1} = \frac{n-2}{n}.$ We prove that th

J. K. Freericks

This is an introductory chapter on how to calculate nonequilibrium Green's functions via dynamical mean-field theory for the Autumn School on Correlated Electrons: Many-Body Methods for Real Materials, 16-20 September 2019, Forschungszentrum Juelich. It is appropriate for graduate students with a solid state physics and advanced quantum mechanics background.

Eric M. Rains

We show that any commutative rationally ruled surface with a choice of anticanonical curve admits a 1-parameter family of noncommutative deformations parametrized by the Jacobian of the anticanonical curve, and show that many standard facts from commutative geometry (blowups commute, Quot schemes are projective, etc.) carry over. The key new tool in studying

R. D. Nesselrodt, J. Canfield, J. K. Freericks

The spinless Falicov-Kimball model is one of the simplest models of many-body physics. While the conduction-electron density of states is temperature independent in the normal state, the f-electron density of states is strongly temperature dependent---it has an orthogonality catastrophe singularity in the metallic phase and is gapped in the insulating phase.

Chengxing Zhai, Quanzhi Ye, Michael Shao, Russell Trahan

The Zwicky Transit Factory (ZTF) is a powerful time domain survey facility with a large field of view. We apply the synthetic tracking technique to integrate a ZTF's long-dwell dataset, which consists of 133 nominal 30-second exposure frames spanning about 1.5 hours, to search for slowly moving asteroids down to approximately 23rd magnitude. We found more th

Aaram J. Kim, Philipp Werner, Roser Valentí

We present a strategy to alleviate the sign problem in continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo (CTQMC) simulations of the dynamical-mean-field-theory (DMFT) equations for the spin-orbit-coupled multiorbital Hubbard model. We first identify the combinations of rotationally invariant Hund coupling terms present in the relativistic basis which lead to a severe sign

Emma K. Towlson, Albert-László Barabási

Synthetic lethality, the finding that the simultaneous knockout of two or more individually non-essential genes leads to cell or organism death, has offered a systematic framework to explore cellular function, and also offered therapeutic applications. Yet, the concept lacks its parallel in neuroscience - a systematic knowledge base on the role of double or

W. R. Cardoso, D. F. Barros, M. R. Barros, S. Pádua

Manipulation of qudits in optical tables is a difficult and nonscalable task. The use of integrated optical circuits opens new possibilities for the generation, manipulation, and characterization of high dimensional states besides the ease of transmission of these states through an optical fiber. In this work we propose photonic circuits to perform minimum q

Carla S. Perez-Martinez, Susan Perkin

We report measurements of the normal surface forces and friction forces between two mica surfaces separated by a nano-film of dicationic ionic liquid using a Surface Force Balance. The dicationic ionic liquid 1,10-bis(3-methylimidazolium)decane di- [bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)]imide forms a layered structure in nano-confinement, revealed by oscillatory stru

Yun Liao, Nariman Farsad, Nir Shlezinger, Yonina C. Eldar

This paper proposes to use a deep neural network (DNN)-based symbol detector for mmWave systems such that CSI acquisition can be bypassed. In particular, we consider a sliding bidirectional recurrent neural network (BRNN) architecture that is suitable for the long memory length of typical mmWave channels. The performance of the DNN detector is evaluated in c

Robert J. Scherrer

In the Ijjas-Steinhardt cyclic model, the universe passes through phases dominated by radiation, matter, and a dark energy scalar field, with the value of the scale factor increasing with each cycle. Since each cycle terminates in a finite time, it is straightforward to calculate the fraction of time that the universe spends in a state for which the matter a

Kevin B. Burdge, Michael W. Coughlin, Jim Fuller, Thomas Kupfer

General relativity predicts that short orbital period binaries emit significant gravitational radiation, and the upcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) is expected to detect tens of thousands of such systems; however, few have been identified, and only one is eclipsing--the double white dwarf binary SDSS J065133.338+284423.37, which has an orbita

Michael K. -H. Kiessling

It is shown that a well-defined expression for the total electromagnetic force $f^{em}$ on a point charge source of the classical electromagnetic field can be extracted from the postulate of total momentum conservation whenever the classical electromagnetic field theory satisfies a handful of regularity conditions. Amongst these is the generic local integrab

Patrick I. Kinnear

In this note, we show that the wreath product of two semiprime skew braces is also a semiprime skew brace.

Bryan T. G. Lau, Timothy C. Berkelbach

We use excited-state quantum chemistry techniques to investigate the intraband absorption of doped semiconductor nanoparticles as a function of doping density, nanoparticle radius, and material properties. The excess electrons are modeled as interacting particles confined in a sphere. We compare the predictions of various single-excitation theories, includin

Claudenir Freire Rodrigues, Ramon Codamo B. da Costa

In this article we shows some results about algebra with the group of units having special polynomial identity.

Yifeng Sun, Salvatore Plumari, Vincenzo Greco

We have developed a relativistic transport approach at fixed $\eta/s(T)$ that incorporates initial space fluctuations generated by wounded quark model to study the hadron observables in 5.02 TeV p+Pb collisions. We find that our approach is able to correctly predict quite well several existing experimental measurements assuming a matter with $\eta/s=1/4\pi$,

Gaurav Harsha, Thomas M. Henderson, Gustavo E. Scuseria

We present a coupled cluster and linear response theory to compute properties of many-electron systems at non-zero temperatures. For this purpose, we make use of the thermofield dynamics, which allows for a compact wavefunction representation of the thermal density matrix, and extend our recently developed framework [J. Chem. Phys. 150, 154109 (2019)] to par

A. J. Fairchild, V. A. Chirayath, R. W. Gladen, A. R. Koymen

In this paper, we present and analyze measurements of the positron induced electron spectra (PIES) from highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG). The spectra were obtained using a time of flight spectrometer attached to a variable energy positron beam. In the first measurements presented, the system was configured to obtain high resolution data from the ann

Karine Bertin, Nicolas Klutchnikoff

This paper deals with estimation with functional covariates. More precisely, we aim at estimating the regression function $m$ of a continuous outcome $Y$ against a standard Wiener coprocess $W$. Following Cadre and Truquet (2015) and Cadre, Klutchnikoff, and Massiot (2017) the Wiener-It\^o decomposition of $m(W)$ is used to construct a family of estimators.

Evgeniia Iakhnis, Adam Badawy

World leaders have been increasingly using social media platforms as a tool for political communication. However, despite the growing research on governmental accounts on social media, virtually nothing is known about interactions among world leaders. Using a novel, cross-national dataset of Twitter communication for leaders of 193 countries for the period o

Bilal Kartal, Pablo Hernandez-Leal, Matthew E. Taylor

Deep reinforcement learning has achieved great successes in recent years, however, one main challenge is the sample inefficiency. In this paper, we focus on how to use action guidance by means of a non-expert demonstrator to improve sample efficiency in a domain with sparse, delayed, and possibly deceptive rewards: the recently-proposed multi-agent benchmark

Konrad Szymański, Krzysztof Pawłowski

System consisting of a number of trapped atoms evolving under the influence of external inhomogenous magnetic field undergoes spin dephasing: classically, since each atom feels different field along its trajectory, the spin rotation rates differ; as a result the average spin decays. In a quantum mechanical context this corresponds to entanglement of spin and

P. P. Avelino, B. F. de Oliveira, R. S. Trintin

We revisit the problem of the predominance of the 'weakest' species in the context of Lotka-Volterra and May-Leonard implementations of a spatial stochastic rock-paper-scissors model in which one of the species has its predation probability reduced by $0 < \mathcal{P}_w < 1$. We show that,despite the different population dynamics and spatial patterns, these

Shixiao W. Jiang, Gregor Kovačič, Douglas Zhou

We develop a weakly nonlinear model to study the spatiotemporal manifestation and the dynamical behavior of surface waves in the presence of an underlying interfacial solitary wave in a two-layer fluid system. We show that interfacial solitary-wave solutions of this model can capture the ubiquitous broadening of large-amplitude internal waves in the ocean. I

Gabriel Jonas Aguiar, Everton José Santana, Saulo Martiello Mastelini, Rafael Gomes Mantovani

Several multi-target regression methods were devel-oped in the last years aiming at improving predictive performanceby exploring inter-target correlation within the problem. However, none of these methods outperforms the others for all problems. This motivates the development of automatic approachesto recommend the most suitable multi-target regression metho

Matheus S. Palmero, Gabriel I. Díaz, Peter V. E. McClintock, Edson D. Leonel

We show that, in strongly chaotic dynamical systems, the average particle velocity can be calculated analytically by consideration of Brownian dynamics in phase space, the method of images and use of the classical diffusion equation. The method is demonstrated on the simplified Fermi-Ulam accelerator model, which has a mixed phase space with chaotic seas, in

Nicholas Proudfoot, Eric Ramos

We study the category whose objects are graphs of fixed genus and whose morphisms are contractions. We show that the corresponding contravariant module categories are Noetherian and we study two families of modules over these categories. The first takes a graph to a graded piece of the homology of its unordered configuration space and the second takes a grap

Johannes Aichele, Bruno Giammarinaro, Michael Reinwald, Goulven Le Moign

We experimentally observe the shear and secondary compression wave inside soft porous water-saturated melamine foams by high frame rate ultrasound imaging. Both wave speeds are supported by the weak frame of the foam. The first and second compression waves show opposite polarity, as predicted by Biot theory. Our experiments have direct implications for medic

Dongxing Yu, Jiyong Kang, Jamal Berakdar, Chenglong Jia

Electric control of magnetic vortex dynamics in a reproducible way and on an ultrafast time scale is key element in the quest for efficient spintronic devices with low-energy consumption. To be useful the control scheme should ideally be swift, scalable, non-invasive, and resulting in reliable magnetic switching. Such requirements and in particular the repro

Aviv Ovadya, Jess Whittlestone

The aim of this paper is to facilitate nuanced discussion around research norms and practices to mitigate the harmful impacts of advances in machine learning (ML). We focus particularly on the use of ML to create "synthetic media" (e.g. to generate or manipulate audio, video, images, and text), and the question of what publication and release processes aroun

J. E. Hirsch

A type I superconductor expels a magnetic field from its interior to a surface layer of thickness $\lambda_L$, the London penetration depth. $\lambda_L$ is a function of temperature, becoming smaller as the temperature decreases. Here we analyze the process of cooling (or heating) a type I superconductor in a magnetic field, with the system remaining always

Noor Almaadeed, Omar Elharrouss, Somaya Al-Maadeed, Ahmed Bouridane

Human actions in videos are 3D signals. However, there are a few methods available for multiple human action recognition. For long videos, it's difficult to search within a video for a specific action and/or person. For that, this paper proposes a new technic for multiple human action recognition and summarization for surveillance videos. The proposed approa

Mayank Chadha, Michael D. Todd

This paper deals with the concept of curvature of framed space curves, their higher-order derivatives, variations, and co-rotational derivatives. We realize that parametrizing rotation tensor using the Gibbs vector is effective in deriving a closed form formula to obtain any order derivative of the curvature tensor as the summation of functions of the parame

Louis Marceau, Lingling Qiu, Nick Vandewiele, Eric Charton

Training models on highly unbalanced data is admitted to be a challenging task for machine learning algorithms. Current studies on deep learning mainly focus on data sets with balanced class labels or unbalanced data, but with massive amount of samples available, like in speech recognition. However, the capacities of deep learning on imbalanced data with lit

CMS Collaboration

A measurement of the inclusive cross section of top quark pair production in association with a Z boson using proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV at the LHC is performed. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 77.5 fb$^{-1}$, collected by the CMS experiment during 2016 and 2017. The measurement is performed using

Quentin Schaeverbeke, Rémi Avriller, Thomas Frederiksen, Fabio Pistolesi

Recent scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) experiments reported single-molecule fluorescence induced by tunneling currents in the nanoplasmonic cavity formed by the STM tip and the substrate.The electric field of the cavity mode couples with the current-induced charge fluctuations of the molecule, allowing the excitation of the mode. We investigate theoreti

Maciek Wielgus

We investigate three-dimensional relativistic trajectories of test particles in the spacetime of a slowly rotating compact star, under the combined influence of gravity and a strong, near-Eddington radiation field. While in the static case a spherically symmetric shell of matter suspended above the stellar surface can be formed at the location of radial equi

Nayla Farouki, Philippe Grangier

After reminding the main issues at stake in the famous Einstein-Bohr debate initiated in 1935, we tentatively propose a way to get them closer, thus shedding a new light on this historical discussion.

Austin Schneider

The IceCube neutrino observatory has established the existence of an astrophysical diffuse neutrino component above $100$ TeV. This discovery was made using the high-energy starting event sample, which uses the outer layer of instrumented volume as a veto to significantly reduce atmospheric background. We present the latest astrophysical neutrino flux measur

Thinh T. Doan, Siva Theja Maguluri, Justin Romberg

We study the policy evaluation problem in multi-agent reinforcement learning, modeled by a Markov decision process. In this problem, the agents operate in a common environment under a fixed control policy, working together to discover the value (global discounted accumulative reward) associated with each environmental state. Over a series of time steps, the

Enamul Hoque, Maneesh Agrawala

We present a search engine for D3 visualizations that allows queries based on their visual style and underlying structure. To build the engine we crawl a collection of 7860 D3 visualizations from the Web and deconstruct each one to recover its data, its data-encoding marks and the encodings describing how the data is mapped to visual attributes of the marks.

Leila Marandi, Mansour Naslcheraghi, Seyed Ali Ghorashi, Mohammad Shikh-Bahaei

Heterogeneous networks (HetNets) as a combination of macro cells and small cells are used to increase the cellular network's capacity, and present a perfect solution for high-speed communications. Increasing area spectrum efficiency and capacity of HetNets largely depends on the high speed of backhaul links. One effective way which is currently utilized in H

Sergio Davis

Superstatistics is a framework in nonequilibrium statistical mechanics that successfully describes a wide variety of complex systems, including hydrodynamic turbulence, weakly-collisional plasmas, cosmic rays, power grid fluctuations, among several others. In this work we analyze the class of nonequilibrium steady-state systems consisting of a subsystem and

Wenlong Wang, Rogelio Díaz-Méndez, Raudys Capdevila

The aim of this work is to present a formulation to solve the one-dimensional Ising model using the elementary technique of mathematical induction. This formulation is physically clear and leads to the same partition function form as the transfer matrix method, which is a common subject in the introductory courses of statistical mechanics. In this way our fo

Chenru Duan, Chang-Yu Hsieh, Junjie Liu, Jianshu Cao

Understanding non-equilibrium heat transport is crucial for controling heat flow in nano-scale systems. We study thermal energy transfer in a generalized non-equilibrium spin-boson model (NESB) with non-commutative system-bath coupling operators and discover unusual transport properties. Compared to the conventional NESB, the heat current is greatly enhanced

Alexia Auffèves, Philippe Grangier

In previous articles we presented a derivation of Born's rule and unitary transforms in Quantum Mechanics (QM), from a simple set of axioms built upon a physical phenomenology of quantization. Physically, the structure of QM results of an interplay between the quantized number of "modalities" accessible to a quantum system, and the continuum of "contexts" re

Yen-Chia Hsu, Illah Nourbakhsh

Human-computer interaction (HCI) studies the design and use of interfaces and interactive systems. HCI has been adopted successfully in modern commercial products. Recently, its use for promoting social good and pursuing sustainability, known as sustainable HCI, has begun to receive wide attention. Conventionally, scientists and decision-makers apply top-dow

Dmitry A. Duev, Ashish Mahabal, Frank J. Masci, Matthew J. Graham

Efficient automated detection of flux-transient, reoccurring flux-variable, and moving objects is increasingly important for large-scale astronomical surveys. We present braai, a convolutional-neural-network, deep-learning real/bogus classifier designed to separate genuine astrophysical events and objects from false positive, or bogus, detections in the data

M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson, S. Ahmed

The four decay modes $D^{0}\to\phi\pi^{0}$, $D^{0}\to\phi\eta$, $D^{+}\to\phi\pi^{+}$, and $D^{+}\to\phi K^{+}$ are studied by using a data sample taken at the centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 3.773$~GeV~with the BESIII detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb$^{-1}$. The branching fractions of the first three decay modes are measured

Joan R. Najita

How should we invest our available resources to best sustain astronomy's track record of discovery, established over the past few decades? Two strong hints come from (1) our history of astronomical discoveries and (2) literature citation patterns that reveal how discovery and development activities in science are strong functions of team size. These argue th

Abraham Mauleon-Amieva, Majid Mosayebi, James E. Hallett, Francesco Turci

Swimmers and self-propelled particles are physical models for the collective behaviour and motility of a wide variety of living systems, such as bacteria colonies, bird flocks and fish schools. Such artificial active materials are amenable to physical models which reveal the microscopic mechanisms underlying the collective behaviour. Here we study colloids i

Stefano Lanza, Fernando Marchesano, Luca Martucci, Dmitri Sorokin

We extend the recent construction of 4d $\mathcal{N}=1$ three-form Lagrangians by including the most general three-form multiplets necessary to reproduce any F-term potential in string flux compactifications. In this context we find an obstruction to dualize all fluxes to three-forms in the effective field theory. This implies that, generically, a single EFT

Christian Eistrup, Catherine Walsh, Ewine F. van Dishoeck

[Abridged] With a growing number of molecules observed in many comets, and an improved understanding of chemical evolution in protoplanetary disk midplanes, comparisons can be made between models and observations that could potentially constrain the formation histories of comets. A $\chi^{2}$-method was used to determine maximum likelihood surfaces for 14 di

V. Cirigliano, W. Dekens, J. de Vries, M. L. Graesser

The process at the heart of neutrinoless double-beta decay, $nn \rightarrow p p\, e^- e^-$ induced by a light Majorana neutrino, is investigated in pionless and chiral effective field theory. We show in various regularization schemes the need to introduce a short-range lepton-number-violating operator at leading order, confirming earlier findings. We demonst

Daniel Alsina, Mohsen Razavi

We extend the relation between absolutely maximally entangled (AME) states and quantum maximum distance separable (QMDS) codes by constructing whole families of QMDS codes from their parent AME states. We introduce a reduction-friendly form for the generator set of the stabilizer representation of an AME state, from which the stabilizer form for children cod

Maayane T. Soumagnac, Noam Ganot, Ido Irani, Avishay Gal-yam

High cadence transient surveys are able to capture supernovae closer to their first light than before. Applying analytical models to such early emission, we can constrain the progenitor stars properties. In this paper, we present observations of SN2018fif (ZTF18abokyfk). The supernova was discovered close to first light and monitored by the Zwicky Transient

Seth Gossage, Charlie Conroy, Aaron Dotter, Ivan Cabrera-Ziri

The extended main sequence turn offs (eMSTOs) of several young to intermediate age clusters are examined in the Magellanic Clouds and the Milky Way. We explore the effects of extended star formation (eSF) and a range of stellar rotation rates on the behavior of the color-magnitude diagram (CMD), paying particular attention to the MSTO. We create synthetic st

Alexander Arth, Julius Donnert, Ulrich Steinwandel, Ludwig Böss

We present a novel and fast application to generate glass-like initial conditions for Lagrangian hydrodynamic schemes (e.g. Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH)) following arbitrary density models based on weighted Voronoi tessellations and combine it with improved initial configurations and an additional particle reshuffling scheme. We show our application

Clément Berthiere, William Witczak-Krempa

Quantum many-body systems have a rich structure in the presence of boundaries. We study the groundstates of conformal field theories (CFTs) and Lifshitz field theories in the presence of a boundary through the lens of the entanglement entropy. For a family of theories in general dimensions, we relate the universal terms in the entanglement entropy of the bul

J. Casalderrey-Solana, G. Milhano, D. Pablos, K. Rajagopal

We present an analysis of the role that the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) resolution length, the minimal distance by which two nearby colored charges in a jet must be separated such that they engage with the plasma independently, plays in understanding the modification of jet substructure due to interaction with QGP. We identify a set of observables that are sens

Rajeev S. Erramilli, Luca V. Iliesiu, Petr Kravchuk

We derive closed-form expressions for all ingredients of the Zamolodchikov-like recursion relation for general spinning conformal blocks in 3-dimensional conformal field theory. This result opens a path to efficient automatic generation of conformal block tables, which has immediate applications in numerical conformal bootstrap program. Our derivation is bas

Chengcheng Xin, Maria Charisi, Zoltan Haiman, David Schiminovich

The bright quasar PG1302-102 has been identified as a candidate supermassive black hole binary from its near-sinusoidal optical variability. While the significance of its optical periodicity has been debated due to the stochastic variability of quasars, its multi-wavelength variability in the ultraviolet (UV) and optical bands is consistent with relativistic

Emily M. Levesque, Lisa Prato, Christopher Sneden, Jason W. Barnes

The American Astronomical Society (AAS) Journals are a vital asset of our professional society. With the push towards open access, page charges are a viable and sustainable option for continuing to effectively fund and publish the AAS Journals. However, the existing page charge model, which requires individual authors to pay page charges out of their grants

J. P. Nogueira-Cavalcante, R. Dupke, P. Coelho, M. L. L. Dantas

In a framework where galaxies mostly migrate on the colour-magnitude diagram from star-forming to quiescent, the green valley is considered a transitional galaxy stage. The details of the processes that drive galaxies from star-forming to passive systems still remain unknown. We developed a method that estimates empirically the star formation quenching times

Martyna Chruslinska, Gijs Nelemans

Metallicity is one of the crucial factors that determine stellar evolution. To characterize the properties of stellar populations one needs to know the fraction of stars forming at different metallicities. Knowing how this fraction evolves over time is necessary e.g. to estimate the rates of occurrence of any stellar evolution related phenomena (e.g. double

Yunfeng Jiang, Shota Komatsu, Edoardo Vescovi

We introduce a nonperturbative approach to correlation functions of two determinant operators and one non-protected single-trace operator in planar N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. Based on the gauge/string duality, we propose that they correspond to overlaps on the string worldsheet between an integrable boundary state and a state dual to the single-tr

A. Vigan, M. N'Diaye, K. Dohlen, J. -F. Sauvage

Second-generation exoplanet imagers using extreme adaptive optics and coronagraphy have demonstrated their great potential for studying close circumstellar environments and for detecting new companions and helping to understand their physical properties. However, at very small angular separation, their performance in contrast is limited by several factors: d

Mikkel N. Lund

A better understanding of the amplitudes of stellar oscillation modes and surface granulation is essential for improving theories of mode physics and the properties of the outer convection zone of solar-like stars. A proper prediction of these amplitudes is also essential for appraising the detectability of solar-like oscillations for asteroseismic analysis.

Johan Samsing, Daniel J. D'Orazio, Kyle Kremer, Carl L. Rodriguez

We study the formation rate of binary black hole mergers formed through gravitational-wave emission between unbound, single black holes in globular clusters. While the formation of these binaries in very dense systems such as galactic nuclei has been well studied, we show here that this process can operate in lower-density stellar systems as well, forming bi

Falk Hassler, Jonathan J. Heckman, Thomas B. Rochais, Tom Rudelius

Recent work on 6D superconformal field theories (SCFTs) has established an intricate correspondence between certain Higgs branch deformations and nilpotent orbits of flavor symmetry algebras associated with T-branes. In this paper, we return to the stringy origin of these theories and show that many aspects of these deformations can be understood in terms of

Mateusz Fedoryszak, Brent Frederick, Vijay Rajaram, Changtao Zhong

Social networks are quickly becoming the primary medium for discussing what is happening around real-world events. The information that is generated on social platforms like Twitter can produce rich data streams for immediate insights into ongoing matters and the conversations around them. To tackle the problem of event detection, we model events as a list o