July 2019 arXiv papers — page 37

M. Avesani, L. Calderaro, M. Schiavon, A. Stanco

The future envisaged global-scale quantum communication network will comprise various nodes interconnected via optical fibers or free-space channels, depending on the link distance. The free-space segment of such a network should guarantee certain key requirements, such as daytime operation and the compatibility with the complementary telecom-based fiber inf

Jose Beltrán Jiménez, Konstantinos F. Dialektopoulos

We revisit the field content and consistency of the New General Relativity family of theories. These theories are constructed in a geometrical framework with a flat and metric-compatible connection, so the affine structure is entirely determined by the torsion. The action is given by a local and parity-preserving quadratic form of the torsion with three free

ATLAS Collaboration

A search for long-lived particles decaying into an oppositely charged lepton pair, $\mu\mu$, $ee$, or $e\mu$, is presented using 32.8 fb$^{-1}$ of $pp$ collision data collected at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Candidate leptons are required to form a vertex, within the inner tracking volume of ATLAS, displaced from the primary $pp$ inte

Paolo Amore

We have obtained explicit integral expressions for the sums of inverse powers of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian on a unit sphere, in presence of an arbitrary variable density. The exact expressions for the sum rules are obtained by properly "renormalizing" the series, excluding the divergent contribution of the vanishing lowest eigenvalue. For a non--trivi

Giacomo Cavini, Domenico Seminara, Jacopo Sisti, Erik Tonni

We study the divergent terms and the finite term in the expansion of the holographic entanglement entropy as the ultraviolet cutoff vanishes for smooth spatial regions having arbitrary shape, when the gravitational background is a four dimensional asymptotically Lifshitz spacetime with hyperscaling violation, in a certain range of the hyperscaling parameter.

Stavros Akras, Lizette Guzman-Ramirez, Denise R. Gonçalves

Planetary nebulae (PNe) are strong H$\alpha$ line-emitters and a lot of new PNe discoveries have been made by the SuperCOSMOS AAO/UKST H$\alpha$ Survey (SHS) and the Isaac Newton Telescope Photometric H$\alpha$ Survey (IPHAS). However, the list of auto-generated H$\alpha$-excess candidates from these surveys as well as any photometric survey, prior to spectr

Aran Tattar

We define torsion pairs for quasi-abelian categories and give several characterisations. We show that many of the torsion theoretic concepts translate from abelian categories to quasi-abelian categories. As an application, we generalise the recently defined algebraic Harder-Narasimhan filtrations to quasi-abelian categories.

Alexandru Chirvasitu, Frieder Ladisch, Pablo Soberón

We study properties of the realizations of groups as the combinatorial automorphism group of a convex polytope. We show that for any non-abelian group $G$ with a central involution there is a centrally symmetric polytope with $G$ as its combinatorial automorphisms. We show that for each integer $n$, there are groups that cannot be realized as the combinatori

Athira PV, A Manu

Classical double copy is an intriguing relationship between classical solutions to a gravity theory and solutions to classical Yang-Mills equations. Although formally inspired by the double copy relation between (quantum) scattering amplitudes in QCD and perturbative gravity, a direct proof of the former from the latter continues to be under investigation. I

Pei-Hong Gu

In the type-II seesaw mechanism, the neutrino mass generation could be tested experimentally if the Higgs triplet is at the TeV scale and has a small cubic coupling to the standard model Higgs doublet. We show such small triplet-doublet coupling and the cosmic baryon asymmetry can be simultaneously induced by an additional seesaw mechanism involving a $U(1)_

Pei-Hong Gu

The $SU(3)_c^{}\times SU(2)_L^{} \times U(1)_Y^{}$ standard model is extended by a $U(1)_{B-L}^{}$ gauge symmetry with four right-handed neutrinos. Because of their Yukawa couplings to a Higgs singlet for spontaneously breaking the $U(1)_{B-L}^{}$ symmetry, two right-handed neutrinos can form a Dirac fermion to become a stable dark matter particle. Meanwhile

Sören Schlichting, Dominik Smith, Lorenz von Smekal

We calculate spectral functions of the relativistic $O(4)$ model from real-time lattice simulations in classical-statistical field theory. While in the low and high temperature phase of the model, the spectral functions of longitudinal $(\sigma)$ and transverse $(\pi)$ modes are well described by relativistic quasi-particle peaks, we find a highly non-trivia

Josep Àlvarez Montaner, Daniel J. Hernández, Jack Jeffries, Luis Núñez-Betancourt

This paper investigates the existence and properties of a Bernstein-Sato functional equation in nonregular settings. In particular, we construct $D$-modules in which such formal equations can be studied. The existence of the Bernstein-Sato polynomial for a direct summand of a polynomial over a field is proved in this context. It is observed that this polynom

Shao-Yuan Lo, Hsueh-Ming Hang

Typical convolutional networks are trained and conducted on RGB images. However, images are often compressed for memory savings and efficient transmission in real-world applications. In this paper, we explore methods for performing semantic segmentation on the discrete cosine transform (DCT) representation defined by the JPEG standard. We first rearrange the

Florian Kluger, Hanno Ackermann, Michael Ying Yang, Bodo Rosenhahn

The horizon line is an important geometric feature for many image processing and scene understanding tasks in computer vision. For instance, in navigation of autonomous vehicles or driver assistance, it can be used to improve 3D reconstruction as well as for semantic interpretation of dynamic environments. While both algorithms and datasets exist for single

Hannah Roberts, Caspar van Lissa, Paulien Hagedoorn, Ian Kellar

Research suggests that exposure to the natural environment can improve mood, however, current reviews are limited in scope and there is little understanding of moderators. We aimed to conduct a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis of the evidence for the effect of short-term exposure to the natural environment on depressive mood. Five databases

Haoyang Liu, Chao Gao, Richard J. Samworth

We study the detection of a sparse change in a high-dimensional mean vector as a minimax testing problem. Our first main contribution is to derive the exact minimax testing rate across all parameter regimes for $n$ independent, $p$-variate Gaussian observations. This rate exhibits a phase transition when the sparsity level is of order $\sqrt{p \log \log (8n)

Johannes Engelmayer, Xiao Lin, Fulya Koç, Christoph P. Grams

We report on a thermal-expansion study of the ferroelectric phase transition in insulating Sr$_{1-x}$Ca$_x$TiO$_3$ ($x=0.009$) and its evolution upon increasing charge-carrier concentration up to $n\simeq 60 \times 10^{19}$cm$^{-3}$. Although electric polarization is screened by mobile charge carriers, we find clear signatures of the ferroelectric phase tran

Alexandru Chirvasitu, Benjamin Passer, Mariusz Tobolski

We explore the recently introduced local-triviality dimensions by studying gauge actions on graph $C^*$-algebras, as well as the restrictions of the gauge action to finite cyclic subgroups. For $C^*$-algebras of finite acyclic graphs and finite cycles, we characterize the finiteness of these dimensions, and we further study the gauge actions on many examples

Catalina Obando, Charlotte Rosso, Joshua Siegel, Maurizio Corbetta

Plasticity after stroke is a complex phenomenon initiated by the functional reorganization of the brain, especially in the perilesional tissue. At macroscales, the reestablishment of segregation within the affected hemisphere and interhemispheric integration has been extensively documented in the reconfiguration of brain networks. However, the local connecti

Lennart Klebl, Carsten Honerkamp

The nature of the insulating and superconducting states in twisted bilayer graphene systems is intensely debated. While many works seek for explanations in the few flat bands near the Fermi level, theory and a number of experiments suggest that nontwisted bilayer graphene systems do exhibit - or are at least close to - an ordered, insulating ground state rel

Tal Hakim, Ilan Shimshoni

The task of assessing movement quality has recently gained high demand in a variety of domains. The ability to automatically assess subject movement in videos that were captured by affordable devices, such as Kinect cameras, is essential for monitoring clinical rehabilitation processes, for improving motor skills and for movement learning tasks. The need to

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta, B. Adeva

A measurement of the time-dependent CP-violating asymmetry in $B_s^0\rightarrow\phi\phi$ decays is presented. Using a sample of proton-proton collision data corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $5.0$fb$^{-1}$ collected by the $\mbox{LHCb}$ experiment at centre-of-mass energies $\sqrt{s} = 7$ TeV in 2011, 8 TeV in 2012 and 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016, a s

Eli Barkai, Stanislav Burov

Brownian motion is a Gaussian process described by the central limit theorem. However, exponential decays of the positional probability density function $P(X,t)$ of packets of spreading random walkers, were observed in numerous situations that include glasses, live cells and bacteria suspensions. We show that such exponential behavior is generally valid in a

Yu Zhang, Uwe Bergmann, Robert W. Schoenlein, Munira Khalil

With the help of newly developed X-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) sources, creating double core holes simultaneously at the same or different atomic sites in a molecule has now become possible. Double core hole (DCH) X-ray emission is a new form of X-ray nonlinear spectroscopy that can be studied with a XFEL. Here we computationally explore the metal K-edge

Laura Merker, Torsten Ueckerdt

We introduce the novel concepts of local and union book embeddings, and, as the corresponding graph parameters, the local page number ${\rm pn}_\ell(G)$ and the union page number ${\rm pn}_u(G)$. Both parameters are relaxations of the classical page number ${\rm pn}(G)$, and for every graph $G$ we have ${\rm pn}_\ell(G) \leq {\rm pn}_u(G) \leq {\rm pn}(G)$.

Mouktik Raha, Songtao Chen, Christopher M. Phenicie, Salim Ourari

Optically-interfaced spins in the solid state are a promising platform for quantum technologies. A crucial component of these systems is high-fidelity, projective measurement of the spin state. In previous work with laser-cooled atoms and ions, and solid-state defects, this has been accomplished using fluorescence on an optical cycling transition; however, c

Amol Aggarwal

In this paper we consider uniformly random lozenge tilings of arbitrary domains approximating (after suitable normalization) a closed, simply-connected subset of $\mathbb{R}^2$ with piecewise smooth, simple boundary. We show that the local statistics of this model around any point in the liquid region of its limit shape are given by the infinite-volume, tran

Margaret Beck, Graham Cox, Christopher Jones, Yuri Latushkin

A characterization of a semilinear elliptic partial differential equation (PDE) on a bounded domain in $\mathbb{R}^n$ is given in terms of an infinite-dimensional dynamical system. The dynamical system is on the space of boundary data for the PDE. This is a novel approach to elliptic problems that enables the use of dynamical systems tools in studying the co

Shammi Tahura, Kent Yagi, Zack Carson

The detection of gravitational waves has offered us the opportunity to explore the dynamical and strong-field regime of gravity. Because matched filtering is more sensitive to variations in the gravitational waveform phase than the amplitude, many tests of gravity with gravitational waves have been carried out using only the former. Such studies cannot probe

Chen Chen, Carlo Biffi, Giacomo Tarroni, Steffen Petersen

Cardiac MR image segmentation is essential for the morphological and functional analysis of the heart. Inspired by how experienced clinicians assess the cardiac morphology and function across multiple standard views (i.e. long- and short-axis views), we propose a novel approach which learns anatomical shape priors across different 2D standard views and lever

Gonzalo De Polsi, Matthieu Tissier, Nicolás Wschebor

It is widely expected that, for a large class of models, scale invariance implies conformal invariance. A sufficient condition for this to happen is that there exists no integrated vector operator, invariant under all internal symmetries of the model, with scaling dimension $-1$. In this article, we compute the scaling dimensions of vector operators with low

Akrati Saxena, Pratishtha Saxena, Harita Reddy, Ralucca Gera

Do studies show that physical and online students' social networks support education? Analyzing interactions between students in schools and universities can provide a wealth of information. Studies on students' social networks can help us understand their behavioral dynamics, the correlation between their friendships and academic performance, community and

Jianli Luan, Kaiyi Guo, Shangyang Li, Tianxing Ma

We combined periodic ripples and electrostatic potentials to form curved graphene superlattices and studied the effects of space-dependent Fermi velocity induced from curvature on their electronic properties. With equal periods and symmetric potentials, the Dirac points do not move, but their locations shift under asymmetric potentials. This shift can be tun

Farid Ghareh Mohammadi, Farzan Shenavarmasouleh, M. Hadi Amini, Hamid R. Arabnia

Steganography algorithms facilitate communication between a source and a destination in a secret manner. This is done by embedding messages/text/data into images without impacting the appearance of the resultant images/videos. Steganalysis is the science of determining if an image has secret messages embedded/hidden in it. Because there are numerous steganog

Yi Huang, Robert C. Penner, Anton M. Zeitlin

The authors derive a McShane identity for once-punctured super tori. Relying upon earlier work on super Teichm\"uller theory by the last two-named authors, they further develop the supergeometry of these surfaces and establish asymptotic growth rate of their length spectra.

Austin Gilliam, Charlene Venci, Sreraman Muralidharan, Vitaliy Dorum

We present a number of quantum computing patterns that build on top of fundamental algorithms, that can be applied to solving concrete, NP-hard problems. In particular, we introduce the concept of a quantum dictionary as a summation of multiple patterns and algorithms, and show how it can be applied in the context of Quadratic Unconstrained Binary Optimizati

Andreas Brendel, Thomas Haubner, Walter Kellermann

We present a Maximum A Posteriori (MAP) derivation of the Independent Vector Analysis (IVA) algorithm, a blind source separation algorithm, by incorporating a prior over the demixing matrices, relying on a free-field model. In this way, the outer permutation ambiguity of IVA is avoided. The resulting MAP optimization problem is solved by deriving majorize-mi

Luis Puente, Carlos Cocha, Clara Rojas

We present a new potential barrier that presents the phenomenon of superradiance when the reflection coefficient $R$ is greater than one. We calculated the transmission and reflection coefficients for three different regions. The results are compared with those obtained for the hyperbolic tangent potential barrier and the step potential barrier. We also pres

Artur Alho, Simone Calogero

The existence of static self-gravitating Newtonian elastic balls is proved under general assumptions on the constitutive equations of the elastic material. The proof uses methods from the theory of finite-dimensional dynamical systems and the Euler formulation of elasticity theory for spherically symmetric bodies introduced recently by the authors. Examples

G. Mathys, I. I. Romanyuk, S. Hubrig, D. O. Kudryavtsev

Context. One of the keys to understanding the origin of the Ap stars and their significance in the general context of stellar astrophysics is the consideration of the most extreme properties displayed by some of them. In that context, HD 965 is particularly interesting, as it combines some of the most pronounced chemical peculiarities with one of the longest

A. A. Godizov

It is demonstrated that the elastic diffractive scattering of nucleons at collision energies higher than 540 GeV and transferred momenta lower than 2 GeV, including the Coulomb-nuclear interference region, can be described in the framework of a very simple Regge-eikonal model where the eikonal is just a sum of two supercritical Regge pole terms. The predicti

Ilane Schroetter, Nicolas F. Bouché, Johannes Zabl, Thierry Contini

We present results from our on-going MusE GAs FLOw and Wind (MEGAFLOW) survey, which consists of 22 quasar lines-of-sight, each observed with the integral field unit (IFU) MUSE and the UVES spectrograph at the ESO Very Large Telescopes (VLT). The goals of this survey are to study the properties of the circum-galactic medium around $z\sim1$ star-forming galax

Dimitrie Culcer, Aydin Cem Keser, Yongqing Li, Grigory Tkachov

We review theoretical and experimental highlights in transport in two-dimensional materials focussing on key developments over the last five years. Topological insulators are finding applications in magnetic devices, while Hall transport in doped samples and the general issue of topological protection remain controversial. In transition metal dichalcogenides

Alexander Dubov, Victor V. Dubov, Sergei P. Roshchupkin

The actual theoretical research investigates the resonant spontaneous bremsstrahlung (RSB) of ultrarelativistic electrons under the condition of scattering on a nucleus in the field of a weak electromagnetic wave. The progression of the functional mechanism indicates the transformation of the intermediate virtual electron into the real particle state. As a r

Aram W. Harrow, Annie Y. Wei

Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms have important applications in counting problems and in machine learning problems, settings that involve estimating quantities that are difficult to compute exactly. How much can quantum computers speed up classical Markov chain algorithms? In this work we consider the problem of speeding up simulated annealing algorithms,

A. Bershadskii

Role of the dissipative invariants in isotropic homogeneous MHD turbulence has been studied using the distributed chaos approach and results of direct numerical simulations. Effects of weak imposed mean magnetic field and magnetic fields in undisturbed solar photosphere are also briefly discussed in this context.

Yu Liu, Panyue Zhou

In this paper, we study a close relationship between relative cluster tilting theory in extriangulated categories and tau-tilting theory in module categories. Our main results show that relative rigid objects are in bijection with $\tau$-rigid pairs, and also relative maximal rigid objects with support tau-tilting pairs under some assumptions. These results

Jorge Fernández-Pendás, Karl Landsteiner

We compute anomalous transport phenomena sourced by vector and axial magnetic fields in out of equilibrium setups produced by Vaidya background metrics in holography. We use generalized Vaidya metrics that include momentum relaxation induced by massless scalar fields. While the background metric and gauge field show formally instantaneous thermalization the

Rafael R. Del Grande, Alexandre F. da Fonseca, Rodrigo B. Capaz

Single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) are best known in their hollow cylindrical shapes, but the ground state of large-diameter tubes actually corresponds to a collapsed dumbbell-like structure, where the opposite sides of the nanotube wall are brought in contact and stabilized by van der Waals attraction. For those tubes, the cylindrical shape is metastable

Benito A. Juárez-Aubry, Tonatiuh Miramontes, Daniel Sudarsky

Motivated by the initial value problem in semiclassical gravity, we study the initial value problem of a system consisting of a quantum scalar field weakly interacting with a classical one. The quantum field obeys a Klein-Gordon equation with a potential proportional to the classical field. The classical field obeys an inhomogeneous Klein-Gordon equation sou

Junjie Zeng, Tao Hou, Zhenhua Qiao, Wang-Kong Tse

We theoretically study the finite-size effects in the dynamical response of a quantum anomalous Hall insulator in the disk geometry. Semi-analytic and numerical results are obtained for the wavefunctions and energies of the disk within a continuum Dirac Hamiltonian description subject to a topological infinite mass boundary condition. Using the Kubo formula,

Olli Lupton, Mika Vesterinen

We explore the possibility of simultaneously determining the $W$ boson mass, $m_{W}$, and QCD-related nuisance parameters that affect the $W$ boson $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ spectrum from a fit to the $p_{\mathrm{T}}$ spectrum of the muon in the leptonic decay $W\rightarrow\mu\nu$. The study is performed using pseudodata generated using Pythia and the muon is require

Raissa M. D'Souza, Jesus Gómez-Gardeñes, Jan Nagler, Alex Arenas

The emergence of large-scale connectivity and synchronization are crucial to the structure, function and failure of many complex socio-technical networks. Thus, there is great interest in analyzing phase transitions to large-scale connectivity and to global synchronization, including how to enhance or delay the onset. These phenomena are traditionally studie

Michael Horodynski, Matthias Kühmayer, Andre Brandstötter, Kevin Pichler

The manipulation of small objects with light has become an indispensable tool in many areas of research ranging from physics to biology and medicine. Here we demonstrate how to implement micro-manipulation at the optimal level of efficiency for targets of arbitrary shape and inside complex environments such as disordered media. Our approach is to design wave

J. Beričič, L. Correa, M. Benali, P. Achenbach

Virtual Compton scattering on the proton has been investigated at three yet unexplored values of the four-momentum transfer $Q^2$: 0.10, 0.20 and 0.45 GeV$^2$, at the Mainz Microtron. Fits performed using either the low-energy theorem or dispersion relations allowed the extraction of the structure functions $P_{LL} -P_{TT} / \epsilon$ and $P_{LT}$, as well a

Zunwei Fu, Elodie Pozzi, Qingyan Wu

We establish the characterizations of commutators of several versions of maximal functions on spaces of homogeneous type. In addition, with the aid of interpolation theory, we provide weighted version of the commutator theorems by establishing new characterizations of the weighted BMO space. Finally, a concrete example shows the local version of commutators

Hongming Shan, Christopher Wiedeman, Ge Wang, Yang Yang

Photoacoustic tomography seeks to reconstruct an acoustic initial pressure distribution from the measurement of the ultrasound waveforms. Conventional methods assume a-prior knowledge of the sound speed distribution, which practically is unknown. One way to circumvent the issue is to simultaneously reconstruct both the acoustic initial pressure and speed. In

Rankeya Datta, Nicholas Switala, Wenliang Zhang

Let $R$ be a polynomial or formal power series ring with coefficients in a DVR $V$ of mixed characteristic with a uniformizer $\pi$. We prove that the $R$-module annihilator of any nonzero $\D(R,V)$-module is either zero or is generated by a power of $\pi$. In contrast to the equicharacteristic case, nonzero annihilators can occur; we give an example of a to

Jun Ge, Yanzhao Liu, Jiaheng Li, Hao Li

The quantum Hall effect (QHE) with quantized Hall resistance of h/{\nu}e2 starts the research on topological quantum states and lays the foundation of topology in physics. Afterwards, Haldane proposed the QHE without Landau levels, showing nonzero Chern number |C|=1, which has been experimentally observed at relatively low temperatures. For emerging physics

Stefan Ehard, Stefan Glock, Felix Joos

A celebrated theorem of Pippenger states that any almost regular hypergraph with small codegrees has an almost perfect matching. We show that one can find such an almost perfect matching which is `pseudorandom', meaning that, for instance, the matching contains as many edges from a given set of edges as predicted by a heuristic argument.

Danilo Avola, Luigi Cinque, Alessio Fagioli, Gian Luca Foresti

Affective computing is a field of great interest in many computer vision applications, including video surveillance, behaviour analysis, and human-robot interaction. Most of the existing literature has addressed this field by analysing different sets of face features. However, in the last decade, several studies have shown how body movements can play a key r

Mingjin Wang, Feifei Gao, Shi Jin, Hai Lin

In the past ten years, there have been tremendous research progresses on massive MIMO systems, most of which stand from the communications viewpoint. A new trend of investigating massive MIMO, especially for the sparse scenario like millimeter wave (mmWave) transmission, is to re-build the transceiver design from array signal processing viewpoint that could

Octavian-Eugen Ganea, Yashas Annadani, Gary Bécigneul

We take steps towards understanding the "posterior collapse (PC)" difficulty in variational autoencoders (VAEs),~i.e. a degenerate optimum in which the latent codes become independent of their corresponding inputs. We rely on calculus of variations and theoretically explore a few popular VAE models, showing that PC always occurs for non-parametric en

L. Schlegel, A. Frie, B. Eichmann, P. Reichherzer

Numerical simulations of the propagation of charged particles through magnetic fields solving the equation of motion often leads to the usage of an interpolation in case of discretely defined magnetic fields, typically given on a homogeneous grid structure. However, the interpolation method influences the magnetic field properties on the scales of the grid s

Xavier Porte, Louis Andreoli, Maxime Jacquot, Laurent Larger

The implementation of artificial neural networks in hardware substrates is a major interdisciplinary enterprise. Well suited candidates for physical implementations must combine nonlinear neurons with dedicated and efficient hardware solutions for both connectivity and training. Reservoir computing addresses the problems related with the network connectivity

Timothée Marquis, Marcin Sabok

We prove that for every finitely generated hyperbolic group $G$, the action of $G$ on its Gromov boundary induces a hyperfinite equivalence relation.

Antonin Delpeuch

We solve the word problem for free double categories without equations between generators by translating it to the word problem for 2-categories. This yields a quadratic algorithm deciding the equality of diagrams in a free double category. The translation is of interest in its own right since and can for instance be used to reason about double categories wi

S. Romiti, S. Simula

We present a fast and simple algorithm that allows the extraction of multiple exponential signals from the temporal dependence of correlation functions evaluated on the lattice including the statistical fluctuations of each signal and treating properly backward signals. The basic steps of the method are the inversion of appropriate matrices and the determina

Chenyu Jin, Jérémy Vachier, Soumya Bandyopadhyay, Tamara Macharashvili

We study the detention statistics of self-propelling droplet microswimmers attaching to microfluidic pillars. These droplets show negative autochemotaxis: they shed a persistent repulsive trail of spent fuel that biases them to detach from pillars of a certain size after orbiting them just once. We have designed a microfluidic assay recording swimmers in pil

Hans Lindblad, Jonas Luhrmann, Avy Soffer

We obtain sharp decay estimates and asymptotics for small solutions to the one-dimensional Klein-Gordon equation with constant coefficient cubic and spatially localized, variable coefficient cubic nonlinearities. Vector-field techniques to deal with the long-range nature of the cubic nonlinearity become problematic in the presence of variable coefficients. W

C. L. Nehl, R. J. Umstattd, W. R. Regan, S. C. Hsu

This paper provides a retrospective of the ALPHA (Accelerating Low-cost Plasma Heating and Assembly) fusion program of the Advanced Research Projects Agency-Energy (ARPA-E) of the U.S. Department of Energy. ALPHA's objective was to catalyze research and development efforts to enable substantially lower-cost pathways to economical fusion power. To do this in

J. M. Mazon, M. Solera, J. Toledo

In this paper we study the $(BV,L^p)$-decomposition, $p=1,2$, of functions in metric random walk spaces, a general workspace that includes weighted graphs and nonlocal models used in image processing. We obtain the Euler-Lagrange equations of the corresponding variational problems and their gradient flows. In the case $p=1$ we also study the associated geome

Jonny O'Dwyer

Continuous affect prediction involves the discrete time-continuous regression of affect dimensions. Dimensions to be predicted often include arousal and valence. Continuous affect prediction researchers are now embracing multimodal model input. This provides motivation for researchers to investigate previously unexplored affective cues. Speech-based cues hav

Lavi Kumar Upreti, Clément Evain, Stephane Randoux, Pierre Suret

We propose a generic scattering matrix model implementable in photonics to engineer a new Floquet metallic phase that combines two distinct topological properties: the winding of the bulk bands and the existence of robust chiral edge states. The winding of the bulk bands gives rise to a wavepacket oscillations in real space while conserving its initial momen

Ringi Kim, Sang-il Oum, Xin Zhang

An equitable $k$-partition of a graph $G$ is a collection of induced subgraphs $(G[V_1],G[V_2],\ldots,G[V_k])$ of $G$ such that $(V_1,V_2,\ldots,V_k)$ is a partition of $V(G)$ and $-1\le |V_i|-|V_j|\le 1$ for all $1\le i<j\le k$. We prove that every planar graph admits an equitable $2$-partition into $3$-degenerate graphs, an equitable $3$-partition into $2$

Saddam Hijazi, Giovanni Stabile, Andrea Mola, Gianluigi Rozza

In this work we present a Reduced Order Model which is specifically designed to deal with turbulent flows in a finite volume setting. The method used to build the reduced order model is based on the idea of merging/combining projection-based techniques with data-driven reduction strategies. In particular, the work presents a mixed strategy that exploits a da

Baldwin Nsonga, Gerik Scheuermann, Stefan Gumhold, Jordi Ventosa-Molina

Turbines are essential components of jet planes and power plants. Therefore, their efficiency and service life are of central engineering interest. In the case of jet planes or thermal power plants, the heating of the turbines due to the hot gas flow is critical. Besides effective cooling, it is a major goal of engineers to minimize heat transfer between gas

Ziyun Wang, Brenden M. Lake

People ask questions that are far richer, more informative, and more creative than current AI systems. We propose a neuro-symbolic framework for modeling human question asking, which represents questions as formal programs and generates programs with an encoder-decoder based deep neural network. From extensive experiments using an information-search game, we

Emil Prodan

Consider a finite triangulation of a surface $M$ of genus $g$ and assume that spin-less fermions populate the edges of the triangulation. The quantum dynamics of such particles takes place inside the algebra of canonical anti-commutation relations (CAR). Following Kitaev's work on toric models, we identify a sub-algebra of CAR generated by elements associate

Anuradha Gupta, Derek Fox, B. S. Sathyaprakash, B. F. Schutz

Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) are among preeminent distance ladders for precision cosmology due to their intrinsic brightness, which allows them to be observable at high redshifts. Their usefulness as unbiased estimators of absolute cosmological distances however depends on accurate understanding of their intrinsic brightness, or anchoring their distance scale

Jonny O'Dwyer, Niall Murray, Ronan Flynn

Eye-based information channels include the pupils, gaze, saccades, fixational movements, and numerous forms of eye opening and closure. Pupil size variation indicates cognitive load and emotion, while a person's gaze direction is said to be congruent with the motivation to approach or avoid stimuli. The eyelids are involved in facial expressions that can enc

Francesca Gladiali, Massimo Grossi

In this paper we construct families of bounded domains $\Omega_\varepsilon$ and solutions $u_\varepsilon$ of \[\begin{cases} -\Delta u_\varepsilon=1&\text{ in }\ \Omega_\varepsilon\\ u_\varepsilon=0&\text{ on }\ \partial\Omega_\varepsilon \end{cases}\] such that, for any integer $k\ge2$, $u_\varepsilon$ admits at least $k$ maxima points for small enough $\va

Michele Cappellari

I present a flexible solution for the axisymmetric Jeans equations of stellar hydrodynamics under the assumption of an anisotropic (three-integral) velocity ellipsoid aligned with the spherical polar coordinate system. I describe and test a robust and efficient algorithm for its numerical computation. I outline the evaluation of the intrinsic velocity moment

B. C. Robert, M. U. Fareed, H. S. Ruiz

A noteworthy physical dependence of the hysteresis losses with the axial winding misalignment of superconducting racetrack coils made with commercial \textcolor{black}{Second Generation High Temperature Superconducting (2G-HTS)} tapes is reported. A comprehensive study on the influence of the turn-to-turn misalignment factor on the local electromagnetic prop

V. Schaffenroth, B. N. Barlow, S. Geier, M. Vu{č}ković

Eclipsing post-common envelope binaries are highly important for resolving the poorly understood, very short-lived common envelope phase. Most hot subdwarfs (sdO/Bs) are the bare He-burning cores of red giants which have lost almost all of their hydrogen envelopes. This mass loss is often triggered by common envelope interactions with close stellar or even s

Albert Liu, Diogo B. Almeida, Wan-Ki Bae, Lazaro A. Padilha

Coupling to phonon modes is a primary mechanism of excitonic dephasing and energy loss in semiconductors. However, low-energy phonons in colloidal quantum dots and their coupling to excitons are poorly understood, since their experimental signatures are weak and usually obscured by unavoidable inhomogeneous broadening of colloidal dot ensembles. We use multi

C. Okoth, E. Kovlakov, F. Boensel, A. Cavanna

Entanglement of high dimensional states is becoming increasingly important for quantum communication and computing. The most common source of entangled photons is spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC), where the degree of frequency and momentum entanglement is determined by the non-linear interaction volume. Here we show that by reducing the length o

J. R. Fuentes, C. M. Espinoza, A. Reisenegger

Glitches are rare spin-up events that punctuate the smooth slow-down of the rotation of pulsars. For the Vela pulsar and PSR J0537-6910, the glitch sizes and the times between consecutive events have clear preferred scales, contrary to the handful of other pulsars with enough glitches for such a study. Moreover, PSR J0537-6910 is the only pulsar showing a st

Oliver Stockert, Jens-Uwe Hoffmann, Martin Mühlbauer, Anatoliy Senyshyn

Magnetic frustration in metals is scarce and hard to pinpoint, but exciting due to the possibility of the emergence of fascinating novel phases. The cubic intermetallic compound HoInCu$_4$ with all holmium atoms on an fcc lattice, exhibits partial magnetic frustration, yielding a ground state where half of the Ho moments remain without long-range order, as e

Francesco Massel

We propose here a fully backaction-evading scheme for the measurement of the entanglement between two nanomechanical resonators. The system, which consists of two mechanical oscillators, coupled to a single mode of an electromagnetic resonant cavity through a radiation-pressure interaction term, is driven by two pump tones and four detection tones. As previo

Sidney S. Avancini, Aritra Bandyopadhyay, Dyana C. Duarte, Ricardo L. S. Farias

We compute the QCD equation of state for zero temperature and finite isospin density within the Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in the mean field approximation, motivated by the recently obtained Lattice QCD results for a new class of compact stars: pion stars. We have considered both the commonly used Traditional cutoff Regularization Scheme and the Medium Separat

Gang Tang, Zewen Xiao, Jiawang Hong

The discovery of double perovskites A2B(I)B(III)X6 (A=monovalent cation; B(I)/B(III) = metal cation; X = halogen) as Pb(II)-free alternatives has attracted widespread attention, making it possible to introduce d-block metal cations (e.g., d0 and d10) into halide perovskites. However, at present, there are quite limited insights into the underlying bonding or

Sebastian Bahamonde, Konstantinos F. Dialektopoulos, Viktor Gakis, Jackson Levi Said

Horndeski gravity was highly constrained from the recent gravitational wave observations by the LIGO Collaboration down to $|c_{g}/c-1|\gtrsim 10^{-15}$. In this Letter we study the tensorial perturbations in a flat cosmological background for an analogue version of Horndenki gravity which is based in Teleparallel Gravity constructed from a flat manifold wit

Alexander Stasinski

Let $\mathbb{F}_{q}$ be a finite field of characteristic $p$ and let $W_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{q})$ be the ring of Witt vectors of length two over $\mathbb{F}_{q}$. We prove that for any integer $n$ such that $p$ divides $n$, the groups $\mathrm{SL}_{n}(\mathbb{F}_{q}[t]/t^{2})$ and $\mathrm{SL}_{n}(W_{2}(\mathbb{F}_{q}))$ have the same number of irreducible repres

Zhipeng Liu

Recently Johansson and Rahman obtained the limiting multi-time distribution for the discrete polynuclear growth model, which is equivalent to a discrete TASEP model with step initial condition. In this paper, we obtain a finite time multi-point distribution formula of continuous TASEP with general initial conditions in the space-time plane. We evaluate the l

Elisa Francini, Giovanni Franzina, Sergio Vessella

We discuss the well-posedness of the 'transient eddy current' magneto-quasistatic approximation of Maxwell's initial value problem with bounded and measurable conductivity, with sources, on a domain. We prove existence and uniqueness of weak solutions, and we provide global Hoelder estimates for the magnetic part.

Torbjörn Sjöstrand

The evolution of the widely-used PYTHIA particle physics event generator is outlined, from the early days to the current status and plans. The key decisions and the development of the major physics components are put in context.

Paula Fermín Cueto, Meeke Roet, Agnieszka Słowik

Increased public interest in healthy lifestyles has motivated the study of algorithms that encourage people to follow a healthy diet. Applying collaborative filtering to build recommendation systems in domains where only implicit feedback is available is also a rapidly growing research area. In this report we combine these two trends by developing a recommen

Efthymios N. Karatzas, Giovanni Stabile, Leo Nouveau, Guglielmo Scovazzi

We investigate a projection-based reduced-order model of the steady incompressible Navier-Stokes equations for moderate Reynolds numbers. In particular, we construct an "embedded" reduced basis space, by applying proper orthogonal decomposition to the Shifted Boundary Method, a high-fidelity embedded method recently developed. We focus on the geometrical par