July 2019 arXiv papers — page 58

Peter Lynch

The billiard problem concerns a point particle moving freely in a region of the horizontal plane bounded by a closed curve $Γ$, and reflected at each impact with $Γ$. The region is called a `billiard', and the reflections are specular: the angle of reflection equals the angle of incidence. We review the dynamics in the case of an elliptical billiard. In

Wenbo Sui, Carrie M. Hall

Because fuel efficiency is significantly impacted by the timing of combustion in internal combustion engines, accurate control of combustion phasing is critical. In this paper, a nonlinear combustion phasing model is introduced and calibrated, and both a feedforward model-based control strategy and an adaptive model-based control strategy are investigated fo

Yibin Zheng, Xi Wang, Lei He, Shifeng Pan

Neural end-to-end TTS can generate very high-quality synthesized speech, and even close to human recording within similar domain text. However, it performs unsatisfactory when scaling it to challenging test sets. One concern is that the encoder-decoder with attention-based network adopts autoregressive generative sequence model with the limitation of "ex

Zhipeng Li, Jianwei Wu, Lin Sun, Tao Rong

In sponsored search, keyword recommendations help advertisers to achieve much better performance within limited budget. Many works have been done to mine numerous candidate keywords from search logs or landing pages. However, the strategy to select from given candidates remains to be improved. The existing relevance-based, popularity-based and regular combin

Benjamin Hackl, Helmut Prodinger

We show that a binomial identity arising in the context of the study of series expansions of $1/π$ can be seen as an incarnation of Whipples second theorem for hypergeometric series.

Tianqiao Liu, Zhiwei Wang, Jiliang Tang, Songfan Yang

In modern recommender systems, both users and items are associated with rich side information, which can help understand users and items. Such information is typically heterogeneous and can be roughly categorized into flat and hierarchical side information. While side information has been proved to be valuable, the majority of existing systems have exploited

Yury Kondratiev, Andrey Piatnitski, Elena Zhizhina

The paper deals with the large time asymptotic of the fundamental solution for a time fractional evolution equation for a convolution type operator. In this equation we use a Caputo time derivative of order $α$ with $α\in(0,1)$, and assume that the convolution kernel of the spatial operator is symmetric, integrable and shows a super-exponential decay at infi

Jacob Dormuth, Ben Gelman, Jessica Moore, David Slater

Many software analysis methods have come to rely on machine learning approaches. Code segmentation - the process of decomposing source code into meaningful blocks - can augment these methods by featurizing code, reducing noise, and limiting the problem space. Traditionally, code segmentation has been done using syntactic cues; current approaches do not inten

Chao-Ming Jian, Cenke Xu

We explore generic "unnecessary" quantum critical points with minimal degrees of freedom. These quantum critical points can be avoided with strong enough symmetry-allowed deformations of the Hamiltonian, but these deformations are irrelevant perturbations below certain threshold at the quantum critical point. These quantum critical points are hence u

Amir Javadpour, HamidrezaMemarzadeh-Tehran

Thispaper presents the design and realization of a context-aware wireless health monitoring system for recording the heartbeat (HR) and respiration (RR) rate based on an indirect measurement approach. The system consists of a contact-less medical sensor as well as a communication infrastructure for handling the transmission and reception of the measured resu

Chad E. Brown, Karol Pąk

We describe the relationship between two versions of Tarski-Grothendieck set theory: the first-order set theory of Mizar and the higher-order set theory of Egal. We show how certain higher-order terms and propositions in Egal have equivalent first-order presentations. We then prove Tarski's Axiom A (an axiom in Mizar) in Egal and construct a Grothendieck

Bruna G. Maciel-Pearson, Samet Akcay, Amir Atapour-Abarghouei, Christopher Holder

Increased growth in the global Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) (drone) industry has expanded possibilities for fully autonomous UAV applications. A particular application which has in part motivated this research is the use of UAV in wide area search and surveillance operations in unstructured outdoor environments. The critical issue with such environments is

Geoffrey C. Bower, Jason Dexter, Keiichi Asada, Christiaan D. Brinkerink

We present ALMA observations at 233, 678, and 870 GHz of the Galactic Center black hole, Sagittarius A*. These observations reveal a flat spectrum over this frequency range with spectral index $α\approx -0.3$, where the flux density $S \propto ν^α$. We model the submm and far infrared spectrum with a one zone synchrotron model of thermal electrons. We infer

Juan A. Sans, Rosario Vilaplana, E. Lora Da Silva, Catalin Popescu

This joint experimental and theoretical study of the structural, vibrational and electrical properties of rhombohedral SnSb2Te4 at high pressure unveils the internal mechanisms of its compression. The equation of state and the internal polyhedral compressibility, the symmetry and behavior of the Raman-active modes and the electrical behavior of this topologi

Ankur D. Bordoloi, Chris C. K. Lai, Laura K. Clark, Gerardo Veliz

We investigate the turbulence statistics in a {multiphase plume made of heavy particles (particle Reynolds number at terminal velocity is 450)}. Using refractive-index-matched stereoscopic particle image velocimetry, we measure the locations of particles {whose buoyancy drives the formation of a multiphase plume,} {together with the local velocity of the ind

Víctor M. Patiño-Álvarez, Sergio A. Dzib, Andrei Lobanov, Vahram Chavushyan

We investigate the relationship between the variable gamma-ray emission and jet properties in the blazar 3C 279, by combining the Fermi/LAT data spanning a period of eight years with concurrent radio measurements made at multiple epochs with VLBA at 15 and 43 GHz within the MOJAVE and VLBA-BU monitoring programs. The aim of this paper is to compare the flux

Angelo Oddi, Riccardo Rasconi, Emilio Cartoni, Gabriele Sartor

In symbolic planning systems, the knowledge on the domain is commonly provided by an expert. Recently, an automatic abstraction procedure has been proposed in the literature to create a Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) representation, which is the most widely used input format for most off-the-shelf automated planners, starting from `options',

Lise-Marie Imbert-Gerard, Guillaume Sylvand

This work focuses on the study of partial differential equation (PDE) based basis function for Discontinuous Galerkin methods to solve numerically wave-related boundary value problems with variable coefficients. To tackle problems with constant coefficients, wave-based methods have been widely studied in the literature: they rely on the concept of Trefftz fu

Adam D. Helfer

Gravitational effect of "magnetic type" -- those having a curl-like character over large spheres -- are investigated, for isolated systems. The Bondi-Sachs-Newman-Penrose formalism clarifies a number of points, especially related to radiation memory. It is shown that the "memory tensor" is equivalent to the change in Bondi shear, from before

Martin Wistuba

The term Neural Architecture Search (NAS) refers to the automatic optimization of network architectures for a new, previously unknown task. Since testing an architecture is computationally very expensive, many optimizers need days or even weeks to find suitable architectures. However, this search time can be significantly reduced if knowledge from previous s

Brian Axelrod, Ilias Diakonikolas, Anastasios Sidiropoulos, Alistair Stewart

We consider the problem of computing the maximum likelihood multivariate log-concave distribution for a set of points. Specifically, we present an algorithm which, given $n$ points in $\mathbb{R}^d$ and an accuracy parameter $ε>0$, runs in time $poly(n,d,1/ε),$ and returns a log-concave distribution which, with high probability, has the property that the lik

Clément Cancès, Thomas O. Gallouët, Gabriele Todeschi

We propose a variational finite volume scheme to approximate the solutions to Wasserstein gradient flows. The time discretization is based on an implicit linearization of the Wasserstein distance expressed thanks to Benamou-Brenier formula, whereas space discretization relies on upstream mobility two-point flux approximation finite volumes. Our scheme is bas

Jakub Nalepa, Pablo Ribalta Lorenzo, Michal Marcinkiewicz, Barbara Bobek-Billewicz

Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) plays an important role in diagnosis and grading of brain tumor. Although manual DCE biomarker extraction algorithms boost the diagnostic yield of DCE-MRI by providing quantitative information on tumor prognosis and prediction, they are time-consuming and prone to human error. In this paper, we p

Guenter Hesse, Christoph Matthies, Kelvin Glass, Johannes Huegle

With the demand to process ever-growing data volumes, a variety of new data stream processing frameworks have been developed. Moving an implementation from one such system to another, e.g., for performance reasons, requires adapting existing applications to new interfaces. Apache Beam addresses these high substitution costs by providing an abstraction layer

H Abdolmaleki, E Accomando, V Bertone, J Fiaschi

We investigate the impact of high-statistics Drell-Yan (DY) measurements at the LHC on the study of non-perturbative QCD effects from parton distribution functions (PDF). We present the results of a PDF profiling analysis based on the neutral-current DY forward-backward asymmetry, using the open source fit platform xFitter.

T. J. Davidge

Spectra that cover wavelengths from 0.6 to 1.1um are used to examine the behavior of emission and absorption features in a contiguous 22 x 300 arcsec region centered on the nearby dwarf galaxy NGC 55. Based on the relative strengths of various emission features measured over spatial scales of many tens of parsecs, it is concluded that the ionization states a

David Sloan

The dynamics of multiple scalar fields on a flat FLRW spacetime can be described entirely as a relational system in terms of the matter alone. The matter dynamics is an autonomous system from which the geometrical dynamics can be inferred, and this autonomous system remains deterministic at the point corresponding to the singularity of the cosmology. We show

Nate Gillman, Michael Kural, Alexandru Pascadi, Junyao Peng

Fix a non-CM elliptic curve $E/\mathbb{Q}$, and let $a_E(p) = p + 1 - \#E(\mathbb{F}_p)$ denote the trace of Frobenius at $p$. The Sato-Tate conjecture gives the limiting distribution $μ_{ST}$ of $a_E(p)/(2\sqrt{p})$ within $[-1, 1]$. We establish bounded gaps for primes in the context of this distribution. More precisely, given an interval $I\subseteq [-1,

Ashwin Vinod, Arindam Banerjee

Tidal turbines are deployed in sites which have elevated levels of free stream turbulence (FST). Accounting for elevated FST on their operation become vital from a design standpoint. Detailed experimental measurements of the dynamic near-wake of a tidal turbine model in elevated FST environments is presented; an active grid turbulence generator developed by

Bennet Meyers, Michaelangelo Tabone, Emre Can Kara

We present an algorithm that estimates a clear sky performance signal from the measured power of a PV system. The algorithm uses only observed power output, and assumes no knowledge of weather, irradiance data, or system configuration metadata. This is a novel approach to understanding the clear sky behavior of an installed PV system, that does not rely on t

Bin Cheng, Jonathan Fürst, Gurkan Solmaz, Takuya Sanada

Fog computing can support IoT services with fast response time and low bandwidth usage by moving computation from the cloud to edge devices. However, existing fog computing frameworks have limited flexibility to support dynamic service composition with a data-oriented approach. Function-as-a-Service (FaaS) is a promising programming model for fog computing t

Soroush Irandoust, Sinan Muftu

Long-term bone healing/adaptation after a dental implant treatment starts with diffusion of mesenchymal stem cells to the fracture callus and their subsequent differentiation. The healing phase is followed by the bone-remodeling phase. In this work, a mechano-regulatory cellular differentiation model was used to simulate tissue healing around an immediately

Rachel Karpman

A collection $\mathcal{C}$ of $k$-element subsets of $\{1,2,\ldots,m\}$ is weakly separated if for each $I, J \in \mathcal{C}$, when the integers $1,2,\ldots,m$ are arranged around in a circle, there is a chord separating $I \backslash J$ from $J \backslash I$. Oh, Postnikov and Speyer constructed a correspondence between weakly separated collections which a

Esteban Andruchow

We study pairs $(U,L_0)$, where $U$ is a unitary operator in $H$ and $L_0\subset H$ is a closed subspace, such that $$ P_{L_0}U|_{L_0}:L_0\to L_0 $$ has a singular value decomposition. Abstract characterizations of this condition are given, as well as relations to the geometry of projections and pairs of projections. Several concrete examples are examined.

Stephen S. Eikenberry, Misty Bentz, Anthony Gonzalez, Joseph Harrington

As astronomy moves into the era of large-scale time-domain surveys, we are seeing a flood of new transient and variable sources which will reach biblical proportions with the advent of LSST. A key strategic challenge for astronomy in this era is the lack of suitable spectroscopic followup facilities. In response to this need, we have developed the PolyOculus

Stephen S. Eikenberry, Anthony Gonzalez, Jeremy Darling, Jochen Liske

We propose an experiment, the Cosmic Accelerometer, designed to yield velocity precision of $\leq 1$ cm/s with measurement stability over years to decades. The first-phase Cosmic Accelerometer, which is at the scale of the Astro2020 Small programs, will be ideal for precision radial velocity measurements of terrestrial exoplanets in the Habitable Zone of Sun

F. L. Carneiro, S. C. Ulhoa, J. F. da Rocha-Neto

Gyratonic plane fronted gravitational waves are exact solutions of Einstein's field equations, which correspond to gravitational waves that carry momentum and angular-momentum. Using the definitions of the Hamiltonian formulation of the Teleparallel Equivalent of General Relativity, we explicitly evaluate the general expressions of the energy-momentum an

Kunal Kathuria, Aakrosh Ratan, Michael McConnell, Stefan Bekiranov

Motivated by the problem of classifying individuals with a disease versus controls using functional genomic attributes as input, we encode the input as a string of 1s (presence) or 0s (absence) of the genomic attribute across the genome. Blocks of physical regions in the subdivided genome serve as the feature dimensions, which takes full advantage of remaini

Sunao Hasegawa, Takahiro Hiroi, Katsuhito Ohtsuka, Masateru Ishiguro

Itokawa particles, which are the recovered samples from the S-complex asteroid 25143 Itokawa by the Hayabusa spacecraft, demonstrate that S-complex asteroids are parent bodies of ordinary chondrite meteorites. Furthermore, they clarify that the space weathering age of the Itokawa surface is of the order of several thousand years. Traditionally, Q-type astero

P. Serra, F. M. Maccagni, D. Kleiner, W. J. G. de Blok

We present MeerKAT observations of neutral hydrogen gas (HI) in the nearby merger remnant NGC 1316 (Fornax A), the brightest member of a galaxy group which is falling into the Fornax cluster. We find HI on a variety of scales, from the galaxy centre to its large-scale environment. For the first time we detect HI at large radii (70 - 150 kpc in projection), m

Alvaro I. Riquelme, Julian M. Ortiz

The goal of this research is to derive an approach to assess uncertainty in an arbitrary volume conditioned by sampling data, without using geostatistical simulation. We have accomplished this goal by deriving an numerical tool suitable for any probabilistic distribution of the sample data. For this, we have worked with an extension of the traditional multi-

John Panickacheril John, Diego A. Donzis, Katepalli R. Sreenivasan

Mixing of passive scalars in compressible turbulence does not obey the same classical Reynolds number scaling as its incompressible counterpart. We first show from a large database of direct numerical simulations that even the solenoidal part of the velocity field fails to follow the classical incompressible scaling when the forcing includes a substantial di

Prakhar Gupta, Vinayshekhar Bannihatti Kumar, Mukul Bhutani, Alan W Black

We study the problem of generating interesting endings for stories. Neural generative models have shown promising results for various text generation problems. Sequence to Sequence (Seq2Seq) models are typically trained to generate a single output sequence for a given input sequence. However, in the context of a story, multiple endings are possible. Seq2Seq

Roman O. Popovych, Alexander Sakhnovich

We introduce matrix coupled (local and nonlocal) dispersionless equations, construct wide classes of explicit multipole solutions, give explicit expressions for the corresponding Darboux and wave matrix valued functions and consider their asymptotics in some interesting cases. We consider the scalar cases of coupled, complex coupled and nonlocal dispersionle

Nathanaël Fijalkow, Engel Lefaucheux, Pierre Ohlmann, Joël Ouaknine

The Monniaux Problem in abstract interpretation asks, roughly speaking, whether the following question is decidable: given a program $P$, a safety (\emph{e.g.}, non-reachability) specification $φ$, and an abstract domain of invariants $\mathcal{D}$, does there exist an inductive invariant $I$ in $\mathcal{D}$ guaranteeing that program $P$ meets its specifica

Andrew F. Davis, Brian C. Fabien

In many advanced control strategies the wave excitation force is key to determining the control input. However, it is often difficult to measure the excitation force on a Wave Energy Converter (WEC). The use of Kalman filters to estimate the wave excitation force based on readily available measurement data can potentially fill the gap between the development

Hanieh Afkhamiardakani, Luke Horstman, Ladan Arissian, Jean-Claude Diels

Polarization maintaining (PM) fibers are meant to maintain linear polarization along a preferred axis. A PM fiber can be seen as the fiber version of a very high order waveplate, designed with different refractive indices along two orthogonal axes. It is shown that monitoring the polarization of initially circularly polarized light sent through a PM fiber, l

George T. Cantwell, M. E. J. Newman

In this paper we offer a solution to a long-standing problem in the study of networks. Message passing is a fundamental technique for calculations on networks and graphs. The first versions of the method appeared in the 1930s and over the decades it has been applied to a wide range of foundational problems in mathematics, physics, computer science, statistic

Chaoqiang Deng, Patrick Cousot

Given a behavior of interest in the program, statically determining the corresponding responsible entity is a task of critical importance, especially in program security. Classical static analysis techniques (e.g. dependency analysis, taint analysis, slicing, etc.) assist programmers in narrowing down the scope of responsibility, but none of them can explici

Ata Khalili, Sheyda Zarandi, Mehdi Rasti, Ekram Hossain

The problem of joint power and sub-channel allocation to maximize energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE) simultaneously in in-band full-duplex (IBFD) orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) network is addressed considering users' QoS in both uplink and downlink. The resulting optimization problem is a non-convex mixed-integer n

Alec Yonika, Gaurav Khanna

Loop quantum cosmology is a symmetry-reduced application of loop quantum gravity that has led to the resolution of classical singularities such as the big bang, and those at the center of black holes. This can be seen through numerical simulations involving the quantum Hamiltonian constraint that is a partial difference equation. The equation allows one to s

Srijani Mallik, Amir Syed Mohd., Alexandros Koutsioubas, Stefan Mattauch

In ferromagnetic (FM) metal/organic semiconductor (OSC) heterostructures charge transfer can occur which leads to induction of magnetism in the non-magnetic OSC. This phenomenon has been described by the change in the density of states in the OSC which leads to a finite magnetic moment at the OSC interface and it is called the "spinterface". One of t

Ian Kaye, Narad Rampersad

We study the following problem, first introduced by Dekking. Consider an infinite word x over an alphabet {0,1,...,k-1} and a semigroup homomorphism S:{0,1,...,k-1}* -> N. Let L_x denote the set of factors of x. What conditions on S and the abelian complexity of x guarantee that S(L_x) contains all but finitely many elements of N? We examine this question fo

Matteo Fischetti, Domenico Salvagnin

The n-queens puzzle is a well-known combinatorial problem that requires to place n queens on an n x n chessboard so that no two queens can attack each other. Since the 19th century, this problem was studied by many mathematicians and computer scientists. While finding any solution to the n-queens puzzle is rather straightforward, it is very challenging to fi

Christina Hedges, Nicholas Saunders, Geert Barentsen, Jeffrey L. Coughlin

The Kepler, K2, and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) missions have provided a wealth of confirmed exoplanets, benefiting from a huge effort from the planet-hunting and follow-up community. With careful systematics mitigation, these missions provide precise photometric time series, which enable detection of transiting exoplanet signals. However, e

Pedro Henrique Martins, Zita Marinho, André F. T. Martins

Named entity recognition (NER) and entity linking (EL) are two fundamentally related tasks, since in order to perform EL, first the mentions to entities have to be detected. However, most entity linking approaches disregard the mention detection part, assuming that the correct mentions have been previously detected. In this paper, we perform joint learning o

Maurizio Moreschi

Let $S=\{p_1,\dots,p_s\}$ be a finite non-empty set of distinct prime numbers, let $f\in \mathbb{Z}[X]$ be a polynomial of degree $n\ge 1$, and let $S'\subseteq S$ be the subset of all $p\in S$ such that $f$ has a root in $\mathbb{Z}_p$. For any non-zero integer $y$, write $y=p_1^{k_1}\dots p_s^{k_s}y_0$, where $k_1,\dots,k_s$ are non-negative integers a

N. S. Sangeetha, L. L. Wang, A. V. Smirnov, V. Smetana

Electron-doped Sr(Co{1-x}Ni{x})2As2 single crystals with compositions x = 0 to 0.9 were grown out of self-flux and SrNi2As2 single crystals out of Bi flux. The crystals were characterized using single-crystal x-ray diffraction (XRD), magnetic susceptibility chi(H,T), isothermal magnetization M(H,T), heat capacity Cp(H,T), and electrical resistivity ho(H,T) m

Ta-Hsin Li, Huijing Jiang, Kevin Tran, Gigi Yuen-Reed

There is strong interest among payers to identify emerging healthcare cost drivers to support early intervention. However, many challenges arise in analyzing large, high dimensional, and noisy healthcare data. In this paper, we propose a systematic approach that utilizes hierarchical and multi-resolution search strategies using enhanced statistical process c

Jonathan K. Kummerfeld

Many annotation tools have been developed, covering a wide variety of tasks and providing features like user management, pre-processing, and automatic labeling. However, all of these tools use Graphical User Interfaces, and often require substantial effort to install and configure. This paper presents a new annotation tool that is designed to fill the niche

William Layton, Michael McLaughlin

This report presents adaptive artificial compression methods in which the time-step and artificial compression parameter $\varepsilon $ are independently adapted. The resulting algorithms are supported by analysis and numerical tests. The first and second-order methods are embedded. As a result, the computational, cognitive and space complexities of the adap

Zhe Mei, John D. Treado, Alex T. Grigas, Zachary A. Levine

There have been several studies suggesting that protein structures solved by NMR spectroscopy and x-ray crystallography show significant differences. To understand the origin of these differences, we assembled a database of high-quality protein structures solved by both methods. We also find significant differences between NMR and crystal structures---in the

Román Sasyk

One of the earliest invariants introduced in the study of finite von Neumann algebras is the property Gamma of Murray and von Neumann. In this note we prove that it is not possible to classify separable $\rm{II}_1$ factors satisfying the property Gamma up to isomorphism by a Borel measurable assignment of countable structures as invariants. We also show that

Thierry Mora, Aleksandra M. Walczak

Immune repertoires rely on diversity of T-cell and B-cell receptors to protect us against foreign threats. The ability to recognize a wide variety of pathogens is linked to the number of different clonotypes expressed by an individual. Out of the estimated $\sim 10^{12}$ different B and T cells in humans, how many of them express distinct receptors? We revie

Marvin Gerlach, Go Mishima, Matthias Steinhauser

We consider the Lagrange density of non-relativistic Quantum Chromodynamics expanded up to order $1/m^2$, where $m$ is the heavy quark mass, and compute several matching coefficients up to two-loop order. Our results are building blocks for next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic and next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order corrections to the thresh

Mithuna Yoganathan, Chris Cade

Entanglement has been shown to be necessary for pure state quantum computation to have an advantage over classical computation. However, it remains open whether entanglement is necessary for quantum computers that use mixed states to also have an advantage. The one clean qubit model is a form of quantum computer in which the input is the maximally mixed stat

Elena Redaelli, Luca Bizzocchi, Paola Caselli, Olli Sipilä

Context. The deuterium fraction in low-mass prestellar cores is a good diagnostic indicator of the initial phases of star formations, and it is also a fundamental quantity to infer the ionisation degree in these objects. Aims. With the analysis of multiple transitions of $\rm N_2H^+$, $\rm N_2D^+$, $\rm HC^{18}O^+$ and $\rm DCO^+$ we are able to determine th

Samuel F. Neyens, E. R. MacQuarrie, J. P. Dodson, J. Corrigan

We present measurements of the capacitive coupling energy and the inter-dot capacitances in a linear quadruple quantum dot array in undoped Si/SiGe. With the device tuned to a regime of strong ($>$1 GHz) intra-double dot tunnel coupling, as is typical for double dot qubits, we measure a capacitive coupling energy of $20.9 \pm 0.3$ GHz. In this regime, we dem

R. Scott Barrows, Mar Mezcua, Julia M. Comerford

Hyper-luminous X-ray sources (HLXs; L_X>10^41 erg s^-1) are off-nuclear X-ray sources in galaxies and strong candidates for intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs). We have constructed a sample of 169 HLX candidates by combining X-ray detections from the Chandra Source Catalog (Version 2) with galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and registering individu

C. J. Nixon, J. E. Pringle

In a standard, steady, thin accretion disc, the radial distribution of the dissipation of the accretion energy is determined simply by energy considerations. Here we draw attention to the fact that while the (quasi-)steady discs in dwarf novae in outburst are in agreement with the expected emission distribution, the steady discs in the nova-like variables ar

Anqi Mu, Ofir Shein Lumbroso, Oren Tal, Dvira Segal

Fluctuations pose fundamental limitations in making sensitive measurements, yet at the same time, noise unravels properties that are inaccessible at the level of the averaged signal. In electronic devices, shot noise arises from the discrete nature of charge carriers and it increases linearly with the applied voltage according to the celebrated Schottky form

Kevin Raina, Uladzimir Yahorau, Tanya Schmah

Brain lesions, including stroke and tumours, have a high degree of variability in terms of location, size, intensity and form, making automatic segmentation difficult. We propose an improvement to existing segmentation methods by exploiting the bilateral quasi-symmetry of healthy brains, which breaks down when lesions are present. Specifically, we use nonlin

F. S. Guzman

In this manuscript the three types of late-time behavior of spherically symmetric Boson Stars are presented, these are: stable configurations, unstable bounded that collapse to form black holes and unstable unbounded that explode. The results are found by solving the spherically symmetric Einstein-Klein-Gordon system of equations for a complex scalar field w

Todd A. Oliynyk

We establish the local-in-time existence of solutions to the relativistic Euler equations representing dynamical liquid bodies in vacuum.

Zafiirah Hosenie, Robert Lyon, Benjamin Stappers, Arrykrishna Mootoovaloo

Upcoming synoptic surveys are set to generate an unprecedented amount of data. This requires an automatic framework that can quickly and efficiently provide classification labels for several new object classification challenges. Using data describing 11 types of variable stars from the Catalina Real-Time Transient Surveys (CRTS), we illustrate how to capture

Luca Montabone, Aymeric Spiga, David M. Kass, Armin Kleinböhl

We have reconstructed longitude-latitude maps of column dust optical depth (CDOD) for Martian year (MY) 34 (May 5, 2017 --- March 23, 2019) using observations by the Mars Climate Sounder (MCS) aboard NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft. Our methodology works by gridding standard and newly available estimates of CDOD from MCS limb observations,

Mitali Bafna, Nikhil Vyas

We study the role of perfect completeness in probabilistically checkable proof systems (PCPs) and give a new way to transform a PCP with imperfect completeness to a PCP with perfect completeness when the initial gap is a constant. In particular, we show that $\text{PCP}_{c,s}[r,q] \subseteq \text{PCP}_{1,1-Ω(1)}[r+O(1),q+O(r)]$, for $c-s=Ω(1)$. This implies

Jingyuan Zhang, Timothy Baldwin

Recent work has demonstrated that vector offsets obtained by subtracting pretrained word embedding vectors can be used to predict lexical relations with surprising accuracy. Inspired by this finding, in this paper, we extend the idea to the document level, in generating document-level embeddings, calculating the distance between them, and using a linear clas

Jingjing Yan, Liam Wilbraham, Prem N. Basa, Mischa Shuettel

Azobenzene has become a ubiquitous component of functional molecules and polymeric materials because of the light-induced trans-cis isomerization of the diazene group. In contrast, there are very few applications utilizing azobenzene luminescence, since the excitation energy typically dissipates via nonradiative pathways. Inspired by our earlier studies with

Cristian Giuppone, Nicolás Cuello

Dynamical studies suggest that most of the circumbinary discs (CBDs) should be coplanar. However, under certain initial conditions, the CBD can evolve toward polar orientation. Here we extend the parametric study of polar configurations around detached close-in binaries through $N$-body simulations. For polar configurations around binaries with mass ratios $

Fabian Rennecke, Wei-jie Fu, Jan M. Pawlowski

Since the incident nuclei in heavy-ion collisions do not carry strangeness, the global net strangeness of the detected hadrons has to vanish. We show that there is an intimate relation between strangeness neutrality and baryon-strangeness correlations. In the context of heavy-ion collisions, the former is a consequence of quark number conservation of the str

Tiantian Gao, Paul Fodor, Michael Kifer

The inherent difficulty of knowledge specification and the lack of trained specialists are some of the key obstacles on the way to making intelligent systems based on the knowledge representation and reasoning (KRR) paradigm commonplace. Knowledge and query authoring using natural language, especially controlled natural language (CNL), is one of the promisin

D. I. Zavershinskii, D. Y. Kolotkov, V. M. Nakariakov, N. E. Molevich

Slow magnetoacoustic waves are omnipresent in both natural and laboratory plasma systems. The wave-induced misbalance between plasma cooling and heating processes causes the amplification or attenuation, and also dispersion, of slow magnetoacoustic waves. The wave dispersion could be attributed to the presence of characteristic time scales in the system, con

Yue Weng, Huaixiu Zheng, Franziska Bell, Gokhan Tur

Smart reply systems have been developed for various messaging platforms. In this paper, we introduce Uber's smart reply system: one-click-chat (OCC), which is a key enhanced feature on top of the Uber in-app chat system. It enables driver-partners to quickly respond to rider messages using smart replies. The smart replies are dynamically selected accordi

Edwin S. Kite, Mohit Melwani Daswani

Ancient hydrology is recorded by sedimentary rocks on Mars. The most voluminous sedimentary rocks that formed during Mars' Hesperian period are sulfate-rich rocks, explored by the $Opportunity$ rover from 2004-2012 and soon to be investigated by the $Curiosity$ rover at Gale crater. A leading hypothesis for the origin of these sulfates is that the cation

Mithuna Yoganathan

In the task of quantum state learning, one receives some data about measurements performed on a state, and using that, must make predictions on the outcomes of unseen measurements. Computing a prediction is generally hard but it has been shown that learning can be performed efficiently for states that are generated by Clifford circuits, which are known to be

Jimmy Lamboley, Pieralberto Sicbaldi

In this paper, we study the minimization of $λ_{1}(Ω)$, the first Dirichlet eigenvalue of the Laplace-Beltrami operator, within the class of open sets $Ω$ of fixed volume in a Riemmanian manifold $(M,g)$. In the Euclidian setting (when $(M,g)=(\mathbb{R}^n,e)$), the well-known Faber-Krahn inequality asserts that the solution of such problem is any ball of su

Gongbo Tang, Rico Sennrich, Joakim Nivre

In this paper, we try to understand neural machine translation (NMT) via simplifying NMT architectures and training encoder-free NMT models. In an encoder-free model, the sums of word embeddings and positional embeddings represent the source. The decoder is a standard Transformer or recurrent neural network that directly attends to embeddings via attention m

Benjamin Fortman, Susumu Takahashi

Spectral analysis of electron spin resonance (ESR) is a powerful technique for various investigations including characterization of spin systems, measurements of spin concentration, and probing spin dynamics. The nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond is a promising magnetic sensor enabling improvement of ESR sensitivity to the level of a single spin. There

Daniel Schneider, Alexander Otte, Travis Gesslein, Philipp Gagel

Physical keyboards are common peripherals for personal computers and are efficient standard text entry devices. Recent research has investigated how physical keyboards can be used in immersive head-mounted display-based Virtual Reality (VR). So far, the physical layout of keyboards has typically been transplanted into VR for replicating typing experiences in

Nicholas S. Martis, Danilo M. Marchesini, Adam Muzzin, Mauro Stefanon

We investigate the stellar and dust properties of massive (log$(M_*/M_\odot) \ge 10.5$) and dusty ($A_V \ge 1$) galaxies at $1 \le z \le 4$ by modeling their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) obtained from the combination of UltraVISTA DR3 photometry and \textit{Herschel} PACS-SPIRE data using MAGPHYS. Although the rest-frame U-V vs V-J (UVJ) diagram trac

B. Basillais, J. -M. Huré

The equilibrium of incompressible spheroid-ring systems in rigid rotation is investigated by numerical means for a unity density contrast. A great diversity of binary configurations is obtained, with no limit neither in the mass ratio, nor in the orbital separation. We found only detached binaries, meaning that the end-point of the $ε_2$-sequence is the sing

Edi Halyo

Two dimensional conformal field theories, can be described by their pseudo Goldstone bosons when the conformal symmetry is spontaneously and anomalously broken. We show that the Schwarzian action of these bosons leads to the Cardy formula without using modular invariance. As a result, the Cardy formula applies to conformal field theories on a cylinder and ch

Emily Sandford, David Kipping, Michael Collins

The true multiplicity distribution of transiting planet systems is obscured by strong observational biases, leading low-multiplicity systems to be overrepresented in the observed sample. Using the Kepler FGK planet hosts, we employ approximate Bayesian computation to infer the multiplicity distribution by comparing simulated catalogs to the observed one. Aft

R. S. Thorne, S. Bailey, T. Cridge, L. A. Harland-Lang

We summarise recent developments in the path towards the "MMHT19" parton distribution functions. We concentrate on the extraction of the strange quark upon the improvement of theoretical calculations for NNLO charged current cross sections; the effect of an extension of our parameterisation; and the role of correlated uncertainties in some data sets

Ganesh B Chand, Mohamad Habes, Sudipto Dolui, John A Detre

Perfusion MRI is an important modality in many brain imaging protocols, since it probes cerebrovascular changes in aging and many diseases; however, it may not be always available. Here we introduce a method that seeks to estimate regional perfusion properties using spectral information of resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) via machine learning. We used p

Giulio Cerbai, Anders Claesson, Luca Ferrari

The (classical) problem of characterizing and enumerating permutations that can be sorted using two stacks connected in series is still largely open. In the present paper we address a related problem, in which we impose restrictions both on the procedure and on the stacks. More precisely, we consider a greedy algorithm where we perform the rightmost legal op

H. Martínez-Huerta, J. Biteau, J. Lefaucheur, M. Meyer

The Cherenkov Telescope Array (CTA) is the next generation ground-based observatory for $γ$-ray astronomy at energies above 30 GeV. Thanks to its unique capabilities, CTA observations will address a plethora of open questions in astrophysics ranging from the origin of cosmic messengers to the exploration of the frontiers of physics. In this note, we present

Bernhard Ihrig, Nikolai Zerf, Peter Marquard, Igor F. Herbut

The abelian Higgs model is the textbook example for the superconducting transition and the Anderson-Higgs mechanism, and has become pivotal in the description of deconfined quantum criticality. We study the abelian Higgs model with $n$ complex scalar fields at unprecedented four-loop order in the $4-ε$ expansion and find that the annihilation of the critical

Lisa Ehrlinger, Elisa Rusz, Wolfram Wöß

High-quality data is key to interpretable and trustworthy data analytics and the basis for meaningful data-driven decisions. In practical scenarios, data quality is typically associated with data preprocessing, profiling, and cleansing for subsequent tasks like data integration or data analytics. However, from a scientific perspective, a lot of research has