October 2019 arXiv papers — page 3

Paul Brunet, David Pym

Concurrent Kleene Algebra is an elegant tool for equational reasoning about concurrent programs. An important feature of concurrent programs that is missing from CKA is the ability to restrict legal interleavings. To remedy this we extend the standard model of CKA, namely pomsets, with a new feature, called boxes, which can specify that part of the system is

Huimei Han, Jun Zhao, Dusit Niyato, Marco Di Renzo

As a recently proposed idea for future wireless systems, intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) can assist communications between entities which do not have high-quality direct channels in between. Specifically, an IRS comprises many low-cost passive elements, each of which reflects the incident signal by incurring a phase change so that the reflected signals

Oleg Balabanov, Anthony Nouy

A methodology for using random sketching in the context of model order reduction for high-dimensional parameter-dependent systems of equations was introduced in [Balabanov and Nouy 2019, Part I]. Following this framework, we here construct a reduced model from a small, efficiently computable random object called a sketch of a reduced model, using minimal res

Gerard Awanou

In this work we propose a discretization of the second boundary condition for the Monge-Ampere equation arising in geometric optics and optimal transport. The discretization we propose is the natural generalization of the popular Oliker-Prussner method proposed in 1988. For the discretization of the differential operator, we use a discrete analogue of the su

Abhayjeet Singh, Aravind Illa, Prasanta Kumar Ghosh

Unlike phoneme sequences, movements of speech articulators (lips, tongue, jaw, velum) and the resultant acoustic signal are known to encode not only the linguistic message but also carry para-linguistic information. While several works exist for estimating articulatory movement from acoustic signals, little is known to what extent articulatory movements can

Md. Masudur Rahman, B M Mainul Hossain

A stack overflow occurs when a program or process tries to store more data in a buffer (or stack) than it was intended to hold. If the affected program is running with special privileges or accepts data from untrusted network hosts (e.g. a web-server), then it is a potential security vulnerability. Overflowing a stack, an attacker can corrupt the stack in su

Kyungyong Lee, Li Li, Ralf Schiffler

We characterize the cluster variables of skew-symmetrizable cluster algebras of rank 3 by their Newton polytopes. The Newton polytope of the cluster variable $z$ is the convex hull of the set of all $\mathbf{p}\in\mathbb{Z}^3$ such that the Laurent monomial ${\bf x}^{\mathbf{p}}$ appears with nonzero coefficient in the Laurent expansion of $z$ in the cluster

S. Li Muli, A. Poggialini, S. Bacca

In view of the future plans to measure the Lamb shift in muonic Lithium atoms we address the microscopic theory of the $μ$-$^6$Li$^{2+}$ and $μ$-$^7$Li$^{2+}$ systems. The goal of the CREMA collaboration is to measure the Lamb shift to extract the charge radius with high precision and compare it to electron scattering data or atomic spectroscopy to see if in

Durgesh Singh, Arpan Chattopadhyay, Sasthi C. Ghosh

Millimeter wave (mmWave) device to device (D2D) communication is highly susceptible to obstacles due to severe penetration losses and requires almost a line of sight (LOS) communication path. D2D channel condition is local to devices/user equipments (UEs) and hence is \textit{not} directly visible to the base station (BS). Thus quality of the D2D channel nee

Youssouf Akrour, Nouressadat Touafek, Yacine Halim

In this note we show the the system of difference equations $$ x_{n+1}=\dfrac{ay_{n-2}x_{n-1}y_n+bx_{n-1}y_{n-2}+cy_{n-2}+d}{y_{n-2}x_{n-1}y_n},$$ $$y_{n+1}=\dfrac{ax_{n-2}y_{n-1}x_n+by_{n-1}x_{n-2}+cx_{n-2}+d}{x_{n-2}y_{n-1}x_n},$$ where $n\in \mathbb{N}_{0}$, the initial values $x_{-2}$, $x_{-1}$, $x_0$, $y_{-2}$, $y_{-1}$ and $y_0$ are arbitrary nonzero r

Klaus Mølmer, Jacob Sherson

Dries Sels and Allan Grønlund have demonstrated numerical algorithms that outperform the players of our Quantum Moves game and they call the conclusions of our article Exploring the Quantum Speed Limit with Computer Games, Nature, 532, 210 (2016)] 'untenable'. Sels and Grønlund ignore that our article already emphasizes that the players do not solve

Denis M. Basko, Ivan Duchemin, Xavier Blase

We analyse the electronic and optical properties of graphene quantum dots (GQD) using accurate \textit{ab initio} many-body $GW$ and Bethe-Salpeter calculations. We show that most pristine GQD, including structures with irregular shapes, are characterized by dark low energy singlet excitations that quench fluorescence. We rationalizqe this property by exploi

A. Indika Perera, K. B. Shashika Manosha, Nandana Rajatheva, Matti Latva-aho

The millimeter wave (mmWave) communication uses directional antennas. Hence, achieving fine alignment of transmit and receive beams at the initial access phase is quite challenging and time-consuming. In this paper, we provide a dynamic-weight based beam sweeping direction and synchronization signal block (SSB) allocation algorithm to optimize the cell searc

Lance Gurney

We give a new characterisation of elliptic curves of Shimura type in terms commuting families of Frobenius lifts and also strengthen an old principal ideal theorem for ray class fields. These two results combined yield the existence of global minimal models for elliptic curves of Shimura type, generalising a result of Gross. Along the way we also prove a han

Aleksandar Bojchevski, Stephan Günnemann

Despite the exploding interest in graph neural networks there has been little effort to verify and improve their robustness. This is even more alarming given recent findings showing that they are extremely vulnerable to adversarial attacks on both the graph structure and the node attributes. We propose the first method for verifying certifiable (non-)robustn

Silvia Nagy, Antonio Padilla, Ivonne Zavala

Understanding de Sitter space in supergravity - and string theory - has lead to an intense amount of work for more than two decades, largely motivated by the discovery of the accelerated expansion of the universe in 1998. In this paper, we consider a non-trivial generalisation of unimodular gravity to minimal N = 1 supergravity, which allows for de Sitter so

Anugu Sumith Reddy, Amit Apte

This papers shows that nonlinear filter in the case of deterministic dynamics is stable with respect to the initial conditions under the conditions that observations are sufficiently rich, both in the context of continuous and discrete time filters. Earlier works on the stability of the nonlinear filters are in the context of stochastic dynamics and assume c

Ankush Mandal, Sharvari Nadkarni-Ghosh

We compute the one-point PDF of an initially Gaussian dark matter density field using spherical collapse (SC). We compare the results to other forms available in the literature and also compare the PDFs in the $Λ$CDM model with an early dark energy (EDE) model. We find that the skewed log-normal distribution provides the best fit to the non-linear PDF from S

F. López-Tejeira

In this work, we discuss the way in which electric and magnetic dipole resonances arising in the optical scattering spectrum of non-absorbing dielectric nanospheres can be accurately approximated by means of simple explicit expressions that depend on sphere's radius, incident wavelength and relative refractive index. We find such expressions to hold not

Tapas Singha, Prasad Perlekar, Mustansir Barma

How should dispersal strategies be chosen to increase the likelihood of survival of a species? We obtain the answer for the spatially extended versions of three well-known models of two competing species with unequal diffusivities. Though identical at the mean-field level, the three models exhibit drastically different behaviour leading to different optimal

Dean Carmi

We compute a family of scalar loop diagrams in $AdS$. We use the spectral representation to derive various bulk vertex/propagator identities, and these identities enable to reduce certain loop bubble diagrams to lower loop diagrams, and often to tree-level exchange or contact diagrams. An important example is the computation of the finite coupling 4-point fu

Seoane LF, Solé R

Why are living systems complex? Why does the biosphere contain living beings with complexity features beyond those of the simplest replicators? What kind of evolutionary pressures result in more complex life forms? These are key questions that pervade the problem of how complexity arises in evolution. One particular way of tackling this is grounded in an alg

Marco Calderini

Functions with low differential uniformity can be used in a block cipher as S-boxes since they have good resistance to differential attacks. In this paper we consider piecewise constructions for permutations with low differential uniformity. In particular, we give two constructions of differentially 6-uniform functions, modifying the Gold function and the Br

S. K. Lander, D. I. Jones

Understanding the evolution of the angle $χ$ between a magnetar's rotation and magnetic axes sheds light on the star's birth properties. This evolution is coupled with that of the stellar rotation $Ω$, and depends on the competing effects of internal viscous dissipation and external torques. We study this coupled evolution for a model magnetar with a

C. Burger, Á. Bazsó, C. M. Schäfer

According to current evidence the water inventory of Earth (and perhaps similar exoplanets) was transported inwards via (giant) collisions during the chaotic final phase of planet formation. In dynamical simulations water delivery is still studied almost exclusively by assuming oversimplified perfect merging (PM), even though it is particularly prone to coll

Ryuichi Fukuoka, Anderson Macedo Setti

A $C^0$-Finsler structure is a continuous function $F:TM \rightarrow [0,\infty)$ defined on the tangent bundle of a differentiable manifold $M$ such that its restriction to each tangent space is an asymmetric norm. We use the convolution of $F$ with the standard mollifier in order to construct a mollifier smoothing of $F$, which is a one parameter family of

Q. Yang, Y. Li, Y. Zhang

In this article, we consider the estimation of the structural change point in the nonparametric model with dependent observations. We introduce a maximum-CUSUM-estimation procedure, where the CUSUM statistic is constructed based on the sum-of-squares aggregation of the difference of the two Nadaraya-Watson estimates using the observations before and after a

Yiping Song, Zequn Liu, Wei Bi, Rui Yan

Training the generative models with minimal corpus is one of the critical challenges for building open-domain dialogue systems. Existing methods tend to use the meta-learning framework which pre-trains the parameters on all non-target tasks then fine-tunes on the target task. However, fine-tuning distinguishes tasks from the parameter perspective but ignores

Talip Ucar

Using generative models for Inverse Graphics is an active area of research. However, most works focus on developing models for supervised and semi-supervised methods. In this paper, we study the problem of unsupervised learning of 3D geometry from single images. Our approach is to use a generative model that produces 2-D images as projections of a latent 3D

Zhilin Lu, Jintao Wang, Jian Song

In massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, user equipment (UE) needs to send downlink channel state information (CSI) back to base station (BS). However, the feedback becomes expensive with the growing complexity of CSI in massive MIMO system. Recently, deep learning (DL) approaches are used to improve the reconstruction efficiency of CSI feedb

Takashi Hiramatsu, Masahiro Ibe, Motoo Suzuki

We explore the formation and the evolution of the string network in the Abelian Higgs model with two complex scalar fields. A special feature of the model is that it possesses a global $U(1)$ symmetry in addition to the $U(1)$ gauge symmetry. Both symmetries are spontaneously broken by the vacuum expectation values of the two complex scalar fields. As we wil

Bogdan M. Mihalcea, Vladimir Filinov, Roman Syrovatka, Leonid Vasilyak

Charged (nano)particles confined in electrodynamic traps can evolve into strongly correlated Coulomb systems which are the subject of current investigation. Exciting physical phenomena associated to Coulomb systems are reported such as autowave generation, phase transitions, defect formation, system self-locking at the edges of a linear Paul trap, self-organ

Maximilian Schäfer, Wayan Wicke, Werner Haselmayr, Rudolf Rabenstein

The derivation of suitable analytical models is an important step for the design and analysis of molecular communication systems. However, many existing models have limited applicability in practical scenarios due to various simplifications (e.g., assumption of an unbounded environment). In this paper, we develop a realistic model for particle diffusion in a

Junjie Cao, Lei Meng, Yuanfang Yue, Haijing Zhou

The continuously improving sensitivity of dark matter direct detection experiments has limited the interaction between dark matter and nucleons being increasingly feeble, while the dark matter relic density favors it to take part in weak interactions. After taking into account the constraints from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) search for Higgs bosons and s

Jiawei Shao, Jun Zhang

The emergence of various intelligent mobile applications demands the deployment of powerful deep learning models at resource-constrained mobile devices. The device-edge co-inference framework provides a promising solution by splitting a neural network at a mobile device and an edge computing server. In order to balance the on-device computation and the commu

C. Y. Kuo, J. A. Braatz, C. M. V. Impellizzeri, F. Gao

We present VLBI images and kinematics of water maser emission in three active galaxies: NGC 5728, Mrk 1, and IRAS 08452-0011. IRAS 08452-0011 is a triple-peaked H2O megamaser, consistent with a Keplerian rotating disk, indicating a black hole mass of (3.3+/-0.2)x10^7 M_sun. NGC 5728 and Mrk 1 display double-peaked spectra and VLBI imaging reveal complicated

Cinthya N. Herrera, Jérôme Pety, Annie Hughes, Sharon E. Meidt

Cloud-scale surveys of molecular gas reveal the link between molecular clouds properties and star formation (SF) across a range of galactic environments. Cloud populations in galaxy disks are considered to be representative of the `normal' SF. At high resolution, however, clouds with exceptional gas properties and SF activity may also be observed in norm

Nemanja Stefan Perović, Marco Di Renzo, Mark F. Flanagan

Indoor millimeter-wave (mmWave) environment channels are typically sparsely-scattered and dominated by a strong line-of-sight (LOS) path. Therefore, communication over such channels is in general extremely difficult when the LOS path is not present. However, the recent introduction of reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs), which have the potential to in

Yasin Beyazit, Jan Beckord, Ping Zhou, Jan Meyburg

Employing femtosecond laser pulses in front and back side pumping of Au/Fe/MgO(001) combined with detection in two-photon photoelectron emission spectroscopy we analyze local relaxation dynamics of excited electrons in buried Fe, injection into Au across the Fe-Au interface, and electron transport across the Au layer at 0.6 to 2.0 eV above the Fermi energy.

Sumit Rout, Ananda G. Maity, Amit Mukherjee, Saronath Halder

Nonlocality without entanglement and its subsequent generalizations offer deep information-theoretic insights and subsequently find several useful applications. Concept of genuinely nonlocal set of product states emerges as a natural multipartite generalization of this phenomenon. Existence of such sets eventually motivates the problem concerning their entan

Wang Yang, Alberto Nocera, Tarun Tummuru, Hae-Young Kee

We study the phase diagram of a one-dimensional version of the Kitaev spin-1/2 model with an extra ``$Γ$-term", using analytical, density matrix renormalization group and exact diagonalization methods. Two intriguing phases are found. In the gapless phase, although the exact symmetry group of the system is discrete, the low energy theory is described by

Nadine Große, Roger Nakad

Under some dimension restrictions, we prove that totally umbilical hypersurfaces of Spin$^c$ manifolds carrying a parallel, real or imaginary Killing spinor are of constant mean curvature. This extends to the Spin$^c$ case the result of O. Kowalski stating that, every totally umbilical hypersurface of an Einstein manifold of dimension greater or equal to $3$

Souvik Bandyopadhyay, Sourav Bhattacharjee, Amit Dutta

We quantitatively study the out-of-equilibrium edge-Majorana correlation in a linearly ramped one-dimensional Kitaev chain of finite length in a dissipative environment. The chemical potential is dynamically ramped to drive the chain from its topologically trivial to nontrivial phase in the presence of couplings to nonthermal Markovian baths. We consider two

Gerhard Hiss

If a finite quasisimple group G with simple quotient S is embedded into a suitable classical group X through the smallest degree of a projective representation of S, then the normalizer of G in X is a maximal subgroup of X, up to two series of exceptions where S is a Ree group, and four exceptions where S is sporadic.

Yu-Hui Chen, Sebastian P. Horvath, Jevon J. Longdell, Xiangdong Zhang

We demonstrate an optical unstable phase for a laser driven erbium ion ensemble. The transmitted light through an erbium-doped yttrium orthosillicate crystal becomes dynamically unstable when illuminated by a strong continuous-wave laser. Transient net gain was recorded if the light passes the sample twice. The experimental results are understood in the fram

Junru Zhou, Zhuosheng Zhang, Hai Zhao, Shuailiang Zhang

In this paper, we present a Linguistic Informed Multi-Task BERT (LIMIT-BERT) for learning language representations across multiple linguistic tasks by Multi-Task Learning (MTL). LIMIT-BERT includes five key linguistic syntax and semantics tasks: Part-Of-Speech (POS) tags, constituent and dependency syntactic parsing, span and dependency semantic role labelin

Kevin Goldstein, Vishnu Jejjala, Yang Lei, Sam van Leuven

Extremal black holes in general dimensions are well known to contain an AdS$_2$ factor in their near-horizon geometries. If the extremal limit is taken in conjunction with a specific vanishing horizon limit, the so-called Extremal Vanishing Horizon (EVH) limit, the AdS$_2$ factor lifts to a locally AdS$_3$ factor with a pinching angular direction. In this pa

Kecheng Qian, Jiaqi Shen

In the present study, we developed algorithms that are capable of measuring apparent magnitudes and the effective temperature of stars using raw images shot with amateur telescopes. The regularized Radial Basis Function (RBF) network, one of the machine learning algorithms, was employed to measure the effective temperature, and the simple function fitting me

Prosenjit Bose, Jean-Lou de Carufel, Olivier Devillers

We study online routing algorithms on the $Θ$6-graph and the half-$Θ$6-graph (which is equivalent to a variant of the Delaunay triangulation). Given a source vertex s and a target vertex t in the $Θ$6-graph (resp. half-$Θ$6-graph), there exists a deterministic online routing algorithm that finds a path from s to t whose length is at most 2 st (resp. 2.89 st)

Harukuni Ikeda

We discuss the physics of crystals with small polydispersity near the jamming transition point. For this purpose, we introduce an effective single-particle model taking into account the nearest neighbor structure of crystals. The model can be solved analytically by using the replica method in the limit of large dimensions. In the absence of polydispersity, t

Yoshiaki Okumura

For an extension $K/\mathbb{F}_q(T)$ of the rational function field over a finite field, we introduce the notion of virtually $K$-rational Drinfeld modules as a function field analogue of $\mathbb{Q}$-curves. Our goal in this article is to prove that all virtually $K$-rational Drinfeld modules of rank two with no complex multiplication are parametrized up to

Navjot Singh, Deepesh Data, Jemin George, Suhas Diggavi

In this paper, we propose and analyze SPARQ-SGD, which is an event-triggered and compressed algorithm for decentralized training of large-scale machine learning models. Each node can locally compute a condition (event) which triggers a communication where quantized and sparsified local model parameters are sent. In SPARQ-SGD each node takes at least a fixed

Heinke Hihn, Daniel A. Braun

The goal of meta-learning is to train a model on a variety of learning tasks, such that it can adapt to new problems within only a few iterations. Here we propose a principled information-theoretic model that optimally partitions the underlying problem space such that specialized expert decision-makers solve the resulting sub-problems. To drive this speciali

W. M. Snow, J. Apanavicius, K. A. Dickerson, J. S. Devaney

Many theories beyond the Standard Model postulate short-range modifications to gravity which produce deviations of Newton's gravitational potential from a strict $1/r$ dependence. It is common to analyze experiments searching for these modifications using a potential of the form $V^{\prime}(r)=-\frac{GMm}{r} [1+α\exp{(-r/λ)}]$. The best present constrain

Xu Zhao

Auto Composing is an active and appealing research area in the past few years, and lots of efforts have been put into inventing more robust models to solve this problem. With the fast evolution of deep learning techniques, some deep neural network-based language models are becoming dominant. Notably, the transformer structure has been proven to be very effic

Yuqing Kong, Chris Peikert, Grant Schoenebeck, Biaoshuai Tao

We consider a setting where a verifier with limited computation power delegates a resource intensive computation task---which requires a $T\times S$ computation tableau---to two provers where the provers are rational in that each prover maximizes their own payoff---taking into account losses incurred by the cost of computation. We design a mechanism called t

Tianhao Wang, Florian Kerschbaum

Watermarking of deep neural networks (DNN) can enable their tracing once released by a data owner. In this paper, we generalize white-box watermarking algorithms for DNNs, where the data owner needs white-box access to the model to extract the watermark. White-box watermarking algorithms have the advantage that they do not impact the accuracy of the watermar

Masaya Watabe, Kodai Shiba, Masaru Sogabe, Katsuyoshi Sakamoto

Quantum computing has the potential to outperform classical computers and is expected to play an active role in various fields. In quantum machine learning, a quantum computer has been found useful for enhanced feature representation and high dimensional state or function approximation. Quantum-Classical hybrid algorithms are proposed in recent years for thi

Dieterich Lawson, George Tucker, Bo Dai, Rajesh Ranganath

Energy-based models (EBMs) are powerful probabilistic models, but suffer from intractable sampling and density evaluation due to the partition function. As a result, inference in EBMs relies on approximate sampling algorithms, leading to a mismatch between the model and inference. Motivated by this, we consider the sampler-induced distribution as the model o

Yuichiro Koyama, Bhiksha Raj

Acoustic beamformers have been widely used to enhance audio signals. The best current methods are DNN-powered variants of the generalized eigenvalue beamformer, and DNN-based filterestimation methods that directly compute beamforming filters. Both approaches, while effective, have blindspots in their generalizability. We propose a novel approach that combine

To Chin Yu

We present a template-free method of estimating pulse height of micro-calorimeter signals based on principal component analysis (PCA). The method is shown to improve the resolution on a simulated dataset by 25\% compared to the standard filtering technique that uses the averaged pulse as an estimation for the signal template. This technique is useful for rec

Zehua Zhang, Chen Yu, David Crandall

Due to the foveated nature of the human vision system, people can focus their visual attention on a small region of their visual field at a time, which usually contains only a single object. Estimating this object of attention in first-person (egocentric) videos is useful for many human-centered real-world applications such as augmented reality applications

Seongyeon Kim, Ihyeok Seo, Jihyeon Seok

There have been a lot of works concerning the Strichartz estimates for the perturbed Schrödinger equation by potential. These can be basically carried out adopting the well-known procedure for obtaining the Strichartz estimates from the weighted $L^2$ resolvent estimates for the Laplacian. In this paper we handle the Strichartz estimates without relying on t

Sebastian Schuster, Yuxing Chen, Judith Degen

Pragmatic inferences often subtly depend on the presence or absence of linguistic features. For example, the presence of a partitive construction (of the) increases the strength of a so-called scalar inference: listeners perceive the inference that Chris did not eat all of the cookies to be stronger after hearing "Chris ate some of the cookies" than

Kane Douglas Townsend

Let $\ell$ be a prime divisor of the order of a finite unitary reflection group. We classify up to conjugacy the parabolic and reflection subgroups that are minimal with respect to inclusion, subject to containing an $\ell$-Sylow subgroup. The classification assists in describing the $\ell$-Sylow subgroups of unitary reflection groups up to group isomorphism

Vishal Arul

We classify all geometric torsion points on the Fermat quotients $y^n = x^d + 1$ where $n, d \ge 2$ are coprime. In addition, we classify all geometric torsion points on the generic superelliptic curve $y^n = (x - a_1) \cdots (x - a_d)$, extending a result of Poonen and Stoll, who considered the hyperelliptic $n = 2$ case.

Jonathan Horner, Pam Vervoort, Stephen R. Kane, Alma Y. Ceja

A wealth of Earth-sized exoplanets will be discovered in the coming years, proving a large pool of candidates from which the targets for the search for life beyond the Solar system will be chosen. The target selection process will require the leveraging of all available information in order to maximise the robustness of the target list and make the most prod

Vishal Arul

Fix distinct primes $\ell$ and $f$, a finite field $\mathbf{F}_{q}$ such that $q \equiv 1 \pmod{\ell f}$, and a character $χ: \mathbf{F}_{q}^{\times} \to \mathbf{C}^{\times}$ of exact order $\ell f$. We present a new $\ell$-adic congruence for the Jacobi sum $J(χ^{\ell}, χ^{f})$. These Jacobi sums are Frobenius eigenvalues of the curve $y^{\ell} = x^{f} + 1$

Victoria Rayskin

Let $X=C[0,1]$, and $Y$ be an arbitrary Banach space. Consider a collection of open segments $\{V_i \}\subset X$. Suppose the map $f: \cup_i V_i \to Y$ has $q$ bounded Fréchet derivatives ($q=0,1,...,\infty$), and $f$ and all its derivatives have continuous bounded limits at the boundary. Then, subject to some non-intercept condition for the segments $V_i$,

Ryan Bignell, Waseem Kamleh, Derek Leinweber

Background field methods provide an important nonperturbative formalism for the determination of hadronic properties which are complementary to matrix-element calculations. However, new challenges are encountered when utilising a fermion action exposed to additive mass renormalisations. In this case, the background field can induce an undesired field-depende

Karel Schrijver, Fran Bagenal, Tim Bastian, Juerg Beer

Heliophysics is the system science of the physical connections between the Sun and the solar system. As the physics of the local cosmos, it embraces space weather and planetary habitability. The wider view of comparative heliophysics forms a template for conditions in exoplanetary systems and provides a view over time of the aging Sun and its magnetic activi

V. S. Sandeep Inakollu, Daan P. Geerke, Christopher N. Rowley, Haibo Yu

The quality of biomolecular simulations critically depends on the accuracy of the force field used to calculate the potential energy of the molecular configurations. Currently, most simulations employ non-polarisable force fields, which describe electrostatic interactions as the sum of Coulombic interactions between fixed atomic charges. Polarization of thes

Miao Li, Stephanie Tonnesen

Feedback is indispensable in galaxy formation. However, lacking resolutions, cosmological simulations often use ad hoc feedback parameters. Conversely, small-box simulations, while better resolving the feedback, cannot capture gas evolution beyond the simulation domain. We aim to bridge the gap by implementing small-box results of supernovae-driven outflows

Hassan Attarchi

In this paper, a $3$-Kenmotsu structure is defined on a $4n+1$ dimensional manifold where such structure seems to be never studied before.

Zimu Li

This paper is motivated by recent developments of higher gauge theory. Different from its style of using higher category theory, we try to describe the concept of higher parallel transport within setting of classical principal bundle theory. From this perspective, we obtain a global geometric proof on a generalized 3-dimensional non-abelian Stokes' theor

Anthony Ebert, Pierre Pudlo, Kerrie Mengersen, Paul Wu

State space models contain time-indexed parameters, termed states, as well as static parameters, simply termed parameters. The problem of inferring both static parameters as well as states simultaneously, based on time-indexed observations, is the subject of much recent literature. This problem is compounded once we consider models with intractable likelihoo

Dries Sels, Hesam Dashti, Samia Mora, Olga Demler

Recent technological advances may lead to the development of small scale quantum computers capable of solving problems that cannot be tackled with classical computers. A limited number of algorithms has been proposed and their relevance to real world problems is a subject of active investigation. Analysis of many-body quantum system is particularly challengi

Yang Wu, Pengxu Wei, Liang Lin

In this paper, we propose a novel numerical scheme to optimize the gradient flows for learning energy-based models (EBMs). From a perspective of physical simulation, we redefine the problem of approximating the gradient flow utilizing optimal transport (i.e. Wasserstein) metric. In EBMs, the learning process of stepwise sampling and estimating data distribut

Rebecca L. Russell, Christopher Reale

Deep learning has the potential to dramatically impact navigation and tracking state estimation problems critical to autonomous vehicles and robotics. Measurement uncertainties in state estimation systems based on Kalman and other Bayes filters are typically assumed to be a fixed covariance matrix. This assumption is risky, particularly for "black box&#3

Mayank Baranwal, Kunal Garg, Dimitra Panagou, Alfred O. Hero

The centralized power generation infrastructure that defines the North American electric grid is slowly moving to the distributed architecture due to the explosion in use of renewable generation and distributed energy resources (DERs), such as residential solar, wind turbines and battery storage. Furthermore, variable pricing policies and profusion of flexib

Liyao Lyu, Zhiwen Zhang, Jingrun Chen

Exciton diffusion plays a vital role in the function of many organic semiconducting opto-electronic devices, where an accurate description requires precise control of heterojunctions. This poses a challenging problem because the parameterization of heterojunctions in high-dimensional random space is far beyond the capability of classical simulation tools. He

Jialin Wu, Raymond J. Mooney

Most RNN-based image captioning models receive supervision on the output words to mimic human captions. Therefore, the hidden states can only receive noisy gradient signals via layers of back-propagation through time, leading to less accurate generated captions. Consequently, we propose a novel framework, Hidden State Guidance (HSG), that matches the hidden

Anastasia Razdaibiedina, Jeevaa Velayutham, Miti Modi

Deep learning methods are becoming widely used for restoration of defects associated with fluorescence microscopy imaging. One of the major challenges in application of such methods is the availability of training data. In this work, we propose a unified method for reconstruction of multi-defect fluorescence microscopy images when training data is limited. O

Daniel Goldfarb, Scott Evans

Recent developments have linked causal inference with Algorithmic Information Theory, and methods have been developed that utilize Conditional Kolmogorov Complexity to determine causation between two random variables. We present a method for inferring causal direction between continuous variables by using an MDL Binning technique for data discretization and

Nguyen Huy Tuan, Tran Ngoc Thach, Donal O'Regan, Nguyen Huu Can

In this paper, we study the problem of finding the solution of a multi-dimensional time fractional reactiondiffusion equation with nonlinear source from the final value data. We prove that the present problem is not well-posed. Then regularized problems are constructed using the truncated expansion method (in the case of two-dimensional) and the quasi-bounda

Thomas Morrill, Dave Platt, Tim Trudgian

Let $V(T)$ denote the number of sign changes in $ψ(x) - x$ for $x\in[1, T]$. We show that $\liminf_{\;T\rightarrow\infty} V(T)/\log T \geq γ_{1}/π+ 1.867\cdot 10^{-30}$, where $γ_{1} = 14.13\ldots$ denotes the ordinate of the lowest-lying non-trivial zero of the Riemann zeta-function. This improves on a long-standing result by Kaczorowski.

Andrea C. Burgess, Rosalind A. Cameron, Nancy E. Clarke, Peter Danziger

We introduce the game of Surrounding Cops and Robbers on a graph, as a variant of the original game of Cops and Robbers. In contrast to the original game in which the cops win by occupying the same vertex as the robber, they now win by occupying each of the robber's neighbouring vertices. We denote by $σ(G)$ the {\em surrounding cop number} of $G$, namel

Arnaldo Rodriguez-Gonzalez, Jason P. Gleghorn, Brian J. Kirby

In this paper, we describe the unification and extension of multiple kinematic theories on the advection of colloidal particles through periodic obstacle lattices of arbitrary geometry and infinitesimally small obstacle size. We focus specifically on the particle displacement lateral to the flow direction (termed "deterministic lateral displacement")

Junqing Xu, Adela Habib, Sushant Kumar, Feng Wu

Designing new quantum materials with long-lived electron spin states urgently requires a general theoretical formalism and computational technique to reliably predict intrinsic spin relaxation times. We present a new, accurate and universal first-principles methodology based on Lindbladian dynamics of density matrices to calculate spin-phonon relaxation time

Yun-Cherng Lin, Michael P. Hobson, Anthony N. Lasenby

We present 48 further examples, in addition to the 10 identified in [1], of ghost-and-tachyon-free critical cases of parity-conserving Poincaré gauge theories of gravity (PGT$^+$) that are also power-counting renormalizable (PCR). This is achieved by extending the range of critical cases considered. Of the new PCR theories, seven have 2 massless degrees of f

M. R. Norman, N. J. Laurita, D. Hsieh

Recent evidence from magnetic torque, electron spin resonance, and second harmonic generation indicate that the prototypical quantum spin liquid candidate, herbertsmithite, has a symmetry lower than its x-ray refined trigonal space group. Here, we consider known and possible distortions of this mineral class, along with related copper kagome oxides and fluor

Matthew J. Miller, Matthew J. Cabral, Elizabeth C. Dickey, James M. LeBeau

Scientists use imaging to identify objects of interest and infer properties of these objects. The locations of these objects are often measured with error, which when ignored leads to biased parameter estimates and inflated variance. Current measurement error methods require an estimate or knowledge of the measurement error variance to correct these estimate

M. Sirlanci, M. E. Levine, C. C. Low Wang, D. J. Albers

In this paper, we build a new, simple, and interpretable mathematical model to estimate and forecast physiology related to the human glucose-insulin system, constrained by available data. By constructing a simple yet flexible model class with interpretable parameters, this general model can be specialized to work in different settings, such as type 2 diabete

Jacopo Iacovacci, Alina Peluso, Timothy Ebbels, Markus Ralser

Mass-spectrometry technologies are widely used in the fields of ionomics and metabolomics to simultaneously profile at the genome scale intracellular concentrations of e.g. amino acids or elements. Short profiles of molecular or sub-molecular features are intrinsically non-Gaussian and may reveal patterns of correlations that reflect the system nature of the

Yan-Bin Yang, Kai Li, Yong Xu

Topological phases of matter are generally characterized by topological properties of energy bands of a system. Their transitions under preserved symmetries occur through closing a gap of energy bands, leading to topologically protected edge states in energy spectra in topological phases. Here we predict a new topological phase that emerges through closing a

A. Martina Neuman

Consider a monomial curve $γ:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}^{d}$ and a family of truncated Hilbert transforms along $γ$, $\mathcal{H}^γ$. This paper addresses the possibility of the pointwise sparse domination of the $r$-variation of $\mathcal{H}^γ$ - namely, whether the following is true: \begin{equation*}V^{r}\circ\mathcal{H}^γf(x)\lesssim \mathcal{S}f(x)\end{equ

T. Jayasinghe, K. Z. Stanek, C. S. Kochanek, P. J. Vallely

We characterize an all-sky catalog of ${\sim} 8,400$ $δ$ Scuti variables in ASAS-SN, which includes ${\sim} 3,300$ new discoveries. Using distances from \textit{Gaia} DR2, we derive period-luminosity relationships (PLRs) for both the fundamental mode and overtone pulsators in the $W_{JK}$, $V$, Gaia DR2 $G$, $J$, $H$, $K_s$ and $W_1$ bands. We find that the

Narayanasami Sathyamurthy, Michael Baer, Satyam Ravi, Soumya Mukherjee

In the early universe, following the nucleosynthesis, conditions were right for recombination processes to take place yielding neutral atoms H, He and Li. The understanding so far in astrophysics is that the first molecule to be formed was HeH+ by radiative association (He + H+ -> HeH+ + h(nu) and He+ + H -> HeH+ + h(nu). The recent report by Guesten et al (

Robin Singh, Yuqi Nie, Anuradha Murthy Agarwal, Brian W Anthony

Metasurfaces provide the disruptive technology enabling miniaturization of complex cascades of optical elements on a plane. We leverage the benefits of such a surface to develop a planar integrated photonic beam collimator for on-chip optofluidic sensing applications. While most of the current work focuses on miniaturizing the optical "detection" har

Edoardo Longo, Alessandro Enrico Cesare Redondi, Matteo Cesana, Andrès Arcia-Moret

MQTT, one of the most popular protocols for the IoT, works according to a publish/subscribe pattern in which multiple clients connect to a single broker, generally hosted in the cloud. However, such a centralised approach does not scale well considering the massive numbers of IoT devices forecasted in the next future, thus calling for distributed solutions i