October 2020 arXiv papers — page 70

Elliot Schumacher, James Mayfield, Mark Dredze

Cross-language entity linking grounds mentions in multiple languages to a single-language knowledge base. We propose a neural ranking architecture for this task that uses multilingual BERT representations of the mention and the context in a neural network. We find that the multilingual ability of BERT leads to robust performance in monolingual and multilingu

Fushuai Jiang, Garving K. Luli, Kevin O'Neill

In this paper, we improve the finiteness constant for the finiteness principles for $C^m(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{R}^d)$ and $C^{m-1,1}(\mathbb{R}^n,\mathbb{R}^D)$ selection proven by Fefferman, Israel, and the second author and extend the more general shape fields finiteness principle to the vector-valued case.

Pavel A. Denissenkov, Chris Ruiz, Sriteja Upadhyayula, Falk Herwig

Recent spectroscopic measurements of the equivalent widths of the resonant Be II doublet and Ca II K lines and their ratios in expanding nova ejecta indicate surprisingly high abundances of $^7$Be with a typical mass fraction $X_\mathrm{obs}(^7\mathrm{Be}) = 10^{-4}$. This is an order of magnitude larger than theoretically predicted values of $X_\mathrm{theo

Ryan Roussel, Adi Hanuka, Auralee Edelen

Particle accelerators require constant tuning during operation to meet beam quality, total charge and particle energy requirements for use in a wide variety of physics, chemistry and biology experiments. Maximizing the performance of an accelerator facility often necessitates multi-objective optimization, where operators must balance trade-offs between multi

Qian M. Zhou, Zhe Lu, Russell J. Brooke, Melissa M Hudson

Incremental value (IncV) evaluates the performance change from an existing risk model to a new model. It is one of the key considerations in deciding whether a new risk model performs better than the existing one. Problems arise when different IncV metrics contradict each other. For example, compared with a prescribed-dose model, an ovarian-dose model for pr

Andrew W. Jackura, Raúl A. Briceño, Sebastian M. Dawid, Md Habib E Islam

We present a systematically improvable method for numerically solving relativistic three-body integral equations for the partial-wave projected amplitudes. The method consists of a discretization procedure in momentum space, which approximates the continuum problem with a matrix equation. It is solved for different matrix sizes, and in the end, an extrapolat

Mohammad Reza Karimi, Nezihe Merve Gürel, Bojan Karlaš, Johannes Rausch

Given $k$ pre-trained classifiers and a stream of unlabeled data examples, how can we actively decide when to query a label so that we can distinguish the best model from the rest while making a small number of queries? Answering this question has a profound impact on a range of practical scenarios. In this work, we design an online selective sampling approa

Gheorghe Nenciu, Irina Nenciu, Ryan Obermeyer

We prove essential self-adjointness of Dirac operators with Lorentz scalar potentials which grow sufficiently fast near the boundary $\partial\Omega$ of the spatial domain $\Omega\subset\mathbb R^d$. On the way, we first consider general symmetric first order differential systems, for which we identify a new, large class of potentials, called scalar potentia

Tong Shen, Yuan Liu, Yang Yu, Brenda Rubenstein

Finite temperature auxiliary field-based Quantum Monte Carlo methods, including Determinant Quantum Monte Carlo (DQMC) and Auxiliary Field Quantum Monte Carlo (AFQMC), have historically assumed pivotal roles in the investigation of the finite temperature phase diagrams of a wide variety of multidimensional lattice models and materials. Despite their utility,

Aaron Benda

We show existence of smooth, weakly mixing reparametrizations of some linear flows on $\mathbb{T}^2$ for which all orbits sampled at prime times are dense.

Silvia Pla, Ian M. Newsome, Robert S. Link, Paul R. Anderson

Solutions to the backreaction equation in 1+1-dimensional semiclassical electrodynamics are obtained and analyzed when considering a time-varying homogeneous electric field initially generated by a classical electric current, coupled to either a quantized scalar field or a quantized spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ field. Particle production by way of the Schwinger effect

Daniel C. Cohen, Michael Farber, Shmuel Weinberger

Parametrized motion planning algorithms have high degrees of universality and flexibility, as they are designed to work under a variety of external conditions, which are viewed as parameters and form part of the input of the underlying motion planning problem. In this paper, we analyze the parameterized motion planning problem for the motion of many distinct

Georgii Veprev

Let $G$ be a non-periodic amenable group. We prove that there does not exist a topological action of $G$ for which the set of ergodic invariant measures coincides with the set of all ergodic measure-theoretic $G$-systems of entropy zero. Previously J. Serafin, answering a question by B. Weiss, proved the same for $G = \mathbb{Z}$.

Jędrzej Garnek

We prove a conjecture of Johansen, Helleseth and Kholosha concerning equality of exponential sums related to the cross-correlation of $m$-sequences. In the proof we show that certain Artin-Schreier curves have the same number of points over finite fields. This has a consequence regarding the L-polynomials of these curves.

Franz Schreier, Philipp Hochstaffl

For accurate line-by-line modeling of molecular cross sections several physical processes "beyond Voigt" have to be considered. For the speed-dependent Voigt and Rautian profiles (SDV, SDR) and the Hartmann-Tran profile the difference $w(i z_-)-w(i z_+)$ of two complex error functions (essentially Voigt functions) has to be evaluated where the function argum

Jie Zhao, Huan Sun

Code retrieval is a key task aiming to match natural and programming languages. In this work, we propose adversarial learning for code retrieval, that is regularized by question-description relevance. First, we adapt a simple adversarial learning technique to generate difficult code snippets given the input question, which can help the learning of code retri

Yan Xia, Ted Hsuan Yun Chen, Mikko Kivelä

Characterising the spreading of ideas within echo chambers is essential for understanding polarisation. In this paper, we explore the characteristics of popular and viral content in climate change discussions on Twitter around the 2019 announcement of the Nobel Peace Prize, where we find the retweet network of users to be polarised into two well-separated gr

Wei Deng, Guang Lin, Faming Liang

We propose an adaptively weighted stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics algorithm (SGLD), so-called contour stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics (CSGLD), for Bayesian learning in big data statistics. The proposed algorithm is essentially a \emph{scalable dynamic importance sampler}, which automatically \emph{flattens} the target distribution such that the s

Antoine Fruleux, Arezki Boudaoud

Many media are divided into elementary units with irregular shape and size, as exemplified by domains in magnetic materials, bubbles in foams, or cells in biological tissues. Such media are essentially characterized by geometrical disorder of their elementary units, which we term cells. Cells set a reference scale at which are often assessed parameters and f

Liam Jolliffe

Using purely combinatorial methods we calculate the first degree cohomology of Specht modules indexed by two part partitions over fields of characteristic $p\ge 3$. These combinatorial methods also allow us to obtain an explicit description of all of the non-split extensions of the Specht module, $S^\lambda$, by the trivial module. Applying this work to part

Gabriel German

We eliminate the parameters originally present in models of inflation of the $\alpha$-attractor type in favor of the scalar spectral index $n_s$ and the tensor-to-scalar ratio $r$. We then write expressions for the number of $e$-folds during reheating $ N_ {re} $. By imposing reasonable conditions on $N_{re}$ we can restrict $n_s$ and $r$ and in turn, we use

Gilles Parez, Riccarda Bonsignori, Pasquale Calabrese

The time evolution of the entanglement entropy is a key concept to understand the structure of a non-equilibrium quantum state. In a large class of models, such evolution can be understood in terms of a semiclassical picture of moving quasiparticles spreading the entanglement throughout the system. However, it is not yet known how the entanglement splits bet

Guy David, Svitlana Mayboroda

The present paper establishes equivalence between uniform rectifiability of the boundary of a domain and the property that the Green function for elliptic operators is well approximated by affine functions (distance to the hyperplanes). The results are novel in a variety of ways, in particular (1) this is the first time the underlying property of the control

Amir Mukeri, Habibullah Shaikh, D. P. Gaikwad

In recent years, bankruptcy forecasting has gained lot of attention from researchers as well as practitioners in the field of financial risk management. For bankruptcy prediction, various approaches proposed in the past and currently in practice relies on accounting ratios and using statistical modeling or machine learning methods. These models have had vary

Ke Chen, Ruhui Jin

Constrained least squares problems arise in many applications. Their memory and computation costs are expensive in practice involving high-dimensional input data. We employ the so-called "sketching" strategy to project the least squares problem onto a space of a much lower "sketching dimension" via a random sketching matrix. The key idea of sketching is to r

Shimul K Dam, Vinod John

A selection switch based cell-to-cell voltage equalizer requires only one dual-port dc-dc converter shared by all the cells. A cell-to-cell voltage equalizer is proposed that utilizes a capacitively level-shifted Cuk converter and low-frequency cell selection switches. The absence of isolation transformer and diodes in the equalizer leads to high efficiency,

Stewart Koppell, Mark Kasevich

In order to efficiently image a non-absorbing sample (a phase object), dedicated phase contrast optics are required. Typically, these optics are designed with the assumption that the sample is weakly scattering, implying a linear relation between a sample's phase and its transmission function. In the strongly scattering, non-linear case, the standard opt

M. Evangelista-Alvarado, J. C. Ruíz-Pantaleón, P. Suárez-Serrato

We present twelve numerical methods for evaluation of objects and concepts from Poisson geometry. We describe how each method works with examples, and explain how it is executed in code. These include methods that evaluate Hamiltonian and modular vector fields, compute the image under the coboundary and trace operators, the Lie bracket of differential 1-form

Honglei Li, Huayang Song, Shufang Su, Wei Su

In this work, we study the implication of Higgs precision measurements at future Higgs factories on the MSSM parameter space, focusing on the dominant stop sector contributions. We perform a multi-variable fit to both the signal strength for various Higgs decay channels at Higgs factories and the Higgs mass. The chi-square fit results show sensitivity to mA,

Wenhao Yu, Lingfei Wu, Yu Deng, Qingkai Zeng

Building automatic technical support system is an important yet challenge task. Conceptually, to answer a user question on a technical forum, a human expert has to first retrieve relevant documents, and then read them carefully to identify the answer snippet. Despite huge success the researchers have achieved in coping with general domain question answering

Adel Al-Dawood, Serene Alhajhussein, Svetlana Yarosh

Finding a date or a spouse online is usually considered an individualistic endeavor in Western cultures. This presents a challenge for collectivist non-Western cultures such as Saudi Arabia where choosing a spouse is viewed as a union of two families with parents of both spouses being heavily involved. Our work aims to investigate how Saudi Arabian parents v

Xincheng Zhang

It has been discovered that the Kadomtsev-Petviashvili(KP) equation governs the distribution of the fluctuation of many random growth models, in particular, the Tracy-Widom distributions appear as special self-similar solutions of the KP equation. We prove that the anti-derivative of Baik-Rains distribution, which governs the fluctuation of the models in the

Blake Keeler, Jeremy L. Marzuola

We investigate the dispersive properties of solutions to the Schr\"odinger equation with a weakly decaying radial potential on cones. If the potential has sufficient polynomial decay at infinity, then we show that the Schr\"odinger flow on each eigenspace of the link manifold satisfies a weighted $L^1\to L^\infty$ dispersive estimate. In odd dimensions, the

Mareike Dressler, Robert Krone

Low-rank matrix completion addresses the problem of completing a matrix from a certain set of generic specified entries. Over the complex numbers a matrix with a given entry pattern can be uniquely completed to a specific rank, called the generic completion rank. Completions over the reals may generically have multiple completion ranks, called typical ranks.

Ming Zhou, Jun Luo, Julian Villella, Yaodong Yang

Multi-agent interaction is a fundamental aspect of autonomous driving in the real world. Despite more than a decade of research and development, the problem of how to competently interact with diverse road users in diverse scenarios remains largely unsolved. Learning methods have much to offer towards solving this problem. But they require a realistic multi-

Michael J. Gullans, Stefan Krastanov, David A. Huse, Liang Jiang

Random quantum circuits have played a central role in establishing the computational advantages of near-term quantum computers over their conventional counterparts. Here, we use ensembles of low-depth random circuits with local connectivity in $D\ge 1$ spatial dimensions to generate quantum error-correcting codes. For random stabilizer codes and the erasure

Magdalena Djordjevic, Stefan Stojku, Dusan Zigic, Bojana Ilic

High $p_\perp$ theory and data are commonly used to study high $p_\perp$ parton interactions with QGP, while low $p_\perp$ data and corresponding models are employed to infer QGP bulk properties. On the other hand, with a proper description of high $p_\perp$ parton-medium interactions, high $p_\perp$ probes become also powerful tomography tools, since they a

Marcin Kalinowski, Yidan Wang, Przemyslaw Bienias, Michael J. Gullans

Rydberg polaritons provide an example of a rare type of system where three-body interactions can be as strong or even stronger than two-body interactions. The three-body interactions can be either dispersive or dissipative, with both types possibly giving rise to exotic, strongly-interacting, and topological phases of matter. Despite past theoretical and exp

Maria Moreno-Cardoner, Raphael Holzinger, Helmut Ritsch

Quantum emitters in confined arrays exhibit geometry dependent collective dynamics. In particular, nanoscopic regular polygon-shaped arrays can possess sub-radiant states with an exciton lifetime growing exponentially with emitter number. We show that by placing an extra resonant absorptive dipole at the ring center, such a structure becomes a highly efficie

Stephen Chung

An artificial neural network can be trained by uniformly broadcasting a reward signal to units that implement a REINFORCE learning rule. Though this presents a biologically plausible alternative to backpropagation in training a network, the high variance associated with it renders it impractical to train deep networks. The high variance arises from the ineff

Jorick S. Vink, Erin R. Higgins, Andreas A. C. Sander, Gautham N. Sabhahit

At the end of its life, a very massive star is expected to collapse into a black hole. The recent detection of an 85 Msun black hole from the gravitational wave event GW 190521 appears to present a fundamental problem as to how such heavy black holes exist above the approximately 50 Msun pair-instability limit where stars are expected to be blown to pieces w

Caucher Birkar, Gabriele Di Cerbo, Roberto Svaldi

We show that for each fixed dimension $d\geq 2$, the set of $d$-dimensional klt elliptic varieties with numerically trivial canonical bundle is bounded up to isomorphism in codimension one, provided that the torsion index of the canonical class is bounded and the elliptic fibration admits a rational section. This case builds on an analogous boundedness resul

Amani Abu Jabal, Elisa Bertino, Jorge Lobo, Dinesh Verma

Technology advances in areas such as sensors, IoT, and robotics, enable new collaborative applications (e.g., autonomous devices). A primary requirement for such collaborations is to have a secure system which enables information sharing and information flow protection. Policy-based management system is a key mechanism for secure selective sharing of protect

J. Samsing, I. Bartos, D. J. D'Orazio, Z. Haiman

There is some weak evidence that the black hole merger named GW190521 had a non-zero eccentricity. In addition, the component black holes' masses exceeded the limit predicted by stellar evolution. The large masses can be explained by successive mergers, which may be efficient in gas disks surrounding active galactic nuclei (AGN), but it is difficult to maint

K. Beuermann, V. Burwitz, K. Reinsch, A. Schwope

We report results on the ROSAT-discovered noneclipsing short-period polars RX J0154.0-5947, RX J0600.5-2709, RX J0859.1+0537, RX J0953.1+1458, and RX J1002.2-1925 collected over 30 years. We present accurate linear orbital ephemerides that allow a correct phasing of data taken decades apart. Three of the systems show cyclotron and Zeeman lines that yield mag

Yize Dong, S. Valenti, K. A. Bostroem, D. J. Sand

We present multi-band photometry and spectroscopy of SN 2018cuf, a Type IIP ("P" for plateau) supernova (SN) discovered by the Distance Less Than 40 Mpc survey (DLT40) within 24 hours of explosion. SN 2018cuf appears to be a typical Type IIP SN, with an absolute $V$-band magnitude of $-$16.73 $\pm$ 0.32 at maximum and a decline rate of 0.21 $\pm$ 0.05 mag/50

Magdalena Larfors, Davide Passaro, Robin Schneider

The systematic program of heterotic line bundle model building has resulted in a wealth of standard-like models (SLM) for particle physics. In this paper, we continue this work in the setting of generalised Complete Intersection Calabi Yau (gCICY) manifolds. Using the gCICYs constructed in Ref. [1], we identify two geometries that, when combined with line bu

Disha Bhatia, Satyanarayan Mukhopadhyay

Using the upper bound on the inelastic reaction cross-section implied by S-matrix unitarity, we derive the thermally averaged maximum dark matter (DM) annihilation rate for general $k \rightarrow 2$ number-changing reactions, with $k \geq 2$, taking place either entirely within the dark sector, or involving standard model fields. This translates to a maximum

I. A. G. Snellen, L. Guzman-Ramirez, M. R. Hogerheijde, A. P. S. Hygate

Context: ALMA observations of Venus at 267 GHz have been presented in the literature that show the apparent presence of phosphine (PH3) in its atmosphere. Phosphine has currently no evident production routes on the planet's surface or in its atmosphere. Aims: The aim of this work is to assess the statistical reliability of the line detection by independe

Alek Bedroya

Motivated by the coincidence of scrambling time in de Sitter and maximum lifetime given by the $\textit{Trans-Planckian Censorship Conjecture}$ (TCC), we study the relation between the de Sitter complementarity and the Swampland conditions. We study thermalization in de Sitter space from different perspectives and show that TCC implies de Sitter space cannot

Eirik Holm Fyhn, Jacob Linder

Contrary to the expected detrimental influence on superconductivity when applying a magnetic field, we predict that the abrupt onset of such a field can temporarily strongly enhance the superconducting order parameter. Specifically, we find that the supercurrent in a Josephson junction with a normal metal weak link can increase more than twentyfold in this w

Alessandro Codello, Mahmoud Safari, Gian Paolo Vacca, Omar Zanusso

We investigate a perturbatively renormalizable $S_{q}$ invariant model with $N=q-1$ scalar field components below the upper critical dimension $d_c=\frac{10}{3}$. Our results hint at the existence of multicritical generalizations of the critical models of spanning random clusters and percolations in three dimensions. We also discuss the role of our multicrit

Taige Wang, Noah F. Q. Yuan, Liang Fu

Recently, moir\'e superlattices have been found on the surface of topological insulators (TI) due to the rotational misalignment of topmost layers. In this work, we study the effects of moir\'e superlattices on the topological surface states using a continuum model of Dirac electrons moving in a periodic potential. Unlike twisted bilayer graphene, moir\'e su

Wei Wei, E. A. Huerta

We introduce deep learning time-series forecasting for gravitational wave detection of binary neutron star mergers. This method enables the identification of these signals in real advanced LIGO data up to 30 seconds before merger. When applied to GW170817, our deep learning forecasting method identifies the presence of this gravitational wave signal 10 secon

James B. Dent, Bhaskar Dutta, Jayden L. Newstead, Ian M. Shoemaker

Non-relativistic Dark Matter (DM) can be accelerated by scattering on high-energy cosmic-ray (CR) electrons. This process leads to a sub-population of relativistic or semi-relativistic DM which extends the experimental reach for direct detection in the sub-GeV mass regime. In this paper we examine the current and future potential of this mechanism for constr

F. Lagos, M. R. Schreiber, M. Zorotovic, B. T. Gänsicke

The discovery of a giant planet candidate orbiting the white dwarf WD 1856+534 with an orbital period of 1.4 d poses the questions of how the planet reached its current position. We here reconstruct the evolutionary history of the system assuming common envelope evolution as the main mechanism that brought the planet to its current position. We find that com

Gian Giacomo Guerreschi

Classical simulators play a major role in the development and benchmark of quantum algorithms and practically any software framework for quantum computation provides the option of running the algorithms on simulators. However, the development of quantum simulators was substantially separated from the rest of the software frameworks which, instead, focus on u

Ouail Kitouni, Benjamin Nachman, Constantin Weisser, Mike Williams

A key challenge in searches for resonant new physics is that classifiers trained to enhance potential signals must not induce localized structures. Such structures could result in a false signal when the background is estimated from data using sideband methods. A variety of techniques have been developed to construct classifiers which are independent from th

Felix Giese, Thomas Konstandin, Kai Schmitz, Jorinde van de Vis

We provide an easy method to obtain the kinetic energy fraction in gravitational waves, generated during a cosmological first-order phase transition, as a function of only the wall velocity and quantities that can be determined from the particle physics model at the nucleation temperature. This generalizes recent work that achieved this goal for detonations.

Oscar Varela

Exceptional Field Theory has been recently shown to be very powerful to compute Kaluza-Klein spectra. Using these techniques, the mass matrix of Kaluza-Klein vector perturbations about a specific class of AdS$_4$ solutions of $D=11$ and massive type IIA supergravity is determined. These results are then employed to characterise the complete supersymmetric sp

Maria Tikhanovskaya, Haoyu Guo, Subir Sachdev, Grigory Tarnopolsky

We study the low frequency spectra of complex Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) models at general densities. The analysis applies also to SU($M$) magnets with random exchange at large $M$. The spectral densities are computed by numerical analysis of the saddle point equations on the real frequency ($\omega$) axis at zero temperature ($T$). The asymptotic low $\omega$

Mathew Bullimore, Samuel Crew, Daniel Zhang

We revisit the factorisation of supersymmetric partition functions of 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ gauge theories. The building blocks are hemisphere partition functions of a class of UV $\mathcal{N}=(2,2)$ boundary conditions that mimic the presence of isolated vacua at infinity in the presence of real mass and FI parameters. These building blocks can be unambiguousl

James Esdaile, Karl Glazebrook, Ivo Labbe, Edward Taylor

We present the velocity dispersion measurements of four massive $\sim10^{11}M_\odot$ quiescent galaxies at $3.2 < z < 3.7$ based on deep H and K$-$band spectra using the Keck/MOSFIRE near-infrared spectrograph. We find high velocity dispersions of order $\sigma_e\sim250$ km/s based on strong Balmer absorption lines and combine these with size measurements ba

Giacomo Sberveglieri, Marco Serone, Gabriele Spada

In the classically unbroken phase, 3d $O(N)$ symmetric $\phi^4$ vector models admit two equivalent descriptions connected by a strong-weak duality closely related to the one found by Chang and Magruder long ago. We determine the exact analytic renormalization dependence of the critical couplings in the weak and strong branches as a function of the renormaliz

Daniel R. Mayerson

The advent of gravitational waves and black hole imaging has opened a new window into probing the horizon scale of black holes. An important question is whether string theory results for black holes can predict interesting and observable features that current and future experiments can probe. In this article I review the budding and exciting research being d

Matthew Dodelson, Hirosi Ooguri

We analyze the singularities of the two-point function in a conformal field theory at finite temperature. In a free theory, the only singularity is along the boundary light cone. In the holographic limit, a new class of singularities emerges since two boundary points can be connected by a nontrivial null geodesic in the bulk, encircling the photon sphere of

Samuel Crew, Nick Dorey, Daniel Zhang

We study the hemisphere partition function of a three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric $U(N)$ gauge theory with one adjoint and one fundamental hypermultiplet -- the ADHM quiver theory. In particular, we propose a distinguished set of UV boundary conditions which yield Verma modules of the quantised chiral rings of the Higgs and Coulomb branches. I

Ken Osato, Jia Liu, Zoltán Haiman

We study the effect of baryonic processes on weak lensing (WL) observables with a suite of mock WL maps, the $\kappa$TNG, based on the cosmological hydrodynamic simulations IllustrisTNG. We quantify the baryonic effects on the WL angular power spectrum, one-point probability distribution function (PDF), and number counts of peaks and minima. We also show the

Nikhil Anand, Emanuel Katz, Zuhair U. Khandker, Matthew T. Walters

We use Lightcone Conformal Truncation (LCT) -- a version of Hamiltonian truncation -- to study the nonperturbative, real-time dynamics of $\phi^4$-theory in 2+1 dimensions. This theory has UV divergences that need to be regulated. We review how, in a Hamiltonian framework with a total energy cutoff, renormalization is necessarily \emph{state-dependent}, and

Enrico Garaldi, Rüdiger Pakmor, Volker Springel

We study the evolution of magnetic fields generated by charge segregation ahead of ionization fronts during the Epoch of Reionization, and their effects on galaxy formation. We compare this magnetic seeding process with the Biermann battery, injection from supernovae, and an imposed seed field at redshift $z\gtrsim127$. Using a suite of self-consistent cosmo

Anna Hackenbroich, Ana Hudomal, Norbert Schuch, B. Andrei Bernevig

We propose and study a wave function describing an interacting three-dimensional fractional chiral hinge insulator (FCHI) constructed by Gutzwiller projection of two non-interacting second order topological insulators with chiral hinge modes at half filling. We use large-scale variational Monte Carlo computations to characterize the model states via the enta

Jennifer Cano, Shiang Fang, J. H. Pixley, Justin H. Wilson

Twisting van der Waals heterostructures to induce correlated many-body states provides a novel tuning mechanism in solid-state physics. In this work, we theoretically investigate the fate of the surface Dirac cone of a three-dimensional topological insulator subject to a superlattice potential. Using a combination of diagrammatic perturbation theory, lattice

Nicolás Bernal, Óscar Zapata

The evaporation of primordial black holes (PBH) with masses ranging from $\sim 10^{-1}$ to $\sim 10^9$ g could have generated the whole observed dark matter (DM) relic density. It is typically assumed that after being produced, its abundance freezes and remains constant. However, thermalization and number-changing processes in the dark sector can have a stro

D. O. Jones, R. J. Foley, G. Narayan, J. Hjorth

Time domain science has undergone a revolution over the past decade, with tens of thousands of new supernovae (SNe) discovered each year. However, several observational domains, including SNe within days or hours of explosion and faint, red transients, are just beginning to be explored. Here, we present the Young Supernova Experiment (YSE), a novel optical t

V. R. Marthi, D. Simard, R. A. Main, U. -L. Pen

We report on the simultaneous Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT) and Algonquin Radio Observatory (ARO) observations at 550-750 MHz of the scintillation of PSR B1508+55, resulting in a $\sim$10,000-km baseline. This regime of measurement lies between the shorter few 100-1000~km baselines of earlier multi-station observations and the much longer earth-spac

Chloe M. Cheng, Natalie Price-Jones, Jo Bovy

Chemically tagging stars back to common formation sites in the Milky Way and establishing a high level of chemical homogeneity in these chemically tagged birth clusters is crucial for understanding the chemical and dynamical history of the Galactic disc. We constrain the intrinsic abundance scatter in 17 newly chemically tagged dissolved birth clusters found

Ernesto Campos, Aly Nasrallah, Jacob Biamonte

Variational quantum algorithms dominate gate-based applications of modern quantum processors. The so called, {\it layer-wise trainability conjecture} appears in various works throughout the variational quantum computing literature. The conjecture asserts that a quantum circuit can be trained piece-wise, e.g.~that a few layers can be trained in sequence to mi

Kristjan Kannike, Niko Koivunen, Martti Raidal

The principle of multiple point criticality (PMPC), which allowed the prediction of the Higgs boson mass before its discovery, has so far been applied to radiatively generated vacua. If this principle is fundamental, following from some presently unknown underlying physics, the PMPC must apply to all vacua, including the multiple vacua of multi-scalar models

Andrina Nicola, Carlos García-García, David Alonso, Jo Dunkley

Cosmic shear is one of the most powerful probes of Dark Energy, targeted by several current and future galaxy surveys. Lensing shear, however, is only sampled at the positions of galaxies with measured shapes in the catalog, making its associated sky window function one of the most complicated amongst all projected cosmological probes of inhomogeneities, as

Yuliang Zou, Zizhao Zhang, Han Zhang, Chun-Liang Li

Recent advances in semi-supervised learning (SSL) demonstrate that a combination of consistency regularization and pseudo-labeling can effectively improve image classification accuracy in the low-data regime. Compared to classification, semantic segmentation tasks require much more intensive labeling costs. Thus, these tasks greatly benefit from data-efficie

Chaim Even-Zohar

In 1948 Hoeffding devised a nonparametric test that detects dependence between two continuous random variables X and Y, based on the ranking of n paired samples (Xi,Yi). The computation of this commonly-used test statistic takes O(n log n) time. Hoeffding&#39;s test is consistent against any dependent probability density f(x,y), but can be fooled by other bi

Rodrigo Rebouças de Almeida, Rafael do Nascimento Ribeiro, Christoph Treude, Uirá Kulesza

Incorporating the business perspective into prioritizing technical debt is essential to contribute to decision making in industry. In this paper, we evolve and evaluate a business-driven approach for technical debt prioritization. The approach was evaluated during a five-month industrial case study with business and technical stakeholders' active participati

Andrew Horning, Yuji Nakatsukasa

We analyze the stability of a class of eigensolvers that target interior eigenvalues with rational filters. We show that subspace iteration with a rational filter is robust even when an eigenvalue is near a filter's pole. These dangerous eigenvalues contribute to large round-off errors in the first iteration, but are self-correcting in later iterations. For

Tengda Han, Weidi Xie, Andrew Zisserman

The objective of this paper is visual-only self-supervised video representation learning. We make the following contributions: (i) we investigate the benefit of adding semantic-class positives to instance-based Info Noise Contrastive Estimation (InfoNCE) training, showing that this form of supervised contrastive learning leads to a clear improvement in perfo

Freddy Cachazo, Nick Early

In this paper we prove that points in the space $X(k,n)$ of configurations of $n$ points in $\mathbb{CP}^{k-1}$ which are fixed under a certain cyclic action are the solutions to the generalized scattering equations on planar kinematics (PK). In the first part, we give a constructive upper bound: we show that these solutions inject into certain aperiodic k-e

Jonathan Zrake, Christopher Tiede, Andrew MacFadyen, Zoltán Haiman

Using high-resolution hydrodynamics simulations, we show that equal-mass binaries accreting from a circumbinary disk evolve toward an orbital eccentricity of $e \simeq 0.45$, unless they are initialized on a nearly circular orbit with $e \lesssim 0.08$, in which case they further circularize. The implied bi-modal eccentricity distribution resembles that seen

Mohamed M. S. Nasser, Matti Vuorinen

For compact subsets $E$ of the unit disk $ \mathbb{D}$ we study the capacity of the condenser ${\rm cap}( \mathbb{D},E)$ by means of set functionals defined in terms of hyperbolic geometry. In particular, we study experimentally the case of a hyperbolic triangle and arrive at the conjecture that of all triangles with the same hyperbolic area, the equilateral

M. A. Anacleto, F. A. Brito, B. R. Carvalho, E. Passos

We investigate the effect of noncommutativity and quantum corrections to the temperature and entropy of a BTZ black hole based on a Lorentzian distribution with the generalized uncertainty principle (GUP). To determine the Hawking radiation in the tunneling formalism we apply the Hamilton-Jacobi method by using the Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) approach. I

Sergio A. Carrillo, Miguel Hurtado

The aim of this paper is to present a new simple recurrence for Appell and Sheffer sequences in terms of the linear functional that defines them, and to explain how this is equivalent to several well-known characterizations appearing in the literature. We also give several examples, including integral representations of the inverse operators associated to Be

Nelson D. Rufus, Bikash Kanungo, Vikram Gavini

We present a computationally efficient approach to perform systematically convergent real-space all-electron Kohn-Sham DFT calculations for solids using an enriched finite element (FE) basis. The enriched FE basis is constructed by augmenting the classical FE basis with atom-centered numerical basis functions, comprising of atomic solutions to the Kohn-Sham

Luca Marchetti, Daniele Oriti

We analyze the size and evolution of quantum fluctuations of cosmologically relevant geometric observables, in the context of the effective relational cosmological dynamics of GFT models of quantum gravity. We consider the fluctuations of the matter clock observables, to test the validity of the relational evolution picture itself. Next, we compute quantum f

Eric T. Mortenson

We develop a setting in which one can evaluate certain Hecke-Rogers series in terms of false theta functions. We apply our setting to recent false theta function identities of Chan and Kim as well as Andrews and Warnaar.

William Merrill, Vivek Ramanujan, Yoav Goldberg, Roy Schwartz

The capacity of neural networks like the widely adopted transformer is known to be very high. Evidence is emerging that they learn successfully due to inductive bias in the training routine, typically a variant of gradient descent (GD). To better understand this bias, we study the tendency for transformer parameters to grow in magnitude ($\ell_2$ norm) durin

Harry Johnston, Benjamin Joachimi, Peder Norberg, Henk Hoekstra

We present the first measurements of the projected clustering and intrinsic alignments (IA) of galaxies observed by the Physics of the Accelerating Universe Survey (PAUS). With photometry in 40 narrow optical passbands ($450\rm{nm}-850\rm{nm}$), the quality of photometric redshift estimation is $\sigma_{z} \sim 0.01(1 + z)$ for galaxies in the $19\,\rm{deg}^

J. W. Skinner, J. Y-K. Cho

We perform an extensive study of numerical convergence for hot-Jupiter atmospheric flow solutions in simulations employing a setup commonly-used in extrasolar planet studies, a resting state thermally forced to a prescribed temperature distribution on a short time-scale at high altitudes. Convergence is assessed rigorously with: (i) a highly-accurate pseudos

Pierre Boudier, Anthony Fillion, Serge Gratton, Selime Gürol

Data assimilation (DA) aims at forecasting the state of a dynamical system by combining a mathematical representation of the system with noisy observations taking into account their uncertainties. State of the art methods are based on the Gaussian error statistics and the linearization of the non-linear dynamics which may lead to sub-optimal methods. In this

Xusen Yin, Li Zhou, Kevin Small, Jonathan May

Users frequently ask simple factoid questions for question answering (QA) systems, attenuating the impact of myriad recent works that support more complex questions. Prompting users with automatically generated suggested questions (SQs) can improve user understanding of QA system capabilities and thus facilitate more effective use. We aim to produce self-exp

Jonathan Wenger, Philipp Hennig

Linear systems are the bedrock of virtually all numerical computation. Machine learning poses specific challenges for the solution of such systems due to their scale, characteristic structure, stochasticity and the central role of uncertainty in the field. Unifying earlier work we propose a class of probabilistic linear solvers which jointly infer the matrix

Xingyu Yang, Mingyuan Meng, Shanlin Xiao, Zhiyi Yu

Spiking neural networks (SNNs) receive widespread attention because of their low-power hardware characteristic and brain-like signal response mechanism, but currently, the performance of SNNs is still behind Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs). We build an information theory-inspired system called Stochastic Probability Adjustment (SPA) system to reduce this g

Ian Waudby-Smith, Aaditya Ramdas

This paper derives confidence intervals (CI) and time-uniform confidence sequences (CS) for the classical problem of estimating an unknown mean from bounded observations. We present a general approach for deriving concentration bounds, that can be seen as a generalization and improvement of the celebrated Chernoff method. At its heart, it is based on a class