October 2020 arXiv papers — page 72

Ryan Plestid

Solar neutrinos can be efficiently upscattered to MeV scale heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) within the Earth's mantle. HNLs can then decay to electron-positron pairs leading to energy deposition inside large-volume detectors. In this paper we consider mass-portal upscattering of solar neutrinos to HNLs of mass 20 MeV $\geq m_N \geq 2 m_e$. The large volume of t

Shagun Uppal, Sarthak Bhagat, Devamanyu Hazarika, Navonil Majumdar

Deep Learning and its applications have cascaded impactful research and development with a diverse range of modalities present in the real-world data. More recently, this has enhanced research interests in the intersection of the Vision and Language arena with its numerous applications and fast-paced growth. In this paper, we present a detailed overview of t

Rocco Duvenhage

A method to optimize the cost of a quantum channel is developed. The goal is to determine the cheapest channel that produces prescribed output states for a given set of input states. This is essentially a quantum version of optimal transport. To attach a clear conceptual meaning to the cost, channels are viewed in terms of what we call elementary transitions

Agnès Beaudry, Paul G. Goerss, Michael J. Hopkins, Vesna Stojanoska

The primary goal of this paper is to study Spanier-Whitehead duality in the $K(n)$-local category. One of the key players in the $K(n)$-local category is the Lubin-Tate spectrum $E_n$, whose homotopy groups classify deformations of a formal group law of height $n$, in the implicit characteristic $p$. It is known that $E_n$ is self-dual up to a shift; however

Adam Foster, Rattana Pukdee, Tom Rainforth

We propose methods to strengthen the invariance properties of representations obtained by contrastive learning. While existing approaches implicitly induce a degree of invariance as representations are learned, we look to more directly enforce invariance in the encoding process. To this end, we first introduce a training objective for contrastive learning th

Lampros Flokas, Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis, Thanasis Lianeas, Panayotis Mertikopoulos

Understanding the behavior of no-regret dynamics in general $N$-player games is a fundamental question in online learning and game theory. A folk result in the field states that, in finite games, the empirical frequency of play under no-regret learning converges to the game's set of coarse correlated equilibria. By contrast, our understanding of how the

Eugene B. Kolomeisky

The Coulomb explosion of an atomic gas steered by laser-controlled time-dependent charging can be modeled by a macroscopic system of identical charges whose number is not conserved. We show that such a system can evolve in the spatially homogeneous and isotropic fashion that mimics accelerating cosmic expansions. Specifically, for a constant rate of charge p

Sebastian Schiffer, Xia-Ji Liu, Hui Hu, Jia Wang

We study a generalized Aubry-Andre model that obeys $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry. We observe a robust $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric phase with respect to system size and disorder strength, where all eigenvalues are real despite the Hamiltonian being non-hermitian. This robust $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric phase can support an Anderson localization transition, giving a rich

Ryan Plestid, Richard J. Hill

The Mu2e and COMET collaborations will search for nucleus-catalyzed muon conversion to positrons ($\mu^-\rightarrow e^+$) as a signal of lepton number violation. A key background for this search is radiative muon capture where either: 1) a real photon converts to an $e^+ e^-$ pair "externally" in surrounding material, or 2) a virtual photon mediates the prod

Jean-Luc Baril, Sergey Kirgizov, Vincent Vajnovszki

An $n$-length binary word is $q$-decreasing, $q\geq 1$, if every of its length maximal factor of the form $0^a1^b$ satisfies $a=0$ or $q\cdot a > b$.We show constructively that these words are in bijection with binary words having no occurrences of $1^{q+1}$, and thus they are enumerated by the $(q+1)$-generalized Fibonacci numbers. We give some enumerative

Clement Cosco, Inbar Seroussi, Ofer Zeitouni

We study the directed polymer model for general graphs (beyond $\mathbb Z^d$) and random walks. We provide sufficient conditions for the existence or non-existence of a weak disorder phase, of an $L^2$ region, and of very strong disorder, in terms of properties of the graph and of the random walk. We study in some detail (biased) random walk on various trees

Xu Sun, Zhenfeng Fan, Zihao Zhang, Yingjie Guo

Heatmap regression based face alignment has achieved prominent performance on static images. However, the stability and accuracy are remarkably discounted when applying the existing methods on dynamic videos. We attribute the degradation to random noise and motion blur, which are common in videos. The temporal information is critical to address this issue ye

Johanna N. Y. Franklin, Rupert Hölzl, Alexander Melnikov, Keng Meng Ng

We develop a systematic algorithmic framework that unites global and local classification problems using index sets. We prove that the classification problem for continuous (binary) regular functions among almost everywhere linear, pointwise linear-time Lipschitz functions is $\Sigma^0_2$-complete. (Every regular function is pointwise linear-time Lipschitz.)

Estefanía Garijo del Río, Sami Kaappa, José A. Garrido Torres, Thomas Bligaard

Local optimization of adsorption systems inherently involves different scales: within the substrate, within the molecule, and between molecule and substrate. In this work, we show how the explicit modeling of the different character of the bonds in these systems improves the performance of machine learning methods for optimization. We introduce an anisotropi

Johannes Wiesel

Let $X$ be a compact metric space and let $v$ be a sub-additive capacity defined on $X$. We show that Lusin's theorem with respect to $v$ holds if and only if $v$ is continuous from above.

Martin Kološ, Arman Tursunov, Zdeněk Stuchlík

We demonstrate an extraordinary effect of energy gain by a single radiating charged particle inside the ergosphere of a Kerr black hole in presence of magnetic field. We solve numerically the covariant form of the Lorentz-Dirac equation reduced from the DeWitt-Brehme equation and analyze energy evolution of the radiating charged particle inside the ergospher

Zhentao Shi, Liangjun Su, Tian Xie

This paper tackles forecast combination with many forecasts or minimum variance portfolio selection with many assets. A novel convex problem called L2-relaxation is proposed. In contrast to standard formulations, L2-relaxation minimizes the squared Euclidean norm of the weight vector subject to a set of relaxed linear inequality constraints. The magnitude of

A. R. Balasubramanian, Javier Esparza, Mikhail Raskin

In rendez-vous protocols an arbitrarily large number of indistinguishable finite-state agents interact in pairs. The cut-off problem asks if there exists a number $B$ such that all initial configurations of the protocol with at least $B$ agents in a given initial state can reach a final configuration with all agents in a given final state. In a recent paper

Daniel Arp, Erwin Quiring, Feargus Pendlebury, Alexander Warnecke

With the growing processing power of computing systems and the increasing availability of massive datasets, machine learning algorithms have led to major breakthroughs in many different areas. This development has influenced computer security, spawning a series of work on learning-based security systems, such as for malware detection, vulnerability discovery

Lanfranco Zanzi, Vincenzo Sciancalepore, Andres Garcia-Saavedra, Xavier Costa-Perez

Mass events represent one of the most challenging scenarios for mobile networks because, although their date and time are usually known in advance, the actual demand for resources is difficult to predict due to its dependency on many different factors. Based on data provided by a major European carrier during mass events in a football stadium comprising up t

Gargi Shaw, G. J. Ferland, S. Ploeckinger

Dissociation of molecular hydrogen by secondary electrons produced by cosmic ray or X-ray ionization plays a crucial role in the chemistry of the densest part of molecular clouds. Here we study the effect of the mean kinetic energy of secondary electrons on this process. We compare predictions using a range of secondary electron energies and predictions of t

N. Barnea, E. Friedman, A. Gal

Experiments at DA$Φ$NE-Frascati and at J-PARC are scheduled to produce $K^-$D atoms and observe their X-ray cascade down to the 1$S$ ground state (g.s.), thereby measuring its strong-interaction width and shift away from a purely Coulomb state. A width $Γ_{1S}\lesssim 1$ keV will ensure good resolution of the X-ray transitions feeding the 1$S$ g.s. Here we s

Joshua Hoke Davis, Christopher Daley, Swaroop Pophale, Thomas Huber

Heterogeneous systems are becoming increasingly prevalent. In order to exploit the rich compute resources of such systems, robust programming models are needed for application developers to seamlessly migrate legacy code from today's systems to tomorrow's. Over the past decade and more, directives have been established as one of the promising paths t

Alexandru Mocanu, Benjamin Ricaud, Milos Cernak

Music source separation represents the task of extracting all the instruments from a given song. Recent breakthroughs on this challenge have gravitated around a single dataset, MUSDB, only limited to four instrument classes. Larger datasets and more instruments are costly and time-consuming in collecting data and training deep neural networks (DNNs). In this

Matteo Becchetti, Roberto Bonciani, Vittorio Del Duca, Valentin Hirschi

We present for the first time the exact NLO QCD corrections to the light-quark part of the mixed QCD-EW contributions to Higgs production via gluon fusion at LHC13, with exact EW-boson mass dependence. The relevant two-loop real-emission matrix element is computed using a dynamic one-dimensional series expansion strategy whose stability and speed allows for

Jakob Hinney, Adarsh S. Prasad, Sahand Mahmoodian, Klemens Hammerer

We observe that a weak guided light field transmitted through an ensemble of atoms coupled to an optical nanofiber exhibits quadrature squeezing. From the measured squeezing spectrum we gain direct access to the phase and amplitude of the energy-time entangled part of the two-photon wavefunction which arises from the strongly correlated transport of photons

Jessica Gronsbell, Molei Liu, Lu Tian, Tianxi Cai

In many contemporary applications, large amounts of unlabeled data are readily available while labeled examples are limited. There has been substantial interest in semi-supervised learning (SSL) which aims to leverage unlabeled data to improve estimation or prediction. However, current SSL literature focuses primarily on settings where labeled data is select

Yu Guo, Lijinzhi Lin, Huan Cao, Chao Zhang

Using the concept of non-degenerate Bell inequality, we show that quantum entanglement, the critical resource for various quantum information processing tasks, can be quantified for any unknown quantum states in a semi-device-independent manner, where the quantification is based on the experimentally obtained probability distribution and beforehand knowledge

LHCb collaboration, R. Aaij, C. Abellán Beteta, T. Ackernley

The inclusive $b \bar{b}$- and $c \bar{c}$-dijet production cross-sections in the forward region of $pp$ collisions are measured using a data sample collected with the LHCb detector at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV in 2016. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 1.6 fb$^{-1}$. Differential cross-sections are measured as a function of

Tiffany Covolo, Stephen Kwok, Norbert Poncin

In \cite{Covolo:2016}, \cite{Covolo:2012} and \cite{Poncin:2016}, we introduced the category of colored supermanifolds ($\mathbb{Z}_2^n$-super\-ma\-ni\-folds or just $\mathbb{Z}_2^n$-manifolds ($\mathbb{Z}_2^n=\mathbb{Z}_2\times\ldots\times\mathbb{Z}_2$ ($n$ times))), explicitly described the corresponding $\mathbb{Z}_2^n$-Berezinian and gave first insights

Jun Zhang

A pointing accuracy better than 1"(3sigma) star tracker plays a significant role for the advanced scientific missions. This thesis makes a series of studies on the typical error sources associated with the positioning and calibration processes, such as the centroiding algorithm, detector noise, motion, focal length drift, variation of the center waveleng

Xinxing Wu, Qiang Cheng

Feature selection reduces the dimensionality of data by identifying a subset of the most informative features. In this paper, we propose an innovative framework for unsupervised feature selection, called fractal autoencoders (FAE). It trains a neural network to pinpoint informative features for global exploring of representability and for local excavating of

Bart Bussmann, Jannes Nys, Steven Latré

Causal structure discovery in complex dynamical systems is an important challenge for many scientific domains. Although data from (interventional) experiments is usually limited, large amounts of observational time series data sets are usually available. Current methods that learn causal structure from time series often assume linear relationships. Hence, th

Mikhail Roiz, Krishna Kumar, Juho Karhu, Markku Vainio

We present a simple method for fully-stabilized mid-infrared optical frequency comb generation based on single-pass femtosecond optical parametric generation that is seeded by a continuous-wave laser. We have implemented the method in a periodically poled lithium niobate crystal that produces a frequency comb tunable across 3325 - 4000 nm (2380 - 3030 cm-1).

Dean Lee, Scott Bogner, B. Alex Brown, Serdar Elhatisari

The strong interactions among nucleons have an approximate spin-isospin exchange symmetry that arises from the properties of quantum chromodynamics in the limit of many colors, $N_c$. However this large-$N_c$ symmetry is well hidden and reveals itself only when averaging over intrinsic spin orientations. Furthermore, the symmetry is obscured unless the momen

Xinxing Wu, Qiang Cheng

Feature selection, as a vital dimension reduction technique, reduces data dimension by identifying an essential subset of input features, which can facilitate interpretable insights into learning and inference processes. Algorithmic stability is a key characteristic of an algorithm regarding its sensitivity to perturbations of input samples. In this paper, w

Maike Prossotowicz, Andreas Heimes, Daniel Flamm, Florian Jansen

A novel concept for coherent beam combining is presented based on a simple setup with microlens arrays. These standard components are used in a proof-of-principle experiment for both coherent beam splitting and combination of 5 x 5 beams. Here a combination efficiency above 90% is achieved. We call this novel concept mixed aperture.

Domonkos Varga

The main goal of objective image quality assessment is to devise computational, mathematical models which are able to predict perceptual image quality consistently with subjective evaluations. The evaluation of objective image quality assessment algorithms is based on experiments conducted on publicly available benchmark databases. In this study, our goal is

Dušan Variš, Katsuhito Sudoh, Satoshi Nakamura

We present our work in progress exploring the possibilities of a shared embedding space between textual and visual modality. Leveraging the textual nature of object detection labels and the hypothetical expressiveness of extracted visual object representations, we propose an approach opposite to the current trend, grounding of the representations in the word

Claudio Bonati, Alessio Franchi, Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari

We study the phase diagram and critical behavior of a two-dimensional lattice SO($N_c$) gauge theory ($N_c \ge 3$) with two scalar flavors, obtained by partially gauging a maximally O($2N_c$) symmetric scalar model. The model is invariant under local SO($N_c$) and global O(2) transformations. We show that, for any $N_c \ge 3$, it undergoes finite-temperature

Paz Albares, Pilar García Estévez, Juan Domingo Lejarreta

We present a generalized study and characterization of the integrability properties of the derivative non-linear Schr\"odinger equation in 1+1 dimensions. A Lax pair is derived for this equation by means of a Miura transformation and the singular manifold method. This procedure, together with the Darboux transformations, allow us to construct a wide class of

Mark Helman, Ronaldo Garcia, Dan Reznik

We describe invariants of centers of ellipse-inscribed triangle families with two vertices fixed to the ellipse boundary and a third one which sweeps it. We prove that: (i) if a triangle center is a fixed affine combination of barycenter and orthocenter, its locus is an ellipse; (ii) and that over the family of said affine combinations, the centers of said l

N. A. Koritsky, S. V. Solov'yov, A. K. Fedorov, A. K. Zvezdin

We present results on the identification of phase transitions in ferrimagnetic GdFeCo alloys using machine learning. The approach for finding phase transitions in the system is based on the `learning by confusion' scheme, which allows one to characterize phase transitions using a universal $W$-shape. By applying the `learning by confusion' scheme, we obtain

Anwesha Chattopadhyay

We report the emergence or broadening of exotic magnetic metallic phases upon explicit breaking of $SU(2)$ symmetry by introduction of mass imbalance in a variant of Hubbard model, known as the ionic Hubbard model in the presence of frustration at half-filling on a square lattice. The ionic Hubbard model has in addition to hopping($\sim t$) and onsite coulom

Evangelos T. Karamatskos, Suresh Yarlagadda, Serguei Patchkovskii, Marc J. J. Vrakking

We present a time-resolved study of the photodissociation dynamics of OCS after UV-photoexcitation at $λ=237$ nm. OCS molecules ($X\,^1Σ^+$) were primarily excited to the $1\,^1\!A''$ and the $2\,^1\!A'$ Renner-Teller components of the $^1Σ^{-}$ and $^1\!Δ$ states. Dissociation into CO and S fragments was observed through time-delayed strong-fiel

R. P. Maciel, A. L. Araújo, C. H. Lewenkopf, G. J. Ferreira

The edge states of two-dimensional time-reversal topological insulators support a perfect helical conductance on wide ribbons due to the absence of backscattering. Here, we study the changes in the transport properties of topological insulator nanoribbons by introducing a constriction along the ribbon. This setup allows the edge states to hybridize, leading

Sebastian Kish, Eduardo Villaseñor, Robert Malaney, Kerry Mudge

Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CV-QKD) offers information-theoretic secure key sharing between two parties. The sharing of a phase reference frame is an essential requirement for coherent detection in CV-QKD. Due to the potential attacks related to transmitting the local oscillator (LO) alongside quantum signals, there has been a focus on usin

Anna Malinovskaya, Philipp Otto

The application of network analysis has found great success in a wide variety of disciplines; however, the popularity of these approaches has revealed the difficulty in handling networks whose complexity scales rapidly. One of the main interests in network analysis is the online detection of anomalous behaviour. To overcome the curse of dimensionality, we in

Guang-Juan Wang, Lu Meng, Li-Ye Xiao, Makoto Oka

We systematically study the mass spectrum and strong decays of the S-wave $\bar c\bar s q q$ states in the compact tetraquark scenario with the quark model. The key ingredients of the model are the Coulomb, the linear confinement, and the hyperfine interactions. The hyperfine potential leads to the mixing between different color configurations, as well as th

Junwoo Park, Youngwoo Cho, Haneol Lee, Jaegul Choo

Question Answering (QA) is a widely-used framework for developing and evaluating an intelligent machine. In this light, QA on Electronic Health Records (EHR), namely EHR QA, can work as a crucial milestone towards developing an intelligent agent in healthcare. EHR data are typically stored in a relational database, which can also be converted to a directed a

Natasha Fernandes, Yusuke Kawamoto, Takao Murakami

Extended differential privacy, a generalization of standard differential privacy (DP) using a general metric, has been widely studied to provide rigorous privacy guarantees while keeping high utility. However, existing works on extended DP are limited to few metrics, such as the Euclidean metric. Consequently, they have only a small number of applications, s

Niko Jokela, Javier G. Subils

We study various entanglement measures in a one-parameter family of three-dimensional, strongly coupled Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons field theories by means of their dual supergravity descriptions. A generic field theory in this family possesses a mass gap but does not have a linear quark-antiquark potential. For the two limiting values of the parameter, the theo

Tobias Fechter, Sonja Adebahr, Anca-Ligia Grosu, Dimos Baltas

Stereotactic body radiation therapy allows for a precise and accurate dose delivery. Organ motion during treatment bears the risk of undetected high dose healthy tissue exposure. An organ very susceptible to high dose is the oesophagus. Its low contrast on CT and the oblong shape renders motion estimation difficult. We tackle this issue by modern algorithms

Pavel Chvykov, Erik Hoel

Information geometry has offered a way to formally study the efficacy of scientific models by quantifying the impact of model parameters on the predicted effects. However, there has been little formal investigation of causation in this framework, despite causal models being a fundamental part of science and explanation. Here we introduce causal geometry, whi

Johannes Haug, Gjergji Kasneci

Data distributions in streaming environments are usually not stationary. In order to maintain a high predictive quality at all times, online learning models need to adapt to distributional changes, which are known as concept drift. The timely and robust identification of concept drift can be difficult, as we never have access to the true distribution of stre

Pulak Talukdar, Vanamali C. Shastry, Udit Raha, Fred Myhrer

A unified treatment of both chiral and radiative corrections to the low-energy elastic lepton-proton scattering processes is presented in Heavy Baryon Chiral Perturbations Theory. The proton hadronic chiral corrections include the next-to-next-to leading order corrections whereas the radiative corrections include the next-to-leading order terms in our novel

Ding Peng, Philip N. H. Nakashima

We have integrated density functional theory (DFT) into quantitative convergent-beam electron diffraction (QCBED) to create a synergy between experiment and theory called QCBED-DFT. This synergy resides entirely in the electron density which, in real materials, gives rise to the experimental CBED patterns used by QCBED-DFT to refine DFT model parameters. We

Alexander Millane, Helen Oleynikova, Christian Lanegger, Jeff Delmerico

Localization of a robotic system within a previously mapped environment is important for reducing estimation drift and for reusing previously built maps. Existing techniques for geometry-based localization have focused on the description of local surface geometry, usually using pointclouds as the underlying representation. We propose a system for geometry-ba

Zipeng Wang

In this paper, we study a family of fractional integral operators whose kernel carrying a critical index has singularity on the light-cone in R^n+1.

Yuanhua Feng, Wolfgang Karl Härdle

Penalized spline smoothing of time series and its asymptotic properties are studied. A data-driven algorithm for selecting the smoothing parameter is developed. The proposal is applied to define a semiparametric extension of the well-known Spline-GARCH, called a P-Spline-GARCH, based on the log-data transformation of the squared returns. It is shown that now

Wei-Qiang Chen, Yong-Shi Wu, Wenjie Xi, Wei-Zhu Yi

It is generally believed that the 1+1D model for a single chiral fermion does not exist by itself alone on lattice. The obstruction to such a lattice realization is the failure to reproduce the quantum anomalies of a chiral fermion in continuum. The conventional way to escape is to associate the anomalous 1d system with a 2d bulk, which is in a topologically

Sabrina Pauli, Kirsten Wickelgren

These are lecture notes from the conference Arithmetic Topology at the Pacific Institute of Mathematical Sciences on applications of Morel's A1-degree to questions in enumerative geometry. Additionally, we give a new dynamic interpretation of the A1-Milnor number inspired by the first named author's enrichment of dynamic intersection numbers.

Nikolaos Kapouleas, David Wiygul

We prove that a closed embedded minimal surface in the round three-sphere which satisfies the symmetries of a Lawson surface and has the same genus is congruent to the Lawson surface.

Anders Kirk Uhrenholt, Valentin Charvet, Bjørn Sand Jensen

Sparse Gaussian processes and various extensions thereof are enabled through inducing points, that simultaneously bottleneck the predictive capacity and act as the main contributor towards model complexity. However, the number of inducing points is generally not associated with uncertainty which prevents us from applying the apparatus of Bayesian reasoning f

U. Boscain, M. Sigalotti, D. Sugny

Optimal Control Theory is a powerful mathematical tool, which has known a rapid development since the 1950s, mainly for engineering applications. More recently, it has become a widely used method to improve process performance in quantum technologies by means of highly efficient control of quantum dynamics. This tutorial aims at providing an introduction to

Ya-Peng Hu, Liang Cai, Xiao Liang, Shi-Bei Kong

The $P$-$V$ phase transition and critical behavior in the extended phase space of asymptotic Anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes have been widely investigated, in which four critical exponents around critical point are found to be consistent with values in the mean field theory. Recently, another critical exponent $\nu$ related to divergent correlation length a

Run-Hui Li, Juan-Juan Hou, Bei He, Ya-Ru Wang

The discovery of $\Xi_{cc}^{++}$ has inspired new interest in studying doubly heavy baryons. In this study, the weak decays of a doubly charmed baryon ${\cal B}_{cc}$ to a light baryon ${\cal B}$ and a charm meson $D^{(*)}$ (either a pseudoscalar or a vector one) are calculated. Following our previous work, we calculate the short distance contributions under

Domonkos Varga

The goal of full-reference image quality assessment (FR-IQA) is to predict the quality of an image as perceived by human observers with using its pristine, reference counterpart. In this study, we explore a novel, combined approach which predicts the perceptual quality of a distorted image by compiling a feature vector from convolutional activation maps. Mor

Graziano Mita, Maurizio Filippone, Pietro Michiardi

A large part of the literature on learning disentangled representations focuses on variational autoencoders (VAE). Recent developments demonstrate that disentanglement cannot be obtained in a fully unsupervised setting without inductive biases on models and data. However, Khemakhem et al., AISTATS, 2020 suggest that employing a particular form of factorized

Igor Krichever, Sergei Lando, Alexandra Skripchenko

A meromorphic differential on a Riemann surface is said to be {\it real-normalized} if all its periods are real. Real-normalized differentials on Riemann surfaces of given genus with prescribed orders of their poles form real orbifolds whose topology is closely related to that of moduli spaces of Riemann surfaces with marked points. Our goal is to develop to

Mingu Jung, Abraham Rueda Zoca

We study Daugavet points and $Δ$-points in Lipschitz-free Banach spaces. We prove that, if $M$ is a compact metric space, then $μ\in S_{\mathcal F(M)}$ is a Daugavet point if, and only if, there is no denting point of $B_{\mathcal F(M)}$ at distance strictly smaller than two from $μ$. Moreover, we prove that if $x$ and $y$ are connectable by rectifiable curv

Chia-Jung Hsu, Jonathan C. Tan, Matthew D. Goodson, Paola Caselli

High levels of deuterium fractionation of $\rm N_2H^+$ (i.e., $\rm D_{frac}^{N_2H^+} \gtrsim 0.1$) are often observed in pre-stellar cores (PSCs) and detection of $\rm N_2D^+$ is a promising method to identify elusive massive PSCs. However, the physical and chemical conditions required to reach such high levels of deuteration are still uncertain, as is the d

Mauricio Misquero

The aim of this article is to propose a model, that is a planar version of the Full Two-Body Problem, and discuss the existence and stability of a relevant periodic solution. Consider two homogeneous ellipsoids orbiting around each other in fixed coplanar Keplerian orbits. Moreover, their respective spin axes are assumed to be perpendicular to the orbital pl

Alex Fisch, Daniel Grose, Idris A. Eckley, Paul Fearnhead

One of the contemporary challenges in anomaly detection is the ability to detect, and differentiate between, both point and collective anomalies within a data sequence or time series. The anomaly package has been developed to provide users with a choice of anomaly detection methods and, in particular, provides an implementation of the recently proposed Colle

Sebastian Ulbricht, Johannes Dickmann, Robert A. Müller, Stefanie Kroker

We theoretically investigate the influence of gravity on laser light in a hemispherical optical cavity, operating on Earth. The propagation of light in such a cavity is modeled by a Gaussian beam, affected by the Earth's gravitational field. On laboratory scale, this field is described by the spacetime of homogeneous gravity, known as Rindler spacetime. In t

Yiluan Guo, Holger Caesar, Oscar Beijbom, Jonah Philion

A high-performing object detection system plays a crucial role in autonomous driving (AD). The performance, typically evaluated in terms of mean Average Precision, does not take into account orientation and distance of the actors in the scene, which are important for the safe AD. It also ignores environmental context. Recently, Philion et al. proposed a neur

Sofiane Khoutir

This paper is devoted to the following class of nonlinear fractional Schr\"odinger equations: \begin{equation*} (-\Delta)^{s} u + V(x)u = f(x,u) + \lambda g(x,u), \quad \text{in}\: \mathbb{R}^N, \end{equation*} where $s\in (0,1)$, $N>2s$, $(-\Delta)^{s}$ stands for the fractional Laplacian, $\lambda\in \mathbb{R}$ is a parameter, $V\in C(\mathbb{R}^N,R)$, $f

Simon Vendelbo Bylling Jensen, Hossein Iravani, Lars Bojer Madsen

We show that two-color high-harmonic spectroscopy can reveal finite-size and edge-state-induced dynamic electron correlation effects in a generic nanostructured band-gap material. Compared to the response of a bulk sample, we demonstrate a significant correlation-induced increase in the efficiency of the generated signal over a wide range of frequencies by h

Jayneel Parekh, Pavlo Mozharovskyi, Florence d'Alché-Buc

To tackle interpretability in deep learning, we present a novel framework to jointly learn a predictive model and its associated interpretation model. The interpreter provides both local and global interpretability about the predictive model in terms of human-understandable high level attribute functions, with minimal loss of accuracy. This is achieved by a

Amol R. Holkundkar, Felix Mackenroth

We report the first closed, analytical expression for the scattering angle of an electron bunch ponderomotively scattered from a counter-propagating, ultra-intense laser pulse, also accounting for radiation reaction (RR). The found formulation depends nontrivially on the laser intensity, pulse duration, beam waist, and energy of the electron bunch. For vario

Yan Xu, Zhaoyang Huang, Kwan-Yee Lin, Xinge Zhu

Recent learning-based LiDAR odometry methods have demonstrated their competitiveness. However, most methods still face two substantial challenges: 1) the 2D projection representation of LiDAR data cannot effectively encode 3D structures from the point clouds; 2) the needs for a large amount of labeled data for training limit the application scope of these me

Juan M. Cruz-Martinez, Stefano Carrazza

In this work we demonstrate the usage of the VegasFlow library on multidevice situations: multi-GPU in one single node and multi-node in a cluster. VegasFlow is a new software for fast evaluation of highly parallelizable integrals based on Monte Carlo integration. It is inspired by the Vegas algorithm, very often used as the driver of cross section integrati

Christoph Molnar, Giuseppe Casalicchio, Bernd Bischl

We present a brief history of the field of interpretable machine learning (IML), give an overview of state-of-the-art interpretation methods, and discuss challenges. Research in IML has boomed in recent years. As young as the field is, it has over 200 years old roots in regression modeling and rule-based machine learning, starting in the 1960s. Recently, man

Pranay SY, Nithin Nagaraj

Causal inference is one of the most fundamental problems across all domains of science. We address the problem of inferring a causal direction from two observed discrete symbolic sequences $X$ and $Y$. We present a framework which relies on lossless compressors for inferring context-free grammars (CFGs) from sequence pairs and quantifies the extent to which

Jeffrey M. Pullin, Lyle C. Gurrin, Damjan Vukcevic

A common problem in many disciplines is the need to assign a set of items into categories or classes with known labels. This is often done by one or more expert raters, or sometimes by an automated process. If these assignments or `ratings' are difficult to make accurately, a common tactic is to repeat them by different raters, or even by the same rater mult

Hiroki Tanabe, Ellen H. Fukuda, Nobuo Yamashita

A merit (gap) function is a map that returns zero at the solutions of problems and strictly positive values otherwise. Its minimization is equivalent to the original problem by definition, and it can estimate the distance between a given point and the solution set. Ideally, this function should have some properties, including the ease of computation, continu

Andrea Scotti, Alan. R. Denton, Monia Brugnoni, Ralf Schweins

Solutions of microgels have been widely used as model systems to gain insight into atomic condensed matter and complex fluids. We explore the thermodynamic phase behavior of hollow microgels, which are distinguished from conventional colloids by possessing a central cavity. Small-angle neutron and X-ray scattering are used to probe hollow microgels in crowde

Takayuki Nagata, Taku Nonomura, Kumi Nakai, Keigo Yamada

The present study proposes a sensor selection method based on the proximal splitting algorithm and the A-optimal design of experiment using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated with a random sensor problem and compared with the previously proposed methods such as the greedy met

Jinbao Zhu, Qifa Yan, Xiaohu Tang, Songze Li

The problem of $X$-secure $T$-colluding symmetric Private Polynomial Computation (PPC) from coded storage system with $B$ Byzantine and $U$ unresponsive servers is studied in this paper. Specifically, a dataset consisting of $M$ files is stored across $N$ distributed servers according to $(N,K+X)$ Maximum Distance Separable (MDS) codes such that any group of

Matej Hoffmann

Humans and animals excel in combining information from multiple sensory modalities, controlling their complex bodies, adapting to growth, failures, or using tools. These capabilities are also highly desirable in robots. They are displayed by machines to some extent - yet, as is so often the case, the artificial creatures are lagging behind. The key foundatio

Yutaka Nagashima

Proof assistants offer tactics to apply proof by induction, but these tactics rely on inputs given by human engineers. To automate this laborious process, we developed SeLFiE, a boolean query language to represent experienced users' knowledge on how to apply the induct tactic in Isabelle/HOL: when we apply an induction heuristic written in SeLFiE to an induc

Denis Novitsky, Dmitry Lyakhov, Dominik Michels, Dmitrii Redka

Unique and flexible properties of non-Hermitian photonic systems attract ever-increasing attention via delivering a whole bunch of novel optical effects and allowing for efficient tuning light-matter interactions on nano- and microscales. Together with an increasing demand for the fast and spatially compact methods of light governing, this peculiar approach

Qinghai Zheng, Jihua Zhu, Yuanyuan Ma, Zhongyu Li

This study investigates the problem of multi-view subspace clustering, the goal of which is to explore the underlying grouping structure of data collected from different fields or measurements. Since data do not always comply with the linear subspace models in many real-world applications, most existing multi-view subspace clustering methods that based on th

Anuj Diwan, Preethi Jyothi

This work presents a seemingly simple but effective technique to improve low-resource ASR systems for phonetic languages. By identifying sets of acoustically similar graphemes in these languages, we first reduce the output alphabet of the ASR system using linguistically meaningful reductions and then reconstruct the original alphabet using a standalone modul

Sayantan Dutta, Adrian Basarab, Bertrand Georgeot, Denis Kouamé

This paper introduces a new Plug-and-Play (PnP) alternating direction of multipliers (ADMM) scheme based on a recently proposed denoiser using the Schroedinger equation's solutions of quantum physics. The efficiency of the proposed algorithm is evaluated for Poisson image deconvolution, which is very common for imaging applications, such as, for example, lim

Lei Du, Zhihai Wang, Yong Li

We study the self interference effect of a resonator coupled with a bent waveguide at two separated ports. Such interference effects are shown to be similar for the cases of standing-wave and traveling-wave resonators, while in the system of two separated resonators indirectly coupled via a waveguide, the coupling forms and the related interference effects d

F. Bertrand, G. Starke

A posteriori error estimates are constructed for the three-field variational formulation of the Biot problem involving the displacements, the total pressure and the fluid pressure. The discretization under focus is the H1(Ω)-conforming Taylor-Hood finite element combination, consisting of polynomial degrees k + 1 for the displacements and the fluid pressure

Qingqing Wu, Jie Xu, Yong Zeng, Derrick Wing Kwan Ng

Due to the advancements in cellular technologies and the dense deployment of cellular infrastructure, integrating unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) into the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond cellular networks is a promising solution to achieve safe UAV operation as well as enabling diversified applications with mission-specific payload data delivery. In particu

Junjie Hu, Xiyue Guo, Junfeng Chen, Guanqi Liang

As vision based perception methods are usually built on the normal light assumption, there will be a serious safety issue when deploying them into low light environments. Recently, deep learning based methods have been proposed to enhance low light images by penalizing the pixel-wise loss of low light and normal light images. However, most of them suffer fro

Bálint Hartmann, Viktória Sugár

In this paper the authors use the 70-year-long historical dataset of the Hungarian power grid to perform complex network analysis, which is the first attempt to evaluate small-world and scale-free properties on long-term real-world data.