November 2020 arXiv papers — page 2

Zachary Taschdjian

This work documents a pilot user study evaluating the effectiveness of contrastive, causal and example explanations in supporting human understanding of AI in a hypothetical commonplace human robot interaction HRI scenario. In doing so, this work situates explainable AI XAI in the context of the social sciences and suggests that HRI explanations are improved

Anusha Lalitha, Tara Javidi

We examine a new class of channel coding strategies, and hypothesis tests referred to as almost-fixed-length strategies that have little flexibility in the stopping time over fixed-length strategies. The stopping time of these strategies is allowed to be slightly large only on a rare set of sample paths with an exponentially small probability. We show that a

Ehsan Samani, Hamed Mohsenian-Rad

Convergence bidding has been adopted in recent years by most Independent System Operators (ISOs) in the United States as a relatively new market mechanism to enhance market efficiency. Convergence bidding affects many aspects of the operation of the electricity markets and there is currently a gap in the literature on understanding how the market participant

Yunelsy N Alvarez

In this work we prove the existence and uniqueness of Killing graphs with prescribed mean curvature considering functions which are not necessarily constant along the flow lines of the Killing vector field.

Jing Luo, Scott Ransom, Paul Demorest, Paul S. Ray

Over the past few decades, the measurement precision of some pulsar-timing experiments has advanced from ~10 us to ~10 ns, revealing many subtle phenomena. Such high precision demands both careful data handling and sophisticated timing models to avoid systematic error. To achieve these goals, we present PINT (PINT Is Not Tempo3), a high-precision Python puls

João Bento, Pedro Saleiro, André F. Cruz, Mário A. T. Figueiredo

Although recurrent neural networks (RNNs) are state-of-the-art in numerous sequential decision-making tasks, there has been little research on explaining their predictions. In this work, we present TimeSHAP, a model-agnostic recurrent explainer that builds upon KernelSHAP and extends it to the sequential domain. TimeSHAP computes feature-, timestep-, and cel

Jay T. Lennon, Frank den Hollander, Maite Wilke-Berenguer, Jochen Blath

Across the tree of life, populations have evolved the capacity to contend with suboptimal conditions by engaging in dormancy, whereby individuals enter a reversible state of reduced metabolic activity. The resulting seed banks are complex, storing information and imparting memory that gives rise to multi-scale structures and networks spanning collections of

Yunfu Ou, Carlos González, Juan José Vilatela

The introduction of nanostructured interlayers is one of the most promising strategies for interlaminar reinforcement in structural composites. In this work, we study the failure mechanism and interlayer microstructure of aerospace-grade structural composites reinforced with thin veils of carbon nanotube produced using an industrialised spinning process. Sam

Frederik J. Stender, Keisuke Obata, Max Baumung, Fatwa F. Abdi

Generator-collector experiments offer insights into the mechanisms of electrochemical reactions by correlating the product and generator currents. Most commonly, these experiments are performed using a rotating ring-disk electrode (RRDE). We developed a double electrode flow cell (DEFC) with exchangeable generator and detector electrodes where the electrode

M. Boubeta, M. J. Lombardía, F. Marey-Pérez, D. Morales

This paper introduces area-level Poisson mixed models with temporal and SAR(1) spatially correlated random effects. Small area predictors of the proportions and counts of a dichotomic variable are derived from the new models and the corresponding mean squared errors are estimated by parametric bootstrap. The paper illustrates the introduced methodology with

Michael Doebeli, Eduardo Cancino Jaque, Iaroslav Ispolatov

The processes and mechanisms underlying the origin and maintenance of biological diversity have long been of central importance in ecology and evolution. The competitive exclusion principle states that the number of coexisting species is limited by the number of resources, or by the species' similarity in resource use. Natural systems such as the extreme div

Michela Bia, Martin Huber, Lukáš Lafférs

This paper considers the evaluation of discretely distributed treatments when outcomes are only observed for a subpopulation due to sample selection or outcome attrition. For identification, we combine a selection-on-observables assumption for treatment assignment with either selection-on-observables or instrumental variable assumptions concerning the outcom

Pablo De Nápoli, Tiago Picon

In this work, we investigate the limit case $p=1$ of the classical Stein--Weiss inequality for the Riesz potential.We present a characterization for a special class of vector fields associated to cocanceling operators introduced by Van Schaftingen in arXiv:1104.0192. As an application, we recover some div-curl inequalities found in the literature. In additio

Viviana Acquaviva, Chistopher Lovell, Emille Ishida

We aim to determine some physical properties of distant galaxies (for example, stellar mass, star formation history, or chemical enrichment history) from their observed spectra, using supervised machine learning methods. We know that different astrophysical processes leave their imprint in various regions of the spectra with characteristic signatures. Unfort

Yihao Zhang, Zhaojie Chai, George Lykotrafitis

A very successful model for simulating emergency evacuation is the social-force model. At the heart of the model is the self-driven force that is applied to an agent and is directed towards the exit. However, it is not clear if the application of this force results in optimal evacuation, especially in complex environments with obstacles. Here, we develop a d

M. J. Lombardía, E. López-Vizcaíno, C. Rueda

The aim of this paper is to present an original approach to estimate the gender pay gap. We propose a model-based decomposition, similar to the most popular approaches, where the first component measures differences in group characteristics and the second component measures the unexplained effect; the latter being the real gap. The novel approach incorporate

Ben Sattelberg, Renzo Cavalieri, Michael Kirby, Chris Peterson

A ReLU neural network determines/is a continuous piecewise linear map from an input space to an output space. The weights in the neural network determine a decomposition of the input space into convex polytopes and on each of these polytopes the network can be described by a single affine mapping. The structure of the decomposition, together with the affine

Srinivas Parthasarathy, Shiva Sundaram

Developing machine learning algorithms to understand person-to-person engagement can result in natural user experiences for communal devices such as Amazon Alexa. Among other cues such as voice activity and gaze, a person's audio-visual expression that includes tone of the voice and facial expression serves as an implicit signal of engagement between parties

Stavros Garoufalidis, Jie Gu, Marcos Marino

The partition function of complex Chern-Simons theory on a 3-manifold with torus boundary reduces to a finite dimensional state-integral which is a holomorphic function of a complexified Planck's constant $\tau$ in the complex cut plane and an entire function of a complex parameter $u$. This gives rise to a vector of factorially divergent perturbative formal

M. Ezzadeen, D. Bosch, B. Giraud, S. Barraud

The Von-Neumann bottleneck is a clear limitation for data-intensive applications, bringing in-memory computing (IMC) solutions to the fore. Since large data sets are usually stored in nonvolatile memory (NVM), various solutions have been proposed based on emerging memories, such as OxRAM, that rely mainly on area hungry, one transistor (1T) one OxRAM (1R) bi

Zhenhua Shi, Dongrui Wu, Chenfeng Guo, Changming Zhao

To effectively optimize Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) fuzzy systems for regression problems, a mini-batch gradient descent with regularization, DropRule, and AdaBound (MBGD-RDA) algorithm was recently proposed. This paper further proposes FCM-RDpA, which improves MBGD-RDA by replacing the grid partition approach in rule initialization by fuzzy c-means clustering,

Gergely Buza, George Haller, Shobhit Jain

We propose a reformulation for the integral equations approach of Jain, Breunung \& Haller [Nonlinear Dyn. 97, 313--341 (2019)] to steady-state response computation for periodically forced nonlinear mechanical systems. This reformulation results in additional speed-up and better convergence. We show that the solutions of the reformulated equations are in one

Joseph D. Romano, Trang T. Le, William La Cava, John T. Gregg

Motivation: Novel machine learning and statistical modeling studies rely on standardized comparisons to existing methods using well-studied benchmark datasets. Few tools exist that provide rapid access to many of these datasets through a standardized, user-friendly interface that integrates well with popular data science workflows. Results: This release of P

Zhaoyuan Fang, Ayush Jain, Gabriel Sarch, Adam W. Harley

Passive methods for object detection and segmentation treat images of the same scene as individual samples and do not exploit object permanence across multiple views. Generalization to novel or difficult viewpoints thus requires additional training with lots of annotations. In contrast, humans often recognize objects by simply moving around, to get more info

Shreya Malani, Dinesh Gaurav, Anoop Vallabhajosyula, Rahul Agrawal

Diverse keyword suggestions for a given landing page or matching queries to diverse documents is an active research area in online advertising. Modern search engines provide advertisers with products like Dynamic Search Ads and Smart Campaigns where they extract meaningful keywords/phrases from the advertiser's product inventory. These keywords/phrases are r

Josias Langbehn, Sergio Acero Gonzalez, Piet W. Brouwer, Felix von Oppen

Motivated by recent experiments searching for Majorana zero modes in tripartite semiconductor nanowires with epitaxial superconductor and ferromagnetic-insulator layers, we explore the emergence of topological superconductivity in such devices for paradigmatic arrangements of the three constituents. Accounting for the competition between magnetism and superc

M. D. Esteban, M. J. Lombardía, E. López-Vizcaíno, D. Morales

This paper introduces empirical best predictors of small area bivariate parameters, like ratios of sums or sums of ratios, by assuming that the target unit-level vector follows a bivariate nested error regression model. The corresponding means squared errors are estimated by parametric bootstrap. Several simulation experiments empirically study the behavior

Haoxiang Ma, Jie Fu

Attention control is a key cognitive ability for humans to select information relevant to the current task. This paper develops a computational model of attention and an algorithm for attention-based probabilistic planning in Markov decision processes. In attention-based planning, the robot decides to be in different attention modes. An attention mode corres

Wen Xiao, Giuseppe Carenini

Our analysis of large summarization datasets indicates that redundancy is a very serious problem when summarizing long documents. Yet, redundancy reduction has not been thoroughly investigated in neural summarization. In this work, we systematically explore and compare different ways to deal with redundancy when summarizing long documents. Specifically, we o

Tomas Brauner

Higher-form symmetries are associated with transformations that only act on extended objects, not on point particles. Typically, higher-form symmetries live alongside ordinary, point-particle (0-form), symmetries and they can be jointly described in terms of a direct product symmetry group. However, when the actions of 0-form and higher-form symmetries becom

Shihao Song, Anup Das, Onur Mutlu, Nagarajan Kandasamy

Modern computing systems are embracing non-volatile memory (NVM) to implement high-capacity and low-cost main memory. Elevated operating voltages of NVM accelerate the aging of CMOS transistors in the peripheral circuitry of each memory bank. Aggressive device scaling increases power density and temperature, which further accelerates aging, challenging the r

Zeyuan Xuan, Peng Peng, Xian Chen

Mass and distance are fundamental quantities to measure in gravitational-wave (GW) astronomy. However, recent studies suggest that the measurement may be biased due to the acceleration of GW source. Here we develop an analytical method to quantify such a bias induced by a tertiary on a double white dwarf (DWD), since DWDs are the most common GW sources in th

Martijn de Vries, Roger W. Romani, Oleg Kargaltsev, George Pavlov

We have obtained a deep 670 ks CXO ACIS image of the remarkable pulsar wind nebula (PWN) of PSR J1709-4429, in 4 epochs during 2018-2019. Comparison with an archival 2004 data set provides a pulsar proper motion mu = 13 \pm 3 mas/yr at a PA of 86 \pm 9 degree (1 sigma combined statistical and systematic uncertainties), precluding birth near the center of SNR

Ismael Ayuso, Francisco S. N. Lobo, José P. Mimoso

In this work, we explore wormhole geometries in a recently proposed modified gravity theory arising from a non-conservative gravitational theory, tentatively denoted action-dependent Lagrangian theories. The generalized gravitational field equation essentially depends on a background four-vector $\lambda^\mu$, that plays the role of a coupling parameter asso

Ismael Ayuso, Ruth Lazkoz, Vincenzo Salzano

Over the last years some interest has been gathered by $f(Q)$ theories, which are new candidates to replace Einstein's prescription for gravity. The non-metricity tensor $Q$ allows to put forward the assumption of a free torsionless connection and, consequently, new degrees of freedom in the action are taken into account. This work focuses on a class of $f(Q

Luca Lepori, Simone Paganelli, Fabio Franchini, Andrea Trombettoni

We study the behavior of the mutual information (MI) in various quadratic fermionic chains, with and without pairing terms and both with short- and long-range hoppings. The models considered include the short-range limit and long-range versions of the Kitaev model as well, and also cases in which the area law for the entanglement entropy is - logarithmically

J. C. del Valle, A. V. Turbiner, Adrian M Escobar Ruiz

A simple locally accurate uniform approximation for the nodeless wavefunction is constructed for a {\it neutral} system of two Coulomb charges of different masses $(-q,m_1)$ and $(q,m_2)$ at rest in a constant uniform magnetic field for the states of positive and negative parity, ${(1s_0)}$ and ${(2p_0)}$, respectively. It is shown that by keeping the mass a

Joshua D. Simon, Thomas M. Brown, Alex Drlica-Wagner, Ting S. Li

We present deep Hubble Space Telescope (HST) photometry of the ultra-faint dwarf galaxy Eridanus II (Eri II). Eri II, which has an absolute magnitude of M_V = -7.1, is located at a distance of 339 kpc, just beyond the virial radius of the Milky Way. We determine the star formation history of Eri II and measure the structure of the galaxy and its star cluster

Ji Won Park, Sebastian Wagner-Carena, Simon Birrer, Philip J. Marshall

We investigate the use of approximate Bayesian neural networks (BNNs) in modeling hundreds of time-delay gravitational lenses for Hubble constant ($H_0$) determination. Our BNN was trained on synthetic HST-quality images of strongly lensed active galactic nuclei (AGN) with lens galaxy light included. The BNN can accurately characterize the posterior PDFs of

Ashoke Sen

In perturbative amplitudes in quantum field theory and string field theory, Cutkosky rule expresses the anti-hermitian part of a Feynman diagram in terms of sum over all its cut diagrams, and this in turn is used to prove unitarity of the theory. For D-instanton contribution to a string theory amplitude, the cutting rule needed for the proof of unitarity is

Bowen Shi, Xin Dai, Yuan-Ming Lu

We study the entanglement behavior of a random unitary circuit punctuated by projective measurements at the measurement-driven phase transition in one spatial dimension. We numerically study the logarithmic entanglement negativity of two disjoint intervals and find that it scales as a power of the cross-ratio. We investigate two systems: (1) Clifford circuit

Francesco Parisen Toldin

We study the boundary critical behavior of the three-dimensional Heisenberg universality class, in the presence of a bidimensional surface. By means of high-precision Monte Carlo simulations of an improved lattice model, where leading bulk scaling corrections are suppressed, we prove the existence of a special phase transition, with unusual exponents, and of

Denis S. Krotov

We describe the computer-aided classification of equitable partitions of the $12$-cube with quotient matrix $[[2,10],[6,6]]$, or, equivalently, simple orthogonal arrays OA$(1536,12,2,7)$, or order-$7$ correlation-immune Boolean functions in $12$ variables with $1536$ ones (which completes the classification of unbalanced order-$7$ correlation-immune Boolean

Denis S. Krotov

Let $q$ be a power of a prime $p$, and let $V$ be an $n$-dimensional space over the field GF$(q)$. A $Z_p$-valued function $C$ on the set of $k$-dimensional subspaces of $V$ is called a $k$-uniform $Z_p$-null design of strength $t$ if for every $t$-dimensional subspace $y$ of $V$ the sum of $C$ over the $k$-dimensional superspaces of $y$ equals $0$. For $q=p

Courtney Carter, Charlie Conroy, Dennis Zaritsky, Yuan-Sen Ting

Ancient, very metal-poor stars offer a window into the earliest epochs of galaxy formation and assembly. We combine data from the H3 Spectroscopic Survey and Gaia to measure metallicities, abundances of $\alpha$ elements, stellar ages, and orbital properties of a sample of 482 very metal-poor (VMP; [Fe/H]$<-2$) stars in order to constrain their origins. This

Joseph A. Guidry, Zachary P. Vanderbosch, J. J. Hermes, Brad N. Barlow

We present a novel method to detect variable astrophysical objects and transient phenomena using anomalous excess scatter in repeated measurements from public catalogs of Gaia DR2 and Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) DR3 photometry. We first provide a generalized, all-sky proxy for variability using only Gaia DR2 photometry, calibrated to white dwarf stars. T

José Calderón-Infante, Angel M. Uranga, Irene Valenzuela

The Swampland Distance Conjecture (SDC) restricts the geodesic distances that scalars can traverse in effective field theories as they approach points at infinite distance in moduli space. We propose that, when applied to the subset of light fields in effective theories with scalar potentials, the SDC restricts the amount of non-geodesicity allowed for traje

Saulo Diles

This letter is dedicated to providing proof of two statements concerning the gradient expansion of relativistic hydrodynamics. The first statement is that \textit{the ordering of transverse derivatives is irrelevant in the gradient expansion of a non-conformal fluid}. The second statement is that \textit{the longitudinal projection of the Weyl covariant deri

Nick Evans, Konstantinos S. Rigatos

We review arguments that chiral symmetry breaking is triggered when the quark bilinear condensate's dimension passes through one ($\gamma=1$). This is supported by gap equations and more recently holographic models. Confinement may then be a separate property of the pure Yang-Mills theory below the scale of the dynamically generated quark mass, occurring at

Shengqi Sang, Yaodong Li, Tianci Zhou, Xiao Chen

We propose entanglement negativity as a fine-grained probe of measurement-induced criticality. We motivate this proposal in stabilizer states, where for two disjoint subregions, comparing their "mutual negativity" and their mutual information leads to a precise distinction between bipartite and multipartite entanglement. In a measurement-only stabilizer circ

Stephen G. Naculich

We examine in detail the structure of the Regge limit of the (nonplanar) ${\cal N}=4$ SYM four-point amplitude. We begin by developing a basis of color factors $C_{ik}$ suitable for the Regge limit of the amplitude at any loop order, and then calculate explicitly the coefficients of the amplitude in that basis through three-loop order using the Regge limit o

Valentin Decoene, Kumiko Kotera, Joseph Silk

Neutron stars are likely surrounded by gas, debris, and asteroid belts. Kozai-Lidov perturbations, induced by a distant, but gravitationally bound companion, can trigger the infall of such orbiting bodies onto a central compact object. These effects could lead to the emission of fast radio bursts (FRBs), for example by asteroid-induced magnetic wake fields i

Madhurima Choudhury, Atrideb Chatterjee, Abhirup Datta, Tirthankar Roy Choudhury

The redshifted 21-cm signal of neutral Hydrogen is a promising probe into the period of evolution of our Universe when the first stars were formed (Cosmic Dawn), to the period where the entire Universe changed its state from being completely neutral to completely ionized (Reionization). The most striking feature of this line of neutral Hydrogen is that it ca

Rossella Gamba, Sebastiano Bernuzzi, Alessandro Nagar

The inference of binary neutron star properties from gravitational-wave observations requires the generation of millions of waveforms, each one spanning about three order of magnitudes in frequency range. Thus, waveform models must be efficiently generated and, at the same time, be faithful from the post-Newtonian quasi-adiabatic inspiral up to the merger re

B. O'Connor, E. Troja, S. Dichiara, E. A. Chase

We present a detailed multi-wavelength analysis of two short Gamma-Ray Bursts (sGRBs) detected by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory: GRB 160624A at $z=0.483$ and GRB 200522A at $z=0.554$. These sGRBs demonstrate very different properties in their observed emission and environment. GRB 160624A is associated to a late-type galaxy with an old stellar populatio

Stephanie O'Neil, David J. Barnes, Mark Vogelsberger, Benedikt Diemer

The splashback radius, $R_{\rm sp}$, is a physically motivated halo boundary that separates infalling and collapsed matter of haloes. We study $R_{\rm sp}$ in the hydrodynamic and dark matter only IllustrisTNG simulations. The most commonly adopted signature of $R_{\rm sp}$ is the radius at which the radial density profiles are steepest. Therefore, we explic

Caterina Chiocchetta, Alessandro Gruppuso, Massimiliano Lattanzi, Paolo Natoli

We present an assessment of the CMB large scale anomalies in polarisation using the two-point correlation function as a test case. We employ the state of the art of large scale polarisation datasets: the first based on a Planck 2018 HFI 100 and 143 GHz cross-spectrum analysis, based on SRoll2 processing, and the second from a map-based approach derived throu

Luca Grassitelli, Norbert Langer, Jonathan Mackey, Goetz Graefener

Luminous blue variables (LBVs) are hot, very luminous massive stars displaying large quasi-periodic variations in brightness, radius,and photospheric temperature, on timescales of years to decades. The physical origin of this variability, called S Doradus cycle after its prototype, has remained elusive. Here, we study the feedback of stellar wind mass-loss o

Erez Michaely, Michael Shara

Multiple star systems interact strongly with Galactic field stars when the outer semi-major axis of a triple or multiple star is > 10 3 AU. Stable triples composed of two white-dwarfs (WD) and a low mass main sequence (MS) star in a wide outer orbit can thus be destabilized by gravitational interactions with random field stars. Such interactions excite the e

Sameer, J. C. Charlton, J. M. Norris, M. Gebhardt

We present a new method aimed at improving the efficiency of component by component ionization modeling of intervening quasar absorption line systems. We carry out cloud-by-cloud, multiphase modeling making use of CLOUDY and Bayesian methods to extract physical properties from an ensemble of absorption profiles. Here, as a demonstration of method, we focus o

João Barata, Niklas Mueller, Andrey Tarasov, Raju Venugopalan

Motivated by the parton picture of high energy quantum chromodynamics, we develop a single-particle digitization strategy for the efficient quantum simulation of relativistic scattering processes in a $d+1$ dimensional scalar $\phi^4$ field theory. We work out quantum algorithms for initial state preparation, time evolution and final state measurements. We o

Jaeyeon Kim, Mélanie Chevance, J. M. Diederik Kruijssen, Andreas Schruba

Feedback from massive stars plays a key role in molecular cloud evolution. After the onset of star formation, the young stellar population is exposed by photoionization, winds, supernovae, and radiation pressure from massive stars. Recent observations of nearby galaxies have provided the evolutionary timeline between molecular clouds and exposed young stars,

Aleix Gimenez-Grau, Pedro Liendo, Philine van Vliet

Boundaries in three-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=2$ superconformal theories may preserve one half of the original bulk supersymmetry. There are two possibilities which are characterized by the chirality of the leftover supercharges. Depending on the choice, the remaining $2d$ boundary algebra exhibits $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ or $\mathcal{N}=(1,1)$ supersymmetry. In

R. S. Gupta, V. V. Khoze, M. Spannowsky

We show that QCD instantons can generate large effects at small length scales in the ultraviolet in standard composite Higgs models that utilise partial compositeness. This has important implications for possible solutions of the strong CP problem in these models. First we show that in the simplest known UV completions of composite Higgs models, if an axion

Joan R. Najita, John S. Carr, Sean D. Brittain, John H. Lacy

Physical processes that redistribute or remove angular momentum from protoplanetary disks can drive mass accretion onto the star and affect the outcome of planet formation. Despite ubiquitous evidence that protoplanetary disks are engaged in accretion, the process(es) responsible remain unclear. Here we present evidence for redshifted molecular absorption in

Adrian M. Price-Whelan, David W. Hogg, Kathryn V. Johnston, Melissa K. Ness

Many approaches to galaxy dynamics assume that the gravitational potential is simple and the distribution function is time-invariant. Under these assumptions there are traditional tools for inferring potential parameters given observations of stellar kinematics (e.g., Jeans models). However, spectroscopic surveys measure many stellar properties beyond kinema

Hamsa Padmanabhan, Abraham Loeb

We discuss the possible origin of the double-peaked profiles recently observed in Lyman-Alpha Emitters (LAEs) at the epoch of reionization ($z \gtrsim 6.5$) from obscured active galactic nuclei (AGN). Combining the extent of the Lyman-$\alpha$ near-zones estimated from the blue peak velocity offset in these galaxies, with the ionizing emissivity of quasars a

Markus Dierigl, Jonathan J. Heckman

We study the cobordism conjecture of McNamara and Vafa which asserts that the bordism group of quantum gravity is trivial. In the context of type IIB string theory compactified on a circle, this predicts the presence of D7-branes. On the other hand, the non-Abelian structure of the IIB duality group $SL(2,\mathbb{Z})$ implies the existence of additional $[p,

Liye Fu, Susan R. Fussell, Cristian Danescu-Niculescu-Mizil

Aided by technology, people are increasingly able to communicate across geographical, cultural, and language barriers. This ability also results in new challenges, as interlocutors need to adapt their communication approaches to increasingly diverse circumstances. In this work, we take the first steps towards automatically assisting people in adjusting their

Hiromichi Tagawa, Bence Kocsis, Zoltan Haiman, Imre Bartos

The recently discovered gravitational wave sources GW190521 and GW190814 have shown evidence of BH mergers with masses and spins that could be outside of the range expected from isolated stellar evolution. These merging objects could have undergone previous mergers. Such hierarchical mergers are predicted to be frequent in active galactic nuclei (AGN) disks,

Arthur Hebecker, Sascha Leonhardt

We discuss the problem of metastable SUSY breaking in the landscape. While this is clearly crucial for the various de Sitter proposals, it is also interesting to consider the SUSY breaking challenge in the AdS context. For example, it could be that a stronger form of the non-SUSY AdS conjecture holds: It would forbid even metastable non-SUSY AdS in cases whe

Ben Heidenreich, Jacob McNamara, Miguel Montero, Matthew Reece

We draw attention to a class of generalized global symmetries, which we call "Chern-Weil global symmetries," that arise ubiquitously in gauge theories. The Noether currents of these Chern-Weil global symmetries are given by wedge products of gauge field strengths, such as $F_2 \wedge H_3$ and $\text{tr}(F_2^2)$, and their conservation follows from Bianchi id

D. Blinov, S. Kiehlmann, V. Pavlidou, G. V. Panopoulou

We present uniformly reprocessed and re-calibrated data from the RoboPol programme of optopolarimetric monitoring of active galactic nuclei (AGN), covering observations between 2013, when the instrument was commissioned, and 2017. In total, the dataset presented in this paper includes 5068 observations of 222 AGN with Dec > -25 deg. We describe the current v

Falk Hassler, Thomas B. Rochais

We show that the one- and two-loop $\beta$-functions of the closed, bosonic string can be written in a manifestly O($D$,$D$)-covariant form. Based on this result, we prove that 1) Poisson-Lie symmetric $\sigma$-models are two-loop renormalisable and 2) their $\beta$-functions are invariant under Poisson-Lie T-duality. Moreover, we identify a distinguished sc

S. Fazzini, P. Chudzinski, C. Dauer, I. Schneider

Time-periodic driving facilitates a wealth of novel quantum states and quantum engineering. The interplay of Floquet states and strong interactions is particularly intriguing, which we study using time-periodic fields in a one-dimensional quantum gas, modeled by a Luttinger liquid with periodically changing interactions. By developing a time-periodic operato

Aleksander Holynski, Brian Curless, Steven M. Seitz, Richard Szeliski

In this paper, we demonstrate a fully automatic method for converting a still image into a realistic animated looping video. We target scenes with continuous fluid motion, such as flowing water and billowing smoke. Our method relies on the observation that this type of natural motion can be convincingly reproduced from a static Eulerian motion description, i

Christian Pedersen, Andreu Font-Ribera, Keir K. Rogers, Patrick McDonald

Interpreting observations of the Lyman-$\alpha$ forest flux power spectrum requires interpolation between a small number of expensive simulations. We present a Gaussian process emulator modelling the 1D flux power spectrum as a function of the amplitude and slope of the small-scale linear matter power spectrum, and the state of the intergalactic medium at th

Ting-Chun Wang, Arun Mallya, Ming-Yu Liu

We propose a neural talking-head video synthesis model and demonstrate its application to video conferencing. Our model learns to synthesize a talking-head video using a source image containing the target person's appearance and a driving video that dictates the motion in the output. Our motion is encoded based on a novel keypoint representation, where the i

Sangwon Kim, Tobias Schmude, Guido Burkard, Andrey S. Moskalenko

We theoretically investigate tunneling through free-space or dielectric nanogaps between metallic nanocontacts driven by ultrashort ultrabroadband light pulses. For this purpose we develop a time-dependent quasiclassical theory being especially suitable to describe the tunneling process in the non-adiabatic regime, when this process can be significantly infl

Emanuele Bugliarello, Ryan Cotterell, Naoaki Okazaki, Desmond Elliott

Large-scale pretraining and task-specific fine-tuning is now the standard methodology for many tasks in computer vision and natural language processing. Recently, a multitude of methods have been proposed for pretraining vision and language BERTs to tackle challenges at the intersection of these two key areas of AI. These models can be categorised into eithe

Yuri Bonder, Benito A. Juárez-Aubry

The 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics distinguished two research projects on black holes, which are one of the most striking predictions of General Relativity. The prize was divided in two parts. The first half was awarded to Roger Penrose in recognition of his singularity theorems that guarantee that black holes, which were mathematically found since an early sta

Shang-Wen Li, Jason Krone, Shuyan Dong, Yi Zhang

Recently deep learning has dominated many machine learning areas, including spoken language understanding (SLU). However, deep learning models are notorious for being data-hungry, and the heavily optimized models are usually sensitive to the quality of the training examples provided and the consistency between training and inference conditions. To improve th

Tarkan Temizöz, Christina Imdahl, Remco Dijkman, Douniel Lamghari-Idrissi

The application of Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) to inventory management is an emerging field. However, traditional DRL algorithms, originally developed for diverse domains such as game-playing and robotics, may not be well-suited for the specific challenges posed by inventory management. Consequently, these algorithms often fail to outperform establishe

Goutam Das, M. C. Kumar, Kajal Samanta

The complete next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO) QCD correction matched with next-to-next-to leading logarithm (NNLL) has been studied for Drell-Yan production through spin-2 particle at the Large hadron collider (LHC). We consider generic spin-2 particle which couples differently to the quarks and the gluons (non-universal scenario). The threshold enhanced

Fatemeh Rezaee

We show that the wall-crossing in Bridgeland stability fails to be detected by the birational geometry of stable sheaves, and vice versa. There is a wall in the stability space of canonical genus four curves which does not induce a step in the Minimal Model Program. More precisely, we give an example of a wall-crossing in $\mathrm{D}^{b}(\mathbb{P}^{3})$ suc

Tingwu Wang, Yunrong Guo, Maria Shugrina, Sanja Fidler

The field of physics-based animation is gaining importance due to the increasing demand for realism in video games and films, and has recently seen wide adoption of data-driven techniques, such as deep reinforcement learning (RL), which learn control from (human) demonstrations. While RL has shown impressive results at reproducing individual motions and inte

Nachiket Karve, R. Loganayagam

In this note, we develop a framework to describe open quantum systems in the Heisenberg picture, i.e., via time evolving operator algebras. We point out the incompleteness of the previous proposals in this regard. We argue that a complete Heisenberg picture for an open quantum system involves multiple image Heisenberg operators for each system observable. Fo

Henrique Vázquez, Alina Kononov, Andreas Kyritsakis, Nikita Medvedev

Highly energetic ions traversing a two-dimensional material such as graphene produce strong electronic excitations. Electrons excited to energy states above the work function can give rise to secondary electron emission, reducing the amount of energy that remains the graphene after the ion impact. Electrons can either be emitted (kinetic energy transfer) or

Vikesh Siddhu

Entanglement and quantum information lie at the root of quantum theory. These remarkable resources are generally believed to diminish when systems carrying them interact with their environment. By contrast, we find that engaging a system with its environment can increases its ability to carry quantum information. The maximum rate of transmission is given by

Serkan Hoşten, Isabelle Shankar, Angélica Torres

The Zariski closure of the central path which interior point algorithms track in convex optimization problems such as linear, quadratic, and semidefinite programs is an algebraic curve. The degree of this curve has been studied in relation to the complexity of these interior point algorithms, and for linear programs it was computed by De Loera, Sturmfels, an

Melih Bastopcu, Sennur Ulukus

We consider two closely related problems: anomaly detection in sensor networks and testing for infections in human populations. In both problems, we have $n$ nodes (sensors, humans), and each node exhibits an event of interest (anomaly, infection) with probability $p$. We want to keep track of the anomaly/infection status of all nodes at a central location.

Bakul Agarwal, Stephen P. Jones, Andreas von Manteuffel

We calculate the two-loop QCD corrections to $gg \to ZZ$ involving a closed top-quark loop. We present a new method to systematically construct linear combinations of Feynman integrals with a convergent parametric representation, where we also allow for irreducible numerators, higher powers of propagators, dimensionally shifted integrals, and subsector integ

Jonathan Oppenheim, Zachary Weller-Davies

We study a class of theories in which space-time is treated classically, while interacting with quantum fields. These circumvent various no-go theorems and the pathologies of semi-classical gravity, by being linear in the density matrix and phase-space density. The theory can either be considered fundamental or as an effective theory where the classical limi

Milan Ding, Juliet C. Pickering

Analysis of hyperfine structure constants of singly ionised cobalt (Co II) were performed on cobalt spectra measured by Fourier transform spectrometers in the region $3000-63000$ cm$^{-1}$ ($3333-159$ nm). Fits to over $700$ spectral lines led to measurements of $292$ magnetic dipole hyperfine interaction $A$ constants, with values between $-32.5$ mK and $59

Thomas O'Leary-Roseberry, Umberto Villa, Peng Chen, Omar Ghattas

Many-query problems, arising from uncertainty quantification, Bayesian inversion, Bayesian optimal experimental design, and optimization under uncertainty-require numerous evaluations of a parameter-to-output map. These evaluations become prohibitive if this parametric map is high-dimensional and involves expensive solution of partial differential equations

Giulia Cusin, Nicola Tamanini

We present a method to include lensing selection effects due to the finite horizon of a given detector when studying lensing of gravitational wave (GW) sources. When selection effects are included, the mean of the magnification distribution is shifted from one to higher values for sufficiently high-redshift sources. This introduces an irreducible (multiplica

Célia Borlido, Brett McLean

We investigate the representation and complete representation classes for algebras of partial functions with the signature of relative complement and domain restriction. We provide and prove the correctness of a finite equational axiomatisation for the class of algebras representable by partial functions. As a corollary, the same equations axiomatise the alg

Ruben Henrard, Sondre Kvamme, Adam-Christiaan van Roosmalen

The Auslander correspondence is a fundamental result in Auslander-Reiten theory. In this paper we introduce the category $\operatorname{mod_{\mathsf{adm}}}(\mathcal{E})$ of admissibly finitely presented functors and use it to give a version of Auslander correspondence for any exact category $\mathcal{E}$. An important ingredient in the proof is the localizat

David E. Woon, Dominique M. Maffucci, Eric Herbst

Accurate and thorough characterization of the chemistry of compounds containing the third-row elements sulfur and chlorine is critical for modeling the composition of the atmosphere of Venus. We have used a combination of ab initio quantum chemistry and kinetic theory to characterize a group of nine exothermic reactions that involve the exotic sulfur-chlorin

David Loeffler

We prove that Novodvorsky's definition of local L-factors for generic representations of GSp(4) x GL(2) is compatible with the local Langlands correspondence when the GL(2) representation is non-supercuspidal. We also give an interpretation in terms of Langlands parameters of the "exceptional" poles of the GSp(4) x GL(2) L-factor, and of the "subregular" pol