December 2020 arXiv papers — page 83

Reinald Kim Amplayo, Stefanos Angelidis, Mirella Lapata

The recent success of deep learning techniques for abstractive summarization is predicated on the availability of large-scale datasets. When summarizing reviews (e.g., for products or movies), such training data is neither available nor can be easily sourced, motivating the development of methods which rely on synthetic datasets for supervised training. We s

Lenny Fukshansky, David Kogan

We introduce maximal and average coherence on lattices by analogy with these notions on frames in Euclidean spaces. Lattices with low coherence can be of interest in signal processing, whereas lattices with high orthogonality defect are of interest in sphere packing problems. As such, coherence and orthogonality defect are different measures of the extent to

Zihao Qi, Eric Bobrow, Yi Li

Flat bands in lattice models have provided useful platforms for studying strong correlation and topological physics. Recently, honeycomb superlattices have been shown to host flat bands that persist in the presence of local perturbations respecting lattice symmetries. We analytically derive the flat band energies in the presence of longer range hopping and f

Nicholas Carlini, Florian Tramer, Eric Wallace, Matthew Jagielski

It has become common to publish large (billion parameter) language models that have been trained on private datasets. This paper demonstrates that in such settings, an adversary can perform a training data extraction attack to recover individual training examples by querying the language model. We demonstrate our attack on GPT-2, a language model trained on

Sivakanth Gopi, Venkatesan Guruswami

An $(n,r,h,a,q)$-Local Reconstruction Code (LRC) is a linear code over $\mathbb{F}_q$ of length $n$, whose codeword symbols are partitioned into $n/r$ local groups each of size $r$. Each local group satisfies `$a$' local parity checks to recover from `$a$' erasures in that local group and there are further $h$ global parity checks to provide fault tolerance

Antoine Etesse, Ariyan Javanpeykar, Erwan Rousseau

We extend Lang's conjectures to the setting of intermediate hyperbolicity and prove two new results motivated by these conjectures. More precisely, we first extend the notion of algebraic hyperbolicity (originally introduced by Demailly) to the setting of intermediate hyperbolicity and show that this property holds if the appropriate exterior power of the co

Michel-Andrès Breton, Pierre Fleury

The interpretation of cosmological observations relies on a notion of an average Universe, which is usually considered as the homogeneous and isotropic Friedmann-Lema\^itre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) model. However, inhomogeneities may statistically bias the observational averages with respect to FLRW, notably for distance measurements, due to a number of effec

Stephen Boughn

In a recent series of papers and lectures, John Conway and Simon Kochen presented The Free Will Theorem. "It asserts, roughly, that if indeed we humans have free will, then elementary particles already have their own small share of this valuable commodity." Perhaps the primary motivation of their papers was to place stringent constraints on quantum mechanica

Mark H. Y. Cheung, Joseph Gais, Otto A. Hannuksela, Tjonnie G. F. Li

When gravitational waves pass through the nuclear star clusters of galactic lenses, they may be microlensed by the stars. Such microlensing can cause potentially observable beating patterns on the waveform due to waveform superposition and magnify the signal. On the one hand, the beating patterns and magnification could lead to the first detection of a micro

Guido Violano, Antoine Chateauminois, Luciano Afferrante

In this paper, we propose a numerical model to describe the adhesive normal contact between a "rigid" spherical indenter and a viscoelastic rough substrate. The model accounts for dissipative process under the assumption that viscoelastic losses are localized at the (micro)-contact lines. Numerical predictions are then compared with experimental measurements

Rajiv V. Gavai

Lattice techniques are the most reliable ones to investigate non-perturbative aspects of quantum chromodynamics (QCD) such as its phase diagram in the temperature-baryon density plane. They are, however, well-known to be beset with a variety of problems as one increases the density. We address here the old question of placing the baryonic (quark) chemical po

Yi-Lun Du, Daniel Pablos, Konrad Tywoniuk

Jet interactions in a hot QCD medium created in heavy-ion collisions are conventionally assessed by measuring the modification of the distributions of jet observables with respect to the proton-proton baseline. However, the steeply falling production spectrum introduces a strong bias toward small energy losses that obfuscates a direct interpretation of the i

B. Theodore Zhang, Kohta Murase, Péter Veres, Péter Mészáros

The detection of TeV gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) brought new opportunities for studying the physics of particle acceleration at relativistic shocks. The \hess telescopes recently observed very-high-energy (VHE) emission from a nearby low-luminosity GRB, GRB 190829A. Follow-up observations with, e.g., Swift-XRT, revealed unusual flare activities at $\sim 10^3\rm~

João P. K. Abal, Marcia C. Barbosa

Nanoscale materials are a promising desalination technology. While fast water flow in nanotubes is well understood, this is not the case for water permeability in single-layer membranes. The physical-chemical balance between nanopore size, shape, and charge might be the answer.

Ederson Moreira dos Santos, Gabrielle Nornberg, Delia Schiera, Hugo Tavares

In this paper we exploit the phenomenon of two principal half eigenvalues in the context of fully nonlinear Lane-Emden type systems with possibly unbounded coefficients and weights. We show that this gives rise to the existence of two principal spectral curves on the plane. We also construct a possible third spectral curve related to a second eigenvalue and

Carlos Améndola, Kathlén Kohn, Philipp Reichenbach, Anna Seigal

We establish connections between invariant theory and maximum likelihood estimation for discrete statistical models. We show that norm minimization over a torus orbit is equivalent to maximum likelihood estimation in log-linear models. We use notions of stability under a torus action to characterize the existence of the maximum likelihood estimate, and discu

Rustin Nourshargh, Sam Hedges, Mehdi Langlois, Kai Bongs

We propose and demonstrate a scheme to enable Doppler compensation within optical cavities for atom interferometry at significantly increased mode diameters. This has the potential to overcome the primary limitations in cavity enhancement for atom interferometry, circumventing the cavity linewidth limit and enabling mode filtering, power enhancement, and a l

Vítor Albiero, Xingyu Chen, Xi Yin, Guan Pang

We propose real-time, six degrees of freedom (6DoF), 3D face pose estimation without face detection or landmark localization. We observe that estimating the 6DoF rigid transformation of a face is a simpler problem than facial landmark detection, often used for 3D face alignment. In addition, 6DoF offers more information than face bounding box labels. We leve

Giovanni Amelino-Camelia, Giacomo Rosati, Suzana Bedić

Several studies have been devoted to the possibility that quantum gravity might tangibly affect relativistic kinematics for particles propagating from distant astrophysical sources to our telescopes, but the relevant literature has so far focused exclusively on a subclass of scenarios such that the quantum-gravity effects are independent of (macroscopic) cur

Niklas Muennighoff

This work presents Vilio, an implementation of state-of-the-art visio-linguistic models and their application to the Hateful Memes Dataset. The implemented models have been fitted into a uniform code-base and altered to yield better performance. The goal of Vilio is to provide a user-friendly starting point for any visio-linguistic problem. An ensemble of 5

Stefano Marano, Ali H. Sayed

This work focuses on the development of a new family of decision-making algorithms for adaptation and learning, which are specifically tailored to decision problems and are constructed by building up on first principles from decision theory. A key observation is that estimation and decision problems are structurally different and, therefore, algorithms that

F. A. Grunbaum, L. Velazquez, J. Wilkening

This is a personal tribute to Lance Littlejohn on the occasion of his 70th birthday. It is meant as a present to him for many years of friendship. It is not written in the "Satz-Beweis" style of Edmund Landau or even in the format of a standard mathematics paper. It is rather an invitation to a fairly new, largely unexplored, topic in the hope that Lance wil

Dionysios S. Kalogerias

Conditional Value-at-Risk ($\mathrm{CV@R}$) is one of the most popular measures of risk, which has been recently considered as a performance criterion in supervised statistical learning, as it is related to desirable operational features in modern applications, such as safety, fairness, distributional robustness, and prediction error stability. However, due

Ziyang Ding, Sayan Mukherjee

Inference and forecast problems of the nonlinear dynamical system have arisen in a variety of contexts. Reservoir computing and deep sequential models, on the one hand, have demonstrated efficient, robust, and superior performance in modeling simple and chaotic dynamical systems. However, their innate deterministic feature has partially detracted their robus

Richard Evan Schwartz

Let $A=\sqrt 3$. There are two main conjectures about paper Moebius bands. First, a smooth embedded paper Moebius band must have aspect ratio at least A. Second, any sequence of smooth embedded paper Moebius bands having aspect ratio converging to A converges, in the Hausdorff topology and up to isometries, to an equilateral triangle of semiperimeter A. We w

Joe Boninger

We define a polynomial invariant $J_n^T$ of links in the thickened torus. We call $J^T_n$ the $n$th toroidal colored Jones polynomial, and show it satisfies many properties of the original colored Jones polynomial. Most significantly, $J_n^T$ exhibits volume conjecture behavior. We prove the volume conjecture for the 2-by-2 square weave, and provide computat

Andrés Chirre, Emily Quesada-Herrera

We prove several results about integers represented by positive definite quadratic forms, using a Fourier analysis approach. In particular, for an integer $\ell\geq 1$, we improve the error term in the partial sums of the number of representations of integers that are a multiple of $\ell$. This allows us to obtain unconditional Brun-Titchmarsh-type results i

Andrei Benguş-Lasnier

We build on the correspondence between abstract key polynomials and minimal pairs made by Novacoski and show how to relate the valuations that are generated by each object. We can then give a geometric interpretation of valuations built in this fashion. To do so we employ an object called diskoid, which is a generalisation of the classical concept of ball in

Guido Violano, Antoine Chateauminois, Luciano Afferrante

In this work, we investigate dissipative effects involved during the detachment of a smooth spherical glass probe from a viscoelastic silicone substrate patterned with micro-asperities. As a baseline, the pull-off of a single asperity, millimeter-sized contact between a glass lens and a smooth poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) rubber is first investigated as a f

Douglas Grion Filho, Kathryn V. Johnston, Eloisa Poggio, Chervin F. P. Laporte

Our situation as occupants of the Milky Way (MW) Galaxy, bombarded by the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy, provides an intimate view of physical processes that can lead to the dynamical heating of a galactic disc. While this evolution is instigated by Sagittarius, it is also driven by the intertwined influences of the dark matter halo and the disc itself. We analys

Luca Accornero, Marius Crainic

We review Haefliger's differentiable cohomology for the pseudogroup of diffeomorphisms of $\mathbb{R}^q$. We investigate the structure needed to define such a cohomology, which, remarkably, is related to the so called Cartan distribution underlying the geometric study of PDE. We define an analogue of Haefliger differentiable cohomology for flat Cartan groupo

Rebecca W. Smaha, Idris Boukahil, Charles J. Titus, Jack Mingde Jiang

Realizing a quantum spin liquid (QSL) ground state in a real material is a leading issue in condensed matter physics research. In this pursuit, it is crucial to fully characterize the structure and influence of defects, as these can significantly affect the fragile QSL physics. Here, we perform a variety of cutting-edge synchrotron X-ray scattering and spect

G Krishna Teja

In Lie theory the partial sum property (PSP) says that for a root system in any Kac-Moody algebra, every positive root is an ordered sum of simple roots whose partial sums are all roots. In this paper, we present two generalizations: 1) "Parabolic generalization": if $I$ is a subset of simple roots, every root with positive $I$-height is an ordered sum of ro

Ilias Diakonikolas, Daniel M. Kane

Let $V$ be any vector space of multivariate degree-$d$ homogeneous polynomials with co-dimension at most $k$, and $S$ be the set of points where all polynomials in $V$ {\em nearly} vanish. We establish a qualitatively optimal upper bound on the size of $\epsilon$-covers for $S$, in the $\ell_2$-norm. Roughly speaking, we show that there exists an $\epsilon$-

Amir Rasouli, Tiffany Yau, Peter Lakner, Saber Malekmohammadi

Predicting the behavior of road users, particularly pedestrians, is vital for safe motion planning in the context of autonomous driving systems. Traditionally, pedestrian behavior prediction has been realized in terms of forecasting future trajectories. However, recent evidence suggests that predicting higher-level actions, such as crossing the road, can hel

Yanying Liang, Wei Peng, Zhu-Jun Zheng, Olli Silvén

Inspired by the success of classical neural networks, there has been tremendous effort to develop classical effective neural networks into quantum concept. In this paper, a novel hybrid quantum-classical neural network with deep residual learning (Res-HQCNN) is proposed. We firstly analysis how to connect residual block structure with a quantum neural networ

Aoife Boyle, Cora Uhlemann, Oliver Friedrich, Alexandre Barthelemy

Pinning down the total neutrino mass and the dark energy equation of state is a key aim for upcoming galaxy surveys. Weak lensing is a unique probe of the total matter distribution whose non-Gaussian statistics can be quantified by the one-point probability distribution function (PDF) of the lensing convergence. We calculate the convergence PDF on mildly non

Paul C. Bressloff

Stochastic hybrid systems involve the coupling between discrete and continuous stochastic processes. They are finding increasing applications in cell biology, ranging from modeling promoter noise in gene networks to analyzing the effects of stochastically-gated ion channels on voltage fluctuations in single neurons and neural networks. We have previously der

Tianhe Yu, Xinyang Geng, Chelsea Finn, Sergey Levine

Few-shot meta-learning methods consider the problem of learning new tasks from a small, fixed number of examples, by meta-learning across static data from a set of previous tasks. However, in many real world settings, it is more natural to view the problem as one of minimizing the total amount of supervision --- both the number of examples needed to learn a

Lukas Niebel, Rico Zacher

We introduce the concept of kinetic maximal $L^p$-regularity with temporal weights and prove that this property is satisfied for the (fractional) Kolmogorov equation. We show that solutions are continuous with values in the trace space and prove, in particular, that the trace space can be characterized in terms of anisotropic Besov spaces. We further extend

P. M. Copeland, Chueng-Ryong Ji, W. Melnitchouk

The self-energies of the full set of flavor SU(3) octet and decuplet baryons are computed within a relativistic chiral effective theory framework. The leading nonanalytic chiral behavior is derived for the octet and decuplet masses, and a finite-range regularization consistent with Lorentz and gauge invariance is applied to account for the finite size of the

Chris D. A. Blair, Gerben Oling, Jeong-Hyuck Park

We explore the notion of isometries in non-Riemannian geometries. Such geometries include and generalise the backgrounds of non-relativistic string theory, and they can be naturally described using the formalism of double field theory. Adopting this approach, we first solve the corresponding Killing equations for constant flat non-Riemannian backgrounds and

A. D. Gallegos, U. Gürsoy, S. Verma, N. Zinnato

Non-Riemannian gravitational theories suggest alternative avenues to understand properties of quantum gravity and provide a concrete setting to study condensed matter systems with non-relativistic symmetry. Derivation of an action principle for these theories generally proved challenging for various reasons. In this technical note, we employ the formulation

Laurent Guigues

We consider a very simple dynamical system on weighted graphs which we call Iterative Graph Normalization (IGN) and a variant in which we apply a non-linear activation function to the weights after each normalization. We show that the indicator vectors of the Maximal Independent Sets of the graph are the only binary fixed points of IGN, that they are attract

Juan Jose Garau Luis

Meta Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods focus on automating the design of RL algorithms that generalize to a wide range of environments. The framework introduced in (Anonymous, 2020) addresses the problem by representing different RL algorithms as Directed Acyclic Graphs (DAGs), and using an evolutionary meta learner to modify these graphs and find good age

Aryan Deshwal, Syrine Belakaria, Janardhan Rao Doppa

Bayesian optimization (BO) is an efficient framework for solving black-box optimization problems with expensive function evaluations. This paper addresses the BO problem setting for combinatorial spaces (e.g., sequences and graphs) that occurs naturally in science and engineering applications. A prototypical example is molecular optimization guided by expens

Ahmed Ali, Luciano Maiani, Alexander Parkhomenko, Wei Wang

Recently, the Belle Collaboration has updated the analysis of the cross sections for the processes $e^+ e^- \to \Upsilon(nS)\, \pi^+ \pi^-$ ($n = 1,\, 2,\, 3$) in the $e^+ e^-$ center-of-mass energy range from 10.52 to 11.02~GeV. A new structure, called $Y_b (10750)$, with the mass $M (Y_b) = (10752.7 \pm 5.9^{+0.7}_{-1.1})$~MeV and the Breit-Wigner width $\

Ahmed Ali, Ishtiaq Ahmed, M. Jamil Aslam, Alexander Parkhomenko

The LHCb collaboration have recently updated their analysis of the resonant $J/\psi\, p$ mass spectrum in the decay $\Lambda_b^0 \to J/\psi\, p\, K^-$, making use of their combined Run~1 and Run~2 data. In the updated analysis, three narrow states, $P_c (4312)^+$, $P_c (4440)^+$, and $P_c (4457)^+$, are observed. The spin-parity assignments of these states a

Amir Mahdian, Artjom Krükow, Johannes Hecker Denschlag

Collisions with cold particles can dissipate the energy of a hot particle and therefore be exploited as a cooling mechanism. Kinetics teaches us that for a particle to be cooled down by several orders of magnitude, it will typically take many elastic collisions as each one only carries away a certain fraction of the collision energy. Recently, for a system c

Duarte Azevedo, Pedro M. Ferreira, Heather E. Logan, Rui Santos

We discuss the vacuum structure of a version of the Georgi-Machecek model with an exact $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry acting on the triplet fields. Besides the usual custodial-symmetric model, with $\rho=1$ at tree-level, a model with a dark matter candidate is also viable. The other phases of the model lead to electric charge breaking, a wrong pattern of electrow

Niall F. Robertson, Jesper Lykke Jacobsen, Hubert Saleur

Non-compact Conformal Field Theories (CFTs) are central to several aspects of string theory and condensed matter physics. They are characterised, in particular, by the appearance of a continuum of conformal dimensions. Surprisingly, such CFTs have been identified as the continuum limits of lattice models with a finite number of degrees of freedom per site. H

Antonio Di Lallo, Robin R. Murphy, Axel Krieger, Junxi Zhu

Medical robots can play an important role in mitigating the spread of infectious diseases and delivering quality care to patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods and procedures involving medical robots in the continuum of care, ranging from disease prevention, screening, diagnosis, treatment, and homecare have been extensively deployed and also present

Archit Patke, Saurabh Jha, Haoran Qiu, Jim Brandt

High-performance computing (HPC) systems frequently experience congestion leading to significant application performance variation. However, the impact of congestion on application runtime differs from application to application depending on their network characteristics (such as bandwidth and latency requirements). We leverage this insight to develop Netsco

L. Eldén, Maryam Dehghan

Information is extracted from large and sparse data sets organized as 3-mode tensors. Two methods are described, based on best rank-(2,2,2) and rank-(2,2,1) approximation of the tensor. The first method can be considered as a generalization of spectral graph partitioning to tensors, and it gives a reordering of the tensor that clusters the information. The s

Md. Noor-A-Rahim, Zilong Liu, Haeyoung Lee, M. Omar Khyam

We are on the cusp of a new era of connected autonomous vehicles with unprecedented user experiences, tremendously improved road safety and air quality, highly diverse transportation environments and use cases, as well as a plethora of advanced applications. Realizing this grand vision requires a significantly enhanced vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communicati

Vladislav Balagura

The main method for calibrating the luminosity at Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is van der Meer scan where the beams are swept transversely across each other. This beautiful method was invented in 1968. Despite the honourable age, it remains the preferable tool at hadron colliders. It delivers the lowest calibration systematics, which still often dominates the

Quentin Bonnefoy, Luca Di Luzio, Christophe Grojean, Ayan Paul

We study whether higher-dimensional operators in effective field theories, in particular in the Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT), can source gauge anomalies via the modification of the interactions involved in triangle diagrams. We find no evidence of such gauge anomalies at the level of dimension-6 operators that can therefore be chosen indepen

Claudius Gros, Daniel Gros

We analyse 'stop-and-go' containment policies that produce infection cycles as periods of tight lockdowns are followed by periods of falling infection rates. The subsequent relaxation of containment measures allows cases to increase again until another lockdown is imposed and the cycle repeats. The policies followed by several European countries during the C

S. Zhang, A. Zavagno, A. López-Sepulcre, H. Liu

The ionization feedback from HII regions modifies the properties of high-mass starless clumps (HMSCs, of several hundred to a few thousand solar masses with a size of ~0.1-1 pc), such as temperature and turbulence, on the clump scale. The question of whether the presence of HII regions modifies the core-scale fragmentation and star formation in HMSCs remains

Mukti Acharya, Joseph Varghese Kureethara

Let $S=(G, \sigma)$ be a signed graph where $G=(V, E)$ is a graph called the underlying graph of $S$ and $\sigma:E(G) \rightarrow \{+,~-\}$. Let $f:V(G) \rightarrow \{1,2,\dots,|V(G)|\}$ such that $\sigma(uv)=+$ if and only if $f(u)$ and $f(v)$ are of same parity and $\sigma(uv)=-$ if and only if $f(u)$ and $f(v)$ are of opposite parity. Under $f$ we get a s

Björn Birnir, Julie Rowlett

We investigate a mathematical theory for the erosion of sediment which begins with the study of a non-linear, parabolic, weighted 4-Laplace equation on a rectangular domain corresponding to a base segment of an extended landscape. Imposing natural boundary conditions, we show that the equation admits entropy solutions and prove regularity and uniqueness of w

Raghav Gupta, P. K. Srijith, Shantanu Desai

We introduce a continuous depth version of the Residual Network (ResNet) called Neural ordinary differential equations (NODE) for the purpose of galaxy morphology classification. We carry out a classification of galaxy images from the Galaxy Zoo 2 dataset, consisting of five distinct classes, and obtained an accuracy between 91-95\%, depending on the image c

Sarah Hughes, Ellen Schallig, Ian J. Lewis, Gavin Dalton

WEAVE is the new wide-field spectroscopy facility for the prime focus of the William Herschel Telescope at La Palma, Spain. Its fibre positioner is essential for the accurate placement of the spectrograph's 960 fibre multiplex. We provide an overview of the final assembly and metrology of the fibre positioner, and results of lab commissioning of its robot ga

Lorenzo Di Pietro, Edoardo Lauria, Pierluigi Niro

We consider a 4d scalar field coupled to large $N$ free or critical $O(N)$ vector models, either bosonic or fermionic, on a 3d boundary. We compute the $\beta$ function of the classically marginal bulk/boundary interaction at the first non-trivial order in the large $N$ expansion and exactly in the coupling. Starting with the free (critical) vector model at

Ankit Kumar, Manil T. Mohan

The present work is concerned about two-dimensional stochastic convective Brinkman-Forchheimer (2D SCBF) equations perturbed by a white noise (non degenerate) in smooth bounded domains in $\R^{2}$. We establish two important properties of the Markov semigroup associated with the solutions of 2D SCBF equations (for the absorption exponent $r=1,2,3$), that is,

David Aspero, Miguel Angel Mota

Measuring says that for e\-very sequence $(C_\delta)_{\delta<\omega_1}$ with each $C_\delta$ being a closed subset of $\delta$ there is a club $C\subseteq\omega_1$ such that for every $\delta\in C$, a tail of $C\cap\delta$ is either contained in or disjoint from $C_\delta$. In our JSL paper "Measuring club-sequences together with the continuum large" we clai

Jie Li, Vasileios Giotsas, Shi Zhou

Multipath routing is useful for networks to achieve load sharing among multiple routing paths. Multipath BGP (MBGP) is a technique to realize inter-domain multipath routing by enabling a BGP router to install multiple equally-good routes to a destination prefix. Most of previous works did not distinguish between intra-domain and inter-domain multipath routin

Dax Gerts, Courtney D. Shelley, Nidhi Parikh, Travis Pitts

Background: The COVID-19 outbreak has left many people isolated within their homes; these people are turning to social media for news and social connection, which leaves them vulnerable to believing and sharing misinformation. Health-related misinformation threatens adherence to public health messaging, and monitoring its spread on social media is critical t

Garreth Ruane, Eugene Serabyn, Camilo Mejia Prada, Wesley Baxter

The vector vortex coronagraph is an instrument designed for direct detection and spectroscopy of exoplanets over a broad spectral range. Our team is working towards demonstrating contrast performance commensurate with imaging temperate, terrestrial planets orbiting solar-type stars using the High Contrast Imaging Testbed facility at NASA's Jet Propulsion Lab

Stefan Roth, Stefano Tomasin, Marco Maso, Aydin Sezgin

In fifth-generation (5G) cellular networks, users feed back to the base station the index of the precoder (from a codebook) to be used for downlink transmission. The precoder is strongly related to the user channel and in turn to the user position within the cell. We propose a method by which an external attacker determines the user position by passively ove

Barnabás Janzer

An $r$-uniform tight cycle of length $\ell>r$ is a hypergraph with vertices $v_1,\dots,v_\ell$ and edges $\{v_i,v_{i+1},\dots,v_{i+r-1}\}$ (for all $i$), with the indices taken modulo $\ell$. It was shown by Sudakov and Tomon that for each fixed $r\geq 3$, an $r$-uniform hypergraph on $n$ vertices which does not contain a tight cycle of any length has at mos

Jae-Eun Park, Brian Quanz, Steve Wood, Heather Higgins

Quantum machine learning (QML) has emerged as an important area for Quantum applications, although useful QML applications would require many qubits. Therefore our paper is aimed at exploring the successful application of the Quantum Support Vector Machine (QSVM) algorithm while balancing several practical and technical considerations under the Noisy Interme

Sebastian Manecke, Raman Sanyal

We investigate polytopes inscribed into a sphere that are normally equivalent (or strongly isomorphic) to a given polytope $P$. We show that the associated space of polytopes, called the inscribed cone of $P$, is closed under Minkowski addition. Inscribed cones are interpreted as type cones of ideal hyperbolic polytopes and as deformation spaces of Delaunay

Leonardo Lucio Custode, Giovanni Iacca

Reinforcement learning techniques achieved human-level performance in several tasks in the last decade. However, in recent years, the need for interpretability emerged: we want to be able to understand how a system works and the reasons behind its decisions. Not only we need interpretability to assess the safety of the produced systems, we also need it to ex

Juan Manzanero, Carlos Redondo, Miguel Chávez--Módena, Gonzalo Rubio

In this work we introduce the development of a three--phase incompressible Navier--Stokes/Cahn--Hilliard numerical method to simulate three--phase flows, present in many industrial operations. The numerical method is then applied to successfully solve oil transport problems, such as those found in the oil and gas industry. The three--phase model adopted in t

Gerben Izaak Beintema, Roland Toth, Maarten Schoukens

Identifying systems with high-dimensional inputs and outputs, such as systems measured by video streams, is a challenging problem with numerous applications in robotics, autonomous vehicles and medical imaging. In this paper, we propose a novel non-linear state-space identification method starting from high-dimensional input and output data. Multiple computa

Vieri Benci

We present a simple model of interaction of the Maxwell equations with a matter field defined by the Klein-Gordon equation. A simple linear interaction and a nonlinear perurbation produce solutions of the equations containing hylomorphic solitons, namely stable, solitary waves whose existence is related to the ratio energy/charge. These solitons, at low ener

Jan-Hendrik Niemann, Stefan Klus, Christof Schütte

The dynamical behavior of social systems can be described by agent-based models. Although single agents follow easily explainable rules, complex time-evolving patterns emerge due to their interaction. The simulation and analysis of such agent-based models, however, is often prohibitively time-consuming if the number of agents is large. In this paper, we show

Lorenzo Porzi, Samuel Rota Bulò, Peter Kontschieder

Crop-based training strategies decouple training resolution from GPU memory consumption, allowing the use of large-capacity panoptic segmentation networks on multi-megapixel images. Using crops, however, can introduce a bias towards truncating or missing large objects. To address this, we propose a novel crop-aware bounding box regression loss (CABB loss), w

Jack Bandy, Nicholas Diakopoulos

When a re-election rally for the U.S. president drew smaller crowds than expected in Tulsa, Oklahoma, many people attributed the low turnout to collective action organized by TikTok users. Motivated by TikTok's surge in popularity and its growing sociopolitical implications, this work explores the role of TikTok's recommender algorithm in amplifying call-to-

Rishi Maiti, Md Abid Shahriar Rahman Saadi, Rubab Amin, Ongun Ozcelik

Strain engineering offers unique control to manipulate the electronic band structure of two-dimensional materials (2DMs) resulting in an effective and continuous tuning of the physical properties. Ad-hoc straining 2D materials has demonstrated novel devices including efficient photodetectors at telecommunication frequencies, enhanced-mobility transistors, an

Leonardo de la Cruz

Inspired by recent progress on classical limits of scattering amplitudes, we show that hard thermal loops can be obtained from classical limits of off-shell currents. The classicality of hard thermal loops is made manifest by associating classical wavenumbers to soft particles. We compute the classical limit of these currents in QED, QCD and gravity. Our pro

Jean-Christophe Loison, Valentine Wakelam, Pierre Gratier, Kevin M. Hickson

Nitrogen-bearing molecules display variable isotopic fractionation levels in different astronomical environments such as in the interstellar medium or in the Solar System. Models of interstellar chemistry are unable to induce nitrogen fraction in cold molecular clouds as exchange reactions for 15N are mostly inefficient. Here, we developed a new gas-grain mo

Fabio Bagagiolo, Adriano Festa, Luciano Marzufero

In the last years, a growing number of challenging applications in navigation, logistics, and tourism were modeled as orienteering problems. This problem has been proposed in relation to a sport race where certain control points must be visited in a minimal time. In a certain kind of these competitions, the choice of the number and the order for the control

Ji Liu, Luciano Bello, Huiyang Zhou

In this paper, we propose a novel quantum compiler optimization, named relaxed peephole optimization (RPO) for quantum computers. RPO leverages the single-qubit state information that can be determined statically by the compiler. We define that a qubit is in a basis state when, at a given point in time, its state is either in the X-, Y-, or Z-basis. When bas

Karunava Sil

Recently, a direct signature of chaos in many body system has been realized from the energy density retarded Green's function using the phenomenon of `pole skipping'. Moreover, special locations in the complex frequency and momentum plane are found, known as the pole skipping points such that the retarded Green's function can not be defined uniquely there. I

Jérôme Pétri

Neutron star electromagnetic activity produces pairs that fill their magnetosphere represented to the zeroth order by the force-free approximation. Neither dissipation nor acceleration nor radiation from charged particles is expected from this simplified model. So far, only centred dipole magnetic fields have been studied in this limit. In this paper, we exp

Stephanie L. Yardley, Duncan H. Mackay, Lucie M. Green

The coronal magnetic field evolution of 20 bipolar active regions (ARs) is simulated from their emergence to decay using the time-dependent nonlinear force-free field method of Mackay et al. A time sequence of cleaned photospheric line-of-sight magnetograms, that covers the entire evolution of each AR, is used to drive the simulation. A comparison of the sim

B. Stölzner, B. Joachimi, A. Korn, H. Hildebrandt

We present a method that accurately propagates residual uncertainties in photometric redshift distributions into the cosmological inference from weak lensing measurements. The redshift distributions of tomographic redshift bins are parameterised using a flexible modified Gaussian mixture model. We fit this model to pre-calibrated redshift distributions and i

Emily Lubar, Daniel T. Jaffe, Cynthia Brooks, Sierra Hickman

Silicon immersion gratings and grisms enable compact, near-infrared spectrographs with high throughput. These instruments find use in ground-based efforts to characterize stellar and exoplanet atmospheres, and in space-based observatories. Our grating fabrication technique uses x-ray crystallography to orient silicon parts prior to cutting, followed by litho

Fabio Bagagiolo, Adriano Festa, Luciano Marzufero

The optimal visiting problem is the optimization of a trajectory that has to touch or pass as close as possible to a collection of target points. The problem does not verify the dynamic programming principle, and it needs a specific formulation to keep track of the visited target points. In this paper, we introduce a hybrid approach by adding a discontinuous

D. R. Phillips, R. J. Furnstahl, U. Heinz, T. Maiti

We describe the Bayesian Analysis of Nuclear Dynamics (BAND) framework, a cyberinfrastructure that we are developing which will unify the treatment of nuclear models, experimental data, and associated uncertainties. We overview the statistical principles and nuclear-physics contexts underlying the BAND toolset, with an emphasis on Bayesian methodology's abil

Frederik Benirschke

Double ramification loci, also known as strata of $0$-differentials, are algebraic subvarieties of the moduli space of smooth curves parametrizing Riemann surfaces such that there exists a rational function with prescribed ramification over $0$ and $\infty$. We describe the closure of double ramification loci inside the Deligne-Mumford compactification in ge

Katarzyna Merkel, Barbara Loska, Chris Welch, Georg H. Mehl

The relationship between the molecular structure and the formation of the NTB phase is still at an early stage of development. This is mainly related to molecular geometry, while the correlation between the NTB phase and the electronic structure is ambiguous. To explore the electronic effect on properties and stabilization of the NTB phase we investigated 2,

Rajat Pratap Singh Parihar, Dhiwakar V. Mani, Anuradha Banerjee, R. Rajesh

Multi-phase materials, such as composite materials, exhibit multiple competing failure mechanisms during the growth of a macroscopic defect. For the simulation of the overall fracture process in such materials, we develop a two-phase spring network model that accounts for the architecture between the different components as well as the respective disorders i

B. Kampfer, A. I. Titov

Non-linear Compton scattering of ultra-relativistic electrons traversing high-intensity laser pulses generates also hard photons. These photon high-energy tails are considered for parameters in reach at the forthcoming experiments LUXE and E-320. We consider the invariant differential cross sections $d \sigma / du$ between the IR and UV regions and analyze t

Cristiano Bocci, Chiara Capresi

Given a distance matrix $D$, we study the behavior of its compaction vector and reduction matrix with respect to the problem of the realization of $D$ by a weighted graph. To this end, we first give a general result on realization by $n-$cycles and successively we mainly focus on graphs of genus 1, presenting an algorithm which determines when a distance mat

Gerben Beintema, Roland Toth, Maarten Schoukens

Nonlinear state-space identification for dynamical systems is most often performed by minimizing the simulation error to reduce the effect of model errors. This optimization problem becomes computationally expensive for large datasets. Moreover, the problem is also strongly non-convex, often leading to sub-optimal parameter estimates. This paper introduces a

Luca Fedeli, Antonin Sainte-Marie, Neil Zaïm, Maxence Thévenet

We propose a scheme to explore regimes of strong-field Quantum Electrodynamics (SF-QED) otherwise unattainable with the currently available laser technology. The scheme relies on relativistic plasma mirrors curved by radiation pressure to boost the intensity of PetaWatt-class laser pulses by Doppler effect and focus them to extreme field intensities. We show

James Newman, Abbas Razaghpanah, Narseo Vallina-Rodriguez, Fabian E. Bustamante

The closed design of mobile devices -- with the increased security and consistent user interfaces -- is in large part responsible for their becoming the dominant platform for accessing the Internet. These benefits, however, are not without a cost. Their operation of mobile devices and their apps is not easy to understand by either users or operators. We argu