May 2022 arXiv papers — page 101

Mattes Ohlenbusch, Christian Rollwage, Simon Doclo

In-ear microphones in hearing protection devices can be utilized to capture the own voice speech of the person wearing the devices in noisy environments. Since in-ear recordings of the own voice are typically band-limited, an own voice reconstruction system is required to recover clean broadband speech from the in-ear signals. However, the availability of sp

Alejandro Bravo-Doddoli

The space of $k$-jets of $n$ real function of one real variable $x$ admits the structure of a Carnot group, which then has an associated Hamiltonian geodesic flow. As in any Hamiltonian flow, a natural question is the existence of periodic solutions. Does the space of $k$-jets have periodic geodesics? This study will demonstrate the integrability of subRiema

Jonathan Hillman, Dessislava H. Kochloukova

We sharpen earlier work on the pro-$p$ completions of orientable $PD_3$-groups. There are four cases, and we give examples of aspherical 3-manifolds representing each case. In three of the four cases the new results are best possible. We also consider the pro-$p$ completion of some orientable $PD_n$ groups for $n \leq 5$, including surface-by-surface groups.

Ameya Joshi, Minh Pham, Minsu Cho, Leonid Boytsov

Randomized smoothing (RS) has been shown to be a fast, scalable technique for certifying the robustness of deep neural network classifiers. However, methods based on RS require augmenting data with large amounts of noise, which leads to significant drops in accuracy. We propose a training-free, modified smoothing approach, Smooth-Reduce, that leverages patch

Le Zhang, Zichao Yang, Diyi Yang

Data augmentation is an effective approach to tackle over-fitting. Many previous works have proposed different data augmentations strategies for NLP, such as noise injection, word replacement, back-translation etc. Though effective, they missed one important characteristic of language--compositionality, meaning of a complex expression is built from its sub-p

Kevin Batz, Mingshuai Chen, Sebastian Junges, Benjamin Lucien Kaminski

Essential tasks for the verification of probabilistic programs include bounding expected outcomes and proving termination in finite expected runtime. We contribute a simple yet effective inductive synthesis approach for proving such quantitative reachability properties by generating inductive invariants on source-code level. Our implementation shows promise:

Jean-Christophe Pain

We present sum rules for Clebsch-Gordan coefficients in the framework of SO(4) group-theoretical description of the hydrogen atom. The main results are obtained using properties of the Runge-Lenz- Pauli vector, in particular expressing the matrix elements of the powers of its last component both in spherical and parabolic basis. Connections with Stark effect

Andong Fan, Xuejing Huang, Han Xu, Yaozhu Sun

The recently proposed CP language adopts Compositional Programming: a new modular programming style that solves challenging problems such as the Expression Problem. CP is implemented on top of a polymorphic core language with disjoint intersection types called Fi+. The semantics of Fi+ employs an elaboration to a target language and relies on a sophisticated

Lukas Thoma, Benjamin Roth

In recent years, deep neural language models have made strong progress in various NLP tasks. This work explores one facet of the question whether state-of-the-art NLP models exhibit elementary mechanisms known from human cognition. The exploration is focused on a relatively primitive mechanism for which there is a lot of evidence from various psycholinguisti

Daniel R Häupl, Daniel Weller, Robert Löw, Nicolas Y Joly

We present a new type of compact and all-glass based vapour cell integrating hollow-core photonic crystal fibres. The absence of metals, as in a traditional vacuum chamber and the much more compact geometry allows for fast and homogeneous heating. As a consequence we can fill the fibres on much faster timescales, ranging from minutes to hours. Additionally t

O. G. Styrt

Subsets of a matrix algebra over a field that are invariant under conjugation and contain the linear span of each two of their commuting elements are described. They obviously include the subsets of diagonalizable and nilpotent matrices. In the paper, the case of an algebraically closed field is considered. The problem is easily reduced to description of sub

Koushik Dey, Abinash Tripathy, Shikha Rani Sahu, Himanshu Srivastava

Local structural symmetries play a key role in the functionalities of ferroelectric materials and are often found different from average symmetry. Here, we study the real space nanoscale structure in Pb-free BaZr$_{x}$Ti$_{1-x}$O$_{3}$ (x $\leq$ 0.10) by pair distribution function measurements, complemented by transmission electron microscopy and x-ray diffr

G. E. Volovik

The double Hawking temperature $T=2T_H$ appears in some approaches to the Hawking radiation, when the radiation is considered in terms of the quantum tunneling. We consider the origin of such temperature for the black hole horizon and also for the cosmological horizon in de Sitter spacetime. In case the black hole horizon, there are two contributions to the

A. H. Nelson

Anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background are thought to be due to perturbations of the primordial medium, which, post recombination, lead to the formation of galaxy clusters and galaxies. Aims: We analyse the perturbation wave modes of the primordial medium at and before recombination, consisting of a fully ionized baryonic plasma, a strong black body

Nadine Wetta, Jean-Christophe Pain

In the Ziman-Evans formulation, the electrical resistivity involves several quantities like the plasma mean ionization and chemical potential, the electron-ion scattering cross-section, the ion-ion structure factor, and the derivative of the Fermi distribution with respect to electron energy. Therefore, in order to make significant progress while comparing d

Qi-Da Li, Hai-Feng Wang, Yang-Ping Luo, Qing Li

We present a catalog of 948,216 stars with mass label and a catalog of 163,105 red clump (RC) stars with mass and age labels simultaneously. The training dataset is cross matched from the LAMOST (The Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopic Telescope) DR5 and high resolution asteroseismology data, mass and age are predicted by random forest method or

Juan Afanador

Epidemiological modelling is critiqued towards a scientific practice of negativity in the context of Scotland's Centre of Expertise on Animal Disease Outbreaks (EPIC). The paratactical approach to the melancholy science is invoked to problematise One Health, the intra-pandemic modelling culture, and to delineate an inkling of the negative in EPIC's work.

Giandomenico Palumbo

In this paper, we present a new theoretical scenario in which both dynamical Dirac fermions and Einstein's gravity with a positive cosmological constant and torsion emerge via a spontaneous symmetry breaking in a topological phase. This phase does not contain any local propagating degrees of freedom and is described by a metric-independent fermionic gauge th

Ferdian Jovan, Ryan McConville, Catherine Morgan, Emma Tonkin

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a slowly progressive debilitating neurodegenerative disease which is prominently characterised by motor symptoms. Indoor localisation, including number and speed of room to room transitions, provides a proxy outcome which represents mobility and could be used as a digital biomarker to quantify how mobility changes as this disease

Suparna Seshadri, Hsuan-Hao Lu, Daniel E. Leaird, Andrew M. Weiner

We report the experimental generation of all four frequency-bin Bell states in a single versatile setup via successive pumping of spontaneous parametric downconversion with single and dual spectral lines. Our scheme utilizes intensity modulation to control the pump configuration and offers turn-key generation of any desired Bell state using only off-the-shel

Rodrigo Eyheralde

We study Hawking radiation on a Vaidya space-time with a gravitational collapse followed by evaporation. The collapsing body is a null thin-shell and the evaporation is induced by a negative energy collapsing null-shell. This mimics the back-reaction to the Hawking radiation. Using Hawking's original method of Bogoliubov transformations we characterize the r

Paul-Gerhard Reinhard, Witek Nazarewicz

Shape deformations and charge radii, basic properties of atomic nuclei, are influenced by both the global features of the nuclear force and the nucleonic shell structure. As functions of proton and neutron number, both quantities show regular patterns and, for nuclei away from magic numbers, they change very smoothly from nucleus to nucleus. In this paper, w

Sebastian Stock, Fabian Vu, Atif Mashkoor, Michael Leuschel

This report discusses the foundations of the VO approach. Then, it explores multiple directions and argues about structure and applications.

Donald M. Davis

Let E=BP<n> denote the Johnson-Wilson spectrum, localized at p. It is proved that if E_*(X) is locally finite, then there is an isomorphism of right E_*-modules E^*(X) = (E_*(Sigma^{D+n+1}X))^V, where D=Sum |v_i| and M^V=Hom(M,Q/Z) is the Pontryagin dual. This result was motivated by work of the author and W.S.Wilson regarding the 2-local ku-homology and -co

Ory Schnitzer

In this Series, we study the weakly nonlinear dynamics of chemically active particles near the threshold for spontaneous motion. In this part, we focus on steady solutions and develop an `adjoint method' for deriving the nonlinear amplitude equation governing the particle's velocity, first assuming the canonical model in the literature of an isotropic chemic

Gaurav Maheshwari, Pascal Denis, Mikaela Keller, Aurélien Bellet

Encoded text representations often capture sensitive attributes about individuals (e.g., race or gender), which raise privacy concerns and can make downstream models unfair to certain groups. In this work, we propose FEDERATE, an approach that combines ideas from differential privacy and adversarial training to learn private text representations which also i

Petr Mandrik

In this article we probe resonant associated production of a Standard Model Higgs boson with new heavy scalar resonant in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV. The Higgs boson and new scalar resonant are required to decay into a pair of bottom quarks and a pair of top quarks, respectively. Semileptonic decay of top quarks i

Kirill Shmilovich, Devin Willmott, Ivan Batalov, Mordechai Kornbluth

Leveraging ab initio data at scale has enabled the development of machine learning models capable of extremely accurate and fast molecular property prediction. A central paradigm of many previous works focuses on generating predictions for only a fixed set of properties. Recent lines of research instead aim to explicitly learn the electronic structure via mo

Eleni Batziou, Martin Bichler, Maximilian Fichtl

This paper studies markets where a set of indivisible items is sold to bidders with quasilinear, unit-demand valuations, subject to a hard budget constraint. Without financial constraints the well-known assignment market model of Shapley and Shubik (1971) allows for a simple ascending auction format that is incentive-compatible, and strongly Pareto-optimal.

Chainarong Amornbunchornvej, Navaporn Surasvadi, Anon Plangprasopchok, Suttipong Thajchayapong

Poverty is one of the fundamental issues that mankind faces. To solve poverty issues, one needs to know how severe the issue is. The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) is a well-known approach that is used to measure a degree of poverty issues in a given area. To compute MPI, it requires information of MPI indicators, which are \textbf{binary variables} co

Kabir Ahuja, Shanu Kumar, Sandipan Dandapat, Monojit Choudhury

Massively Multilingual Transformer based Language Models have been observed to be surprisingly effective on zero-shot transfer across languages, though the performance varies from language to language depending on the pivot language(s) used for fine-tuning. In this work, we build upon some of the existing techniques for predicting the zero-shot performance o

Kosuke Imai, Santiago Olivella, Evan T. R. Rosenman

Prediction of individual's race and ethnicity plays an important role in social science and public health research. Examples include studies of racial disparity in health and voting. Recently, Bayesian Improved Surname Geocoding (BISG), which uses Bayes' rule to combine information from Census surname files with the geocoding of an individual's residence, ha

Nina Hammer, Frank Kammer, Johannes Meintrup

We present a novel space-efficient graph coarsening technique for $n$-vertex planar graphs $G$, called cloud partition, which partitions the vertices $V(G)$ into disjoint sets $C$ of size $O(\log n)$ such that each $C$ induces a connected subgraph of $G$. Using this partition $P$ we construct a so-called structure-maintaining minor $F$ of $G$ via specific co

Pascale Gourdeau, Varun Kanade, Marta Kwiatkowska, James Worrell

A fundamental problem in adversarial machine learning is to quantify how much training data is needed in the presence of evasion attacks. In this paper we address this issue within the framework of PAC learning, focusing on the class of decision lists. Given that distributional assumptions are essential in the adversarial setting, we work with probability di

Yong Dai, Duyu Tang, Liangxin Liu, Minghuan Tan

People perceive the world with multiple senses (e.g., through hearing sounds, reading words and seeing objects). However, most existing AI systems only process an individual modality. This paper presents an approach that excels at handling multiple modalities of information with a single model. In our "{SkillNet}" model, different parts of the parameters are

Julien du Crest, Mehdi Mhalla, Valentin Savin

We propose a post-processing method for message-passing (MP) decoding of CSS quantum LDPC codes, called stabilizer-inactivation (SI). It relies on inactivating a set of qubits, supporting a check in the dual code, and then running the MP decoding again. This allows MP decoding to converge outside the inactivated set of qubits, while the error on these is det

Yu-Dong Zhang, Wen-Long Sang, Hong-Fei Zhang

In this work, we study the exclusive decay of $\Upsilon$ into $J/\psi$ in association with $\eta_c$ ($\chi_{c0,1,2}$). The decay widths for different helicity configurations are evaluated up to QCD next-to-leading order within the nonrelativistic QCD framework. We find that the QCD corrections notably mitigate the renormalization scale dependence of the deca

Hui-Yi Yang, Tian-Yu Ye

In this paper, we propose a novel secure multi-party quantum summation protocol based on quantum Fourier transform, where the traveling particles are transmitted in a tree-type mode. The party who prepares the initial quantum states is assumed to be semi-honest, which means that she may misbehave on her own but will not conspire with anyone. The proposed pro

Moshe Cohen, Adam M. Lowrance

Experimental work suggests that the Seifert genus of a knot grows linearly with respect to the crossing number of the knot. In this article, we use a billiard table model for $2$-bridge or rational knots to show that the average genus of a $2$-bridge knot with crossing number $c$ asymptotically approaches $c/4+1/12$.

Axel Naumann, Philippe Canal, Enric Tejedor, Enrico Guiraud

ROOT is high energy physics' software for storing and mining data in a statistically sound way, to publish results with scientific graphics. It is evolving since 25 years, now providing the storage format for more than one exabyte of data; virtually all high energy physics experiments use ROOT. With another significant increase in the amount of data to be ha

Nathan Green

We define two pairings relating the A-motive with the dual A-motive of an abelian Anderson A-module. We show that specializations of these pairings give the exponential and logarithm functions of this Anderson A-module, and we use these specializations to give precise formulas for the coefficients of the exponential and logarithm functions. We then use this

Manikandan Ravikiran, Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi

This paper investigates the effectiveness of sentence-level transformers for zero-shot offensive span identification on a code-mixed Tamil dataset. More specifically, we evaluate rationale extraction methods of Local Interpretable Model Agnostic Explanations (LIME) \cite{DBLP:conf/kdd/Ribeiro0G16} and Integrated Gradients (IG) \cite{DBLP:conf/icml/Sundararaj

Manikandan Ravikiran, Bharathi Raja Chakravarthi, Anand Kumar Madasamy, Sangeetha Sivanesan

Offensive content moderation is vital in social media platforms to support healthy online discussions. However, their prevalence in codemixed Dravidian languages is limited to classifying whole comments without identifying part of it contributing to offensiveness. Such limitation is primarily due to the lack of annotated data for offensive spans. Accordingly

Kwing Hei Li, Pedro Porto Buarque de Gusmão, Daniel J. Beutel, Nicholas D. Lane

Federated Learning (FL) allows parties to learn a shared prediction model by delegating the training computation to clients and aggregating all the separately trained models on the server. To prevent private information being inferred from local models, Secure Aggregation (SA) protocols are used to ensure that the server is unable to inspect individual train

Arash Tavakoli, Nathan Lai, Vahid Balali, Arsalan Heydarian

Understanding and mitigating drivers' negative emotions, stress levels, and anxiety is of high importance for decreasing accident rates, and enhancing road safety. While detecting drivers' stress and negative emotions can significantly help with this goal, understanding what might be associated with increases in drivers' negative emotions and high stress lev

Riccardo Argurio, Alessio Caddeo

We investigate a holographic realization in Type-IIB string theory of pure Chern-Simons theories, and focus on the level/rank dualities that they enjoy. The level/rank duality is established between the boundary theory, engineered utilizing D3-branes compactified on a $S^1$, and the theory on probe D7-branes located at a specific bulk location. Paying attent

Jiska Classen, Alexander Heinrich, Robert Reith, Matthias Hollick

When an iPhone is turned off, most wireless chips stay on. For instance, upon user-initiated shutdown, the iPhone remains locatable via the Find My network. If the battery runs low, the iPhone shuts down automatically and enters a power reserve mode. Yet, users can still access credit cards, student passes, and other items in their Wallet. We analyze how App

Huina Meng, Xilei Wu, Xin Wang, Yuhan Fan

We present MaskReminder, an automatic mask-wearing status estimation system based on smartwatches, to remind users who may be exposed to the COVID-19 virus transmission scenarios, to wear a mask. MaskReminder with the powerful MLP-Mixer deep learning model can effectively learn long-short range information from the inertial measurement unit readings, and can

L. M. Pismen

Specific features of two-dimensional nematodynamics give rise to shortfalls of the tensor representation of the nematic order parameter commonly used in computations, especially in theory of active matter. The alternative representation in terms of the vector order parameter follows with small adjustments the classical director-based theory, but is applicabl

Iou-Jen Liu, Xingdi Yuan, Marc-Alexandre Côté, Pierre-Yves Oudeyer

To solve difficult tasks, humans ask questions to acquire knowledge from external sources. In contrast, classical reinforcement learning agents lack such an ability and often resort to exploratory behavior. This is exacerbated as few present-day environments support querying for knowledge. In order to study how agents can be taught to query external knowledg

Xin Wang, Xilei Wu, Huina Meng, Yuhan Fan

Social distancing is an efficient public health practice during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, people would violate the social distancing practice unconsciously when they conduct some social activities such as handshaking, hugging, kissing on the face or forehead, etc. In this paper, we present SoDA, a social distancing practice violation alert system based

Andrea Skolik, Michele Cattelan, Sheir Yarkoni, Thomas Bäck

Variational quantum algorithms are the leading candidate for advantage on near-term quantum hardware. When training a parametrized quantum circuit in this setting to solve a specific problem, the choice of ansatz is one of the most important factors that determines the trainability and performance of the algorithm. In quantum machine learning (QML), however,

A. Muraviev, A. Bashinov

Upcoming multipetawatt laser facilities are capable of inducing effects of quantum electrodynamics (QED) in laser-plasma interaction such as strong radiation reaction and QED cascades, both of which can significantly influence the properties and dynamics of laser plasma. This can result in the formation of extreme plasma structures with unprecedented TG leve

Aroon Narayanan

I study a game of strategic exploration with private payoffs and public actions in a Bayesian bandit setting. In particular, I look at cascade equilibria, in which agents switch over time from the risky action to the riskless action only when they become sufficiently pessimistic. I show that these equilibria exist under some conditions and establish their sa

Francoise Combes

Recent molecular line observations with ALMA in several nearby Seyferts have revealed the existence of molecular tori, and the nature of gas flows at 10-20~pc scale. At 100~pc scale, or kpc-scale, previous NOEMA work on gravitational torques had shown that only about one third of Seyfert galaxies experienced molecular inflow and central fueling, while in mos

Alexander Grigor'yan, Effie Papageorgiou, Hong-Wei Zhang

We show that, on a complete, connected and non-compact Riemannian manifold of non-negative Ricci curvature, the solution to the heat equation with $L^{1}$ initial data behaves asymptotically as the mass times the heat kernel. In contrast to the previously known results in negatively curved contexts, the radiality assumption on the initial data is not require

Fabian Hebestreit, Andrea Lachmann, Wolfgang Steimle

We provide a fairly self-contained account of the localisation and cofinality theorems for the algebraic $\mathrm{K}$-theory of stable $\infty$-categories. It is based on a general formula for the evaluation of an additive functor on a Verdier quotient closely following work of Waldhausen. We also include a new proof of the additivity theorem of $\mathrm{K}$

Henrik Bengtsson

The switch process alternates independently between 1 and -1, with the first switch to 1 occurring at the origin. The expected value function of this process is defined uniquely by the distribution of switching times. The relation between the two is implicitly described through the Laplace transform, which is difficult to use for determining if a given funct

René Haas, Stella Graßhof, Sami S. Brandt

In this paper, we use a tensor model based on the Higher-Order Singular Value Decomposition (HOSVD) to discover semantic directions in Generative Adversarial Networks. This is achieved by first embedding a structured facial expression database into the latent space using the e4e encoder. Specifically, we discover directions in latent space corresponding to t

Hongze Liu, Jie Li, Shijing Yuan, Wenqi Cao

Hierarchical Federated Learning (HFL) is introduced as a promising technique that allows model owners to fully exploit computational resources and bandwidth resources to train the global model. However, due to the high training cost, a single model owner may not be able to deploy HFL. To address this issue, we develop a smart contract based trust crowdfundin

Alexander Grigor'yan, Satoshi Ishiwata, Laurent Saloff-Coste

We obtain optimal estimates of the Poincar\'e constant of central balls on manifolds with finitely many ends. Surprisingly enough, the Poincar\'e constant is determined by the second largest end. The proof is based on the argument by Kusuoka-Stroock where the heat kernel estimates on the central balls play an essential role. For this purpose, we extend earli

Xinyin Li, Yun Shang

Sampling from the stationary distribution is one of the fundamental tasks of Markov chain-based algorithms and has important applications in machine learning, combinatorial optimization and network science. For the quantum case, qsampling from Markov chains can be constructed as preparing quantum states with amplitudes arbitrarily close to the square root of

Stratos Pateloudis, Georg Bergner, Norbert Bodendorfer, Masanori Hanada

We test a conjecture by Maldacena and Milekhin for the ungauged version of the Berenstein-Maldacena-Nastase (BMN) matrix model by lattice Monte Carlo simulation. The numerical results reproduce the perturbative and gravity results in the limit of large and small flux parameter, respectively, and are consistent with the conjecture.

Todd Wareham, Ronald de Haan

Given the complexity of modern software systems, it is of great importance that such systems be able to autonomously modify themselves, i.e., self-adapt, with minimal human supervision. It is critical that this adaptation both results in reliable systems and scales reasonably in required memory and runtime to non-trivial systems. In this paper, we apply comp

Ruth Jacobs

The LUXE experiment (LASER Und XFEL Experiment) is a new experiment in planning at DESY Hamburg using the electron beam of the European XFEL. LUXE is intended to study collisions between a high-intensity optical laser and 16.5 GeV electrons from the XFEL electron beam, as well as collisions between the optical LASER and high-energy secondary photons. The phy

Zujun Fu

Transformer, an attention-based encoder-decoder architecture, has not only revolutionized the field of natural language processing (NLP), but has also done some pioneering work in the field of computer vision (CV). Compared to convolutional neural networks (CNNs), the Vision Transformer (ViT) relies on excellent modeling capabilities to achieve very good per

Ke-Sheng Huang, Wei Liu, Yue-Long Shen, Fu-Sheng Yu

In this work we calculate the transition form factors of $\Lambda_b$ decaying into proton and $N^*(1535)$ ($J^P={1/2}^+$ and ${1/2}^-$ respectively), within the framework of light-cone sum rules with the distribution amplitudes (DAs) of $\Lambda_b$-baryon. In the hadronic representation of the correlation function, we have isolated both the proton and the $N

Theodoros Papanikolaou, Charalampos Tzerefos, Spyros Basilakos, Emmanuel N. Saridakis

Primordial black hole (PBH) fluctuations can induce a stochastic gravitational wave background at second order, and since this procedure is sensitive to the underlying gravitational theory it can be used as a novel tool to test general relativity and extract constraints on possible modified gravity deviations. We apply this formalism in the framework of $f(T

Vincent Estrade, Michel Daudon, Emmanuel Richard, Jean-Christophe Bernhard

The collection and the analysis of kidney stone morphological criteria are essential for an aetiological diagnosis of stone disease. However, in-situ LASER-based fragmentation of urinary stones, which is now the most established chirurgical intervention, may destroy the morphology of the targeted stone. In the current study, we assess the performance and add

Armin Rahmani

Nonequilibrium quantum dynamics can give rise to the emergence of novel steady states. We propose a scheme for driving an initially uncorrelated thermal state to generate customized correlation functions by determining and reverse engineering the steady-state two-point functions for a class of Markov processes. We also extend the formalism to the calculation

Wojciech Ozga, Rasha Faqeh, Do Le Quoc, Franz Gregor

High-assurance security systems require strong isolation from the untrusted world to protect the security-sensitive or privacy-sensitive data they process. Existing regulations impose that such systems must execute in a trustworthy operating system (OS) to ensure they are not collocated with untrusted software that might negatively impact their availability

Gareth O. Roberts, Jeffrey S. Rosenthal

This paper considers the challenge of designing football group draw mechanisms which have the uniform distribution over all valid draw assignments, but are also entertaining, practical, and transparent. We explain how to simulate the FIFA Sequential Draw method, to compute the non-uniformity of its draws by comparison to a uniform Rejection Sampler. We then

Uisub Shin, Cong Ding, Bingzhao Zhu, Yashwanth Vyza

Closed-loop neural interfaces with on-chip machine learning can detect and suppress disease symptoms in neurological disorders or restore lost functions in paralyzed patients. While high-density neural recording can provide rich neural activity information for accurate disease-state detection, existing systems have low channel counts and poor scalability, wh

Joachim Falck Brodin, Per Arne Rikvold, Marcel Moura, Renaud Toussaint

We present experiments and theory describing the transition from viscosity-stabilized flow to gravitationally unstable fingering for two-phase flow in a 3D synthetic porous medium. Observation is made possible by the use of our newly developed table-top 3D-scanner based on optical index matching and laser-induced fluorescence, which is described in detail. I

M. Matys, S. V. Bulanov, M. Kucharik, M. Jirka

In this work, we investigate the application of the plasma shutters for heavy ion acceleration driven by a high-intensity laser pulse. We use particle-in-cell (PIC) and hydrodynamic simulations. The laser pulse, transmitted through the opaque shutter, gains a steep-rising front and its peak intensity is locally increased at the cost of losing part of its ene

Simon M. S. Lo, Ralf A. Wilke

A typical situation in competing risks analysis is that the researcher is only interested in a subset of risks. This paper considers a depending competing risks model with the distribution of one risk being a parametric or semi-parametric model, while the model for the other risks being unknown. Identifiability is shown for popular classes of parametric mode

Olivier Perdereau, Réza Ansari, Albert Stebbins, Peter T. Timbie

We present the science case for surveys with the Tianlai dish array interferometer tuned to the $\left[ 1300, 1400 \right] \mathrm{MHz}$ frequency range. Starting from a realistic generation of mock visibility data according to the survey strategy, we reconstruct a map of the sky and perform a foreground subtraction. We show that a survey of the North Celest

Tianxiang Dai, Philipp Jeitner, Haya Shulman, Michael Waidner

We perform the first analysis of methodologies for launching DNS cache poisoning: manipulation at the IP layer, hijack of the inter-domain routing and probing open ports via side channels. We evaluate these methodologies against DNS resolvers in the Internet and compare them with respect to effectiveness, applicability and stealth. Our study shows that DNS c

Anders Irbäck, Lucas Knuthson, Sandipan Mohanty, Carsten Peterson

Quantum annealing is a promising approach for obtaining good approximate solutions to difficult optimization problems. Folding a protein sequence into its minimum-energy structure represents such a problem. For testing new algorithms and technologies for this task, the minimal lattice-based HP model is well suited, as it represents a considerable challenge d

Le Qiao, Nicholas Ilow, Maxime Ignacio, Gary W. Slater

We propose a practical empirical fitting function to characterize the non-Gaussian displacement distribution functions (DispD) often observed for heterogeneous diffusion problems. We first test this fitting function with the problem of a colloidal particle diffusing between two walls using Langevin Dynamics (LD) simulations of a raspberry particle coupled to

R. Datta, D. R. Russell, T. Clayson, J. P. Chittenden

We present a technique to measure the time-resolved velocity and ion sound speed in magnetized, supersonic high-energy-density plasmas. We place an inductive (`b-dot') probe in a supersonic pulsed-power-driven plasma flow and measure the magnetic field advected by the plasma. As the magnetic Reynolds number is large ($R_M > 10$), the plasma flow advects a ma

Youn Seok Lee, Kimia Mohammadi, Thomas Jennewein

We present a practical apparatus for characterizing optical aberrations of large collimation mirrors and lenses, and give a detailed analysis of wavefront-detection errors. We utilize a scanning pentaprism technique for precise measurements of local wavefront slopes, and reconstruct transmitted wavefronts via a conventional least-squares method. Our proof-of

Rashid V. Williams-García, Stam Nicolis

Simplified models are a necessary steppingstone for understanding collective neural network dynamics, in particular the transitions between different kinds of behavior, whose universality can be captured by such models, without prejudice. One such model, the cortical branching model (CBM), has previously been used to characterize part of the universal behavi

P. A. González, Eleftherios Papantonopoulos, Ángel Rincón, Yerko Vásquez

In this work we consider a Generalized Bronnikov-Ellis wormhole and the tideless Morris-Thorne wormhole and we study the propagation of massive scalar fields. We calculate the quasinormal frequencies using the WKB method and the pseudospectal Chebyshev method and we show the presence of an anomalous decay rate for the quasinormal modes in the Generalized Bro

Enrico Peretti

Winds are ubiquitous in galaxies and often feature bubble structures. These wind bubbles are characterized by an external forward shock expanding in the surrounding medium and a wind termination shock separating the cool and fast wind from the hot shocked wind. While the forward shock could not be able to accelerate particles efficiently for a long time, at

Albert F. Rigosi Linsey K. Rodenbach, Alireza R. Panna, Shamith U. Payagala, Ilan T. Rosen

Since 2017, epitaxial graphene has been the base material for the US national standard for resistance. A future avenue of research within electrical metrology is to remove the need for strong magnetic fields, as is currently the case for devices exhibiting the quantum Hall effect. The quantum Hall effect is just one of many research endeavours that revolve a

Matteo Baggioli, Sebastian Grieninger, Sašo Grozdanov, Zhenkang Lu

Univalent functions are complex, analytic (holomorphic) and injective functions that have been widely discussed in complex analysis. It was recently proposed that the stringent constraints that univalence imposes on the growth of functions combined with sufficient analyticity conditions could be used to derive rigorous lower and upper bounds on hydrodynamic

Ye Qiu, ShiHao Rao, Chuan Li, Cheng Fang

The H{\alpha} line is an important optical line in solar observations containing the information from the photosphere to the chromosphere. To study the mechanisms of solar eruptions and the plasma dynamics in the lower atmosphere, the Chinese H{\alpha} Solar Explorer (CHASE) was launched into a Sun-synchronous orbit on October 14, 2021. The scientific payloa

Roberta Bianchini, Thierry Paul

Preservation of the angle of reflection when an internal gravity wave hits a sloping boundary generates a focusing mechanism if the angle between the direction of propagation of the incident wave and the horizontal is close to the slope inclination (near-critical reflection). This paper provides an explicit description of the leading approximation of the uni

Neha Sangwan, Varun Narayanan, Vinod M. Prabhakaran

We study communication with consensus over a broadcast channel - the receivers reliably decode the sender's message when the sender is honest, and their decoder outputs agree even if the sender acts maliciously. We characterize the broadcast channels which permit this byzantine consensus and determine their capacity. We show that communication with consensus

Ulugbek Salaev, Elmurod Kuriyozov, Carlos Gómez-Rodríguez

Semantic relatedness between words is one of the core concepts in natural language processing, thus making semantic evaluation an important task. In this paper, we present a semantic model evaluation dataset: SimRelUz - a collection of similarity and relatedness scores of word pairs for the low-resource Uzbek language. The dataset consists of more than a tho

Rylee Alanza Lyman

One version of Whitehead's famous cut vertex lemma says that if an element of a free group is part of a free basis, then a certain graph associated to its conjugacy class that we call the star graph is either disconnected or has a cut vertex. We state and prove a version of this lemma for conjugacy classes of elements and convex-cocompact subgroups of groups

M D Reid, P D Drummond

We show how measurement and nonlocality can be explained consistently with macroscopic realism and no-signaling, and causal relations for macroscopic quantities. Considering measurement of a field amplitude $\hat{x}$, we derive theorems that lead to an equivalence between a quantum phase-space probability distribution Q(x,p,t) and stochastic trajectories for

Omar Fawzi, Nicolas Flammarion, Aurélien Garivier, Aadil Oufkir

What advantage do \emph{sequential} procedures provide over batch algorithms for testing properties of unknown distributions? Focusing on the problem of testing whether two distributions $\mathcal{D}_1$ and $\mathcal{D}_2$ on $\{1,\dots, n\}$ are equal or $\epsilon$-far, we give several answers to this question. We show that for a small alphabet size $n$, th

Peng Fu, Kohei Kishida, Neil J. Ross, Peter Selinger

It is well-known that the category of presheaf functors is complete and cocomplete, and that the Yoneda embedding into the presheaf category preserves products. However, the Yoneda embedding does not preserve coproducts. It is perhaps less well-known that if we restrict the codomain of the Yoneda embedding to the full subcategory of limit-preserving functors

Takayuki Nagata, Keigo Yamada, Taku Nonomura, Kumi Nakai

The present paper proposes a data-driven sensor selection method for a high-dimensional nondynamical system with strongly correlated measurement noise. The proposed method is based on proximal optimization and determines sensor locations by minimizing the trace of the inverse of the Fisher information matrix under a block-sparsity hard constraint. The propos

Kexin Li, Mandar Chitre

Acoustic propagation models are widely used in numerous oceanic and other underwater applications. Most conventional models are approximate solutions of the acoustic wave equation, and require accurate environmental knowledge to be available beforehand. Environmental parameters may not always be easily or accurately measurable. While data-driven techniques m

Sukannya Bhattacharya, Ivonne Zavala

Large turns in multifield inflation can lead to a very rich phenomenology, but are difficult to realise in supergravity, and typically require large field space curvatures. In this work, we present a mechanism to realise multiple sharp turns, and therefore strong non-geodesic trajectories, from transient violations of slow-roll without the requirement of lar

Tomas Hlavacek, Philipp Jeitner, Donika Mirdita, Haya Shulman

We demonstrate the first downgrade attacks against RPKI. The key design property in RPKI that allows our attacks is the tradeoff between connectivity and security: when networks cannot retrieve RPKI information from publication points, they make routing decisions in BGP without validating RPKI. We exploit this tradeoff to develop attacks that prevent the ret

Hongjiang Lei, Chen Zhu, Ki-Hong Park, Imran Shafique Ansari

In this paper, we analyze the outage performance of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)-enabled downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) communication systems with the semi-grant-free (SGF) transmission scheme. A UAV provides coverage services for a grant-based (GB) user and one user is allowed to utilize the same channel resource opportunistically. The hy