May 2022 arXiv papers — page 139

Budmonde Duinkharjav, Praneeth Chakravarthula, Rachel Brown, Anjul Patney

We aim to ask and answer an essential question "how quickly do we react after observing a displayed visual target?" To this end, we present psychophysical studies that characterize the remarkable disconnect between human saccadic behaviors and spatial visual acuity. Building on the results of our studies, we develop a perceptual model to predict temp

S. Miraboutalebi, F. Ahmadi, A. Jahangiri

In the framework of the relativistic generalized uncertainty principle (RGUP), we study the nonlinear Klein-Gordon field with $ϕ^4$ self-interaction. This generalization comes from the quantum gravity theories that predict the existence of a minimal measurable length scale. The quantum gravity effects slightly modify the momentum and change the Lagrangian de

Yifan Zhang, Hao Wu, Xiaodong Yang, Ye-Xin Wang

Robust and high-fidelity control of electron spins in solids is the cornerstone for facilitating applications of solid-state spins in quantum information processing and quantum sensing. However, precise control of spin systems is always challenging due to the presence of a variety of noises originating from the environment and control fields. Herein, noise-r

Rebeka Man, Xiaoou Pan, Kean Ming Tan, Wen-Xin Zhou

Penalized quantile regression (QR) is widely used for studying the relationship between a response variable and a set of predictors under data heterogeneity in high-dimensional settings. Compared to penalized least squares, scalable algorithms for fitting penalized QR are lacking due to the non-differentiable piecewise linear loss function. To overcome the l

Ming Zhang, Jie Jiang

In this paper, we investigate the generalized covariant entropy bound in the theory where the Einstein gravity is perturbed by the higher-order Lovelock terms. After replacing the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy with the Jacobson-Myers entropy and introducing two reasonable physical assumptions, we showed that the corresponding generalized covariant entropy bound

Yang Cai, Jaime Llorca, Antonia M. Tulino, Andreas F. Molisch

We are entering a rapidly unfolding future driven by the delivery of real-time computation services, such as industrial automation and augmented reality, collectively referred to as AgI services, over highly distributed cloud/edge computing networks. The interaction intensive nature of AgI services is accelerating the need for networking solutions that provi

Yaqiong Zhao, Wei Xu, Xiaohu You, Ning Wang

To reap the promised gain achieved by distributed reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RISs)-enhanced communications in a wireless network, timing synchronization among these metasurfaces is an essential prerequisite in practice. This paper proposes a unified framework for the joint estimation of the unknown timing offsets and the RIS channel parameters, as

Joshua Meyers, David I. Spivak, Ryan Wisnesky

We show how computation of left Kan extensions can be reduced to computation of free models of cartesian (finite-limit) theories. We discuss how the standard and parallel chase compute weakly free models of regular theories and free models of cartesian theories, and compare the concept of "free model" with a similar concept from database theory known

Keisuke Yazawa, Andriy Zakutayev, Geoff L. Brennecka

We present a thermodynamic analysis of the recently discovered nitride ferroelectric materials using the classic Landau-Devonshire approach. The electrostrictive and dielectric stiffness coefficients of Al1-xScxN with wurtzite structure (6mm) are determined using a free energy density function assuming a hexagonal parent phase (6/mmm), with the first order p

B. Quici, R. J. Turner, N. Seymour, N. Hurley-Walker

Quantifying the energetics and lifetimes of remnant radio-loud active galactic nuclei (AGNs) is much more challenging than for active sources due to the added complexity of accurately determining the time since the central black hole switched off. Independent spectral modelling of remnant lobes enables the derivation of the remnant ratio, $R_\mathrm{rem}$, (

Oshada Jayasinghe, Sahan Hemachandra, Damith Anhettigama, Shenali Kariyawasam

Recent work done on traffic sign and traffic light detection focus on improving detection accuracy in complex scenarios, yet many fail to deliver real-time performance, specifically with limited computational resources. In this work, we propose a simple deep learning based end-to-end detection framework, which effectively tackles challenges inherent to traff

Tian-Yu Ye

Two fault tolerant authenticated quantum dialogue (AQD) protocols are proposed in this paper by employing logical Bell states as the quantum resource, which combat the collective-dephasing noise and the collective-rotation noise, respectively. The two proposed protocols each can accomplish the mutual identity authentication and the dialogue between two parti

A. H. Nzokem

The paper examines the Fractional Fourier Transform (FRFT) based technique as a tool for obtaining the probability density function and its derivatives, and mainly for fitting stochastic model with the fundamental probabilistic relationships of infinite divisibility. The probability density functions are computed, and the distributional proprieties are revie

Zhangjin Huang, Yuxin Wen, Zihao Wang, Jinjuan Ren

Reconstruction of a continuous surface of two-dimensional manifold from its raw, discrete point cloud observation is a long-standing problem. The problem is technically ill-posed, and becomes more difficult considering that various sensing imperfections would appear in the point clouds obtained by practical depth scanning. In literature, a rich set of method

Y. D. Guan, C. H. Yan, S. H. Lee, X. Gui

The tuning of magnetic phase, chemical potential, and structure is crucial to observe diverse exotic topological quantum states in $MnBi_2Te_4(Bi_2Te_3)_m$ (m = 0, 1, 2, & 3). Here we show a ferromagnetic (FM) phase with a chiral crystal structure in $Mn(Bi_{1-x}Sb_x)_4Te_7$, obtained via tuning the growth conditions and Sb concentration. Unlike previously r

Xin Li, Yan Zheng, Yiqing Hu, Haoyu Cao

Relational understanding is critical for a number of visually-rich documents (VRDs) understanding tasks. Through multi-modal pre-training, recent studies provide comprehensive contextual representations and exploit them as prior knowledge for downstream tasks. In spite of their impressive results, we observe that the widespread relational hints (e.g., relati

Juncheng Liu, Zequn Sun, Bryan Hooi, Yiwei Wang

We study dangling-aware entity alignment in knowledge graphs (KGs), which is an underexplored but important problem. As different KGs are naturally constructed by different sets of entities, a KG commonly contains some dangling entities that cannot find counterparts in other KGs. Therefore, dangling-aware entity alignment is more realistic than the conventio

H. J. Hu, W. L. Zhen, S. R. Weng, Y. D. Li

Quasi-one-dimensional (quasi-1D) materials are a newly arising topic in low-dimensional researches. As a result of reduced dimensionality and enhanced anisotropy, the quasi-1D structure gives rise to novel properties and promising applications such as photodetectors. However, it remains an open question whether performance crossover will occur when the chann

Daniela Di Donato

Recently, Le Donne and the author introduce a notion of intrinsically Lipschitz graphs in metric spaces. The idea of this paper is to investigate about the properties of the intrinsically Lipschitz constants. More precisely, we give the Leibniz formula and the product formula for the intrinsic slope.

Daniela Di Donato

In the metric spaces, we give some equivalent condition of intrinsically Lipschitz maps introduce by Franchi, Serapioni and Serra Cassano in subRiemannian Carnot groups. Unlike what happens in the Carnot groups, in our context intrinsic dilation do not exist but we can prove the same results using the Lipschitz property of the projection maps.

Yunlu Gong, Liancheng Zhou, Min Yuan, Haiyun Zhang

We analyze the quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO) of the historical light curve of FSRQs PKS 0405-385 detected by the Fermi LAT from August 2008 to November 2021. To identify and determine the QPO signal of PKS 0405-385 in the $γ$-ray light curve, we use four time series analysis techniques based on frequency and time domains, i.e., the Lomb-Scargle periodogra

Tian-Yu Ye

In this paper, two information leakage resistant quantum dialogue (QD) protocols over a collective-noise channel are proposed. Decoherence-free subspace (DFS) is used to erase the influence from two kinds of collective noise, i.e., collective-dephasing noise and collective-rotation noise, where each logical qubit is composed of two physical qubits and free f

Jie Song, Ying Chen, Jingwen Ye, Mingli Song

Knowledge distillation (KD) has become a well established paradigm for compressing deep neural networks. The typical way of conducting knowledge distillation is to train the student network under the supervision of the teacher network to harness the knowledge at one or multiple spots (i.e., layers) in the teacher network. The distillation spots, once specifi

Tian-Yu Ye

A large payload bidirectional quantum secure direct communication (BQSDC) protocol without information leakage is proposed, which is based on entanglement swapping between any two GHZ states. Two remote authorized parties, Alice and Bob, can safely exchange their individual secret messages without worrying about the information leakage problem. Our protocol

Aili Shen, Xudong Han, Trevor Cohn, Timothy Baldwin

Real-world datasets often encode stereotypes and societal biases. Such biases can be implicitly captured by trained models, leading to biased predictions and exacerbating existing societal preconceptions. Existing debiasing methods, such as adversarial training and removing protected information from representations, have been shown to reduce bias. However,

Ninareh Mehrabi, Ahmad Beirami, Fred Morstatter, Aram Galstyan

Warning: this paper contains content that maybe offensive or upsetting. Recent research in Natural Language Processing (NLP) has advanced the development of various toxicity detection models with the intention of identifying and mitigating toxic language from existing systems. Despite the abundance of research in this area, less attention has been given to a

Julia Gordon, with appendix by Matthew Koster

This note provides an informal introduction, with examples, to some technical aspects of the re-normalization of measures on orbital integrals used in the work of Langlands, Frenkel-Langlands-Ngô, and Altug on Beyond Endoscopy. In particular, we survey different relevant measures on algebraic tori and explain the connection with the Tamagawa numbers. We work

Johannes Himmelreich, Désirée Lim

This chapter argues for a structural injustice approach to the governance of AI. Structural injustice has an analytical and an evaluative component. The analytical component consists of structural explanations that are well-known in the social sciences. The evaluative component is a theory of justice. Structural injustice is a powerful conceptual tool that a

Jner Tzern Oon, Jiashen Tang, Connor A. Hart, Kevin S. Olsson

Nitrogen-vacancy (NV) spin ensembles in diamond provide an advanced magnetic sensing platform, with applications in both the physical and life sciences. The development of isotopically engineered $^{15}$NV diamond offers advantages over naturally occurring $^{14}$NV for magnetometry, due to its simpler hyperfine structure. However, for sensing modalities req

Mohit Agarwal, Assimina A. Pelegri

A novel finite element method (FEM) is developed to study mechanical response of axons embedded in extra cellular matrix (ECM) when subjected to harmonic uniaxial stretch under purely non-affine kinematic boundary conditions. The proposed modeling approach combines hyper-elastic (such as Ogden model) and time/frequency domain viscoelastic constitutive models

Yunfeng Xiong, Yong Zhang, Sihong Shao

Numerical resolution for 6-D Wigner dynamics under the Coulomb potential faces with the combined challenges of high dimensionality, nonlocality, oscillation and singularity. In particular, the extremely huge memory storage of 6-D grids hinders the usage of all existing deterministic numerical scheme, which is well-known as the curse of dimensionality. To sur

Alexander Shevlyagin, Vladimir Il'yaschenko, Aleksandr Kuchmizhak, Eugeny Mitsai

Textured silicon surface structures, in particular black silicon (b-Si), open up possibilities for Si-based solar cells and photodetectors to be extremely thin and highly sensitive owing to perfect light-trapping and anti-reflection properties. However, near-infrared (NIR) performance of bare b-Si is limited by Si band gap of 1.12 eV or 1100 nm. This work re

Jae-Myoung Kim

In this paper, we investigate the 3D inhomogeneous Navier-Stokes flows with vacuum, and obtain regularity criteria and Liouville type theorems in the Lorentz space if a smooth solution $(ρ, \mathbf{u})$ satisfies suitable conditions.

Praneeth Narayanamurthy, Urbashi Mitra

Active, non-parametric peak detection is considered. As a use case, active source localization is examined and an uncertainty-based sampling scheme algorithm to effectively localize the peak from a few energy measurements is designed. It is shown that under very mild conditions, the source localization error with $m$ actively chosen energy measurements scale

Mark B. Villarino

Legendre published the first attempted proof of the law of Quadratic Reciprocity. But, in its final form (1797), it had a gap. Some 125 years later Herman Teege published the first rigorous proof of the unproven hypothesis which formed that gap. Then, 48 years later Kenneth Rogers published a second (but implicit) proof. These proofs lifted Legendre's at

Yan Shen, Zhanghexuan Ji, Chunwei Ma, Mingchen Gao

Object tracking is one of the fundamental problems in visual recognition tasks and has achieved significant improvements in recent years. The achievements often come with the price of enormous hardware consumption and expensive labor effort for consecutive labeling. A missing ingredient for robust tracking is achieving performance with minimal modification o

Suyeon Choi, Manu Gopakumar, Yifan, Peng

Holographic near-eye displays offer unprecedented capabilities for virtual and augmented reality systems, including perceptually important focus cues. Although artificial intelligence--driven algorithms for computer-generated holography (CGH) have recently made much progress in improving the image quality and synthesis efficiency of holograms, these algorith

Pieter Belmans, Sergey Galkin, Swarnava Mukhopadhyay

We propose a conjectural semiorthogonal decomposition for the derived category of the moduli space of stable rank 2 bundles with fixed determinant of odd degree, independently formulated by Narasimhan. We discuss some evidence for, and furthermore propose semiorthogonal decompositions with additional structure. We also discuss two other decompositions. One i

Barack W. Wanjawa, Lilian D. A. Wanzare, Florence Indede, Owen McOnyango

The need for Question Answering datasets in low resource languages is the motivation of this research, leading to the development of Kencorpus Swahili Question Answering Dataset, KenSwQuAD. This dataset is annotated from raw story texts of Swahili low resource language, which is a predominantly spoken in Eastern African and in other parts of the world. Quest

Jen-Chieh Peng, Gordon Baym

The inverse tritium beta decay (ITBD) reaction, $ν_e + ^3$H $\to e^- + ^3$He, is a promising experimental tool for observing relic neutrinos created in the early Universe. This reaction has been selected by the PTOLEMY experiment for the search of relic neutrinos. Despite its potential, the ITBD reaction induced by any sources of neutrinos has yet to be obse

Kaique Matias de Andrade Roberto, Ana Luiza Tenório

In this paper we study categorical properties of the category of abelian hypergroups that leads to the notion of hyper (almost) preadditive and hyper (almost) abelian categories. Our goal is to create a path towards a general theory of homological algebra for hyper-algebras. This is a first attempt to achieve this goal. We hope to improve the definitions and

Samia Shafique, Bailey Kong, Shu Kong, Charless C. Fowlkes

Shoe tread impressions are one of the most common types of evidence left at crime scenes. However, the utility of such evidence is limited by the lack of databases of footwear prints that cover the large and growing number of distinct shoe models. Moreover, the database is preferred to contain the 3D shape, or depth, of shoe-tread photos so as to allow for e

Xiang Chen, Ningyu Zhang, Lei Li, Shumin Deng

Multimodal Knowledge Graphs (MKGs), which organize visual-text factual knowledge, have recently been successfully applied to tasks such as information retrieval, question answering, and recommendation system. Since most MKGs are far from complete, extensive knowledge graph completion studies have been proposed focusing on the multimodal entity, relation extr

Takashi J. Moriya, Sung-Chul Yoon

Mass loss of massive helium stars is not well understood even though it plays an essential role in determining their remnant neutron-star or black-hole masses as well as ejecta mass of Type Ibc supernovae. Radio emission from Type Ibc supernovae is strongly affected by circumstellar matter properties formed by mass loss of their massive helium star progenito

Xiang Chen, Lei Li, Ningyu Zhang, Chuanqi Tan

Pre-trained language models have contributed significantly to relation extraction by demonstrating remarkable few-shot learning abilities. However, prompt tuning methods for relation extraction may still fail to generalize to those rare or hard patterns. Note that the previous parametric learning paradigm can be viewed as memorization regarding training data

David T. Nguyen

In this paper, we confirm a smoothed version of a recent conjecture on the variance of the k-fold divisor function in arithmetic progressions to individual composite moduli, in a restricted range. In contrast to a previous result of Rodgers and Soundararajan, we do not require averaging over the moduli. Our proof adapts a technique of S. Lester who treated i

Mayank Golhar, Taylor L. Bobrow, Saowanee Ngamruengphong, Nicholas J. Durr

A major challenge in applying deep learning to medical imaging is the paucity of annotated data. This study demonstrates that synthetic colonoscopy images generated by Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) inversion can be used as training data to improve the lesion classification performance of deep learning models. This approach inverts pairs of images with

Philip Hackney, Viktoriya Ozornova, Emily Riehl, Martina Rovelli

The inclusion of 1-categories into $(\infty,1)$-categories fails to preserve colimits in general, and pushouts in particular. In this note, we observe that if one functor in a span of categories belongs to a certain previously-identified class of functors, then the 1-categorical pushout is preserved under this inclusion. Dwyer maps, a kind of neighborhood de

Sergey V. Filippov, Anatoly G. Kolosko, Eugeni O. Popov, Richard G. Forbes

This paper presents a new methodology for making comparisons between the theory of field electron emission (FE) and experiment, and is intended as a "demonstration of concept". This methodology is based on the value of the exponent kappa that describes the power to which voltage is raised in the pre-exponential of a mathematical equation that describ

Pu Gao, Calum MacRury, Pawel Pralat

The semi-random graph process is a single player game in which the player is initially presented an empty graph on $n$ vertices. In each round, a vertex $u$ is presented to the player independently and uniformly at random. The player then adaptively selects a vertex $v$, and adds the edge $uv$ to the graph. For a fixed monotone graph property, the objective

Alexander Chernyavsky, Sergey Dyachenko

In the present work we compute numerical solutions of an integro-differential equation for traveling waves on the boundary of a $2$D blob of an ideal fluid in the presence of surface tension. We find that solutions with multiple lobes tend to approach Crapper capillary waves in the limit of many lobes. Solutions with a few lobes become elongated as they beco

Peng Huang, Carter T. Butts

Despite the popular narrative that the United States is a "land of mobility," the country may have become a "rooted America" after a decades-long decline in migration rates. This article interrogates the lingering question about the social forces that limit migration, with an empirical focus on internal migration in the United States. We propose a systemic,

Bradley W. Hindman, Rekha Jain

We explore how thermal Rossby waves propagate within the gravitationally stratified atmosphere of a low-mass star with an outer convective envelope. Under the conditions of slow, rotationally constrained dynamics, we derive a local dispersion relation for atmospheric waves in a fully compressible stratified fluid. This dispersion relation describes the zonal

Chi-Ning Chou, Alexander Golovnev, Amirbehshad Shahrasbi, Madhu Sudan

We analyze the sketching approximability of constraint satisfaction problems on Boolean domains, where the constraints are balanced linear threshold functions applied to literals. In~particular, we explore the approximability of monarchy-like functions where the value of the function is determined by a weighted combination of the vote of the first variable (

Nathan Wang, Paul Tonko, Nikil Ragav, Michael Chungyoun

Artificial intelligence (AI), which enables machines to learn to perform a task by training on diverse datasets, is one of the most revolutionary developments in scientific history. Although AI and especially deep learning is relatively new, it has already had transformative impact on medicine, biology, transportation, entertainment, and beyond. As AI change

Eric A. Carlen, Haonan Zhang

Many trace inequalities can be expressed either as concavity/convexity theorems or as monotonicity theorems. A classic example is the joint convexity of the quantum relative entropy which is equivalent to the Data Processing Inequality. The latter says that quantum operations can never increase the relative entropy. The monotonicity versions often have many

Giuseppe Lingetti, Paolo Pani

Closed formulas in terms of double sums of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients are computed for the evaluation of bra-ket spherical harmonic overlap integrals of a wide class of trigonometric functions. These analytical expressions can find useful application in problems involving non-separable wave equations, e.g. general-relativistic perturbation theory, electroma

Thiem Hoang, Le Ngoc Tram, Vo Hong Minh Phan, Nguyen Chau Giang

We study the physical processes inducing the alignment of the grain axis of maximum inertia moment with the angular momentum (${\bf J}$, i.e., internal alignment) and of ${\bf J}$ with the magnetic field (i.e., external alignment) of very large grains (VLGs, of radius $a>10μ$m) using the grain alignment framework based on radiative torques (RATs) and mechani

Yan Shen, Fan Yang, Mingchen Gao, Wen Dong

The abundance of data affords researchers to pursue more powerful computational tools to learn the dynamics of complex system, such as neural networks, engineered systems and social networks. Traditional machine learning approaches capture complex system dynamics either with dynamic Bayesian networks and state space models, which is hard to scale because it

Amber A. Medina, Jennifer G. Winters, Jonathan M. Irwin, David Charbonneau

We present a study of the relationship between galactic kinematics, flare rates, chromospheric activity, and rotation periods for a volume-complete, nearly all-sky sample of 219 single stars within 15 parsecs and with masses between 0.1$-$0.3 M$_{odot}l$ observed during the primary mission of TESS. We find all stars are consistent with a common value of $α$=

Andrea Angiuli, Nils Detering, Jean-Pierre Fouque, Mathieu Lauriere

We present a new combined \textit{mean field control game} (MFCG) problem which can be interpreted as a competitive game between collaborating groups and its solution as a Nash equilibrium between groups. Players coordinate their strategies within each group. An example is a modification of the classical trader's problem. Groups of traders maximize their

David Radke, Kate Larson, Tim Brecht

For problems requiring cooperation, many multiagent systems implement solutions among either individual agents or across an entire population towards a common goal. Multiagent teams are primarily studied when in conflict; however, organizational psychology (OP) highlights the benefits of teams among human populations for learning how to coordinate and cooper

R. Pineda, W. J. Herrera

In this paper, we discuss the topological and transport properties of binary heterostructures of different topological materials. Using the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model and the method of Green's functions, we calculate and characterize the edge states of these heterostructures. We study the topological phase through an invariant calculated from the Zak pha

Rebekka Burkholz

The strong lottery ticket hypothesis has highlighted the potential for training deep neural networks by pruning, which has inspired interesting practical and theoretical insights into how neural networks can represent functions. For networks with ReLU activation functions, it has been proven that a target network with depth $L$ can be approximated by the sub

Dylan J. Altschuler

We study the critical window of the symmetric binary perceptron, or equivalently, combinatorial discrepancy. Consider the problem of finding a binary vector $\sigma$ satisfying $\|A\sigma\|_\infty \le K$, where $A$ is an $\alpha n \times n$ matrix with iid Gaussian entries. For fixed $K$, at which densities $\alpha$ is this constraint satisfaction problem (C

A. Bağcı, P. E. Hoggan

The definition for the Slater-type orbitals is generalized. Transformation between an orthonormal basis function and the Slater-type orbital with non-integer principal quantum numbers is investigated. Analytical expressions for the linear combination coefficients are derived. In order to test the accuracy of the formulas, the numerical Gram-Schmidt procedure

Ian C. Nodurft, Harry C. Shaw, Ryan T. Glasser, Brian T. Kirby

The quantum Zeno effect reveals that the continuous observation of a quantum system can result in significant alterations to its evolution. Here, we present a method for establishing polarization entanglement between two initially unentangled photons in coupled waveguides via the quantum Zeno effect. We support our analytical investigation with numerical sim

CMS Collaboration

Results are presented on a search for CP violation in the production and decay of top quark-antiquark pairs in the lepton+jets channel. The search is based on data from proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV, collected with the CMS detector, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$. Possible CP violation effects are evaluated by measuring uncor

P. D. Gujrati

We argue that Maxwell's demon is incapable of creating a nonzero temperature difference. Hence, it does not destroy equilibrium and the second law is never at risk, contrary to the claim by Maxwell and accepted by many. It is therefore remarkable that despite this, the demon paradox has been a valuable source of new ideas. We use two independent argument

Ningtao Liu, Ruoxi Gao, Jing Yuan, Calire Park

Electronic health records (EHRs) are usually highly dimensional, heterogeneous, and multimodal. Besides, the random recording of clinical variables results in high missing rates and uneven time intervals between adjacent records in the multivariate clinical time-series data extracted from EHRs. Current works using clinical time-series data for patient repres

Kuangyin Deng, Xin Li, Benedetta Flebus

One of the most fascinating and puzzling aspects of non-Hermitian systems is their spectral degeneracies, i.e., exceptional points (EPs), at which both eigenvalues and eigenvectors coalesce to form a defective state space. While coupled magnetic systems are natural hosts of EPs, the relation between the linear and nonlinear spin dynamics in the proximity of

Joaquim Dias Garcia, Guilherme Bodin, Alexandre Street

In this paper we present BilevelJuMP, a new Julia package to support bilevel optimization within the JuMP framework. The package is a Julia library that enables the user to describe both upper and lower-level optimization problems using the JuMP algebraic syntax. Due to the generality and flexibility our library inherits from JuMP's syntax, our package a

Hai-Feng Wang, Francois Hammer, Yan-Bin Yang, Jian-Ling Wang

The infall of the Sagittarius (Sgr) Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy in the Milky Way halo is an unique opportunity to understand how the different components of a dwarf galaxy could be tidally removed. In this work, we reconstruct the Sgr core morphology and kinematics on the basis of a model that has already successfully reproduced the Sgr stream. Here we use a ver

Rudy Geelen, Stephen Wright, Karen Willcox

This paper proposes a novel approach for learning a data-driven quadratic manifold from high-dimensional data, then employing this quadratic manifold to derive efficient physics-based reduced-order models. The key ingredient of the approach is a polynomial mapping between high-dimensional states and a low-dimensional embedding. This mapping consists of two p

Dominik Kreuzberger, Niklas Kühl, Sebastian Hirschl

The final goal of all industrial machine learning (ML) projects is to develop ML products and rapidly bring them into production. However, it is highly challenging to automate and operationalize ML products and thus many ML endeavors fail to deliver on their expectations. The paradigm of Machine Learning Operations (MLOps) addresses this issue. MLOps include

Dorian F. Henning, Tristan Laidlow, Stefan Leutenegger

Estimating human motion from video is an active research area due to its many potential applications. Most state-of-the-art methods predict human shape and posture estimates for individual images and do not leverage the temporal information available in video. Many "in the wild" sequences of human motion are captured by a moving camera, which adds th

Ivailo Hartarsky, Fabio Martinelli, Cristina Toninelli

The present expository article overviews recent mathematical advances on the Fredrickson--Andersen kinetically constrained spin model in two dimensions. It was introduced in physics as a toy model for recovering the glassy phenomenology in supercooled liquids close to the glass transition via dynamic constraints as opposed to static interactions.

Jingwei Ni, Zhijing Jin, Markus Freitag, Mrinmaya Sachan

Human-translated text displays distinct features from naturally written text in the same language. This phenomena, known as translationese, has been argued to confound the machine translation (MT) evaluation. Yet, we find that existing work on translationese neglects some important factors and the conclusions are mostly correlational but not causal. In this

J. P. Pridham

We develop a characterisation of non-Archimedean derived analytic geometry based on dg enhancements of dagger algebras. This allows us to formulate derived analytic moduli functors for many types of pro-\'etale sheaves, and to construct shifted symplectic structures on them by transgression using arithmetic duality theorems. In order to handle duality functo

Yang Sun, Mikhail I. Mendelev, Feng Zhang, Xun Liu

There has been a long debate on the stable phase of iron under the Earth's inner core conditions. Because of the solid-liquid coexistence at the inner core boundary, the thermodynamic stability of solid phases directly relates to their melting temperatures, which remains considerable uncertainty. In the present study, we utilized a semi-empirical potenti

Paul M. Bellan

It is proposed that the rapid observed homogeneous nucleation of ice dust in a cold, weakly-ionized plasma depends on the formation of hydroxide (OH$^-$) by fast electrons impacting water molecules. These OH$^{-}$ ions attract neutral water molecules because of the high dipole moment of the water molecules and so hydrates of the form (OH)$^{-}$(H$_{2}$O)$_{n

Gabriel Mercado-Vásquez, Denis Boyer, Satya N. Majumdar

We study the mean first passage time (MFPT) to an absorbing target of a one-dimensional Brownian particle subject to an external potential $v(x)$ in a finite domain. We focus on the cases in which the external potential is confining, of the form $v(x)=k|x-x_0|^n/n$, and where the particle's initial position coincides with $x_0$. We first consider a parti

Subir Sachdev

A colloquium style review of the connections between the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev model and strange metals without quasiparticles, and between the SYK model and the quantum properties of black holes. Along with other insights, this connection has led to an understanding of the universal form of the low energy density of states of charged black holes in asymptotical

Bang Xu

This paper is devoted to the study of Hermite operators acting on noncommutative $L_{p}$-spaces. In the first part, we establish the noncommutative maximal inequalities for Bochner-Riesz means associated with Hermite operators and then obtain the corresponding pointwise convergence theorems. In particular, we develop a noncommutative Stein\textquoteright s t

Martin Hirzel

Traditionally, computer programming has been the prerogative of professional developers using textual programming languages such as C, Java, or Python. Low-code programming promises an alternative: letting citizen developers create programs using visual abstractions, demonstrations, or natural language. While low-code programming is currently getting a lot o

Hossein Shenavar

General properties of the three-body problem in a model of modified dynamics are investigated. It is shown that the three-body problem in this model shares some characters with the similar problem in Newtonian dynamics. Moreover, the planar restricted three-body problem is solved analytically for this type of extended gravity and it is proved that under cert

Rina Tazai, Shun Matsubara, Youichi Yamakawa, Seiichiro Onari

Unconventional symmetry breaking due to nonlocal order parameters has attracted considerable attention in many strongly correlated metals. Famous examples are the nematic order in Fe-based superconductors and the star-of-David charge density order in kagome metals. Such exotic symmetry breaking in metals is a central issue of modern condensed matter physics,

Harishchandra S. Ramane, B. Parvathalu, Daneshwari Patil, K. Ashoka

The graphs with all equal negative or positive eigenvalues are special kind in the spectral graph theory. In this article, several iterated line graphs $\mathcal{L}^k(G)$ with all equal negative eigenvalues $-2$ are characterized for $k\ge 1$ and their energy consequences are presented. Also, the spectra and the energy of complement of these graphs are obtai

Christian Winter

For two posets $(P,\le_P)$ and $(P',\le_{P'})$, we say that $P'$ contains a copy of $P$ if there exists an injective function $f\colon P'\to P$ such that for every two $X,Y\in P$, $X\le_P Y$ if and only if $f(X)\le_{P'} f(Y)$. Given two posets $P$ and $Q$, let the poset Ramsey number $R(P,Q)$ be the smallest integer $N$ such that any coloring of the elements

Ido Bright, Arthur Delarue, Ilan Lobel

Marketplace companies rely heavily on experimentation when making changes to the design or operation of their platforms. The workhorse of experimentation is the randomized controlled trial (RCT), or A/B test, in which users are randomly assigned to treatment or control groups. However, marketplace interference causes the Stable Unit Treatment Value Assumptio

Marcus Marinho, Guilherme Vieira, Tobias Micklitz, Georg Schwiete

We study mesoscopic fluctuations in the supercurrent of a Josephson junction consisting of a topological insulator microbridge between two conventional superconductors. In the model, we account for the strong proximity effect when superconductors induce a gap in the spectrum of surface states as well as a magnetic field piercing the junction area that causes

Jacob B. Hass, Aileen N. Carroll-Godfrey, Eric I. Corwin, Ivan Z. Corwin

In many-particle diffusions, particles that move the furthest and fastest can play an outsized role in physical phenomena. A theoretical understanding of the behavior of such extreme particles is nascent. A classical model, in the spirit of Einstein's treatment of single-particle diffusion, has each particle taking independent homogeneous random walks. This,

Martin Larocca, Frederic Sauvage, Faris M. Sbahi, Guillaume Verdon

Quantum Machine Learning (QML) models are aimed at learning from data encoded in quantum states. Recently, it has been shown that models with little to no inductive biases (i.e., with no assumptions about the problem embedded in the model) are likely to have trainability and generalization issues, especially for large problem sizes. As such, it is fundamenta

Brendan Folie, Maxwell Hutchinson

Accurate uncertainty estimates can significantly improve the performance of iterative design of experiments, as in Sequential and Reinforcement learning. For many such problems in engineering and the physical sciences, the design task depends on multiple correlated model outputs as objectives and/or constraints. To better solve these problems, we propose a r

José Ortuño-Macías, Krzysztof Nalewajko, Dmitri A. Uzdensky, Mitchell C. Begelman

Relativistic magnetized jets, such as those from AGN, GRBs and XRBs, are susceptible to current- and pressure-driven MHD instabilities that can lead to particle acceleration and non-thermal radiation. Here we investigate the development of these instabilities through 3D kinetic simulations of cylindrically symmetric equilibria involving toroidal magnetic fie

S. Meljanac, S. Mignemi

We consider generalizations of the Snyder algebra to a curved spacetime background with de Sitter symmetry. As special cases, we obtain the algebras of the Yang model and of triply special relativity. We discuss the realizations of these algebras in terms of canonical phase space coordinates, up to fourth order in the deformation parameters. In the case of t

Rasmus N. Larsen

We present a novel strategy to strongly reduce the severity of the sign problem, using line integrals along paths of changing imaginary action. Highly oscillating regions along these paths cancel out, decreasing their contributions. As a result, sampling with standard Monte-Carlo techniques becomes possible in cases that otherwise require methods taking adva

David Berenstein, David Grabovsky, Ziyi Li

We study the Feynman propagator of free scalar fields in $AdS_3$ with a conical defect. The propagator is built by solving the bulk equation of motion, summing over the modes of the field, and taking the boundary limit. We then perform several consistency checks. In the dual CFT, the operator responsible for the defect creates a highly excited state. We cons

Gongjun Choi, Enrico D. Schiappacasse

The entropy production prior to BBN era is one of ways to prevent QCD axion with the decay constant $F_{a}\in[10^{12}{\rm GeV},10^{16}{\rm GeV}]$ from overclosing the universe when the misalignment angle is $θ_{\rm i}=\mathcal{O}(1)$. As such, it is necessarily accompanied by an early matter-dominated era (EMD) provided the entropy production is achieved via

Marco Ardu, Fiona Kirk

We extend the Standard Model gauge group by $U(1)_{L_e-L_\mu}$ and introduce two scalars, a doublet and a singlet, that are charged under this new group and have lepton flavour violating couplings. Since in this model $\mu \to e$ processes can only be mediated by $\mu\to \tau\times \tau\to e$ interactions, bounds from $\mu\to e$ transitions can be avoided wh