July 2022 arXiv papers — page 78

Selim C. Hotinli, Simone Ferraro, Gilbert P. Holder, Matthew C. Johnson

Reionization of helium is expected to occur at redshifts $z\sim3$ and have important consequences for quasar populations, galaxy formation, and the morphology of the intergalactic medium, but there is little known empirically about the process. Here we show that kinetic Sunyaev-Zeldovich (kSZ) tomography, based on the combination of CMB measurements and gala

Nicholas Kruczek, Drew M. Miles, Brian Fleming, Randall McEntaffer

Modern grating manufacturing techniques suffer from inherent issues that limit their peak efficiencies. The anisotropic etching of silicon facilitates the creation of custom gratings that have sharp and atomically smooth facets, directly addressing these issues. We describe work to fabricate and characterize etched silicon echelles optimized for the far ultr

Amelia Henkel, Francois Foucart, Geert Raaijmakers, Samaya Nissanke

Neutron star mergers have recently become a tool to study extreme gravity, nucleosynthesis, and the chemical composition of the Universe. To date, there has been one joint gravitational and electromagnetic observation of a binary neutron star merger, GW170817, as well as a solely gravitational observation, GW190425. In order to accurately identify and interp

Thomas W. -S. Holoien, Vera L. Berger, Jason T. Hinkle, L. Galbany

We present a spectroscopic analysis of 44 low-luminosity host galaxies of Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) detected by the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN), using the emission lines to measure metallicities and star formation rates. We find that although the star formation activity of our sample is representative of general galaxies, there is som

Richard Monge, Tom Delord, Nicholas Proscia, Zav Shotan

A broad effort is underway to understand and harness the interaction between superconductors and spin-active color centers with an eye on the realization of hybrid quantum devices and novel imaging modalities of superconducting materials. Most work, however, overlooks the complex interplay between either system and the environment created by the color center

Bibek Pokharel, Daniel A. Lidar

Quantum algorithms theoretically outperform classical algorithms in solving problems of increasing size, but computational errors must be kept to a minimum to realize this potential. Despite the development of increasingly capable quantum computers (QCs), an experimental demonstration of a provable algorithmic quantum speedup employing today's non-fault-tole

Rui Qian, Yeqing Li, Zheng Xu, Ming-Hsuan Yang

Utilizing vision and language models (VLMs) pre-trained on large-scale image-text pairs is becoming a promising paradigm for open-vocabulary visual recognition. In this work, we extend this paradigm by leveraging motion and audio that naturally exist in video. We present \textbf{MOV}, a simple yet effective method for \textbf{M}ultimodal \textbf{O}pen-\textb

George Stein, Uros Seljak, Vanessa Bohm, G. Aldering

We construct a physically-parameterized probabilistic autoencoder (PAE) to learn the intrinsic diversity of type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) from a sparse set of spectral time series. The PAE is a two-stage generative model, composed of an Auto-Encoder (AE) which is interpreted probabilistically after training using a Normalizing Flow (NF). We demonstrate that th

Grace E. Lawrence, Alan R. Duffy, Chris A. Blake, Philip F. Hopkins

We use high-resolution, hydrodynamic, galaxy simulations from the Latte suite of FIRE-2 simulations to investigate the inherent variation of dark matter in sub-sampled regions around the Solar Circle of a Milky Way-type analogue galaxy and its impact on direct dark matter detection. These simulations show that the baryonic backreaction, as well as the assemb

Bingjie Xu, Shunan Guo, Eunyee Koh, Jane Hoffswell

Online shopping gives customers boundless options to choose from, backed by extensive product details and customer reviews, all from the comfort of home; yet, no amount of detailed, online information can outweigh the instant gratification and hands-on understanding of a product that is provided by physical stores. However, making purchasing decisions in phy

Evan T. Smith, Ryan Lynch, D. J. Pisano

We investigate the effectiveness of the statistical radio frequency interference (RFI) mitigation technique spectral kurtosis (SK) in the face of simulated realistic RFI signals. SK estimates the kurtosis of a collection of M power values in a single channel and provides a detection metric that is able to discern between human-made RFI and incoherent astrono

Andreas S. Kronfeld, Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Thomas Blum, Norman H. Christ

Contribution from the USQCD Collaboration to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021).

G. Angloher, S. Banik, G. Benato, A. Bento

In the past decades, numerous experiments have emerged to unveil the nature of dark matter, one of the most discussed open questions in modern particle physics. Among them, the CRESST experiment, located at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, operates scintillating crystals as cryogenic phonon detectors. In this work, we present first results from the o

B. Pritychenko, B. Singh, M. Verpelli

The spin and parity ($J^{\pi}$) assignments in even-even nuclei were reviewed across the nuclear chart using the Evaluated Nuclear Structure Data File (ENSDF). The prevalence of 2$^+_1$ first or lowest excited states is confirmed. The properties of 0$^+_2$, 1$^-_1$, and 3$^-_1$ lowest excited states were reexamined using the ENSDF data evaluation procedures.

I. J. Arnquist, F. T. Avignone, A. S. Barabash, C. J. Barton

The MAJORANA DEMONSTRATOR searched for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) of $^{76}$Ge using modular arrays of high-purity Ge detectors operated in vacuum cryostats in a low-background shield. The arrays operated with up to 40.4 kg of detectors (27.2 kg enriched to $\sim$88\% in $^{76}$Ge). From these measurements, the DEMONSTRATOR has accu

I. A. Troyan, D. V. Semenok, A. G. Ivanova, A. G. Kvashnin

Over the past six years (2015-2021), many superconducting hydrides with critical temperatures $T_{C}$ up to 250 K, which are currently record highs, have been discovered. Now we can already say that a special field of superconductivity has developed. This is hydride superconductivity at ultrahigh pressures. For the most part, the properties of superhydrides

Min-Di Zheng, Feng-Zhi Chen, Hong-Hao Zhang

The recent experimental results including $R_{K^{(\ast)}}$, $R_{D^{(\ast)}}$, $(g-2)_\mu$ and $W$ mass show deviations from the standard model (SM) predictions, implying the clues of new physics (NP). In this work, we investigate the explanations of these anomalies in the $R$-parity violating minimal supersymmetric standard model (RPV-MSSM) extended with the

Shibani Santurkar, Yann Dubois, Rohan Taori, Percy Liang

The development of CLIP [Radford et al., 2021] has sparked a debate on whether language supervision can result in vision models with more transferable representations than traditional image-only methods. Our work studies this question through a carefully controlled comparison of two approaches in terms of their ability to learn representations that generaliz

Adam Coogan, Logan Morrison, Tilman Plehn, Stefano Profumo

We present a new open-source package, Hazma 2, that computes accurate spectra relevant for indirect dark matter searches for photon, neutrino, and positron production from vector-mediated dark matter annihilation and for spin-one dark matter decay. The tool bridges across the regimes of validity of two state of the art codes: Hazma 1, which provides an accur

Bianka Kovács, Gergely Palla

The arrangement of network nodes in hyperbolic spaces has become a widely studied problem, motivated by numerous results suggesting the existence of hidden metric spaces behind the structure of complex networks. Although several methods have already been developed for the hyperbolic embedding of undirected networks, approaches able to deal with directed netw

George Thomas, Jukka P. Pekola

We demonstrate a genuine quantum feature of heat: the power emitted by a qubit (quantum two-level system) into a reservoir under continuous driving shows peaks as a function of frequency $f$. These resonant features appear due to the accumulation of the dynamical phase during the driving. The position of the $n$th maximum is given by $f=f_{\rm M}/n$, where $

Sascha Caron, Roberto Ruiz de Austri, Zhongyi Zhang

Model-independent search strategies have been increasingly proposed in recent years because on the one hand there has been no clear signal for new physics and on the other hand there is a lack of a highly probable and parameter-free extension of the standard model. For these reasons, there is no simple search target so far. In this work, we try to take a new

Arnd Behring

The zero-jettiness beam functions describe collinear emissions from initial state legs and appear in the factorisation theorem for cross sections in the limit of small zero-jettiness. They are an important building block for slicing schemes for colour-singlet production at hadron colliders. We report on our ongoing calculation of this quantity at next-to-nex

Zhiruo Zhou, Hongyu Fu, Suya You, C. -C. Jay Kuo

Supervised and unsupervised deep trackers that rely on deep learning technologies are popular in recent years. Yet, they demand high computational complexity and a high memory cost. A green unsupervised single-object tracker, called GUSOT, that aims at object tracking for long videos under a resource-constrained environment is proposed in this work. Built up

Zahra Fazli, Ali Naji

We study unbiased translocation of a flexible polymer chain through a membrane pore under the influence of active noise and steric exclusion using Langevin dynamics simulations. The active noise is incorporated by introducing nonchiral and chiral active particles on one or both sides of the membrane. Translocation of the polymer into either side of the pore

Xudong Lv, Ashok Ajoy

Compressed sensing (CS) is a powerful method routinely employed to accelerate image acquisition. It is particularly suited to situations when the image under consideration is sparse but can be sampled in a basis where it is non-sparse. Here we propose an alternate CS regime in situations where the image can be sampled in two incoherent spaces simultaneously,

Zheyu Yan, Xiaobo Sharon Hu, Yiyu Shi

Computing-in-Memory (CiM) architectures based on emerging non-volatile memory (NVM) devices have demonstrated great potential for deep neural network (DNN) acceleration thanks to their high energy efficiency. However, NVM devices suffer from various non-idealities, especially device-to-device variations due to fabrication defects and cycle-to-cycle variation

Eugenia Colafranceschi, Simon Langenscheidt, Daniele Oriti

We study the holographic properties of a class of quantum geometry states characterized by a superposition of discrete geometric data, in the form of generalised tensor networks. This class specifically includes spin networks, the kinematic states of lattice gauge theory and discrete quantum gravity. We employ an algebraic, operatorial definition of holograp

Ondrej Bohdal, Da Li, Shell Xu Hu, Timothy Hospedales

We study a new highly-practical problem setting that enables resource-constrained edge devices to adapt a pre-trained model to their local data distributions. Recognizing that device's data are likely to come from multiple latent domains that include a mixture of unlabelled domain-relevant and domain-irrelevant examples, we focus on the comparatively under-s

José Gerardo Suárez-García Javier Miguel Hernández-López, Eduardo Moreno-Barbosa, Benito de Celis-Alonso

Gliomas are brain tumors composed of different highly heterogeneous histological subregions. Image analysis techniques to identify relevant tumor substructures have high potential for improving patient diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. However, due to the high heterogeneity of gliomas, the segmentation task is currently a major challenge in the field of me

Philip E. Bourne, Vivien Bonazzi, Amy Brand, Bonnie Carroll

On August 2, 2021 a group of concerned scientists and US funding agency and federal government officials met for an informal discussion to explore the value and need for a well-coordinated US Open Research Commons (ORC); an interoperable collection of data and compute resources within both the public and private sectors which are easy to use and accessible t

Nikita Drobyshev, Jenya Chelishev, Taras Khakhulin, Aleksei Ivakhnenko

In this work, we advance the neural head avatar technology to the megapixel resolution while focusing on the particularly challenging task of cross-driving synthesis, i.e., when the appearance of the driving image is substantially different from the animated source image. We propose a set of new neural architectures and training methods that can leverage bot

Dalton A R Sakthivadivel

This paper formulates a notion of high-dimensional random dynamical systems that couple to another system, like an embedding environment, in such a way that each system engages in controlled exchange with the other system. Using the adiabatic theorem and asymptotic arguments about the behaviour of systems with many degrees of freedom, we show that this sort

Razieh Rastgoo, Kourosh Kiani, Sergio Escalera

Continuous Hand Gesture Recognition (CHGR) has been extensively studied by researchers in the last few decades. Recently, one model has been presented to deal with the challenge of the boundary detection of isolated gestures in a continuous gesture video [17]. To enhance the model performance and also replace the handcrafted feature extractor in the presente

Sanjay Kapoor, Filip Sośnicki, Michał Karpiński

Time lenses have been recognized as crucial components for manipulating ultrafast optical pulses in various applications, from ultrafast spectroscopy to interfacing of optical quantum systems. However, the existing analytical model for the electro-optic time lens underutilizes its potential. Here, we introduce a tunable time aperture model for sinusoidal tim

Jassyr Salas, Frank Bautista, Germán Chaparro

The final orbital configuration of a planetary system is shaped by both its early star-disk environment and late-stage gravitational interactions. Assessing the relative importance of each of these factors is not straightforward due to the observed diversity of planetary systems compounded by observational biases. Our goal is to understand how a planetary sy

Zahari Kassabov, Maria Ubiali, Cameron Voisey

We present the MCscales approach for incorporating scale uncertainties in parton distribution functions (PDFs). The new methodology builds on the Monte Carlo sampling for propagating experimental uncertainties into the PDF space that underlies the NNPDF approach, but it extends it to the space of factorisation and renomalisation scales. A prior probability i

Andrew Critch

Deepfakes can degrade the fabric of society by limiting our ability to trust video content from leaders, authorities, and even friends. Cryptographically secure digital signatures may be used by video streaming platforms to endorse content, but these signatures are applied by the content distributor rather than the participants in the video. We introduce Wor

Johannes J. Brust, Michael A. Saunders

We propose iterative projection methods for solving square or rectangular consistent linear systems Ax = b. Existing projection methods use sketching matrices (possibly randomized) to generate a sequence of small projected subproblems, but even the smaller systems can be costly. We develop a process that appends one column to the sketching matrix each iterat

Aliaume Lopez

This paper provides a canonical construction of a Noetherian least fixed point topology. While such least fixed point are not Noetherian in general, we prove that under a mild assumption, one can use a topological minimal bad sequence argument to prove that they are. We then apply this fixed point theorem to rebuild known Noetherian topologies with a uniform

Yung-Chung Chiu, Kai-Yuan Lai, Hsueh-I Lu

Various classes of induced subgraphs are involved in the deepest results of graph theory and graph algorithms. A prominent example concerns the {\em perfection} of $G$ that the chromatic number of each induced subgraph $H$ of $G$ equals the clique number of $H$. The seminal Strong Perfect Graph Theorem confirms that the perfection of $G$ can be determined by

Jianhao Ma, Salar Fattahi

This work characterizes the effect of depth on the optimization landscape of linear regression, showing that, despite their nonconvexity, deeper models have more desirable optimization landscape. We consider a robust and over-parameterized setting, where a subset of measurements are grossly corrupted with noise and the true linear model is captured via an $N

Shuangfei Zhai, Navdeep Jaitly, Jason Ramapuram, Dan Busbridge

Transformers have gained increasing popularity in a wide range of applications, including Natural Language Processing (NLP), Computer Vision and Speech Recognition, because of their powerful representational capacity. However, harnessing this representational capacity effectively requires a large amount of data, strong regularization, or both, to mitigate ov

J. J. González-Avilés, K. Murawski, T. V. Zaqarashvili

We study the formation and evolution of jets in the solar atmosphere using numerical simulations of partially ionized plasma. The two-fluid magnetohydrodynamic equations with ion+electron and neutral hydrogen components are used in two-dimensional (2D) Cartesian geometry. Numerical simulations show that a localized nonlinear Gaussian pulse of ion and neutral

Ruiqing Mao, Jingyu Guo, Yukuan Jia, Yuxuan Sun

Vehicle-to-Everything (V2X) network has enabled collaborative perception in autonomous driving, which is a promising solution to the fundamental defect of stand-alone intelligence including blind zones and long-range perception. However, the lack of datasets has severely blocked the development of collaborative perception algorithms. In this work, we release

Ghulam Mustafa, Farruh Atamurotov, Ibrar Hussain, Sanjar Shaymatov

In this work, we observe that in the presence of the string cloud parameter $a$ and the quintessence parameter $\gamma$, with the equation of state parameter $\omega_q={-2}/{3}$ the radius of the shadow of the Schwarzschild black hole increases as compared with the pure Schwarzschild black hole case. The existence of both quintessential dark energy and cloud

Soheil Behnezhad

We study fully dynamic algorithms for maximum matching. This is a well-studied problem, known to admit several update-time/approximation trade-offs. For instance, it is known how to maintain a 1/2-approximate matching in $\log^{O(1)} n$ update time or a $2/3$-approximate matching in $O(\sqrt{n})$ update time, where $n$ is the number of vertices. It has been

Pablo San-Jose, Carlos Payá, C. M. Marcus, S. Vaitiekėnas

Full-shell nanowires are hybrid nanostructures consisting of a semiconducting core encapsulated in an epitaxial superconducting shell. When subject to an external magnetic flux, they exhibit the Little-Parks (LP) phenomenon of flux-modulated superconductivity, an effect connected to the physics of Abrikosov vortex lines in type-II superconductors. We show th

Hugh Chen, Ian C. Covert, Scott M. Lundberg, Su-In Lee

Feature attributions based on the Shapley value are popular for explaining machine learning models; however, their estimation is complex from both a theoretical and computational standpoint. We disentangle this complexity into two factors: (1)~the approach to removing feature information, and (2)~the tractable estimation strategy. These two factors provide a

Hikmet Kirmizitas, Nurettin Besli

In this study, a novel multiple-frame based image and texture independent convolutional Neural Network (CNN) noise estimator is introduced. The estimator works.

Abdelmalek Abdesselam

We consider the correlations of invariant observables for the $O(N)$ and $\mathbb{C}\mathbb{P}^{N-1}$ models at zero coupling, namely, with respect to the natural group-invariant measure. In the limit where one takes a large power of the integrand, we show that these correlations become inverse powers of the Kirchhoff polynomial. The latter therefore provide

Nicholas Hartman, Joseph M. Messana, Jian Kang, Abhijit S. Naik

Risk-adjusted quality measures are used to evaluate healthcare providers while controlling for factors beyond their control. Existing healthcare provider profiling approaches typically assume that the risk adjustment is perfect and the between-provider variation in quality measures is entirely due to the quality of care. However, in practice, even with very

Shengchao Hu, Li Chen, Penghao Wu, Hongyang Li

Many existing autonomous driving paradigms involve a multi-stage discrete pipeline of tasks. To better predict the control signals and enhance user safety, an end-to-end approach that benefits from joint spatial-temporal feature learning is desirable. While there are some pioneering works on LiDAR-based input or implicit design, in this paper we formulate th

Mary Crone Odekon, Michael G. Jones, Lucas Graham, Jessica Kelley-Derzon

We present theoretical expectations for infall toward supercluster-scale cosmological filaments, motivated by the Arecibo Pisces-Perseus Supercluster Survey (APPSS) to map the velocity field around the Pisces-Perseus Supercluster (PPS) filament. We use a minimum spanning tree applied to dark matter halos the size of galaxy clusters to identify 236 large fila

Sonia Foschiatti, Eva Sincich

We consider the inverse problem of determining an inclusion contained in a body for a Schr\"odinger type equation by means of local Cauchy data. Both the body and the inclusion are made by inhomogeneous and anisotropic materials. Under mild a priori assumptions on the unknown inclusion, we establish a logarithmic stability estimate in terms of the local Cauc

Giuseppe Stragapede, Paula Delgado-Santos, Ruben Tolosana, Ruben Vera-Rodriguez

Among user authentication methods, behavioural biometrics has proven to be effective against identity theft as well as user-friendly and unobtrusive. One of the most popular traits in the literature is keystroke dynamics due to the large deployment of computers and mobile devices in our society. This paper focuses on improving keystroke biometric systems on

Gabriele Coppi, Giulia Conenna, Sofia Savorgnano, Felipe Carrero

Cosmic Microwave Background experiments need to measure polarization properties of the incoming radiation very accurately to achieve their scientific goals. As a result of that, it is necessary to properly characterize these instruments. However, there are not natural sources that can be used for this purpose. For this reason, we developed the PROTOtype CALi

Cristian Ortiz, Fabricio Valencia

In this paper we introduce Morse Lie groupoid morphisms and study their main properties. We show that this notion is Morita invariant which gives rise to a well defined notion of Morse function on differentiable stacks. We show a groupoid version of the Morse lemma which is used to describe the topological behavior of the critical subgroupoid levels of a Mor

David Prinz

We derive and present symmetric ghost Lagrange densities for the coupling of General Relativity to Yang--Mills theories. The graviton-ghost is constructed with respect to the linearized de Donder gauge fixing condition and the gauge ghost with respect to the covariant Lorenz gauge fixing condition. Both ghost Lagrange densities together with their accompanyi

Yaqian Guo, Hui Liu, Oleg Janson, Ion Cosma Fulga

It was recently discovered that, depending on their symmetries, collinear antiferromagnets can actually break the spin degeneracy in momentum space, even in the absence of spin-orbit coupling. Such systems, recently dubbed altermagnets, are signalled by the emergence of a spin-momentum texture set mainly by the crystal and magnetic structure, relativistic ef

Hasna Bouraoui, Chadlia Jerad, Omar Romdhani, Jeronimo Castrillon

Using parallel embedded systems these days is increasing. They are getting more complex due to integrating multiple functionalities in one application or running numerous ones concurrently. This concerns a wide range of applications, including streaming applications, commonly used in embedded systems. These applications must implement adaptable and reliable

Annalena Sophie Kalteyer

Studies of open-charm hadron production in pp and \pPb collisions are performed by the ALICE Collaboration at the LHC to investigate charm-quark hadronization mechanisms. Recent measurements of charm meson (${\rm D^0}$, ${\rm D^+}$, ${\rm D^+_{\rm s}}$, and ${\rm D^{*+}}$) and baryon ($\Lambda^+_{\rm c}$, $\Xi^{0,+}_{\rm c}$, $\Sigma^{0,++}_{\rm c}$, and $\O

Lukasz Matysiak

Polynomial composites were introduced by Anderson, Anderson, and Zafrullah. In this paper we study many different algebraic properties of polynomial composites like ACCP, atomic, SR property. We study relationships between Noetherian polynomial composites certain field extensions.

Ágnes Baran, Sándor Baran

By the end of 2021, the renewable energy share of the global electricity capacity reached 38.3% and the new installations are dominated by wind and solar energy, showing global increases of 12.7% and 18.5%, respectively. However, both wind and photovoltaic energy sources are highly volatile making planning difficult for grid operators, so accurate forecasts

J. L. Goity, C. Weiss, C. T. Willemyns

We calculate the target normal single-spin asymmetry caused by two-photon exchange in inclusive electron-nucleon scattering in the resonance region. Our analysis uses the $1/N_c$ expansion of low-energy QCD and combines $N$ and $\Delta$ intermediate and final states using the contracted $SU(4)$ spin-flavor symmetry. The normal spin asymmetry obtained in lead

Trent Weiss, Madhur Behl

One of the main challenges in autonomous racing is to design algorithms for motion planning at high speed, and across complex racing courses. End-to-end trajectory synthesis has been previously proposed where the trajectory for the ego vehicle is computed based on camera images from the racecar. This is done in a supervised learning setting using behavioral

Aman Madaan, Yiming Yang

Machine learning systems typically apply the same model to both easy and tough cases. This is in stark contrast with humans, who tend to evoke either fast (instinctive) or slow (analytical) thinking depending on the problem difficulty, a property called the dual-process theory of mind. We present FLOWGEN, a graph-generation model inspired by the dual-process

Songbo Xie, Yuan-Yuan Zhao, Chao Zhang, Yun-Feng Huang

Recently a proper genuine multipartite entanglement (GME) measure has been found for three-qubit pure states [see Xie and Eberly, Phys. Rev. Lett. 127, 040403 (2021)], but capturing useful entanglement measures for mixed states has remained an open challenge. So far, it requires not only a full tomography in experiments, but also huge calculational labor. A

B. N. Khabibullin, E. G. Kudasheva, A. E. Salimova

We establish a criterion for the completeness of an exponential system in the spaces of functions continuous on a convex compact set and holomorphic in the interior of this compact set, as well as in the spaces of holomorphic functions in the convex domain in terms of the breadth of the compact set or the domain in the direction. The main results are formula

Marek Karliner, Jonathan R. Rosner

The new strange pentaquarks observed by LHCb are very likely hadronic molecules consisting of $\Xi_c \bar D$ and $\Xi_c \bar D^{*}.$ We discuss the experimental evidence supporting this conclusion, pointing out the similarities and differences with the $P_c(4312)$, $P_c(4440)$ and $P_c(4457)$ pentaquarks in the non-strange sector. The latter clearly are hadr

A. Ciamei, S. Finelli, A. Cosco, M. Inguscio

We report on the realization of a novel degenerate mixture of ultracold fermionic lithium and chromium atoms. Based on an all-optical approach, with an overall duty-cycle of about 13 seconds, we produce large and degenerate samples of more than 2$\times 10^5$ $^6$Li atoms and $10^5$ $^{53}$Cr atoms, with both species exhibiting normalized temperatures of abo

Philippa S. Cole, Adam Coogan, Bradley J. Kavanagh, Gianfranco Bertone

Future ground-based gravitational wave observatories will be ideal probes of the environments surrounding black holes with masses $1 - 10\,\mathrm{M_\odot}$. Binary black hole mergers with mass ratios of order $q=m_2/m_1\lesssim10^{-3}$ can remain in the frequency band of such detectors for months or years, enabling precision searches for modifications of th

Rimantas Lazauskas, Emiko Hiyama, Jaume Carbonell

We present a reaction model to describe the fast removal of the $\alpha$-particle core in $^8$He nucleus with eventual emission of four neutrons. The obtained four neutron energy distributions allows to explain the sharp low energy peak observed by studying the missing mass spectra of four neutrons in [Nature Vol. 606, p. 678], as a consequence of dineutron-

Jianing Han, Juliet Michell, Morgan Umstead

Van der Waals interactions are interactions between dipoles. Similarly, quadrupole-quadrupole interactions are interactions between quadrupoles. In this article, we focus on the interactions between two dipoles or two quadrupoles. Classically, we treat one Rydberg atom as a dipole; an outer excited electron and an ion core are the two poles of a dipole. Quan

Sara Summerton, Ann Tivey, Rohan Shotton, Gavin Brown

In this work, we present a novel trajectory comparison algorithm to identify abnormal vital sign trends, with the aim of improving recognition of deteriorating health. There is growing interest in continuous wearable vital sign sensors for monitoring patients remotely at home. These monitors are usually coupled to an alerting system, which is triggered when

Alessandra Zanichelli, Giampaolo Serra, Karl-Heinz Mack, Gaetano Nicotra

We present a project to implement a national common strategy for the mitigation of the steadily deteriorating Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) situation at the Italian radio telescopes. The project involves the Medicina, Noto, and Sardinia dish antennas and comprised the definition of a coordinated plan for site monitoring as well as the implementation of

Yunhao Tang, Mark Rowland, Rémi Munos, Bernardo Ávila Pires

We study the multi-step off-policy learning approach to distributional RL. Despite the apparent similarity between value-based RL and distributional RL, our study reveals intriguing and fundamental differences between the two cases in the multi-step setting. We identify a novel notion of path-dependent distributional TD error, which is indispensable for prin

Cecilia Lazzoni, Silvano Desidera, Raffaele Gratton, Alice Zurlo

Satellites around substellar companions are a heterogeneous class of objects with a variety of different formation histories. Focusing on potentially detectable satellites around exoplanets and brown dwarfs, we might expect to find objects belonging to two main populations: planet-like satellites similar to Titan or the Galileian Satellites - likely formed w

Shailaja Keyur Sampat, Maitreya Patel, Subhasish Das, Yezhou Yang

'Actions' play a vital role in how humans interact with the world and enable them to achieve desired goals. As a result, most common sense (CS) knowledge for humans revolves around actions. While 'Reasoning about Actions & Change' (RAC) has been widely studied in the Knowledge Representation community, it has recently piqued the interest of NLP and computer

G. B. Caminha, S. H. Suyu, A. Mercurio, G. Brammer

We present our lens mass model of SMACS J0723, the first strong gravitational lens observed by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). We use data from the Hubble Space Telescope and Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) to build our 'pre-JWST' lens model, and refine it with newly available JWST near-infrared imaging in our JWST model. To reproduce the pos

Robert Friedman, Radu Laza

Higher rational and higher Du Bois singularities have recently been introduced as natural generalizations of the standard definitions of rational and Du Bois singularities. In this note, we discuss these properties for isolated singularities, especially in the locally complete intersection (lci) case. First, we reprove the fact that a $k$-rational isolated s

Irena Chen, Zhenke Wu, Siobán D. Harlow, Carrie A. Karvonen-Gutierrez

Longitudinal biomarker data and cross-sectional outcomes are routinely collected in modern epidemiology studies, often with the goal of informing tailored early intervention decisions. For example, hormones such as estradiol and follicle-stimulating hormone may predict changes in womens' health during the midlife. Most existing methods focus on constructing

Ziv Epstein, Hause Lin, Gordon Pennycook, David Rand

Unlike traditional media, social media typically provides quantified metrics of how many users have engaged with each piece of content. Some have argued that the presence of these cues promotes the spread of misinformation. Here we investigate the causal effect of social cues on users' engagement with social media posts. We conducted an experiment with N=628

Lucy Xiaoyang Shi, Joseph J. Lim, Youngwoon Lee

Model-based reinforcement learning (RL) is a sample-efficient way of learning complex behaviors by leveraging a learned single-step dynamics model to plan actions in imagination. However, planning every action for long-horizon tasks is not practical, akin to a human planning out every muscle movement. Instead, humans efficiently plan with high-level skills t

Anton Petrunin

We give a condition on the curvature tensors of Riemannian manifolds that admit Lipschitz approximation by polyhedral metrics with curvature bounded below or above. We show that this condition is also sufficient for the existence of local approximations. We conjecture that it is also sufficient for the global approximations and prove it in some special cases

Abdul Rahman Shaikh, David Koop, Hamed Alhoori, Maoyuan Sun

Multiple-view visualization (MV) has been used for visual analytics in various fields (e.g., bioinformatics, cybersecurity, and intelligence analysis). Because each view encodes data from a particular perspective, analysts often use a set of views laid out in 2D space to link and synthesize information. The difficulty of this process is impacted by the spati

Christos H. Papadimitriou, Emmanouil-Vasileios Vlatakis-Gkaragkounis, Manolis Zampetakis

Kakutani's Fixed Point theorem is a fundamental theorem in topology with numerous applications in game theory and economics. Computational formulations of Kakutani exist only in special cases and are too restrictive to be useful in reductions. In this paper, we provide a general computational formulation of Kakutani's Fixed Point Theorem and we prove that it

Tony Knightley, Alex Yakovlev, Victor Pacheco-Peña

Controlling wave-matter interactions with metamaterials (MTMs) for the calculation of mathematical operations has become an important paradigm for analogue computing given their ability to dramatically increase computational processing speeds. Here, motivated by the importance of performing mathematical operations on temporal signals, we propose, design and

Mayuresh Savargaonkar, Abdallah Chehade

Artificial intelligence solutions for Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) have been developed using publicly available datasets such as Argoverse, ApolloScape, Level5, and NuScenes. One major limitation of these datasets is the absence of infrastructure and/or pooled vehicle information like lane line type, vehicle speed, traffic signs, and intersections. Such informa

The Belle Collaboration

We measure the branching fraction for the Cabibbo-suppressed decay $D^0\rightarrow K^0_S\,K^0_S\,\pi^+\pi^-$ and search for $CP$ violation via a measurement of the $CP$ asymmetry $A_{\rm CP}$ as well as the $T$-odd triple-product asymmetry $a^T_{\rm CP}$. We use 922 fb$^{-1}$ of data recorded by the Belle experiment, which ran at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $

Chengyu Wu, Yonglong Li, Li Xu, Guangyue Han

In this paper, we examine the Renyi entropy rate of stationary ergodic processes. For a special class of stationary ergodic processes, we prove that the Renyi entropy rate always exists and can be polynomially approximated by its defining sequence; moreover, using the Markov approximation method, we show that the Renyi entropy rate can be exponentially appro

Matan Atad, Vitalii Dmytrenko, Yitong Li, Xinyue Zhang

Deep learning models used in medical image analysis are prone to raising reliability concerns due to their black-box nature. To shed light on these black-box models, previous works predominantly focus on identifying the contribution of input features to the diagnosis, i.e., feature attribution. In this work, we explore counterfactual explanations to identify

Kleber Soares Camara

In this work, which was inspired by the article [2] by M. V. Velasco and A. R. Villena, we obtain a characterization for probably continuous operators and show that the probability of a linear random operator being continuous coincides with the probability of having a closed graph. Furthermore, we laid the foundations to start a new branch of mathematics, na

Andrzej Czarnecki

Probability of finding negative energy states in a hydrogen atom is decreased when the nucleus is extended. Reduced electron Compton wavelength is the characteristic size of the region around the nucleus where negative energy contributions to the wave function are sizeable.

Gerhard Wurm, Felix Jungmann, Jens Teiser

We introduce collisions of solids as a new and efficient ionization mechanism for gas in protoplanetary disks, which especially operates in the dense midplane of protoplanetary disks. This idea is sparked by laboratory experiments where we found that charge, which is exchanged by grains in mutual collision (tribocharging), is not tied to their surfaces alone

Ankit Sharma, Uttam Singisetti

In this article, the electronic band structure $\beta-(Al_xGa_{1-x})_2O_3$ alloy system is calculated with $\beta-Ga_2O_3$ as the bulk crystal. The technique of band unfolding is implemented to obtain the effective bandstructure \textit{(EBS)} for aluminium fractions varying between 12.5\% and 62.5\% with respect to the gallium atoms. A 160 atom supercell is

Pierre Rizkallah, Aurélien Grabsch, Pierre Illien, Olivier Bénichou

Single-file transport, which corresponds to the diffusion of particles that cannot overtake each other in narrow channels, is an important topic in out-of-equilibrium statistical physics. Various microscopic models of single-file systems have been considered, such as the simple exclusion process, which has reached the status of a paradigmatic model. Several

David M. Ambrose, Pavel M. Lushnikov, Michael Siegel, Denis A. Silantyev

The question of global existence versus finite-time singularity formation is considered for the generalized Constantin-Lax-Majda equation with dissipation $-\Lambda^\sigma$, where $\widehat {{\Lambda}^\sigma}=|k|^\sigma$, both for the problem on the circle $x \in [-\pi,\pi]$ and the real line. In the periodic geometry, two complementary approaches are used t

André Erpenbeck, Emanuel Gull, Guy Cohen

We present a numerically exact steady-state inchworm Monte Carlo method for nonequilibrium quantum impurity models. Rather than propagating an initial state to long times, the method is directly formulated in the steady-state. This eliminates any need to traverse the transient dynamics and grants access to a much larger range of parameter regimes at vastly r

Abednego Orobosa Isere, Abraham O. Elakhe, Cletus Ugbolo

We present methods of constructing examples of quandles of order 3n, where n is greater or equal to 3. The necessary and sufficient conditions for the constructed examples to be (i) connected (ii) group (conjugate) (iii) involutory and (iv) Alexander quandles are examined and presented. Two particular examples from these methods are presented for illustratio