October 2022 arXiv papers — page 59

Marco Gaido, Yun Tang, Ilia Kulikov, Rongqing Huang

In a sentence, certain words are critical for its semantic. Among them, named entities (NEs) are notoriously challenging for neural models. Despite their importance, their accurate handling has been neglected in speech-to-text (S2T) translation research, and recent work has shown that S2T models perform poorly for locations and notably person names, whose sp

Stephen M. Barnett, Bryan J. Dalton

The Glauber-Sudarshan P-representation is well-known within quantum optics, and is widely applied to problems involving photon statistics. Less familiar, perhaps, is its fermionic counterpart. We present a derivation of both the bosonic and fermionic distributions and, in doing so, demonstrate the reason for the existence of two distinct fermionic forms and

Joey Forsman

We introduce two closure operations on ideals in commutative rings related to the ring operation of root closure. One closure is the result of iterating a root-like operation on ideals infinitely many times, and the other closure arises as a graded component of the root closure of the Rees algebra applied to an ideal. We study the properties of these closure

Shipeng Zhong, Yuhua Qi, Zhiqiang Chen, Jin Wu

To execute collaborative tasks in unknown environments, a robotic swarm needs to establish a global reference frame and locate itself in a shared understanding of the environment. However, it faces many challenges in real-world scenarios, such as the prior information about the environment being absent and poor communication among the team members. This work

Jake A. J. Mitchell, Chris Done, Martin J. Ward, Daniel Kynoch

We use the SOUX sample of $\sim$700 AGN to form average optical-UV-X-rays SEDs on a 2D grid of $M_{\mathrm{BH}}$ and $L_{2500}$. We compare these with the predictions of a new AGN SED model, QSOSED, which includes prescriptions for both hot and warm Comptonisation regions as well as an outer standard disc. This predicts the overall SED fairly well for 7.5<lo

Willames F. Magalhães, Carlos O. A. Ribeiro Neto, Bertúlio de Lima Bernardo

The concept of non-Markovianity in open quantum systems is traditionally associated with the existence of information backflows from the environment to the system. Meanwhile, the mechanisms through which such backflows emerge are still a subject of debate. In this work, we use collision models to study memory effects in the dynamics of a qubit system in cont

Pierre Nazé

Knowing if an optimal solution is local or global has always been a hard question to answer in more sophisticated situations of optimization problems. In this work, for finite-time and weak isothermal driving processes, we show the existence of a global optimal protocol for the entropy production. We prove that by showing its convexity as a functional in the

Khawar Islam, Muhammad Zaigham Zaheer, Arif Mahmood

A novel Face Pyramid Vision Transformer (FPVT) is proposed to learn a discriminative multi-scale facial representations for face recognition and verification. In FPVT, Face Spatial Reduction Attention (FSRA) and Dimensionality Reduction (FDR) layers are employed to make the feature maps compact, thus reducing the computations. An Improved Patch Embedding (IP

Zih-Yun Chiu, Florian Richter, Michael C. Yip

Autonomous suturing has been a long-sought-after goal for surgical robotics. Outside of staged environments, accurate localization of suture needles is a critical foundation for automating various suture needle manipulation tasks in the real world. When localizing a needle held by a gripper, previous work usually tracks them separately without considering th

Ahmed Farag Ali

Einstein, Podolsky, and Rosen (EPR) proposed, via a thought experiment, that the uncertainty principle might not provide a complete description of reality. We propose that the linear generalized uncertainty principle (GUP) may resolve the EPR paradox by demonstrating vanishing uncertainty at the minimal measurable length. This may shed light on the completen

Oliver Cooley, Tuan Anh Do, Joshua Erde, Michael Missethan

The random coloured graph $G_c(n,p)$ is obtained from the Erd\H{o}s-R\'{e}nyi binomial random graph $G(n,p)$ by assigning to each edge a colour from a set of $c$ colours independently and uniformly at random. It is not hard to see that, when $c = \Theta(n)$, the order of the largest rainbow tree in this model undergoes a phase transition at the critical poin

Andrey A Popov, Adrian Sandu

Traditional data assimilation uses information obtained from the propagation of one physics-driven model and combines it with information derived from real-world observations in order to obtain a better estimate of the truth of some natural process. However, in many situations multiple simulation models that describe the same physical phenomenon are availabl

Junyuan Gao, Yongpeng Wu, Shuo Shao, Wei Yang

This paper considers the massive random access problem in MIMO quasi-static Rayleigh fading channels. Specifically, we derive achievability and converse bounds on the minimum energy-per-bit required for each active user to transmit $J$ bits with blocklength $n$ and power $P$ under a per-user probability of error (PUPE) constraint, in the cases with and witho

Nathan O. Silvano, Daniel G. Barci

We study the role of multiplicative stochastic processes in the description of the dynamics of an order parameter near a critical point. We study equilibrium, as well as, out-of-equilibrium properties. By means of a functional formalism, we built the Dynamical Renormalization Group equations for a real scalar order parameter with $Z_2$ symmetry, driven by a

Kunle Adegoke, Robert Frontczak, Taras Goy

We present some new linear, quadratic, cubic and quartic binomial Fibonacci, Lucas and Fibonacci--Lucas summation identities.

M. Zubair, Muhammad Ali Raza, Ghulam Abbas

In this article, we considered the strong field approximation of nonlinear electrodynamics black hole and constructed its rotating counterpart by applying the modified Newman-Janis algorithm. The corresponding metric function in the strong field limit of the static black hole is identified in order to study the radius of photon sphere. However, the metric fu

Haoyan Guan, Michael Spratling

Few-shot segmentation aims to segment images containing objects from previously unseen classes using only a few annotated samples. Most current methods focus on using object information extracted, with the aid of human annotations, from support images to identify the same objects in new query images. However, background information can also be useful to dist

Edward Abel, Sajid Siraj

During the COVID-19 pandemic, several countries have taken the approach of tiered restrictions which has remained a point of debate due to a lack of transparency. Using the dominance-based rough set approach, we identify patterns in the COVID-19 data pertaining to the UK government's tiered restrictions allocation system. These insights from the analysis are

Luiz Fernando Silva Eugênio dos Santos, Claus Aranha, André Ponce de Leon F de Carvalho

We apply the knowledge of urban settings established with the study of Land Use and Transport Interaction (LUTI) models to develop reward functions for an agent-based system capable of planning realistic artificial cities. The system aims to replicate in the micro scale the main components of real settlements, such as zoning and accessibility in a road netwo

J. Loreau, A. Faure, F. Lique

We present the first set of rate coefficients for the rotational excitation of the 7 lowest levels of hydrogen fluoride (HF) induced by collision with water molecules, the dominant collider in cometary comas, in the 5-150 K temperature range. The calculations are performed with a quantum statistical approach from an accurate rigid rotor ab initio interaction

Hongwei Liu, Shengwei Liu

Maximum distance separable (MDS) codes are optimal in the sense that the minimum distance cannot be improved for a given length and code size. The most prominent MDS codes are generalized Reed-Solomon (GRS) codes. The square $\mathcal{C}^{2}$ of a linear code $\mathcal{C}$ is the linear code spanned by the component-wise products of every pair of codewords i

Alexandra G. O'Neill, Emely L. Valdez, Sajan Goud Lingala, Angel R. Pineda

Purpose: Task-based assessment of image quality in undersampled magnetic resonance imaging provides a way of evaluating the impact of regularization on task performance. In this work, we evaluated the effect of total variation (TV) and wavelet regularization on human detection of signals with a varying background and validated a model observer in predicting

Marcin Semczuk, Walter Dehnen, Ralph Schoenrich, E. Athanassoula

The angular-momentum distribution of classical Cepheids in the outer Milky Way disc is bi-modal with a gap at $L_\mathrm{gap}=2950\,\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}\,\mathrm{kpc}$, corresponding to $R=13\,\mathrm{kpc}$, while no similar feature has been found in the general population of disc stars. We show that star formation in multiple spiral arm segments at

Dawid Czapla, Katarzyna Horbacz, Hanna Wojewódka-Ściążko

In this paper, we establish a version of the central limit theorem for Markov-Feller continuous time processes (with a Polish state space) that are exponentially ergodic in the bounded-Lipschitz distance and enjoy a continuous form of the Foster-Lyapunov condition. As an example, we verify the assumptions of our main result for a specific piecewise-determini

Will Brian

Assuming that $0^\dagger$ does not exist, we prove that if there is a partition of $\mathbb R$ into $\aleph_\omega$ Borel sets, then there is also a partition of $\mathbb R$ into $\aleph_{\omega+1}$ Borel sets.

Charles J. Colbourn, Colin Ingalls, Jonathan Jedwab, Mark Saaltink

A pair of planes, both projective or both affine, of the same order and on the same pointset are orthogoval if each line of one plane intersects each line of the other plane in at most two points. In this paper we prove new constructions for sets of mutually orthogoval planes, both projective and affine, and review known results that are equivalent to sets o

Jizu Huang

The existing discrete variational derivative method is only second-order accurate and fully implicit. In this paper, we propose a framework to construct an arbitrary high-order implicit (original) energy stable scheme and a second-order semi-implicit (modified) energy stable scheme. Combined with the Runge--Kutta process, we can build an arbitrary high-order

Cosimo Bambi

The possibility of variations of the values of fundamental constants is a phenomenon predicted by a number of scenarios beyond General Relativity. This can happen if ``our'' fundamental constants are not the actual constants of the fundamental theory and their value is instead determined, for example, by the background value of some new field or the size of

Konstantinos Bessas, Giorgio Stefani

We study a general total variation denoising model with weighted $L^1$ fidelity, where the regularizing term is a non-local variation induced by a suitable (non-integrable) kernel $K$, and the approximation term is given by the $L^1$ norm with respect to a non-singular measure with positively lower-bounded $L^\infty$ density. We provide a detailed analysis o

Piotr Sierant, Marco Schirò, Maciej Lewenstein, Xhek Turkeshi

The interplay between unitary dynamics and local quantum measurements results in unconventional non-unitary dynamical phases and transitions. In this paper we investigate the dynamics of $(d+1)$-dimensional hybrid stabilizer circuits, for $d=1,2,3$. We characterize the measurement-induced phases and their transitions using large-scale numerical simulations f

W. Yang, C. Li

The forward-backward asymmetry is an important measurable quantity which can enable independent determination of the neutral-current couplings of fermions. In this paper, we extend the definition of the asymmetry from the partonic level to the hadronic level by calculating this asymmetry of the hadron pair in the semi-inclusive electron position annihilation

Masoud Bahari, Song-Bo Zhang, Chang-An Li, Sang-Jun Choi

We propose helical topological superconductivity away from the Fermi surface in three-dimensional time-reversal-symmetric odd-parity multiband superconductors. In these systems, pairing between electrons originating from different bands is responsible for the corresponding topological phase transition. Consequently, a pair of helical topological Dirac surfac

Gaoshuai Wang, Fabrice Lauri, Amir Hajjam El Hassani

Feature selection plays a vital role in promoting the classifier's performance. However, current methods ineffectively distinguish the complex interaction in the selected features. To further remove these hidden negative interactions, we propose a GA-like dynamic probability (GADP) method with mutual information which has a two-layer structure. The first lay

Vinod Kumar Chauhan, Stephen Mak, Ajith Kumar Parlikad, Muhannad Alomari

Supplier selection and order allocation (SSOA) are key strategic decisions in supply chain management which greatly impact the performance of the supply chain. Although, the SSOA problem has been studied extensively but less attention paid to scalability presents a significant gap preventing adoption of SSOA algorithms by industrial practitioners. This paper

Claudio Gambino

It is known that the canonical quantization of general relativity leads to a non-renormalizable theory, which however with the modern tools of effective field theories it is possible to make well-defined at low energies. What is emerging nowadays is that recovering general relativity from the classical limit of scattering amplitudes seems more efficient than

S. Cristofaro, O. Pezzi, T. M. O'Neil, P. Veltri

An Eulerian, numerical simulation is used to model the launching of plasma waves in a non-neutral plasma that is confined in a Penning-Malmberg trap. The waves are launched by applying an oscillating potential to an electrically isolated sector at one end of the conducting cylinder that bounds the confinement region and are received by another electrically i

Reidun Renstrøm, Nils-Erik Bomark

Most physics textbooks at college and university level introduce quantum physics in a historical context. However, the textbook version of this history does not match the actual history. In this article, the first in a series of articles looking at the textbook description of the quantum history, we follow an exceptional student through her endeavors to unde

Alexandre Hippert-Ferrer, Florent Bouchard, Ammar Mian, Titouan Vayer

Graphical models and factor analysis are well-established tools in multivariate statistics. While these models can be both linked to structures exhibited by covariance and precision matrices, they are generally not jointly leveraged within graph learning processes. This paper therefore addresses this issue by proposing a flexible algorithmic framework for gr

Mani L. Bhaumik

The persistent debate about the reality of a quantum state has recently come under limelight because of its importance to quantum information and the quantum computing community. Almost all of the deliberations are taking place using the elegant and powerful but abstract Hilbert space formalism of quantum mechanics developed with seminal contributions from J

Beatrice Portelli, Simone Scaboro, Enrico Santus, Hooman Sedghamiz

Medical term normalization consists in mapping a piece of text to a large number of output classes. Given the small size of the annotated datasets and the extremely long tail distribution of the concepts, it is of utmost importance to develop models that are capable to generalize to scarce or unseen concepts. An important attribute of most target ontologies

Rabin Dulal, Lihong Zheng, Muhammad Ashad Kabir, Shawn McGrath

You Only Look Once (YOLO) is a single-stage object detection model popular for real-time object detection, accuracy, and speed. This paper investigates the YOLOv5 model to identify cattle in the yards. The current solution to cattle identification includes radio-frequency identification (RFID) tags. The problem occurs when the RFID tag is lost or damaged. A

Steven Charlton, Herbert Gangl, Danylo Radchenko, Daniil Rudenko

We prove the surjectivity part of Goncharov's depth conjecture. We also show that the depth conjecture implies that multiple polylogarithms of depth $d$ and weight $n$ can be expressed via a single function $\mathrm{Li}_{n-d+1,1,\dots,1}(a_1,a_2,\dots,a_d)$, and we prove this latter statement for $d=2$.

Youenn Le Gal, Xhek Turkeshi, Marco Schirò

We consider the dynamics of the non-Hermitian Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model arising as the no-click limit of a continuously monitored free fermion chain where particles and holes are measured on two sublattices. The model has $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry, which we show to spontaneously break as a function of the strength of measurement backaction, resulting in a spe

Bojko Bakalov, Jason Elsinger, Victor G. Kac, Ivan Todorov

To a positive-definite even lattice $Q$, one can associate the lattice vertex algebra $V_Q$, and any automorphism $\sigma$ of $Q$ lifts to an automorphism of $V_Q$. In this paper, we investigate the orbifold vertex algebra $V_Q^\sigma$, which consists of the elements of $V_Q$ fixed under $\sigma$, in the case when $\sigma$ has prime order. We describe explic

Rocco D'Agostino, Rafael C. Nunes

In this work, we explore how modified gravity theories based on the non-metricity scalar, known as $f(Q)$ gravity, affect the propagation of gravitational waves from inspiraling of binary systems. We discuss forecast constraints on $f(Q)$ gravity by considering standard siren events in two contexts: i) simulated sources of gravitational waves as black hole -

Sebastian Bruch, Siyu Gai, Amir Ingber

We study hybrid search in text retrieval where lexical and semantic search are fused together with the intuition that the two are complementary in how they model relevance. In particular, we examine fusion by a convex combination (CC) of lexical and semantic scores, as well as the Reciprocal Rank Fusion (RRF) method, and identify their advantages and potenti

Yuechen Wang, Wengang Zhou, Houqiang Li

Temporal language grounding (TLG) aims to localize a video segment in an untrimmed video based on a natural language description. To alleviate the expensive cost of manual annotations for temporal boundary labels, we are dedicated to the weakly supervised setting, where only video-level descriptions are provided for training. Most of the existing weakly supe

Rami Ezzine, Moritz Wiese, Christian Deppe, Holger Boche

We investigate the problem of message transmission and the problem of common randomness (CR) generation over single-user multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) slow fading channels with average input power constraint, additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN), arbitrary state distribution and with complete channel state information available at the receiver side (

Debasish Saha, Manoj Mandal, Sabyasachi Pal

We study different timing and spectral properties of the new Galactic X-ray transient Swift J1728.9-3613 using NICER and Swift, discovered by the Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) on the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory. The source went through multiple transitions to different spectral states during the outburst, and the complete evolution created a q-shaped track

Elton Pan, Christopher Karpovich, Elsa Olivetti

A major obstacle to the realization of novel inorganic materials with desirable properties is the inability to perform efficient optimization across both materials properties and synthesis of those materials. In this work, we propose a reinforcement learning (RL) approach to inverse inorganic materials design, which can identify promising compounds with spec

Mara E. Pelayo-Baldárrago, Aurora Sicilia-Aguilar, Min Fang, Veronica Roccatagliata

We investigate the star formation history of the IC1396 region by studying its kinematics and completing the population census. We use multiwavelength data, combining optical spectroscopy (to identify and classify new members), near-infrared photometry (to trace shocks, jets, and outflows and the interactions between the cluster members and the cloud), along

Dongsheng Chen, Chaofan Tao, Lu Hou, Lifeng Shang

Recent large-scale video-language pre-trained models have shown appealing performance on various downstream tasks. However, the pre-training process is computationally expensive due to the requirement of millions of video-text pairs and the redundant data structure of each video. To mitigate these problems, we propose LiteVL, which adapts a pre-trained image

Šarūnas Barauskas, Roberto Ripamonti, Emanuele Ragnoli

The crypto ecosystem has evolved into a formidable channel for raising venture capital. Each new wave of capital inflows has been epitomized by a new type of investment vehicle, may it be ICOs, DAOs, or NFTs. Regrettably, none of these paradigms tried to address the issue of investor protection, a pillar of efficient capital markets. Moreover, very few proje

Shange Fu, Qin Wang, Jiangshan Yu, Shiping Chen

Algorithmic stablecoins (AS) are one special type of stablecoins that are not backed by any asset (equiv. without collateral). They stand to revolutionize the way a sovereign fiat operates. As implemented, these coins are poorly stabilized in most cases, easily deviating from the price target or even falling into a catastrophic collapse (a.k.a. Death spiral)

Holger Gies, Kevin K. K. Tam, Jobst Ziebell

We explore the fixed-point structure of QED-like theories upon the inclusion of a Pauli spin-field coupling. We concentrate on the fate of UV-stable fixed points recently discovered in $d=4$ spacetime dimensions upon generalizations to lower as well as higher dimensions for an arbitrary number of fermion flavors $N_\mathrm{f}$. As an overall trend, we observ

Yali Shao, Ran Wang, Axel Weiss, Jeff Wagg

We present ALMA sub-kpc- to kpc-scale resolution observations of the [CII], CO(9-8), and OH$^{+}$\,($1_{1}$--$0_{1}$) lines along with their dust continuum emission toward the FIR luminous quasar SDSS J231038.88+185519.7 at $z = 6.0031$. The [CII] brightness follows a flat distribution with a Sersic index of 0.59. The CO(9-8) line and the dust continuum can

Maxence Noble, Valentin De Bortoli, Alain Durmus

In this paper, we propose Barrier Hamiltonian Monte Carlo (BHMC), a version of the HMC algorithm which aims at sampling from a Gibbs distribution $\pi$ on a manifold $\mathrm{M}$, endowed with a Hessian metric $\mathfrak{g}$ derived from a self-concordant barrier. Our method relies on Hamiltonian dynamics which comprises $\mathfrak{g}$. Therefore, it incorpo

Hansheng Xue, Vaibhav Rajan, Yu Lin

Understanding genetic variation, e.g., through mutations, in organisms is crucial to unravel their effects on the environment and human health. A fundamental characterization can be obtained by solving the haplotype assembly problem, which yields the variation across multiple copies of chromosomes. Variations among fast evolving viruses that lead to differen

Dora Zhao, Jerone T. A. Andrews, Alice Xiang

As computer vision systems become more widely deployed, there is increasing concern from both the research community and the public that these systems are not only reproducing but amplifying harmful social biases. The phenomenon of bias amplification, which is the focus of this work, refers to models amplifying inherent training set biases at test time. Exis

Zhi-zhong Xing

The observed pattern of lepton flavor mixing and CP violation strongly indicates the possible existence of a simple flavor symmetry in the neutrino sector -- the effective Majorana neutrino mass term keeps invariant when the three left-handed neutrino fields transform as $\nu^{}_{e \rm L} \to (\nu^{}_{e \rm L})^c$, $\nu^{}_{\mu \rm L} \to (\nu^{}_{\tau \rm L

Tianyi Li, Michele Buzzicotti, Luca Biferale, Fabio Bonaccorso

Data reconstruction of rotating turbulent snapshots is investigated utilizing data-driven tools. This problem is crucial for numerous geophysical applications and fundamental aspects, given the concurrent effects of direct and inverse energy cascades, which lead to non-Gaussian statistics at both large and small scales. Data assimilation also serves as a too

Pradeep Varadwaj, Arpita Varadwaj, Helder Marques

There are views prevalent in the noncovalent chemistry literature that i) the O atom in molecules cannot form a chalcogen bond, and ii) if formed, this bond is very weak. We have shown in this study that these views are not necessarily true since the attractive energy between the oxygen atom of some molecules and several electron rich anionic bases examined

Jacob Holm, Eva Rotenberg, Alice Ryhl

The top tree data structure is an important and fundamental tool in dynamic graph algorithms. Top trees have existed for decades, and today serve as an ingredient in many state-of-the-art algorithms for dynamic graphs. In this work, we give a new direct proof of the existence of top trees, facilitating simpler and more direct implementations of top trees, ba

Fabio Banchelli, Guillermo Oyarzun, Marta Garcia-Gasulla, Filippo Mantovani

The complexity of combustion simulations demands the latest high-performance computing tools to accelerate its time-to-solution results. A current trend on HPC systems is the utilization of CPUs with SIMD or vector extensions to exploit data parallelism. Our work proposes a strategy to improve the automatic vectorization of finite element-based scientific co

Alexandru Fikl, Daniel J. Bodony

We develop a continuous adjoint formulation and implementation for controlling the deformation of clean, neutrally buoyant droplets in Stokes flow through farfield velocity boundary conditions. The focus is on dynamics where surface tension plays an important role through the Young-Laplace law. To perform the optimization, we require access to first-order gr

Jonas Beck, Michael Deistler, Yves Bernaerts, Jakob Macke

Simulation-based Bayesian inference (SBI) can be used to estimate the parameters of complex mechanistic models given observed model outputs without requiring access to explicit likelihood evaluations. A prime example for the application of SBI in neuroscience involves estimating the parameters governing the response dynamics of Hodgkin-Huxley (HH) models fro

Zequn Lv, Ervin Győri, Zhen He, Nika Salia

Let $H$ be a graph and $p$ be an integer. The edge blow-up $H^p$ of $H$ is the graph obtained from replacing each edge in $H$ by a copy of $K_p$ where the new vertices of the cliques are all distinct. Let $C_k$ and $P_k$ denote the cycle and path of length $k$, respectively. In this paper, we find sharp upper bounds for $ex(n,K_3,C_3^3)$ and the exact value

Natalia Loukachevitch, Suresh Manandhar, Elina Baral, Igor Rozhkov

This paper describes NEREL-BIO -- an annotation scheme and corpus of PubMed abstracts in Russian and smaller number of abstracts in English. NEREL-BIO extends the general domain dataset NEREL by introducing domain-specific entity types. NEREL-BIO annotation scheme covers both general and biomedical domains making it suitable for domain transfer experiments.

Wen Lai, Alexandra Chronopoulou, Alexander Fraser

Multilingual neural machine translation models (MNMT) yield state-of-the-art performance when evaluated on data from a domain and language pair seen at training time. However, when a MNMT model is used to translate under domain shift or to a new language pair, performance drops dramatically. We consider a very challenging scenario: adapting the MNMT model bo

Victor P. Goncalves, Bruno D. Moreira, Luana Santana

Collisions with Oxygen ions at the LHC opens the possibility of investigating the description of the QCD dynamics in an unexplored regime, complementary to those performed in $pp$, $pPb$ and $PbPb$ collisions. In this paper we estimate the exclusive $\rho$ and $J/\Psi$ photoproduction in ultraperipheral $pO$ and $OO$ collisions at the Large Hadron Collider u

Jalves Nicacio, Fabio Petrillo

System architecture diagrams play an essential role in understanding system architecture. They encourage more active discussion among participants and make it easier to recall system details. However, system architecture diagrams often diverge from the software. As a result, they can interfere with the understanding and maintenance of the software. We propos

Chull Hwan Song, Jooyoung Yoon, Shunghyun Choi, Yannis Avrithis

Vision transformers have achieved remarkable progress in vision tasks such as image classification and detection. However, in instance-level image retrieval, transformers have not yet shown good performance compared to convolutional networks. We propose a number of improvements that make transformers outperform the state of the art for the first time. (1) We

Taner Esat, Xiaosheng Yang, Farhad Mustafayev, Helmut Soltner

We employ a scanning tunnelling microscope (STM) cooled to millikelvin temperatures by an adiabatic demagnetization refrigerator (ADR) to perform scanning tunnelling spectroscopy (STS) on an atomically clean surface of Al(100) in a superconducting state using normal-metal and superconducting STM tips. Varying the ADR temperatures between 30 mK and 1.2 K, we

Koby Bibas, Oren Sar Shalom, Dietmar Jannach

Automatically understanding the contents of an image is a highly relevant problem in practice. In e-commerce and social media settings, for example, a common problem is to automatically categorize user-provided pictures. Nowadays, a standard approach is to fine-tune pre-trained image models with application-specific data. Besides images, organizations howeve

Aleksi Julku, Grazia Salerno, Päivi Törmä

We consider the superfluid weight, speed of sound and excitation fraction of a flat band Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) within multiband Bogoliubov theory. The superfluid weight is calculated by introducing a phase winding and minimizing the free energy with respect to it. We find that the superfluid weight has a contribution arising from the change of the c

Ella Rabinovich, Boaz Carmeli

Prominent questions about the role of sensory vs. linguistic input in the way we acquire and use language have been extensively studied in the psycholinguistic literature. However, the relative effect of various factors in a person's overall experience on their linguistic system remains unclear. We study this question by making a step forward towards a bette

Martin Hoferichter, Gilberto Colangelo, Bai-Long Hoid, Bastian Kubis

By far the biggest contribution to hadronic vacuum polarization (HVP) arises from the two-pion channel. Its quark-mass dependence can be evaluated by combining dispersion relations with chiral perturbation theory, providing guidance on the functional form of chiral extrapolations, or even interpolations around the physical point. In addition, the approach al

Christian Bild, Dirk - André Deckert, Hartmut Ruhl

In recent work we presented an explicit and non-perturbative derivation of the classical radiation reaction force for a cut-off modelled by a special choice of tubes of finite radius around the charge trajectories. In this paper, we provide a further, simpler and so-called reduced radiation reaction model together with a systematic numerical comparison betwe

M. N. M. van Lieshout

We propose a new fully non-parametric two-step adaptive bandwidth selection method for kernel estimators of spatial point process intensity functions based on the Campbell-Mecke formula and Abramson's square root law. We present a simulation study to assess its performance relative to the Cronie-Van Lieshout global bandwidth selector and apply the technique

Yuhao Jing, Yucong Yang, Wei Yan, Songgang Cai

Beam combination with high efficiency is desirable to overcome the power limit of single electromagnetic sources, enabling long-distance optical communication and high-power laser. The efficiency of coherent beam combination is severely limited by the phase correlation between different input light beams. Here, we theoretically proposed and experimentally de

Shoutao Guo, Shaolei Zhang, Yang Feng

Simultaneous machine translation (SiMT) starts its translation before reading the whole source sentence and employs either fixed or adaptive policy to generate the target sentence. Compared to the fixed policy, the adaptive policy achieves better latency-quality tradeoffs by adopting a flexible translation policy. If the policy can evaluate rationality befor

Hadeel Saadany, Constantin Orasan, Emad Mohamed, Ashraf Tantawy

In the online world, Machine Translation (MT) systems are extensively used to translate User-Generated Text (UGT) such as reviews, tweets, and social media posts, where the main message is often the author's positive or negative attitude towards the topic of the text. However, MT systems still lack accuracy in some low-resource languages and sometimes make c

Nikolai Bolik, Caspar Groiseau, Jerry H. Clark, Gil S. Summy

We present a concrete theoretical proposal for detecting topological phase transitions in double kicked atom-optics kicked rotors with internal spin-1/2 degree of freedom. The implementation utilizes a kicked Bose-Einstein condensate evolving in one-dimensional momentum space. To reduce influence of atom loss and phase decoherence we aim to keep experimental

Riku Tataka, Alka Sharma, Tomoya Johmen, Takeshi Kumasaka

The recent advancement in two-dimensional (2D) materials-based quantum confinement has provided an opportunity to investigate and manipulate electron transport for quantum applications. However, the issues of metal/semiconductor interface effects create a hurdle to realize the artificial fabrication of the quantum dot and study the quantum transport. Here, w

Allibert L., Siebert J., Charnoz S., Jacobson S. A.

Impact-induced erosion of the Earth's early crust during accretion of terrestrial bodies can significantly modify the primordial chemical composition of the Bulk Silicate Earth (BSE, that is, the composition of the crust added to the present-day mantle). In particular, it can be particularly efficient in altering the abundances of elements having a strong af

Jan Švec, Luboš Šmídl, Josef V. Psutka, Aleš Pražák

The paper describes a novel approach to Spoken Term Detection (STD) in large spoken archives using deep LSTM networks. The work is based on the previous approach of using Siamese neural networks for STD and naturally extends it to directly localize a spoken term and estimate its relevance score. The phoneme confusion network generated by a phoneme recognizer

Sofia Qvarfort, Igor Pikovski

At the heart of quantum technology development is the control of quantum systems at the level of individual quanta. Mathematically, this is realised through the study of Hamiltonians and the use of methods to solve the dynamics of quantum systems in various regimes. Here, we present a pedagogical introduction to solving the dynamics of quantum systems by the

Jan Schütz, Alexander Martin, Sanah Laschinger, Gerhard Birkl

The coherent control of multi-partite quantum systems presents one of the central prerequisites in state-of-the-art quantum information processing. With the added benefit of inherent high-fidelity detection capability, atomic quantum systems in high-energy internal states, such as metastable noble gas atoms, promote themselves as ideal candidates for advanci

François Remy, Kris Demuynck, Thomas Demeester

This work introduces BioLORD, a new pre-training strategy for producing meaningful representations for clinical sentences and biomedical concepts. State-of-the-art methodologies operate by maximizing the similarity in representation of names referring to the same concept, and preventing collapse through contrastive learning. However, because biomedical names

Martín A. Onetto, Edgardo Carignano, Rodolfo G. Pregliasco

This article discusses the detection of inorganic gunshot residue (iGSR) particles through scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (SEM/EDS) in the discovery step. We calculated the probability that all characteristic inorganic gunshot residue particles (iGSR) go undetected and their dependence on the image pixel resolution set

Andrey Sakhovskiy, Elena Tutubalina

In this paper, we focus on the classification of tweets as sources of potential signals for adverse drug effects (ADEs) or drug reactions (ADRs). Following the intuition that text and drug structure representations are complementary, we introduce a multimodal model with two components. These components are state-of-the-art BERT-based models for language unde

Philipp M. Mutter, Guido Burkard

Noise induced decoherence is one of the main threats to large-scale quantum computation. In an attempt to assess the noise affecting a qubit we go beyond the standard steady-state solution of the transmission through a qubit-coupled cavity in input-output theory by including dynamical noise in the description of the system. We solve the quantum Langevin equa

Kilian Hersent, Philippe Mathieu, Jean-Christophe Wallet

We review the present status of gauge theories built on various quantum space-times described by noncommutative space-times. The mathematical tools and notions underlying their construction are given. Different formulations of gauge theory models on Moyal spaces as well as on quantum spaces whose coordinates form a Lie algebra are covered, with particular em

Shenglong Zhou, Lili Pan, Naihua Xiu, Geoffrey Ye Li

Sample average approximation (SAA) is a tractable approach for dealing with chance constrained programming, a challenging stochastic optimization problem. The constraint of SAA is characterized by the $0/1$ loss function which results in considerable complexities in devising numerical algorithms. Most existing methods have been devised based on reformulation

Zefeng Cai, Xiangyu Li, Binyuan Hui, Min Yang

In this paper, we propose a novel SQL guided pre-training framework STAR for context-dependent text-to-SQL parsing, which leverages contextual information to enrich natural language (NL) utterance and table schema representations for text-to-SQL conversations. Concretely, we propose two novel pre-training objectives which respectively explore the context-dep

Ahmad Bazzi, Marwa Chafii

In this paper, we study a communication-centric integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) approach, where an access point (AP) communicates with users, while a passive radar (PR) is present in the environment. We investigate the deployment of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) to enable the PR to localize a target. We derive an optimization problem

Daniel Sandner, Hamidreza Esmaielpour, Fabio del Giudice, Matthias Nuber

Semiconductor nanowires (NWs) have shown evidence of robust hot carrier effects due to their small dimensions. The relaxation dynamics of hot carriers in these nanostructures, generated by photo-absorption, are of great importance in optoelectronic devices and high efficiency solar cells, such as hot carrier solar cells. Among various III-V semiconductors, i

Jan Švec, Jan Lehečka, Luboš Šmídl

In recent years, the standard hybrid DNN-HMM speech recognizers are outperformed by the end-to-end speech recognition systems. One of the very promising approaches is the grapheme Wav2Vec 2.0 model, which uses the self-supervised pretraining approach combined with transfer learning of the fine-tuned speech recognizer. Since it lacks the pronunciation vocabul

Mohammadsaleh Nikooroo, Omid Esrafilian, Zdenek Becvar, David Gesbert

Deployment of multi-hop network of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) acting as flying base stations (FlyBSs) presents a remarkable potential to effectively enhance the performance of wireless networks. Such potential enhancement, however, relies on an efficient positioning of the FlyBSs as well as a management of resources. In this paper, we study the problem

Urška Andrenšek, Primož Ziherl, Matej Krajnc

We investigate the elasticity of unsupported epithelial monolayer and we discover that unlike a thin solid plate, which wrinkles if geometrically incompatible with the underlying substrate, the epithelium may do so even in absence of the substrate. From a cell-based model, we derive an exact elasticity theory and discover wrinkling driven by the differential