March 2023 arXiv papers — page 110

Esther Galby, Andrea Munaro, Shizhou Yang

We investigate a relaxation of the notion of treewidth-fragility, namely tree-independence-number-fragility. In particular, we obtain polynomial-time approximation schemes for independent packing problems on fractionally tree-independence-number-fragile graph classes. Our approach unifies and extends several known polynomial-time approximation schemes on see

Sam Nariman, Mehdi Yazdi

In his work on the generalization of the Reeb stability theorem, Thurston conjectured that if the fundamental group of a compact leaf $L$ in a codimension-one transversely orientable foliation is amenable and if the first cohomology group $H^1(L;\mathbb{R})$ is trivial, then $L$ has a neighborhood foliated as a product. This was later proved as a consequence

Pablo Perez Zarazaga, Gustav Eje Henter, Zofia Malisz

Whispering is a ubiquitous mode of communication that humans use daily. Despite this, whispered speech has been poorly served by existing speech technology due to a shortage of resources and processing methodology. To remedy this, this paper provides a processing framework that enables access to large and unique data of high-quality whispered speech. We obta

Sampreeti Bhattacharya, Arkaprava Roy

Oxide perovskite materials of type ABO3 have a wide range of technological applications, such as catalysts in solid oxide fuel cells and as light-absorbing materials in solar photovoltaics. These materials often exhibit differential structural and electrostatic properties through lanthanide or non-lanthanide derived A- and B- sites. Although, experimental an

Riju Pal, Buddhadeb Pal, Suchanda Mondal, Prabhat Mandal

Fe$_4$GeTe$_2$, an itinerant vdW ferromagnet (FM) having Curie temperature (T$_C$) close to room temperature ($\sim 270$ K), exhibits another transition (T$_{SR}$ $\sim$ 120 K) where the easy axis of magnetization changes from in-plane to the out-of-plane direction in addition to T$_C$. Here, we have studied the magnetotransport in a multilayer Hall bar devi

Shimon Edelman

In its pragmatic turn, the new discipline of AI ethics came to be dominated by humanity's collective fear of its creatures, as reflected in an extensive and perennially popular literary tradition. Dr. Frankenstein's monster in the novel by Mary Shelley rising against its creator; the unorthodox golem in H. Leivick's 1920 play going on a rampage; the rebellio

Amel Shamseldeen Ali Alhassan, Siyuan Zhang, Benjamin Berkels

During the last decade, automatic data analysis methods concerning different aspects of crystal analysis have been developed, e.g., unsupervised primitive unit cell extraction and automated crystal distortion and defects detection. However, an automatic, unsupervised motif extraction method is still not widely available yet. Here, we propose and demonstrate

Li Meng, Morten Goodwin, Anis Yazidi, Paal Engelstad

State representation learning aims to capture latent factors of an environment. Contrastive methods have performed better than generative models in previous state representation learning research. Although some researchers realize the connections between masked image modeling and contrastive representation learning, the effort is focused on using masks as an

Álvaro Álvarez-Domínguez, José A. R. Cembranos, Luis J. Garay, Mercedes Martín-Benito

We provide a reinterpretation of the quantum vacuum ambiguities that one encounters when studying particle creation phenomena due to an external and time-dependent agent. We propose a measurement-motivated understanding: Each way of measuring the number of created particles selects a particular vacuum. This point of view gives a clear and physical meaning to

Atrisha Sarkar, Kate Larson, Krzysztof Czarnecki

A central design problem in game theoretic analysis is the estimation of the players' utilities. In many real-world interactive situations of human decision making, including human driving, the utilities are multi-objective in nature; therefore, estimating the parameters of aggregation, i.e., mapping of multi-objective utilities to a scalar value, becomes an

Leonid Keselman, Martial Hebert

Many practitioners in robotics regularly depend on classic, hand-designed algorithms. Often the performance of these algorithms is tuned across a dataset of annotated examples which represent typical deployment conditions. Automatic tuning of these settings is traditionally known as algorithm configuration. In this work, we extend algorithm configuration to

Zezhu Zeng, Felix Wodaczek, Keyang Liu, Frederick Stein

Water absorption and dissociation processes on pristine low-index TiO$_2$ interfaces are important but poorly understood outside the well-studied anatase (101) and rutile (110). To understand these, we construct three sets of machine learning potentials that are simultaneously applicable to various TiO$_2$ surfaces, based on three density-functional-theory a

Matej Gazda, Peter Drotar, Liset Vazquez Romaguera, Samuel Kadoury

Intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) is one of the most common modalities for treating cancer patients. One of the biggest challenges is precise treatment delivery that accounts for varying motion patterns originating from free-breathing. Currently, image-guided solutions for IMRT is limited to 2D guidance due to the complexity of 3D tracking solutions. W

Agnes Beaudry, Michael Hermele, Juan Moreno, Markus Pflaum

In this paper, we present a homotopical framework for studying invertible gapped phases of matter from the point of view of infinite spin lattice systems, using the framework of algebraic quantum mechanics. We define the notion of quantum state types. These are certain lax-monoidal functors from the category of finite dimensional Hilbert spaces to the catego

R. Spencer Hallyburton, Nate Zelter, David Hunt, Kristen Angell

Leading autonomous vehicle (AV) platforms and testing infrastructures are, unfortunately, proprietary and closed-source. Thus, it is difficult to evaluate how well safety-critical AVs perform and how safe they truly are. Similarly, few platforms exist for much-needed multi-agent analysis. To provide a starting point for analysis of sensor fusion and collabor

Carlos Utrilla Guerrero, Maria Vivas Romero, Marc Dolman, Michel Dumontier

Arguments for the FAIR principles have mostly been based on appeals to values. However, the work of onboarding diverse researchers to make efficient and effective implementations of FAIR requires different appeals. In our recent effort to transform the institution into a FAIR University by 2025, here we report on the experiences of the Community of Data Driv

Debesh Jha, Nikhil Kumar Tomar, Vanshali Sharma, Ulas Bagci

Colonoscopy is considered the most effective screening test to detect colorectal cancer (CRC) and its precursor lesions, i.e., polyps. However, the procedure experiences high miss rates due to polyp heterogeneity and inter-observer dependency. Hence, several deep learning powered systems have been proposed considering the criticality of polyp detection and s

Diego S. D'Antonio, Subhrajit Bhattacharya, David Saldaña

The use of cables for aerial manipulation has shown to be a lightweight and versatile way to interact with objects. However, fastening objects using cables is still a challenge and human is required. In this work, we propose a novel way to secure objects using hitches. The hitch can be formed and morphed in midair using a team of aerial robots with cables. T

Francesco Capozzi, Ricardo Z. Ferreira, Laura Lopez-Honorez, Olga Mena

Dark matter energy injection in the early universe modifies both the ionization history and the temperature of the intergalactic medium. In this work, we improve the CMB bounds on sub-keV dark matter and extend previous bounds from Lyman-$\alpha$ observations to the same mass range, resulting in new and competitive constraints on axion-like particles (ALPs)

Syed Emad Uddin Shubha, Md. Saifur Rahman, M. R. C. Mahdy

Quantum entanglement is a unique criterion of the quantum realm and an essential tool to secure quantum communication. Ensuring high-fidelity entanglement has always been a challenging task owing to interaction with the hostile channel environment created due to quantum noise and decoherence. Though several methods have been proposed, achieving almost 100% e

Dhruba Jyoti Gogoi, Ali Övgün, M. Koussour

In this work, we have studied the quasinormal modes of a black hole in a model of the type $f(Q)=\underset{n}{\sum}a_{n}\left(Q-Q_{0}\right)^{n} $ in $f(Q)$ gravity by using a recently introduced method known as Bernstein spectral method and confirmed the validity of the method with the help of well known Pad\'e averaged higher order WKB approximation method

Ailana Fraser, Richard Schoen

We consider stable minimal surfaces of genus 1 in Euclidean space and in Riemannian manifolds. Under the condition of covering stability (all finite covers are stable) we show that a genus 1 finite total curvature minimal surface in $\mathbb R^n$ lies in an even dimensional affine subspace and is holomorphic for some constant orthogonal complex structure. Fo

Sachu Sanjayan, Andrzej S Baran, Peter Nemeth, Karen Kinemuchi

We present the list of variable stars we found in the Kepler superstamp data covering approximately 9 arcminutes from the central region of NGC 6791. We classified the variable stars based on the variability type and we established their cluster membership based on the available Gaia Early Data Release 3 astrometry, by means of the Bayesian Gaussian mixture

Marco Dall'Amico, Michela Mapelli, Stefano Torniamenti, Manuel Arca Sedda

Eccentric mergers are a signature of the dynamical formation channel of binary black holes (BBHs) in dense stellar environments and hierarchical triple systems. Here, we investigate the formation of eccentric mergers via binary-single interactions by means of $2.5\times10^{5}$ direct $\textit{N}$-body simulations. Our simulations include post-Newtonian terms

Rachael C. Amaro, Daniel Apai, Yifan Zhou, Ben W. P. Lew

With infrared flux contrasts larger than typically seen in hot Jupiter, tidally-locked white dwarf-brown dwarf binaries offer a superior opportunity to investigate atmospheric processes in irradiated atmospheres. NLTT5306 is such a system, with a M$_{BD}$ = 52 $\pm$ 3 M$_{Jup}$ brown dwarf orbiting a T$_{eff}$ = 7756 $\pm$ 35 K white dwarf with an ultra-shor

A. J. Barger, L. L. Cowie

We use JWST NIRCam observations of the massive lensing cluster field A2744 to develop a red galaxy selection of f(F444W) > 1 uJy and f(F444W)/f(F150W) > 3.5 that picks out all 9 >4.5-sigma ALMA 1.1 or 1.2 mm sources and 17 of the 19 >5-sigma SCUBA-2 850 micron sources in the covered areas. We show that by using the red galaxies as priors, we can probe deeper

Jiawei Yang, Marco Pavone, Yue Wang

Novel view synthesis with sparse inputs is a challenging problem for neural radiance fields (NeRF). Recent efforts alleviate this challenge by introducing external supervision, such as pre-trained models and extra depth signals, and by non-trivial patch-based rendering. In this paper, we present Frequency regularized NeRF (FreeNeRF), a surprisingly simple ba

Marco Majland, Patrick Ettenhuber, Nikolaj Thomas Zinner

Quantum chemistry has been identified as one of the most promising areas where quantum computing can have a tremendous impact. For current Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices, one of the best available methods to prepare approximate wave functions on quantum computers is the Adaptive Derivative-Assembled Pseudo-Trotter Ansatz Variational Quantum

Xin Cao, Debankur Das, Niklas Windbacher, Felix Ginot

Spinning objects which move through air or liquids experience a Magnus force. This effect is commonly exploited in ball sports but also of considerable importance for applications and fundamental science. Opposed to large objects where Magnus forces are strong, they are only weak at small scales and eventually vanish for overdamped micron-sized particles in

Faraz Sasani, Ramin Mousa, Ali Karkehabadi, Samin Dehbashi

Stock market forecasting has been a challenging part for many analysts and researchers. Trend analysis, statistical techniques, and movement indicators have traditionally been used to predict stock price movements, but text extraction has emerged as a promising method in recent years. The use of neural networks, especially recurrent neural networks, is abund

Vivek Pandey, Swapnil Bhowmick, Brij Mohan, Sohail

The speed limits on entanglement are defined as the maximal rate at which entanglement can be generated or degraded in a physical process. We derive the speed limits on entanglement, using the relative entropy of entanglement and trace-distance entanglement, for unitary as well as for arbitrary quantum dynamics, where we assume that the dynamics of the close

Mitre C. Dourado, Marisa Gutierrez, Fábio Protti, Silvia Tondato

A walk $u_0u_1 \ldots u_{k-1}u_k$ of a graph $G$ is a \textit{weakly toll walk} if $u_0u_k \not\in E(G)$, $u_0u_i \in E(G)$ implies $u_i = u_1$, and $u_ju_k\in E(G)$ implies $u_j=u_{k-1}$. The {\em weakly toll interval} of a set $S \subseteq V(G)$, denoted by $I(S)$, is formed by $S$ and the vertices belonging to some weakly toll walk between two vertices of

Jose H. D. Rivero, Liang Feng, Li Ge

Recently, a Dirac exceptional point (EP) was reported in a non-Hermitian system. Unlike a Dirac point in Hermitian systems, this Dirac EP has coalesced eigenstates in addition to the degenerate energy. Also different from a typical EP, the two energy levels connected at this Dirac EP remain real in its vicinity and display a linear instead of square root dis

Oleg I. Morozov

We find two Lax representations for the reduced magnetohydrodynamics equations ({\sc rmhd}) and derive a B{\"a}cklund transformation between the tangent and the cotangent coverings of these equations. Then, we study the action of the B{\"a}cklund transformation on the second-order cosymmetries and the action of its inverse on the Lie symmetries of {\sc rmhd}

Renato Mazzei, Zhi-Yun Li, Che-Yu Chen, Laura Fissel

We compare the structure of synthetic dust polarization with synthetic molecular line emission from radiative transfer calculations using a 3-dimensional, turbulent collapsing-cloud magnetohydrodynamics simulation. The histogram of relative orientations (HRO) technique and the projected Rayleigh statistic (PRS) are considered. In our trans-Alfv\'enic (more s

György Pál Gehér, Nazar Miheisi

In quantum mechanics, the well-known Loewner order expresses that one observable's expectation value is less than or equal than that of another with respect to all quantum states. In this paper we propose and study a similar order relation in terms of the variance, and we prove two theorems. Our first result states that one observable's variance is less than

Adrian Dumitru, Eric Kolbusz

Two-particle correlations in the proton on the light-front are described by a mixed density matrix obtained by tracing over all other, unobserved, degrees of freedom. We quantify genuinely quantum quark azimuthal correlations in terms of the entanglement negativity measure of Quantum Information Theory. While the two-quark state in color space is one of high

Matthew Corbett, Jiacheng Shang, Bo Ji

As Augmented Reality (AR) devices become more prevalent and commercially viable, the need for quick, efficient, and secure schemes for pairing these devices has become more pressing. Current methods to securely exchange holograms require users to send this information through large data centers, creating security and privacy concerns. Existing techniques to

Argho Sarkar, Maryam Rahnemoonfar

For glaciologists, studying ice sheets from the polar regions is critical. With the advancement of deep learning techniques, we can now extract high-level information from the ice sheet data (e.g., estimating the ice layer thickness, predicting the ice accumulation for upcoming years, etc.). However, a vision-based conversational deep learning approach has n

Zhinan Qiao, Xiaohui Yuan

Most deep learning backbones are evaluated on ImageNet. Using scenery images as an example, we conducted extensive experiments to demonstrate the widely accepted principles in network design may result in dramatic performance differences when the data is altered. Exploratory experiments are engaged to explain the underlining cause of the differences. Based o

Oswin Aichholzer, Man-Kwun Chiu, Hung P. Hoang, Michael Hoffmann

For a drawing of a labeled graph, the rotation of a vertex or crossing is the cyclic order of its incident edges, represented by the labels of their other endpoints. The extended rotation system (ERS) of the drawing is the collection of the rotations of all vertices and crossings. A drawing is simple if each pair of edges has at most one common point. Gioan'

Jill F. Lundell

Statistical learning methods have been growing in popularity in recent years. Many of these procedures have parameters that must be tuned for models to perform well. Research has been extensive in neural networks, but not for many other learning methods. We looked at the behavior of tuning parameters for support vector machines, gradient boosting machines, a

Tao Jiang, Peng Lu, Li Zhang, Ningsheng Ma

Recent studies on 2D pose estimation have achieved excellent performance on public benchmarks, yet its application in the industrial community still suffers from heavy model parameters and high latency. In order to bridge this gap, we empirically explore key factors in pose estimation including paradigm, model architecture, training strategy, and deployment,

V. V. Ryazanov

An ensemble of trajectories with dynamical activity and first-passage time (FPT) is considered in the context of the thermodynamics of trajectories. The relationship between the average FPT and the total change in entropy is determined, with a focus on non-negative values of the total change in entropy only. Similar dependencies were found for dynamic activi

Miguel Lazaro-Gredilla, Ishan Deshpande, Sivaramakrishnan Swaminathan, Meet Dave

We consider the problem of recovering a latent graph where the observations at each node are \emph{aliased}, and transitions are stochastic. Observations are gathered by an agent traversing the graph. Aliasing means that multiple nodes emit the same observation, so the agent can not know in which node it is located. The agent needs to uncover the hidden topo

Luca Cozzolino, Giada Varra, Luigi Cimorelli, Renata Della Morte

The present paper deals with the modelling of rapid transients at partially lifted sluice gates from both a mathematical and numerical perspective in the context of the Shallow water Equations (SWE). First, an improved exact solution of the dam-break problem is presented, assuming (i) the dependence of the gate contraction coefficient on the upstream flow de

Nikolaos Syrrakos

We provide analytic results for two-loop four-point master integrals with one massive propagator and one massive leg relevant to single top production. Canonical bases of master integrals are constructed and the Simplified Differential Equations approach is employed for their analytic solution. The necessary boundary terms are computed in closed form in the

Nosheen Akbar, Bushra Shafaq, Sarwat Zahra, Amna Mir

In this work, properties of charmonium, bottomonium and charmed-bottom mesons for S, P, D states are calculated with the selection of suitable trial wave functions for the non-relativistic potential model along with the incorporation of spin interactions. These trial wave functions are tested by calculating the masses of ground, radial and orbital excited st

Matthew Dicks, Andrew Paskaramoorthy, Tim Gebbie

We consider the dynamics and the interactions of multiple reinforcement learning optimal execution trading agents interacting with a reactive Agent-Based Model (ABM) of a financial market in event time. The model represents a market ecology with 3-trophic levels represented by: optimal execution learning agents, minimally intelligent liquidity takers, and fa

Andrew Pensoneault, Xueyu Zhu

Bayesian Physics Informed Neural Networks (B-PINNs) have gained significant attention for inferring physical parameters and learning the forward solutions for problems based on partial differential equations. However, the overparameterized nature of neural networks poses a computational challenge for high-dimensional posterior inference. Existing inference a

Weiguang Cao, Franz Herzog, Tom Melia, Jasper Roosmale Nepveu

We study the mixing of operators under renormalization group flow in quantum theories, and prove a non-renormalization theorem at non-linear order. It dictates zeros up to a certain number of loops in anomalous dimension tensors that control, for example, the mixing of operators at order dimension six squared into dimension eight. We obtain new results at up

Konrad Szymański

Studying the geometry of sets appearing in various problems of quantum information helps in understanding different parts of the theory. It is thus worthwhile to approach quantum mechanics from the angle of geometry -- this has already provided a multitude of interesting results. In this thesis I demonstrate results relevant to numerical ranges -- the sets o

Mauro A. P. Gonçalves, Marek Paściak, Jiří Hlinka

Typical magnetic skyrmion is a string of inverted magnetization within a ferromagnet, protected by a sleeve of a vortex-like spin texture, such that its cross-section carries a positive integer topological charge. Some magnets form antiskyrmions, the antiparticle strings which carry a negative topological charge instead. Here we demonstrate that topologicall

Arjun Bagchi, Prateksh Dhivakar, Sudipta Dutta

Carrollian Conformal Field Theories (CFTs) have been proposed as co-dimension one holographic duals to asymptotically flat spacetimes as opposed to Celestial CFTs which are co-dimension two. In this paper, drawing inspiration from Celestial holography, we show by a suitable generalisation of the flat space limit of AdS that keeps track of the previously disr

Sunil Simha, Khee-Gan Lee, J. Xavier Prochaska, Ilya S. Khrykin

The FLIMFLAM survey is collecting spectroscopic data of field galaxies near fast radio burst (FRB) sightlines to constrain key parameters describing the distribution of matter in the Universe. In this work, we leverage the survey data to determine the source of the excess extragalactic dispersion measure (DM), compared to the Macquart relation estimate of fo

Chi-Fang Chen, Andrew Lucas, Chao Yin

We review the mathematical speed limits on quantum information processing in many-body systems. After the proof of the Lieb-Robinson Theorem in 1972, the past two decades have seen substantial developments in its application to other questions, such as the simulatability of quantum systems on classical or quantum computers, the generation of entanglement, an

Justin Feng, Edgar Gasperin

The linearisation of a second-order formulation of the conformal Einstein field equations (CEFEs) in Generalised Harmonic Gauge (GHG), with trace-free matter is derived. The linearised equations are obtained for a general background and then particularised for the study linear perturbations around a flat background -- the inversion (conformal) representation

Matthew Tointon

We adapt an argument of Tao and Vu to show that if $\lambda_1\le\cdots\le\lambda_d$ are the successive minima of an origin-symmetric convex body $K$ with respect to some lattice $\Lambda<\mathbb{R}^d$, and if we set $k=\max\{j:\lambda_j\le1\}$, then $K$ contains at most $2^k(1+\frac{\lambda_k}2)^k/\lambda_1\cdots\lambda_k$ lattice points. This provides impro

Elizabeth A. Allman, Colby Long, John A. Rhodes

A model of genomic sequence evolution on a species tree should include not only a sequence substitution process, but also a coalescent process, since different sites may evolve on different gene trees due to incomplete lineage sorting. Chifman and Kubatko initiated the study of such models, leading to the development of the SVDquartets methods of species tre

Uesli Alushi, Tomás Ramos, Juan José García-Ripoll, Roberto Di Candia

Quadratic light-matter interactions are nonlinear couplings such that quantum emitters interact with photonic or phononic modes exclusively via the exchange of excitation pairs. Implementable with atomic and solid-state systems, these couplings lead to a plethora of phenomena that have been characterized in the context of cavity QED, where quantum emitters i

E. Ahrer, P. J. Wheatley, S. Gandhi, J. Kirk

We have performed low-resolution ground-based spectroscopy of HATS-46 b in transmission, using the EFOSC2 instrument on the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT). HATS-46 b is a highly-inflated exoplanet that is a prime target for transmission spectroscopy, having a Jupiter-like radius (0.95 R$_\textrm{Jup}$) but a much lower mass (0.16 M$_\textrm{Jup}$). It or

Joshua Baines, Matt Visser

Thanks to the recent advent of the event horizon telescope (EHT), we now have the opportunity to test the physical ramifications of the strong-field near-horizon regime for astrophysical black holes. Herein, emphasizing the trade-off between tractability and generality, the authors discuss a particularly powerful three-function distortion of the Kerr spaceti

Sven Bachmann, Bruno Nachtergaele, Siddharth Vadnerkar

We introduce a family of quantum spin Hamiltonians on $\mathbb{Z}^2$ that can be regarded as perturbations of Kitaev's abelian quantum double models that preserve the gauge and duality symmetries of these models. We analyze in detail the sector with one electric charge and one magnetic flux and show that the spectrum in this sector consists of both bound sta

Simon J. Mutch, Bradley Greig, Yuxiang Qin, Gregory B. Poole

The fraction of ionizing photons that escape their host galaxies to ionize hydrogen in the inter-galactic medium (IGM) is a critical parameter in analyses of the reionization era. In this paper we use the Meraxes semi-analytic galaxy formation model to infer the mean ionizing photon escape fraction and its dependence on galaxy properties through joint modell

Shahar Silberstein, Rotem Arnon

Graph states are special entangled states advantageous for many quantum technologies, including quantum error correction, multiparty quantum communication and measurement-based quantum computation. Yet, their fidelity is often disrupted by various errors, most notably qubit loss. In general, given an entangled state, Bell inequalities can be used to certify

Stephen Eales, Haley Gomez, Loretta Dunne, Simon Dye

We have measured the mass of metals in the molecular gas in 13 submillimetre galaxies at z~4 in which the gas, based on previous observations, lies in a cold rotating disk. We measured the metal masses using either the submillimetre line or continuum emission from three tracers of the overall metal content - carbon atoms, carbon monoxide molecules and dust g

Claire S. Ye, Giacomo Fragione, Rosalba Perna

Intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) are the missing link between stellar-mass and supermassive black holes, widely believed to reside in at least some dense star clusters, but not yet observed directly. Tidal disruptions of white dwarfs (WDs) are luminous only for black holes less massive than $\sim 10^5\,M_{\odot}$, therefore providing a unique smoking gu

Matthew Tyler, Hengyun Zhou, Leigh S. Martin, Nathaniel Leitao

We introduce a framework for designing Hamiltonian engineering pulse sequences that systematically accounts for the effects of higher-order contributions to the Floquet-Magnus expansion. Our techniques result in simple, intuitive decoupling rules, despite the higher-order contributions naively involving complicated, non-local-in-time commutators. We illustra

Joshua Mundinger

For $k$ a field of positive characteristic and $X$ a smooth variety over $k$, we compute the Hochschild cohomology of Grothendieck's differential operators on $X$. The answer involves the derived inverse limit of the Frobenius acting on the cohomology of the structure sheaf of $X$.

Avi Friedlander, Ningqiang Song, Aaron C. Vincent

If the temperature of the hot thermal plasma in the Early Universe was within a few orders of magnitude of the Planck scale $M_{\rm Pl}$, then the hoop conjecture predicts the formation of microscopic black holes from particle collisions in the plasma. Although these evaporated instantly, they would have left behind a relic abundance of all stable degrees of

Shafaq Gulzar Elahi, Anupam Mazumdar

Gravity's quantum nature can be probed in a laboratory by witnessing the entanglement between the two quantum systems, which cannot be possible if gravity is a classical entity. In this paper, we will provide a simple example where we can probe the effects of higher dimensions, in particular, the warped extra dimension of five-dimensional Anti-de Sitter spac

Hongwan Liu, Wenzer Qin, Gregory W. Ridgway, Tracy R. Slatyer

We calculate the post-recombination contribution to the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) spectral distortion due to general exotic energy injections, including dark matter (DM) decaying or annihilating to Standard Model particles. Upon subtracting the background distortion that would be present even without such energy injections, we find residual distortio

Sara Saracino, Tomer Shenar, Sebastian Kamann, Nate Bastian

A black hole candidate orbiting a luminous star in the Large Magellanic Cloud young cluster NGC 1850 ($\sim100$Myr) has recently been reported based on radial velocity and light curve modelling. Subsequently, an alternative explanation has been suggested for the system: a bloated post-mass transfer secondary star (M$_{\rm initial} \sim 4-5M_{\odot}$, M$_{\rm

Belal Nazzal, Anton Nedelin

We study superconformal indices of $4d$ compactifications of the $6d$ minimal $(D_{N+3},D_{N+3})$ conformal matter theories on a punctured Riemann surface. Introduction of supersymmetric surface defect in these theories is done at the level of the index by the action of the finite difference operators on the corresponding indices. There exist at least three

Johanna N. Borissova, Bianca Dittrich

Lorentzian quantum gravity is believed to cure the pathologies encountered in Euclidean quantum gravity, such as the conformal factor problem. We show that this is the case for the Lorentzian Regge path integral expanded around a flat background. We illustrate how a subset of local changes of the triangulation, so-called Pachner moves, allow to isolate the i

Hongwan Liu, Wenzer Qin, Gregory W. Ridgway, Tracy R. Slatyer

Decaying or annihilating dark matter and other exotic energy injections can modify the spectrum of the universe's photon bath, resulting in e.g. new contributions to spectral distortions of the cosmic microwave background blackbody spectrum and modifications to the temperature and ionization history of the universe. Here, we present an improved version of th

Seyed Morteza Hosseini

By working in a symplectically covariant real formulation of special K\"ahler geometry, we propose and give strong evidence for a canonical BPS partition function for AdS$_2 \times_w M_2$ near-horizon geometries with arbitrary rotation and generic magnetic and electric charges. Here, $M_2$ is either a two-sphere or a spindle. We also show that how the attrac

Thorben Finke, Michael Krämer, Alexander Mück, Jan Tönshoff

Transformers have become the primary architecture for natural language processing. In this study, we explore their use for auto-regressive density estimation in high-energy jet physics, which involves working with a high-dimensional space. We draw an analogy between sentences and words in natural language and jets and their constituents in high-energy physic

Hengyun Zhou, Leigh S. Martin, Matthew Tyler, Oksana Makarova

Dynamical decoupling techniques constitute an integral part of many quantum sensing platforms, often leading to orders-of-magnitude improvements in coherence time and sensitivity. Most AC sensing sequences involve a periodic echo-like structure, in which the target signal is synchronized with the echo period. We show that for strongly interacting systems, th

Sowmiya Balan, Felix Kahlhoefer, Michael Korsmeier, Silvia Manconi

The antiproton flux measurements from AMS-02 offer valuable information about the nature of dark matter, but their interpretation is complicated by large uncertainties in the modeling of cosmic ray propagation. In this work we present a novel framework to efficiently marginalise over propagation uncertainties in order to obtain robust AMS-02 likelihoods for

Oscar J. C. Dias, Gary W. Gibbons, Jorge E. Santos, Benson Way

We construct the first four-dimensional multi-black hole solution of general relativity with a positive cosmological constant. The solution consists of two static black holes whose gravitational attraction is balanced by the cosmic expansion. These static binaries provide the first four-dimensional example of non-uniqueness in general relativity without matt

Thomas Vandermeulen

We examine in detail the process of resolving 't Hooft anomalies by extending the symmetry of a theory. Specifically, we interpret the ingredients of existing prescriptions for anomaly resolution as the addition of topological operators with designated mixed anomalies, which can be interpreted as coupling our original field theory to a topological one. We sh

Marcos A. G. Garcia, Mathias Pierre, Sarunas Verner

We investigate the production of a spectator scalar dark matter field that is directly coupled to the inflaton during inflation and reheating. We consider two specific inflationary potentials, namely the Starobinsky and T-model of inflation, which satisfy the constraints on the scalar tilt, $n_s$, and tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, measured by the Planck satel

Gary T. Horowitz, Maciej Kolanowski, Grant N. Remmen, Jorge E. Santos

We show that extremal Kerr black holes are sensitive probes of new physics. Stringy or quantum corrections to general relativity are expected to generate higher-curvature terms in the gravitational action. We show that in the presence of these terms, asymptotically flat extremal rotating black holes have curvature singularities on their horizon. Furthermore,

Amir Siraj, Abraham Loeb

The first meter-scale interstellar meteor (IM1) was detected by US government sensors in 2014, identified as an interstellar object candidate in 2019, and confirmed by the Department of Defense (DoD) in 2022. We use data from a nearby seismometer to localize the fireball to a $\sim 16 \mathrm{\; km^2}$ region within the $\sim 120 \mathrm{\; km^2}$ zone allow

Dingfeng Shi, Yujie Zhong, Qiong Cao, Lin Ma

In this paper, we present a one-stage framework TriDet for temporal action detection. Existing methods often suffer from imprecise boundary predictions due to the ambiguous action boundaries in videos. To alleviate this problem, we propose a novel Trident-head to model the action boundary via an estimated relative probability distribution around the boundary

Helene Wetter, Michael Fleischhauer, Stefan Linden, Julian Schmitt

Robust states emerging at the boundary of a system constitute a hallmark for topological band structures. Other than in closed systems, topologically protected states can occur even in systems with a trivial band structure, if exposed to suitably modulated losses. Here, we study the dissipation-induced emergence of a topological band structure in a non-Hermi

Rohit Gandikota, Joanna Materzynska, Jaden Fiotto-Kaufman, David Bau

Motivated by recent advancements in text-to-image diffusion, we study erasure of specific concepts from the model's weights. While Stable Diffusion has shown promise in producing explicit or realistic artwork, it has raised concerns regarding its potential for misuse. We propose a fine-tuning method that can erase a visual concept from a pre-trained diffusio

Jeremy A. Collins, Cody Houff, Patrick Grady, Charles C. Kemp

Sensing contact pressure applied by a gripper can benefit autonomous and teleoperated robotic manipulation, but adding tactile sensors to a gripper's surface can be difficult or impractical. If a gripper visibly deforms, contact pressure can be visually estimated using images from an external camera that observes the gripper. While researchers have demonstra

Chenwei Lv, Ren Zhang, Qi Zhou

Krylov complexity has emerged as a new probe of operator growth in a wide range of non-equilibrium quantum dynamics. However, a fundamental issue remains in such studies: the definition of the distance between basis states in Krylov space is ambiguous. Here, we show that Krylov complexity can be rigorously established from circuit complexity when dynamical s

Alexander Peysakhovich, Yin Aphinyanaphongs

A key issue for all observational causal inference is that it relies on an unverifiable assumption - that observed characteristics are sufficient to proxy for treatment confounding. In this paper we argue that in medical cases these conditions are more likely to be met in cases where standardized treatment guidelines do not yet exist. One example of such a s

Hyeok-Jun Yang, Eun-Gook Moon, SungBin Lee

The emergence of fractionalized quasiparticles in quantum spin liquids has served a wealth of unconventional phenomena in frustrated magnets. In our work, we explore the various domain patterns of such fractionalized quasiparticles, especially focusing on charge defects in U(1) quantum spin liquids. We claim that emergent long range interaction between charg

Hiroyuki Harada, Kaito Wada, Naoki Yamamoto

A restriction in the quality and quantity of available qubits presents a substantial obstacle to the application of near-term and early fault-tolerant quantum computers in practical tasks. To confront this challenge, some techniques for effectively augmenting the system size through classical processing have been proposed; one promising approach is quantum c

Anchal Saxena, Alex Cole, Simon Gazagnes, P. Daniel Meerburg

Cosmic Dawn (CD) and Epoch of Reionization (EoR) are epochs of the Universe which host invaluable information about the cosmology and astrophysics of X-ray heating and hydrogen reionization. Radio interferometric observations of the 21-cm line at high redshifts have the potential to revolutionize our understanding of the universe during this time. However, m

Da-Wei Zhou, Zi-Wen Cai, Han-Jia Ye, De-Chuan Zhan

Class-incremental learning (CIL) aims to adapt to emerging new classes without forgetting old ones. Traditional CIL models are trained from scratch to continually acquire knowledge as data evolves. Recently, pre-training has achieved substantial progress, making vast pre-trained models (PTMs) accessible for CIL. Contrary to traditional methods, PTMs possess

Qihao Liu, Adam Kortylewski, Alan Yuille

Human pose and shape (HPS) estimation methods achieve remarkable results. However, current HPS benchmarks are mostly designed to test models in scenarios that are similar to the training data. This can lead to critical situations in real-world applications when the observed data differs significantly from the training data and hence is out-of-distribution (O

Hao Zhang, Feng Li, Huaizhe Xu, Shijia Huang

We present a mask-piloted Transformer which improves masked-attention in Mask2Former for image segmentation. The improvement is based on our observation that Mask2Former suffers from inconsistent mask predictions between consecutive decoder layers, which leads to inconsistent optimization goals and low utilization of decoder queries. To address this problem,

Feng Li, Ailing Zeng, Shilong Liu, Hao Zhang

Recent DEtection TRansformer-based (DETR) models have obtained remarkable performance. Its success cannot be achieved without the re-introduction of multi-scale feature fusion in the encoder. However, the excessively increased tokens in multi-scale features, especially for about 75\% of low-level features, are quite computationally inefficient, which hinders

Michael J Mahoney, Lucas K Johnson, Julia Silge, Hannah Frick

Evaluating models fit to data with internal spatial structure requires specific cross-validation (CV) approaches, because randomly selecting assessment data may produce assessment sets that are not truly independent of data used to train the model. Many spatial CV methodologies have been proposed to address this by forcing models to extrapolate spatially whe

Nair Trógolo, Adriano Campo Bagatin, Fernando Moreno, Paula G. Benavidez

An increasing number of Near Earth Asteroids (NEAs) in the range of a few hundred meters to a few kilometres in size have relatively high spin rates, from less than 4 h, down to $\sim$2.2 h, depending on spectral type. For some of these bodies, local acceleration near the equator may be directed outwards so that lift off of near-equatorial material is possib