March 2023 arXiv papers — page 56

Yuxuan Hu, Albert Lui, Mark Goldstein, Mukund Sudarshan

Myocardial infarction and heart failure are major cardiovascular diseases that affect millions of people in the US. The morbidity and mortality are highest among patients who develop cardiogenic shock. Early recognition of cardiogenic shock is critical. Prompt implementation of treatment measures can prevent the deleterious spiral of ischemia, low blood pres

David Richard, Geert Kapteijns, Edan Lerner

Soft, quasilocalized excitations (QLEs) are known to generically emerge in a broad class of disordered solids, and to govern many facets of the physics of glasses, from wave attenuation to plastic instabilities. In view of this key role of QLEs, shedding light upon several open questions in glass physics depends on the availability of computational tools tha

Ondřej Stejskal, Martin Veis, Jaroslav Hamrle

The anomalous Nernst effect (ANE) is a member of the extensive family of topological effects in solid state physics. It converts a heat current into electric voltage and originates from the Berry curvature of electronic bands near the Fermi level. Recent results established the Fe$_3$Ga alloy as one of the most promising candidates for applications, due to i

Mikhail S. Podoshvedov, Sergey A. Podoshvedov

We propose a model for computing of a certain set of analytical functions based on estimating the output distribution of multiphoton outcomes in an optical scheme with an initial single-mode squeezed vacuum (SMSV) state and photonic states measuring the number of photons in one of the output modes of the beam splitter (BS) by photon number resolving (PNR) de

H. Netzel, L. Molnar, E. Plachy, J. M. Benko

Additional low-amplitude signals are observed in many RR Lyrae stars, beside the pulsations in radial modes. The most common ones are short-period signals forming a period ratio of around 0.60--0.65 with the first overtone, or long-period signals forming a period ratio of around 0.68. The RR Lyrae stars may also exhibit quasi-periodic modulation of the light

Atefeh H. Arani, Peng Hu, Yeying Zhu

The integrated use of non-terrestrial network (NTN) entities such as the high-altitude platform station (HAPS) and low-altitude platform station (LAPS) has become essential elements in the space-air-ground integrated networks (SAGINs). However, the complexity, mobility, and heterogeneity of NTN entities and resources present various challenges from system de

Bittu Chahal, Sneha Chaubey

In this article, we study the pair correlation of Farey fractions by proving that the limiting pair correlation function of the sequence of Farey fractions with square-free denominators exists and provide an explicit formula for the limiting pair correlation function.

Manuel Coelho, José António Filipe, Manuel Alberto M. Ferreira

Monitoring and enforcement considerations have been largely forgotten in the study of fishery management. This paper discusses this issue through a model formalization to show the impacts of costly, imperfect enforcement of law on the behavior of fishing firms and fisheries management. Theoretical analysis merges a standard bio-economic model of fisheries (G

Zui Tao, Bowen Shen, Wenjin Zhao, Nai Chao Hu

The spin Hall effect (SHE), in which electrical current generates transverse spin current, plays an important role in spintronics for the generation and manipulation of spin-polarized electrons. The phenomenon originates from spin-orbit coupling. In general, stronger spin-orbit coupling favors larger SHEs but shorter spin relaxation times and diffusion lengt

Tomasz Brzeziński, James Papworth

The classical Hochschild cohomology theory of rings is extended to abelian heaps with distributing multiplication or trusses. This cohomology is then employed to give necessary and sufficient conditions for a Nijenhuis product on a truss (defined by the extension of the Nijenhuis product on an associative ring introduced by Cari\~nena, Grabowski and Marmo in

Maria Stamenova, Plamen Stamenov, Tchavdar Todorov

We show through non-equilibrium non-adiabatic electron-spin-lattice simulations that above a critical current in magnetic atomic wires with a narrow domain wall (DW), a couple of atomic spaces in width, the electron flow triggers violent stimulated emission of phonons and magnons with an almost complete conversion of the incident electron momentum flux into

Morgane Goibert, Clément Calauzènes, Ekhine Irurozki, Stéphan Clémençon

As the issue of robustness in AI systems becomes vital, statistical learning techniques that are reliable even in presence of partly contaminated data have to be developed. Preference data, in the form of (complete) rankings in the simplest situations, are no exception and the demand for appropriate concepts and tools is all the more pressing given that tech

Rajul Acharya, Ashish Panda, Sunil Kumar Kopparapu

Speech translation (ST) systems translate speech in one language to text in another language. End-to-end ST systems (e2e-ST) have gained popularity over cascade systems because of their enhanced performance due to reduced latency and computational cost. Though resource intensive, e2e-ST systems have the inherent ability to retain para and non-linguistic char

Jean-Baptiste Bouvier, Himmat Panag, Robyn Woollands, Melkior Ornik

After the loss of control authority over thrusters of the Nauka module, the International Space Station lost attitude control for 45 minutes with potentially disastrous consequences. Motivated by a scenario of orbital inspection, we consider a similar malfunction occurring to the inspector satellite and investigate whether its mission can still be safely ful

Saeid Alirezazadeh, Luís A. Alexandre

Cloud Robotics is helping to create a new generation of robots that leverage the nearly unlimited resources of large data centers (i.e., the cloud), overcoming the limitations imposed by on-board resources. Different processing power, capabilities, resource sizes, energy consumption, and so forth, make scheduling and task allocation critical components. The

David Martínez-Rubio, Elias Wirth, Sebastian Pokutta

It has recently been shown that ISTA, an unaccelerated optimization method, presents sparse updates for the $\ell_1$-regularized personalized PageRank problem, leading to cheap iteration complexity and providing the same guarantees as the approximate personalized PageRank algorithm (APPR) [FRS+19]. In this work, we design an accelerated optimization algorith

Kyle G. Miller, John P. Palastro, Jessica L. Shaw, Fei Li

In a laser wakefield accelerator (LWFA), an intense laser pulse excites a plasma wave that traps and accelerates electrons to relativistic energies. When the pulse overlaps the accelerated electrons, it can enhance the energy gain through direct laser acceleration (DLA) by resonantly driving the betatron oscillations of the electrons in the plasma wave. The

Katherine M. Collins, Matthew Barker, Mateo Espinosa Zarlenga, Naveen Raman

Placing a human in the loop may abate the risks of deploying AI systems in safety-critical settings (e.g., a clinician working with a medical AI system). However, mitigating risks arising from human error and uncertainty within such human-AI interactions is an important and understudied issue. In this work, we study human uncertainty in the context of concep

Eli Kasai, Paolo Goldoni, Santiago Pita, Catherine Boisson

Blazars are the most numerous type of observed high-energy gamma-ray emitters. However, their emission mechanisms and population properties are still not well-understood. Crucial to this understanding are their cosmological redshifts, which are often not easy to obtain. This presents a great challenge to the next-generation ground-based observatory for very-

Joseph Oglio, Kendric Hood, Gokarna Sharma, Mikhail Nesterenko

We present a solution to consensus on a torus with Byzantine faults. Any solution to classic consensus that is tolerant to $f$ Byzantine faults requires $2f+1$ node-disjoint paths. Due to limited torus connectivity, this bound necessitates spatial separation between faults. Our solution does not require this many disjoint paths and tolerates dense faults. Sp

Jessica López Espejel, Mahaman Sanoussi Yahaya Alassan, Walid Dahhane, El Hassane Ettifouri

Pretrained transformer-based models have shown high performance in natural language generation task. However, a new wave of interest has surged: automatic programming language generation. This task consists of translating natural language instructions to a programming code. Despite the fact that well-known pretrained models on language generation have achiev

Stefano Bondani, Matteo Bonetti, Luca Broggi, Francesco Haardt

Primordial black holes (PBH), supposedly formed in the very early Universe, have been proposed as a possible viable dark matter candidate. In this work we characterize the expected gravitational wave (GW) losses from a population of PBHs orbiting Sgr A$^{\star}$, the super-massive black hole at the Galactic center (GC), and assess the signal detectability by

Francesco Anna Mele, Ludovico Lami, Vittorio Giovannetti

The two-way capacities of quantum channels determine the ultimate entanglement and secret-key distribution rates achievable by two distant parties that are connected by a noisy transmission line, in absence of quantum repeaters. Since repeaters will likely be expensive to build and maintain, a central open problem of quantum communication is to understand wh

Ángel J. Murcia, Dmitri Sorokin

We prove several universal properties of charge transport in generic CFTs holographic to nonminimal extensions of four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell theory with exact electromagnetic duality invariance. First, we explicitly verify that the conductivity of these theories at zero momentum is a universal frequency-independent constant. Then, we derive their anal

Mohamad Shahbazi, Evangelos Ntavelis, Alessio Tonioni, Edo Collins

Pose-conditioned convolutional generative models struggle with high-quality 3D-consistent image generation from single-view datasets, due to their lack of sufficient 3D priors. Recently, the integration of Neural Radiance Fields (NeRFs) and generative models, such as Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), has transformed 3D-aware generation from single-view

Bruno C. Coutinho, Raul Monteiro, Luís Bugalho, Francisco A. Monteiro

How to efficiently distribute entanglement over large-scale quantum networks is still an open problem that greatly depends on the technology considered. In this work, we consider quantum networks where each link is characterized by a trade-off between the entanglement generation rate and fidelity. For such networks, we look at the two following problems: the

Jared Miller, Milan Korda, Victor Magron, Mario Sznaier

This work proposes a method to compute the maximum value obtained by a state function along trajectories of a Delay Differential Equation (DDE). An example of this task is finding the maximum number of infected people in an epidemic model with a nonzero incubation period. The variables of this peak estimation problem include the stopping time and the origina

Konstantinos Georgiadis, M. Kerim Yucel, Evangelos Skartados, Valia Dimaridou

Document shadow removal is an integral task in document enhancement pipelines, as it improves visibility, readability and thus the overall quality. Assuming that the majority of practical document shadow removal scenarios require real-time, accurate models that can produce high-resolution outputs in-the-wild, we propose Laplacian Pyramid with Input/Output At

Wenjun Xia, Hsin Wu Tseng, Chuang Niu, Wenxiang Cong

Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women worldwide, and early detection is crucial for reducing its mortality rate and improving quality of life. Dedicated breast computed tomography (CT) scanners offer better image quality than mammography and tomosynthesis in general but at higher radiation dose. To enable breast CT for cancer screening, the

Jeremy R. Cole, Aditi Chaudhary, Bhuwan Dhingra, Partha Talukdar

Salient Span Masking (SSM) has shown itself to be an effective strategy to improve closed-book question answering performance. SSM extends general masked language model pretraining by creating additional unsupervised training sentences that mask a single entity or date span, thus oversampling factual information. Despite the success of this paradigm, the spa

S. Capozziello, S. Zare, D. F. Mota, H. Hassanabadi

The effects of dark matter spike in the vicinity of the supermassive black hole, located at the center of M87 (the Virgo A galaxy), are investigated within the framework of the so-called Bumblebee Gravity. Our primary aim is to determine whether the background of spontaneous Lorentz symmetry breaking has a significant effect on the horizon, ergo-region, and

Gopika K., Shantanu Desai, Aseem Paranjape

A large number of observations have shown that the dark matter halo surface density, given by the product of halo core radius and core density is nearly constant for a diverse suite of galaxies. Although this invariance of the halo surface density is violated at galaxy cluster and group scales, it is still an open question on whether the aforementioned const

R. K. Cochrane, D. Anglés-Alcázar, J. Mercedes-Feliz, C. C. Hayward

Without AGN feedback, simulated massive, star-forming galaxies become too compact relative to observed galaxies at z<2. In this paper, we perform high-resolution re-simulations of a massive (M_star~10^11 M_sol) galaxy at z~2.3, drawn from the Feedback in Realistic Environments (FIRE) project. In the simulation without AGN feedback, the galaxy experiences a r

Jae Choon Cha, Byeorhi Kim

We present new smoothing techniques for topologically embedded surfaces in smooth 4-manifolds, which give topological isotopy to a smooth surface. As applications, we prove "topological = smooth" results in dimension 4 for certain disks and spheres modulo isotopy. A key step in our approach is to link Quinn's smoothing theory with ideas in Gabai's 4-dimensio

Nilin Abrahamsen, Lin Lin

A fundamental problem in quantum physics is to encode functions that are completely anti-symmetric under permutations of identical particles. The Barron space consists of high-dimensional functions that can be parameterized by infinite neural networks with one hidden layer. By explicitly encoding the anti-symmetric structure, we prove that the anti-symmetric

H. E. S. S. collaboration, :, F. Aharonian, F. Ait Benkhali

Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) are hypothetical black holes predicted to have been formed from density fluctuations in the early Universe. PBHs with an initial mass around $10^{14}-10^{15}$g are expected to end their evaporation at present times in a burst of particles and very-high-energy (VHE) gamma rays. Those gamma rays may be detectable by the High Energ

Alexander Kupers

We show that the first two $k$-invariants of Top/O vanish and give some applications.

Valentino Delle Rose, Alexander Kozachinskiy, Cristóbal Rojas, Mircea Petrache

The Weisfeiler--Lehman (WL) test is a fundamental iterative algorithm for checking isomorphism of graphs. It has also been observed that it underlies the design of several graph neural network architectures, whose capabilities and performance can be understood in terms of the expressive power of this test. Motivated by recent developments in machine learning

Xin Gong, Yiwen Liang, Yukang Cui, Shi Liang

This paper studies the problem of cooperative control of heterogeneous multi-agent systems (MASs) against Byzantine attacks. The agent affected by Byzantine attacks sends different wrong values to all neighbors while applying wrong input signals for itself, which is aggressive and difficult to be defended. Inspired by the concept of Digital Twin, a new hiera

Devon N. Munger, Pietro Paparella

In this work, the converse of the Cowling--Obrechkoff--Thron theorem is established. In addition to its theoretical interest, the result fills a gap in the proof of Kellogg's celebrated eigenvalue inequality for matrices whose principal minors are positive or nonnegative.

Marco Calautti, Mostafa Milani, Andreas Pieris

The chase procedure is a fundamental algorithmic tool in databases that allows us to reason with constraints, such as existential rules, with a plethora of applications. It takes as input a database and a set of constraints, and iteratively completes the database as dictated by the constraints. A key challenge, though, is the fact that it may not terminate,

Karthekeyan Chandrasekaran, Chandra Chekuri, Samuel Fiorini, Shubhang Kulkarni

We consider the feedback vertex set problem in undirected graphs (FVS). The input to FVS is an undirected graph $G=(V,E)$ with non-negative vertex costs. The goal is to find a minimum cost subset of vertices $S \subseteq V$ such that $G-S$ is acyclic. FVS is a well-known NP-hard problem and does not admit a $(2-\epsilon)$-approximation for any fixed $\epsilo

Gokul P. Srinivasaragavan, Brendan O' Connor, S. Bradley Cenko, Alexander J. Dittmann

We report observations of the optical counterpart of the long gamma-ray burst (LGRB) GRB 221009A. Due to the extreme rarity of being both nearby ($z = 0.151$) and highly energetic ($E_{\gamma,\mathrm{iso}} \geq 10^{54}$ erg), GRB 221009A offers a unique opportunity to probe the connection between massive star core collapse and relativistic jet formation acro

Yun-Yun Tsai, Ju-Chin Chao, Albert Wen, Zhaoyuan Yang

Training-time defenses, known as adversarial training, incur high training costs and do not generalize to unseen attacks. Test-time defenses solve these issues but most existing test-time defenses require adapting the model weights, therefore they do not work on frozen models and complicate model memory management. The only test-time defense that does not ad

Dmitry Gorbunov, Ekaterina Kriukova, Oleg Teryaev

In extensions of the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics a light scalar from a hidden sector can interact with known particles via mixing with the SM Higgs boson. If the scalar mass is of GeV scale, this coupling induces the scalar decay into light hadrons, that saturates the scalar width. Searches for the light scalars are performed in many ongoing expe

Chengcheng Xin, Zoltan Haiman, Rosalba Perna, Yihan Wang

Close encounters between stellar-mass black holes (BHs) and stars occur frequently in dense star clusters and in the disks of active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Recent studies have shown that in highly eccentric close encounters, the star can be tidally disrupted by the BH (micro-tidal disruption event, or micro-TDE), resulting in rapid mass accretion and possib

Polychronis Papaderos, Göran Östlin, Iris Breda

Since the k correction depends on the spectral energy distribution (SED) of a galaxy, any high-z galaxy with a spatially non-homogeneous SED will experience a spatially varying relative dimming or brightening in addition to the pure distance effect. The morphology of galaxies will therefore change with z. For instance, an early spiral galaxy observed in the

Bob Oliver

We correct an error in Lemma 3.1 of my paper coauthored with Ran Levi on the Benson-Solomon fusion systems, and show that the change does not affect any of the other results in that paper. More precisely, as pointed out to us by Justin Lynd, there are two conjugacy classes of elementary abelian subgroups of rank $3$ in each of the fusion systems $\cal{F}_{{\

Stephon Alexander, Keshav Dasgupta, Archana Maji, P. Ramadevi

Recent no-go theorems have ruled out four-dimensional classical de Sitter vacua in heterotic string theory. On the other hand, the absence of a well-defined Wilsonian effective action and other related phenomena also appear to rule out such time-dependent vacua with de Sitter isometries, even in the presence of quantum corrections. In this note, we argue tha

Emma Albertini, Kyle Barnes, Gabriel Herczeg

We consider a modified gravity model which we call "dynamical Henneaux-Teitelboim gravity" because of its close relationship with the Henneaux-Teitelboim formulation of unimodular gravity. The latter is a fully diffeomorphism-invariant formulation of unimodular gravity, where full diffeomorphism invariance is achieved by introducing two additional non-dynami

Alexander R. Livernois, Enrico Vesperini, Václav Pavlík

The dynamics of binary stars provides a unique avenue to gather insight into the study of the structure and dynamics of star clusters and galaxies. In this paper, we present the results of a set of $N$-body simulations aimed at exploring the evolution of binary stars during the early evolutionary phases of ultra-faint dwarf galaxies (UFD). In our simulations

Jakub Czartowski, A. de Oliveira Junior, Kamil Korzekwa

We develop a resource-theoretic framework that allows one to bridge the gap between two approaches to quantum thermodynamics based on Markovian thermal processes (which model memoryless dynamics) and thermal operations (which model arbitrarily non-Markovian dynamics). Our approach is built on the notion of memory-assisted Markovian thermal processes, where m

Julien Gacon, Jannes Nys, Riccardo Rossi, Stefan Woerner

The real- and imaginary-time evolution of quantum states are powerful tools in physics, chemistry, and beyond, to investigate quantum dynamics, prepare ground states or calculate thermodynamic observables. On near-term devices, variational quantum time evolution is a promising candidate for these tasks, as the required circuit model can be tailored to trade

Xiaowei Ou, Anna-Christina Eilers, Lina Necib, Anna Frebel

In this paper, we construct the circular velocity curve of the Milky Way out to $\sim 30$ kpc, providing an updated model of the dark matter density profile. We derive precise parallaxes for 120,309 stars with a data-driven model, using APOGEE DR17 spectra combined with Gaia DR3, 2MASS, and WISE photometry. At outer galactic radii up to 30 kpc, we find a sig

David Berenstein

A model with a half boson degree of freedom per lattice site in one dimension is developed. The boson is protected from developing a gap by translation symmetry: while the left movers are at zero quasi-momentum, the associated right movers are at the midpoint of the quasi-momentum period. The model has different properties depending on if a periodic lattice

Arpit Raj, Swati Chaudhary, Gregory A. Fiete

We investigate the dependence of the photogalvanic response of a multi-Weyl semimetal on its topological charge, tilt, and chemical potential. We derive analytical expressions for the shift and injection conductivities for tilted charge-$n$ Weyl points $(n=1,2,3)$ using a low energy two-band effective Hamiltonian. For double-Weyl semimetals, we also compute

Jarred Gillette, Marie Wingyee Lau, Fred Hamann, Serena Perrotta

Red quasars may represent a young stage of galaxy evolution that provide important feedback to their host galaxies. We are studying a population of extremely red quasars (ERQs) with exceptionally fast and powerful outflows, at median redshift $z$ = 2.6. We present Keck/KCWI integral field spectra of 11 ERQs, which have a median color $i-W3$ = 5.9~mag, median

Sofiene Jerbi, Joe Gibbs, Manuel S. Rudolph, Matthias C. Caro

Quantum process learning is emerging as an important tool to study quantum systems. While studied extensively in coherent frameworks, where the target and model system can share quantum information, less attention has been paid to whether the dynamics of quantum systems can be learned without the system and target directly interacting. Such incoherent framew

Pedro Castro, Daniel Shaffer, Yi-Ming Wu, Luiz H. Santos

While advances in electronic band theory have brought to light new topological systems, understanding the interplay of band topology and electronic interactions remains a frontier question. In this work, we predict new interacting electronic orders emerging near higher-order Van Hove singularities present in the Chern bands of the Haldane model. We classify

Cornelius Rampf, Shohei Saga, Atsushi Taruya, Stéphane Colombi

We consider the gravitational collapse of collisionless matter seeded by three crossed sine waves with various amplitudes, also in the presence of a linear external tidal field. We explore two theoretical methods that are more efficient than standard Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT) for resolving shell-crossings, the crossing of particle trajectories. On

Lei Xiao, Wen-Tan Xue, Fei Song, Yu-Min Hu

The non-Hermitian skin effect, by which the eigenstates of Hamiltonian are predominantly localized at the boundary, has revealed a strong sensitivity of non-Hermitian systems to the boundary condition. Here we experimentally observe a striking boundary-induced dynamical phenomenon known as the non-Hermitian edge burst, which is characterized by a sharp bound

Yjan A. Gordon, Lawrence Rudnick, Heinz Andernach, Leah K. Morabito

Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) can often be identified in radio images as two lobes, sometimes connected to a core by a radio jet. This multi-component morphology unfortunately creates difficulties for source-finders, leading to components that are a) separate parts of a wider whole, and b) offset from the multiwavelength cross identification of the host galax

Poetri Sonya Tarabunga, Giuliano Giudici, Titas Chanda, Marcello Dalmonte

We investigate the nature of quantum phases arising in chiral interacting Hamiltonians recently realized in Rydberg atom arrays. We classify all possible fermionic chiral spin liquids with $\mathrm{U}(1)$ global symmetry using parton construction on the honeycomb lattice. The resulting classification includes six distinct classes of gapped quantum spin liqui

Floor van Donkelaar, Lucio Mayer, Pedro R. Capelo, Tomas Tamfal

Nuclear star clusters (NSCs) are massive star clusters found in the innermost region of most galaxies. While recent studies suggest that low-mass NSCs in dwarf galaxies form largely out of the merger of globular clusters and NSCs in massive galaxies accumulate mass primarily through central star formation, the formation channel of the Milky Way's NSC is stil

Marcus Högås, Edvard Mörtsell

Fifth forces are ubiquitous in modified theories of gravity. To be compatible with observations, such a force must be screened on solar-system scales but may still give a significant contribution on galactic scales. If this is the case, the fifth force can influence the calibration of the cosmic distance ladder, hence changing the inferred value of the Hubbl

Alessandra Mastrobuono-Battisti, Go Ogiya, Oliver Hahn, Mathias Schultheis

Galaxy mergers are common processes in the Universe. As a large fraction of galaxies hosts at their centres a central supermassive black hole (SMBH), mergers can lead to the formation of a supermassive black hole binary (SMBHB). The formation of such a binary is more efficient when the SMBHs are embedded in a nuclear star cluster (NSC). NSCs are dense and ma

Qi Hu, Titus Neupert, Glenn Wagner

Bilayer quantum Hall states have been shown to be described by a BCS-paired state of composite fermions. However, finding a qualitatively accurate model state valid across all values of the bilayer separation is challenging. Here, we introduce two variational wavefunctions, each with a single variational parameter, which can be thought of as a proxy for the

K. A. G. Bonsma-Fisher, C. Hnatovsky, D. Grobnic, S. J. Mihailov

We demonstrate the storage and on-demand retrieval of single-photon-level telecom pulses in a fiber cavity. The cavity is formed by fiber Bragg gratings at either end of a single-mode fiber. Photons are mapped into, and out of, the cavity using quantum frequency conversion driven by intense control pulses. In a first, spliced-fiber, cavity we demonstrate sto

Yiting Cheng, Fangyun Wei, Jianmin Bao, Dong Chen

This work focuses on sign language retrieval-a recently proposed task for sign language understanding. Sign language retrieval consists of two sub-tasks: text-to-sign-video (T2V) retrieval and sign-video-to-text (V2T) retrieval. Different from traditional video-text retrieval, sign language videos, not only contain visual signals but also carry abundant sema

Jorge Venzor, Gabriela Garcia-Arroyo, Josue De-Santiago, Abdel Pérez-Lorenzana

In this work, we study the previously unexplored resonant region of neutrino self-interactions. Current disagreement on late and early time observations of the Universe expansion could be solved with new physics acting before the recombination era. Nonstandard neutrino self-interactions are among the most appealing candidates to solve this issue since they c

Shoukang Hu, Fangzhou Hong, Liang Pan, Haiyi Mei

Existing Human NeRF methods for reconstructing 3D humans typically rely on multiple 2D images from multi-view cameras or monocular videos captured from fixed camera views. However, in real-world scenarios, human images are often captured from random camera angles, presenting challenges for high-quality 3D human reconstruction. In this paper, we propose SHERF

Yasiru Ranasinghe, Nithin Gopalakrishnan Nair, Wele Gedara Chaminda Bandara, Vishal M. Patel

Crowd counting is a fundamental problem in crowd analysis which is typically accomplished by estimating a crowd density map and summing over the density values. However, this approach suffers from background noise accumulation and loss of density due to the use of broad Gaussian kernels to create the ground truth density maps. This issue can be overcome by n

Ayaan Haque, Matthew Tancik, Alexei A. Efros, Aleksander Holynski

We propose a method for editing NeRF scenes with text-instructions. Given a NeRF of a scene and the collection of images used to reconstruct it, our method uses an image-conditioned diffusion model (InstructPix2Pix) to iteratively edit the input images while optimizing the underlying scene, resulting in an optimized 3D scene that respects the edit instructio

David Chanin

While the state-of-the-art for frame semantic parsing has progressed dramatically in recent years, it is still difficult for end-users to apply state-of-the-art models in practice. To address this, we present Frame Semantic Transformer, an open-source Python library which achieves near state-of-the-art performance on FrameNet 1.7, while focusing on ease-of-u

Hansheng Chen, Wei Tian, Pichao Wang, Fan Wang

Locating 3D objects from a single RGB image via Perspective-n-Point (PnP) is a long-standing problem in computer vision. Driven by end-to-end deep learning, recent studies suggest interpreting PnP as a differentiable layer, allowing for partial learning of 2D-3D point correspondences by backpropagating the gradients of pose loss. Yet, learning the entire cor

Jianglong Ye, Naiyan Wang, Xiaolong Wang

Recent works on generalizable NeRFs have shown promising results on novel view synthesis from single or few images. However, such models have rarely been applied on other downstream tasks beyond synthesis such as semantic understanding and parsing. In this paper, we propose a novel framework named FeatureNeRF to learn generalizable NeRFs by distilling pre-tr

François Ged, Maria Han Veiga

A novel Policy Gradient (PG) algorithm, called $\textit{Matryoshka Policy Gradient}$ (MPG), is introduced and studied, in the context of fixed-horizon max-entropy reinforcement learning, where an agent aims at maximizing entropy bonuses additional to its cumulative rewards. In the linear function approximation setting with softmax policies, we prove uniquene

Francesco Alessio

We construct a new Yang-Mills Lagrangian based on a notion of minimal coupling that incorporates classical spin effects. The construction relies on the introduction of a new covariant derivative, which we name "classical spin covariant derivative", that is compatible with the three-point interaction of the $\sqrt{\mathrm{Kerr}}$ solution with the gauge field

Andreas Auer, Martin Gauch, Daniel Klotz, Sepp Hochreiter

To quantify uncertainty, conformal prediction methods are gaining continuously more interest and have already been successfully applied to various domains. However, they are difficult to apply to time series as the autocorrelative structure of time series violates basic assumptions required by conformal prediction. We propose HopCPT, a novel conformal predic

Xiangtai Li, Haobo Yuan, Wenwei Zhang, Guangliang Cheng

Video segmentation aims to segment and track every pixel in diverse scenarios accurately. In this paper, we present Tube-Link, a versatile framework that addresses multiple core tasks of video segmentation with a unified architecture. Our framework is a near-online approach that takes a short subclip as input and outputs the corresponding spatial-temporal tu

Stefano Camarda, Leandro Cieri, Giancarlo Ferrera

We consider Drell-Yan lepton pairs produced in hadronic collisions. We present high-accuracy QCD predictions for the transverse-momentum ($q_T$) distribution and fiducial cross sections in the small $q_T$ region. We resum to all perturbative orders the logarithmically enhanced contributions up to the next-to-next-to-next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic (N$^4$

Yukang Cui, Xinru Yang, Tingwen Huang, Xin Gong

In this paper, the problem of seeking optimal distributed resource allocation (DRA) policies on cellular networks in the presence of an unknown malicious adding-edge attacker is investigated. This problem is described as the games of games (GoG) model. Specifically, two subnetwork policymakers constitute a Nash game, while the confrontation between each subn

Pin-Chuan Chen, Klaus Kroy, Frank Cichos, Xiangzun Wang

Perception-reaction delays have experimentally been found to cause a spontaneous circling of microswimmers around a targeted center. Here we investigate the many-body version of this experiment with Brownian-dynamics simulations of active particles in a plane. For short delays, the soft spherical discs form a hexagonal colloidal crystallite around a fixed ta

Arjun Karpur, Guilherme Perrotta, Ricardo Martin-Brualla, Howard Zhou

Finding localized correspondences across different images of the same object is crucial to understand its geometry. In recent years, this problem has seen remarkable progress with the advent of deep learning-based local image features and learnable matchers. Still, learnable matchers often underperform when there exists only small regions of co-visibility be

Sevdzhan Hakkaev, Milena Stanislavova, Atanas G. Stefanov

The paper concerns with the stability of periodic travelling waves of dnoidal type of the Zakharov system. This problem was considered in Angulo-Brango, Nonlinearity'11, where it was shown that subject to a technical condition on the perturbation, such waves are orbitally stable, with respect to perturbations of the same period. Our main result fills up the

Jan Dragašević, Bogdan Rajkov, Michele Simoncelli

We demonstrate that non-diffusive, fluid-like heat transport, such as heat backflowing from cooler to warmer regions, can be induced, controlled, and amplified in extreme thermal conductors such as graphite and hexagonal boron nitride. We employ the viscous heat equations, i.e., the thermal counterpart of the Navier-Stokes equations in the laminar regime, to

Hidefumi Ohsugi, Akiyoshi Tsuchiya

Kempe equivalence is a classical and fundamental notion in graph coloring theory. In the present paper we establish a connection between Kempe equivalence and quadratic stable set ring, which are toric rings associated to graphs. In fact, we characterize when the stable set ring of a graph is quadratic by using Kempe equivalence. As an application, we relate

Shilong Zhang, Xinjiang Wang, Jiaqi Wang, Jiangmiao Pang

One-to-one label assignment in object detection has successfully obviated the need for non-maximum suppression (NMS) as postprocessing and makes the pipeline end-to-end. However, it triggers a new dilemma as the widely used sparse queries cannot guarantee a high recall, while dense queries inevitably bring more similar queries and encounter optimization diff

Xiaojuan Hu, Kazi S. Amin, Markus Schneider, Carmay Lim

The accuracy of classical force fields (FFs) has been shown to be limited for the simulation of cation-protein systems despite their importance in understanding the processes of life. Improvements can result from optimizing the parameters of classical FFs or by extending the FF formulation by terms describing charge transfer and polarization effects. In this

Isaiah Osborne, Dong Ye

Let $G$ be a graph and $A$ be its adjacency matrix. A graph $G$ is invertible if its adjacency matrix $A$ is invertible and the inverse of $G$ is a weighted graph with adjacency matrix $A^{-1}$. A signed graph $(G,\sigma)$ is a weighted graph with a special weight function $\sigma: E(G)\to \{-1,1\}$. A graph is sign-invertible (or sign-invertible) if its inv

Jürgen Struckmeier, Andreas Redelbach

A different approach will be presented that aims to scrutinize the phase-space trajectories of a general class of Hamiltonian systems with regard to their regular or irregular behavior. The approach is based on the `energy-second-moment map' that can be constructed for all Hamiltonian systems of the generic form $H=p^{2}/2+V(q,t)$. With a three-component vec

Marco Calautti, Ester Livshits, Andreas Pieris, Markus Schneider

Explaining why a database query result is obtained is an essential task towards the goal of Explainable AI, especially nowadays where expressive database query languages such as Datalog play a critical role in the development of ontology-based applications. A standard way of explaining a query result is the so-called why-provenance, which essentially provide

Ramisa Anan, Tasnim Sakib Apon, Zeba Tahsin Hossain, Elizabeth Antora Modhu

A positive phrase or a sentence with an underlying negative motive is usually defined as sarcasm that is widely used in today's social media platforms such as Facebook, Twitter, Reddit, etc. In recent times active users in social media platforms are increasing dramatically which raises the need for an automated NLP-based system that can be utilized in variou

David Danin, Felix Tennie

Current implementations of superconducting qubits are often limited by the low fidelities of multi-qubit gates. We present a reproducible and runtime-efficient pulse-level approach for calibrating an improved cross-resonance gate CR($\theta$) for arbitrary $\theta$. This CR($\theta$) gate can be used to produce a wide range of other two-qubit gates via the a

Soumyabrata Saha, Tridib Sadhu

We present the application of a fluctuating hydrodynamic theory to study current fluctuations in diffusive systems on a semi-infinite line in contact with a reservoir with slow coupling. We show that the distribution of the time-integrated current across the boundary at large times follows a large deviation principle with a rate function that depends on the

Liang Wu, Jun-Xian Wang, Hao-Chen Wang, Wen-Yong Kang

A simple prediction of the well-known unification model of active galactic nuclei is that a sample of sources should exhibit an anti-correlation between the solid angle of the dusty torus and of the ionization cone (as the sum of them shall equal 4$\pi$), which however has never been detected. In this work, we analyze the correlation between [OIII] 5007 narr

Zihan Tan, Tianyi Zhang

Given an undirected unweighted graph $G = (V, E)$ on $n$ vertices and $m$ edges, a subgraph $H\subseteq G$ is a spanner of $G$ with stretch function $f: \mathbb{R}_+ \rightarrow \mathbb{R}_+$, if for every pair $s, t$ of vertices in $V$, $\text{dist}_{H}(s, t)\le f(\text{dist}_{G}(s, t))$. When $f(d) = d + o(d)$, $H$ is called a sublinear additive spanner; w

Rachith Aiyappa, Jisun An, Haewoon Kwak, Yong-Yeol Ahn

ChatGPT, the first large language model (LLM) with mass adoption, has demonstrated remarkable performance in numerous natural language tasks. Despite its evident usefulness, evaluating ChatGPT's performance in diverse problem domains remains challenging due to the closed nature of the model and its continuous updates via Reinforcement Learning from Human Fee

Xin Lai, Yukang Chen, Fanbin Lu, Jianhui Liu

LiDAR-based 3D point cloud recognition has benefited various applications. Without specially considering the LiDAR point distribution, most current methods suffer from information disconnection and limited receptive field, especially for the sparse distant points. In this work, we study the varying-sparsity distribution of LiDAR points and present SphereForm

George Vassos, Klaus K. Holst, Pierre Pinson, Richard M. Lusby

This study proposes a simulation framework of procurement operations in the container logistics industry that can support the development of dynamic procurement strategies. The idea is inspired by the success of Passenger Origin-Destination Simulator (PODS) in the field of airline revenue management. By and large, research in procurement has focused on the o