May 2023 arXiv papers — page 133

B. Hamil, B. C. Lütfüoğlu

In this work, we consider the quantum-corrected Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole surrounded by quintessence matter and examine its thermodynamics and shadow. To this end, we handle the quantum-corrected metric of the black hole, which is given by Wu and Lui in 2022, and couple the quintessence matter field effects to the lapse function. Then, we obtain the ma

William D. Fullmer, Jonathan E. Higham, Roberto Porcu, Jordan Musser

This work marks the third in a series of experiments that were in a semi-circular, gas-fluidized bed with side jets. In this work, the particles are 1 mm ceramic beads. The bed is operated just at and slightly above and below the minimum fluidization velocity and additional fluidization is provided by two high-speed gas located on the sides of the bed near t

Sebastian Grieninger, Dmitri E. Kharzeev, Ismail Zahed

We revisit the entanglement of a Schwinger pair created by external fields of arbitrary strength, using a holographic dual description of QCD. When external fields are strong in comparison to the string tension, the entanglement is geometrically tied to the Einstein-Rosen (ER) bridge in the bulk, and disappears when the pair production is not exponentially s

Bingyi Zhang, Sasindu Wijeratne, Rajgopal Kannan, Viktor Prasanna

Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Automatic Target Recognition (ATR) is the key technique for remote sensing image recognition. The state-of-the-art works exploit the deep convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for SAR ATR, leading to high computation costs. These deep CNN models are unsuitable to be deployed on resource-limited platforms. In this work, we propos

Amitalok J. Budkuley, Pranav Joshi, Manideep Mamindlapally, Anuj Kumar Yadav

Commitment is a key primitive which resides at the heart of several cryptographic protocols. Noisy channels can help realize information-theoretically secure commitment schemes, however, their imprecise statistical characterization can severely impair such schemes, especially their security guarantees. Keeping our focus on channel unreliability in this work,

Moustafa Ibrahim

Lucas-Lehmer test is the current standard algorithm used for testing the primality of Mersenne numbers, but it may have limitations in terms of its efficiency and accuracy. Developing new algorithms or improving upon existing ones could potentially improve the search for Mersenne primes and the understanding of the distribution of Mersenne primes and composi

Cezary Adamczyk, Adrian Kliks

The steady evolution of the Open RAN concept sheds light on xApps and their potential use cases in O-RANcompliant deployments. There are several areas where xApps can be used that are being widely investigated, but the issue of mitigating conflicts between xApp decisions requires further in-depth investigation. This article defines a conflict mitigation fram

Pepijn de Reus, Ana Oprescu, Koen van Elsen

To address increasing societal concerns regarding privacy and climate, the EU adopted the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) and committed to the Green Deal. Considerable research studied the energy efficiency of software and the accuracy of machine learning models trained on anonymised data sets. Recent work began exploring the impact of privacy-enha

Gautham Prasad, Vishnu Rajendra Chandrika, Lutz Lampe, Gus Vos

Non-terrestrial networks (NTNs) complement their terrestrial counterparts in enabling ubiquitous connectivity globally by serving unserved and/or underserved areas of the world. While supporting enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) data over NTNs has been extensively studied in the past, focus on massive machine type communication (mMTC) over NTNs is currently g

Victor Guba

This is a survey of our recent results on the amenability problem for Thompson's group $F$. They mostly concern esimating the density of finite subgraphs in Cayley graphs of $F$ for various systems of generators, and also equations in the group ring of $F$. We also discuss possible approaches to solve the problem in both directions.

So Takei, Yaroslav Tserkovnyak

Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are highly entangled ground states of insulating spin systems, in which magnetic ordering is prevented down to the lowest temperatures due to quantum fluctuations. One of the most extraordinary characteristics of QSL phases is their ability to support fractionalized, low-energy quasiparticles known as spinons, which carry spin-1/2

Eduardo Bittencourt, Ricardo Fernandes, Érico Goulart, José Eloy Ottoni

We study different types of spacetime singularities which emerge in the context of disformal electrodynamics. The latter is characterized by transformations of the background metric which preserve regular (non-null) solutions of Maxwell equations in vacuum. Restricting ourselves to the case of electrostatic fields created by charged point particles along a l

Moshe Levy-Israel, Igal Bilik, Joseph Tabrikian

Autonomous driving and advanced active safety features require accurate high-resolution sensing capabilities. Automotive radars are the key component of the vehicle sensing suit. However, when these radars operate in proximity to flat surfaces, such as roads and guardrails, they experience a multipath phenomenon that can degrade the accuracy of the direction

Qinshuang Wei, Yue Yu, Ufuk Topcu

Urban air mobility (UAM) is an emerging concept in short-range aviation transportation, where the aircraft will take off, land, and charge their batteries at a set of vertistops, and travel only through a set of flight corridors connecting these vertistops. We study the problem of routing an electric aircraft from its origin vertistop to its destination vert

Diego Fallas Padilla, Han Pu

Light-matter interacting systems involving multi-level atoms are appealing platforms for testing equilibrium and dynamical phenomena. Here, we explore a tricritical Dicke model, where an ensemble of three-level systems interacts with a single light mode, through two different approaches: a generalized Holstein-Primakoff map, and a treatment using the Gell-Ma

Nathan Harper, Bryce P. Hickam, Manni He, Scott K. Cushing

Fluorescence lifetime experiments are a standard approach for measuring excited state dynamics and local environment effects. Here, we show that entangled photon pairs produced from a continuous-wave (CW) laser diode can replicate pulsed laser experiments without phase modulation. As a proof of principle, picosecond fluorescence lifetimes of indocyanine gree

Massimo Blasone, Francesco Giacosa, Luca Smaldone, Giorgio Torrieri

We study the mixing of different kind of fields (scalar in 0+1D, scalar in 3+1D, fermion in 3+1D) treating the mixing term as an interaction. To this aim, we employ the usual perturbative series in the interaction picture. We find that expression for flavor changing probability exhibits corrections with respect to the usual quantum mechanical (e.g. neutrino)

Karl Wette

Seven years after the first direct detection of gravitational waves, from the collision of two black holes, the field of gravitational wave astronomy is firmly established. A first detection of continuous gravitational waves from rapidly-spinning neutron stars could be the field's next big discovery. I review the last twenty years of efforts to detect contin

Mauro Patrão, Laércio dos Santos

In this paper we study the action of semigroups with nonempty interior of noncompact connected semisimple Lie groups, with finite center, on their maximal compact connected subgroups. As main results we describe the set of transitivity of a control set as fixed points of regular elements in the semigroup, and determine the number of control sets.

I. Shaposhnikov, A. Cherepashchuk, A. Dodin, K. Postnov

We present the results of spectroscopic observations of two eclipsing WR+OB-type systems - CQ Cep and CX Cep, performed in 2020-2023 with a low-resolution slit spectrograph TDS ($\lambda\lambda= 3660-7410$\AA, $R = 1300-2500$) on 2.5-m telescope of the SAI MSU Caucasian Mountain Observatory. For CQ Cep, the radial velocity curves of a WN6 star are constructe

S. Andrew Lanham, Eli Bradley, Brian R. La Cour

This paper generalizes results in noncoherent space-time block code (STBC) design based on quantum error correction (QEC) to new antenna configurations. Previous work proposed QEC-inspired STBCs for antenna geometries where the number of transmit and receive antennas were equal and a power of two. In this work we extend these results by providing QEC-inspire

Raphaël Larouche, Simon Lambert-Girard, Christian Katlein, Sabine Marty

Improved miniaturization capabilities for complex fisheye camera systems have recently led to the introduction of many compact 360-degree cameras on the consumer technology market. Designed primarily for recreational photography, several manufacturers have decided to allow users access to raw imagery for further editing flexibility, thereby offering data at

Dmitry Demidov, Muhammad Hamza Sharif, Aliakbar Abdurahimov, Hisham Cholakkal

Fine-grained visual classification (FGVC) is a challenging computer vision problem, where the task is to automatically recognise objects from subordinate categories. One of its main difficulties is capturing the most discriminative inter-class variances among visually similar classes. Recently, methods with Vision Transformer (ViT) have demonstrated noticeab

Gonzalo Contador, Bret Hanlon

Consider a multi-dimensional supercritical branching process with offspring distribution in a parametric family. Here, each vector coordinate corresponds to the number of offspring of a given type. The process is observed under family-size sampling: a random sample is drawn, each individual reporting its vector of brood sizes. In this work, we show that the

Gokul Yenduri, Ramalingam M, Chemmalar Selvi G, Supriya Y

The Generative Pre-trained Transformer (GPT) represents a notable breakthrough in the domain of natural language processing, which is propelling us toward the development of machines that can understand and communicate using language in a manner that closely resembles that of humans. GPT is based on the transformer architecture, a deep neural network designe

Floor Eijkelboom, Rob Hesselink, Erik Bekkers

This paper presents $\mathrm{E}(n)$ Equivariant Message Passing Simplicial Networks (EMPSNs), a novel approach to learning on geometric graphs and point clouds that is equivariant to rotations, translations, and reflections. EMPSNs can learn high-dimensional simplex features in graphs (e.g. triangles), and use the increase of geometric information of higher-

Vahid Nasirimarekani, Olinka Ramìrez-Soto, Stefan Karpitschka, Isabella Guido

Active networks made of biopolymers and motor proteins are valuable bioinspired systems that have been used in the last decades to study the cytoskeleton and its self-organization under mechanical stimulation. Different techniques are available to apply external mechanical cues to such structures. However, they often require setups that hardly mimic the biol

Tjeerd V. olde Scheper

The representation of arbitrary data in a biological system is one of the most elusive elements of biological information processing. The often logarithmic nature of information in amplitude and frequency presented to biosystems prevents simple encapsulation of the information contained in the input. Criticality Analysis (CA) is a bio-inspired method of info

Weijie Zheng, Xin Yao

Evolutionary computation has shown its superiority in dynamic optimization, but for the (dynamic) time-linkage problems, some theoretical studies have revealed the possible weakness of evolutionary computation. Since the theoretically analyzed time-linkage problem only considers the influence of an extremely strong negative time-linkage effect, it remains un

Alvaro Veizaga, Seung Yeob Shin, Lionel C. Briand

Requirement specifications are typically written in natural language (NL) due to its usability across multiple domains and understandability by all stakeholders. However, unstructured NL is prone to quality problems (e.g., ambiguity) when writing requirements, which can result in project failures. To address this issue, we present a tool, named Paska, that t

Eckhard Krotscheck, Panagiota Papakonstantinou, Jiawei Wang

The presence of superfluidity in neutron star interiors can affect the cooling of neutron stars in intricate ways, enhancing certain mechanisms and suppressing others. Model calculations employing realistic nuclear potentials in Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer theory generally suggest the development of a $^3$P$_2$-$^3$F$_2$ pairing gap, and therefore the presence

Brihi Joshi, Ziyi Liu, Sahana Ramnath, Aaron Chan

Among the remarkable emergent capabilities of large language models (LMs) is free-text rationalization; beyond a certain scale, large LMs are capable of generating seemingly useful rationalizations, which in turn, can dramatically enhance their performances on leaderboards. This phenomenon raises a question: can machine generated rationales also be useful fo

Takeru Murase, Toshihiro Handa, Ren Matsusaka, Yoshito Shimajiri

We studied the H$_2$ column density probability distribution function (N-PDF) based on molecular emission lines using the Nobeyama 45-m Cygnus X CO survey data. Using the DENDROGRAM and SCIMES algorithms, we identified 124 molecular clouds in the $^{13}$CO data. From these identified molecular clouds, an N-PDF was constructed for 11 molecular clouds with an

Anatol Cherepashchuk, Alexander Belinski, Alexander Dodin, Konstantin Postnov

We present results of long-term photometric monitoring of SS433 which proves a secular evolutionary increase of the orbital period of SS433 at a rate of $(1.14\pm 0.25)\times 10^{-7}$ s~s$^{-1}$. Using a physical model of non-conservative mass transfer in SS433 through a supercritical accretion disc around the compact companion, we reliably confirm that the

Amine Bentellis, Andrea Matic-Flierl, Christian B. Mendl, Jeanette Miriam Lorenz

The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) is a promising quantum algorithm for applications in chemistry within the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) era. The ability for a quantum computer to simulate electronic structures with high accuracy would have a profound impact on material and biochemical science with potential applications e.g., to the devel

Adrian Redder, Arunselvan Ramaswamy, Holger Karl

We generalize the Borkar-Meyn stability Theorem (BMT) to distributed stochastic approximations (SAs) with information delays that possess an arbitrary moment bound. To model the delays, we introduce Age of Information Processes (AoIPs): stochastic processes on the non-negative integers with a unit growth property. We show that AoIPs with an arbitrary moment

Shiri Chechik, Doron Mukhtar, Tianyi Zhang

In this paper, we study the problem of computing an edge-coloring in the (one-pass) W-streaming model. In this setting, the edges of an $n$-node graph arrive in an arbitrary order to a machine with a relatively small space, and the goal is to design an algorithm that outputs, as a stream, a proper coloring of the edges using the fewest possible number of col

Kin G. Olivares, David Luo, Cristian Challu, Stefania La Vattiata

Large collections of time series data are often organized into hierarchies with different levels of aggregation; examples include product and geographical groupings. Probabilistic coherent forecasting is tasked to produce forecasts consistent across levels of aggregation. In this study, we propose to augment neural forecasting architectures with a coherent m

Zhiwu Lin, Yucong Wang, Hao Zhu

For the non-rotating gaseous stars modeled by the compressible Euler-Poisson system with general pressure law, Lin and Zeng [18] proved a turning point principle, which gives the sharp linear stability/instability criteria for the non-rotating gaseous stars. In this paper, we prove that the sharp linear stability criterion for the non-rotating stars also imp

Yan-Qing Zhao, Defu Hou

To better understand the effects of strong coupling and QCD at high temperature in QGP, by using holographic model, we investigate the dissociation effect of bottomonium under the higher-order curvature corrections to the supergravity action corresponding to the corrections of large N expansion of boundary CFT in the side of field theory. The results show th

Francis Halzen

The IceCube project transformed a cubic kilometer of transparent, natural Antarctic ice into a Cherenkov detector. It discovered neutrinos of TeV-PeV energy originating beyond our Galaxy with an energy flux that exceeds the one of high-energy gamma rays of extragalactic origin. Unlike at any other wavelength of light, extragalactic neutrinos outshine the nea

Ting Wu, Jingyi Liu, Rui Zheng, Qi Zhang

The principle of continual relation extraction~(CRE) involves adapting to emerging novel relations while preserving od knowledge. While current endeavors in CRE succeed in preserving old knowledge, they tend to fail when exposed to contaminated data streams. We assume this is attributed to their reliance on an artificial hypothesis that the data stream has n

Ziqin Feng

We describe the homotopy types of Vietoris-Rips complexes of hypercube graphs at scale $3$. We represent the vertices in the hypercube graph $Q_m$ as the collection of all subsets of $[m]=\{1, 2, \ldots, m\}$ and equip $Q_m$ with the metric using symmetric difference distance. It is proved in \cite{AA22} that the Vietoris-Rips complexes of hypercube graphs $

Will Usher, Ingo Wald, Jefferson Amstutz, Johannes Günther

Image- and data-parallel rendering across multiple nodes on high-performance computing systems is widely used in visualization to provide higher frame rates, support large data sets, and render data in situ. Specifically for in situ visualization, reducing bottlenecks incurred by the visualization and compositing is of key concern to reduce the overall simul

Randi Wang, Vadim Shapiro, Morad Behandish

Engineering design often involves representation in at least two levels of abstraction: the system-level, represented by lumped parameter models (LPMs), and the geometric-level, represented by distributed parameter models (DPMs). Functional design innovation commonly occurs at the system-level, followed by a geometric-level realization of functional LPM comp

M. Manav, M. Ponga, M. Ortiz

We report a new computational approach to model hard-soft block copolymers like polyurea as a liquid crystalline polymer to understand their microstructural evolution due to mechanical loading. The resulting microstructure closely resembles the microstructure observed in polyurea. The stress-strain relations in uniaxial compression and tension loading obtain

William Z. Van Benschoten, Laura Weiler, Gabriel J. Smith, Songhang Man

We present a machine learning approach to calculating electronic specific heat capacities for a variety of benchmark molecular systems. Our models are based on data from density matrix quantum Monte Carlo, which is a stochastic method that can calculate the electronic energy at finite temperature. As these energies typically have noise, numerical derivatives

N. Lyskova, E. Churazov, I. I. Khabibullin, R. Burenin

Using the data of the SRG/eROSITA all-sky survey, we stacked a sample of ~40 galaxy cluster images in the 0.3--2.3 keV band, covering the radial range up to $10\times R_{\rm 500c}$. The excess emission on top of the galactic and extragalactic X-ray backgrounds and foregrounds is detected up to $\sim 3\times R_{\rm 500c}$. At these distances, the surface brig

Mahshad Shariatnasab, Farhad Shirani, S. Sitharma Iyengar

Dataset obfuscation refers to techniques in which random noise is added to the entries of a given dataset, prior to its public release, to protect against leakage of private information. In this work, dataset obfuscation under two objectives is considered: i) rank-preservation: to preserve the row ordering in the obfuscated dataset induced by a given rank fu

Nat Levine, Miguel F. Paulos

The problem of constructing local bulk observables from boundary CFT data is of paramount importance in holography. In this work, we begin addressing this question from a modern bootstrap perspective. Our main tool is the boundary operator expansion (BOE), which holds for any QFT in AdS. Following Kabat and Lifschytz, we argue that the BOE is strongly constr

Adrian Platz, Sebastian Hell, Yinyu Zhang, Bo Ying

Above-treshold ionization (ATI) by femtosecond laser pulses centered at 515\,nm is studied for a gas mixture containing the Van-der-Waals complex Ar-H$_2$O. By detecting photoions and -electrons in coincidence, the ATI spectra for Ar, Ar$_2$, \HHO, and Ar-\HHO are discerned and measured simultaneously. Using an intensity-scanning technique, we observe the re

Rory B. B. Lucyshyn-Wright, Jason Parker

Lawvere's algebraic theories, or Lawvere theories, underpin a categorical approach to general algebra, and Lawvere's adjunction between semantics and algebraic structure leads to an equivalence between Lawvere theories and finitary monads on the category of sets. Several authors have transported these ideas to a variety of settings, including contexts of cat

Zhongtian Dong, Dorival Gonçalves, Kyoungchul Kong, Alberto Navarro

The Large Hadron Collider provides a unique opportunity to study quantum entanglement and violation of Bell inequalities at the highest energy available today. In this paper, we will investigate these quantum correlations with top quark pair production, which represents a system of two-qubits. The spacelike separation requirement for the two causally disconn

Sverre Holm

Power laws in time and frequency appear in fields such as linear viscoelasticity and acoustics, viscous boundary layer problems, and dielectrics. This is consistent with fractional derivatives in the fundamental descriptions, since power laws in time and frequency are related by the Fourier transform, and also associated with fractional derivatives. Examples

Sahoko Ishida, Francesca Panero, Wicher Bergsma

Additive Gaussian process (GP) models offer flexible tools for modelling complex non-linear relationships and interaction effects among covariates. While most studies have focused on predictive performance, relatively little attention has been given to identifying the underlying interaction structure, which may be of scientific interest in many applications.

Anbang Wu, Keyi Yin, Andrew W. Cross, Ang Li

Executing quantum applications with quantum error correction (QEC) faces the gate non-universality problem imposed by the Eastin-Knill theorem. As one resource-time-efficient solution, code switching changes the encoding of logical qubits to implement universal logical gates. Unfortunately, it is still unclear how to perform full-stack fault-tolerant quantum

Johannes von Lindheim, Gabriele Steidl

We demonstrate the relevance of an algorithm called generalized iterative scaling (GIS) or simultaneous multiplicative algebraic reconstruction technique (SMART) and its rescaled block-iterative version (RBI-SMART) in the field of optimal transport (OT). Many OT problems can be tackled through the use of entropic regularization by solving the Schr\"odinger p

Yingqiang Ge, Mostafa Rahmani, Athirai Irissappane, Jose Sepulveda

In real-world scenarios, most platforms collect both large-scale, naturally noisy implicit feedback and small-scale yet highly relevant explicit feedback. Due to the issue of data sparsity, implicit feedback is often the default choice for training recommender systems (RS), however, such data could be very noisy due to the randomness and diversity of user be

Mojtaba Vaezi, Xingqin Lin, Hongliang Zhang, Walid Saad

Modern cellular networks are multi-cell and use universal frequency reuse to maximize spectral efficiency. This results in high inter-cell interference. This problem is growing as cellular networks become three-dimensional with the adoption of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). This is because the strength and number of interference links rapidly increase due

Arash Bodaghee, Alan J. -L. Chiu, John A. Tomsick, Varun Bhalerao

We report on a timing and spectral analysis of a 50-ks NuSTAR observation of IGR J16320-4751 (= AX J1631.9-4752); a high-mass X-ray binary hosting a slowly-rotating neutron star. In this observation from 2015, the spin period was 1,308.8+/-0.4 s giving a period derivative dP/dt ~ 2E-8 s s-1 when compared with the period measured in 2004. In addition, the pul

Ting Chen, Zihao Li, Xiapu Luo, Xiaofeng Wang

Millions of smart contracts have been deployed onto Ethereum for providing various services, whose functions can be invoked. For this purpose, the caller needs to know the function signature of a callee, which includes its function id and parameter types. Such signatures are critical to many applications focusing on smart contracts, e.g., reverse engineering

Tibor Dome, Sandro Tacchella, Anastasia Fialkov, Daniel Ceverino

The recent reported discovery of a low-mass $z=5.2$ and an intermediate-mass $z=7.3$ quenched galaxy with JWST/NIRSpec is the first evidence of halted star formation above $z\approx 5$. Here we show how bursty star formation at $z=4-8$ gives rise to temporarily quenched, or mini-quenched galaxies in the mass range $M_{\star} = 10^7-10^9 \ M_{\odot}$ using fo

Fábio Wanderley, Katia Cunha, Diogo Souto, Verne V. Smith

We present a spectroscopic analysis of a sample of 48 M dwarf stars ($0.2 M_{\odot}< M < 0.6 M_{\odot}$) from the Hyades open cluster using high-resolution H-band spectra from the SDSS/APOGEE survey. Our methodology adopts spectrum synthesis with LTE MARCS model atmospheres, along with the APOGEE DR17 line list, to determine effective temperatures, surface g

Bradley W. Hindman, Rekha Jain

Within the convection zone of a rotating star, the presence of the Coriolis force stabilizes long-wavelength convective modes. These modes, which would have been unstable if the star lacked rotation, are called overstable convective modes or thermal Rossby waves. We demonstrate that the Sun's rotation rate is sufficiently rapid that the lower half of its con

Joe Huxford, Dung Xuan Nguyen, Yong Baek Kim

We examine the condensation and confinement mechanisms exhibited by a deformed toric code model proposed in [Castelnovo and Chamon, Phys. Rev. B, 2008]. The model describes both sides of a phase transition from a topological phase to a trivial phase. Our findings reveal an unconventional confinement mechanism that governs the behavior of the toric code excit

Iñigo U. Erneta

This article establishes the boundary H\"{o}lder continuity of stable solutions to semilinear elliptic problems in the optimal range of dimensions $n \leq 9$, for $C^{1,1}$ domains. We consider equations $- L u = f(u)$ in a bounded $C^{1,1}$ domain $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$, with $u = 0$ on $\partial \Omega$, where $L$ is a linear elliptic operator with

Lennart Röver, Heinrich von Campe, Maximilian Philipp Herzog, Rebecca Maria Kuntz

Non-Gaussian distributions in cosmology are commonly evaluated with Monte Carlo Markov-chain methods, as the Fisher-matrix formalism is restricted to the Gaussian case. The Metropolis-Hastings algorithm will provide samples from the posterior distribution after a burn-in period, and the corresponding convergence is usually quantified with the Gelman-Rubin cr

Carlos M. Reyes, Marco Schreck

A modification of General Relativity that is based on the gravitational Standard-Model Extension and incorporates nondynamical background fields has recently been studied via the ADM formalism. Our objective in this paper is to develop a better understanding of the additional contributions that arise on the spacetime boundary $\partial M$. An extension of th

Julien Gacon, Christa Zoufal, Giuseppe Carleo, Stefan Woerner

The imaginary-time evolution of quantum states is integral to various fields, ranging from natural sciences to classical optimization or machine learning. Since simulating quantum imaginary-time evolution generally requires storing an exponentially large wave function, quantum computers are emerging as a promising platform for this task. However, variational

Iñigo U. Erneta

We obtain a universal energy estimate up to the boundary for stable solutions of semilinear equations with variable coefficients. Namely, we consider solutions to $- L u = f(u)$, where $L$ is a linear uniformly elliptic operator and $f$ is $C^1$, such that the linearized equation $-L - f'(u)$ has nonnegative principal eigenvalue. Our main result is an estima

Gabriele Columba, Camilla Danielski, Andris Dorozsmai, Silvia Toonen

Notwithstanding the tremendous growth of the exoplanetary field in the last decade, limited attention has been paid to the planets around binary stars. Circumbinary planets (CBPs) have been discovered primarily around Main Sequence (MS) stars. No exoplanet has been found orbiting double white dwarf (DWD) binaries yet. We modelled the long-term evolution of C

Gali Shmueli, Debanjan Sarkar, Ely D. Kovetz

Massive neutrinos modify the expansion history of the universe and suppress the structure formation below their free streaming scale. Cosmic microwave background (CMB) observations at small angular scales can be used to constrain the total mass $\Sigma m_\nu$ of the three neutrino flavors. However, at these scales, the CMB-measured $\Sigma m_\nu$ is degenera

Riccardo Comi, William Harding, Noppadol Mekareeya

We study 3d theories containing $\mathcal{N}=3$ Chern-Simons vector multiplets coupled to the $\mathrm{SU}(N)^3$ flavour symmetry of 3d $T_N$ theories with Chern-Simons level $k_1$, $k_2$ and $k_3$. It was formerly pointed out that these theories flow to infrared SCFTs with enhanced $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetry when $1/k_1+1/k_2+1/k_3=0$. We examine superco

L. Bing, M. Béthermin, G. Lagache, R. Adam

Aims. Deep millimeter surveys are necessary to probe the dust-obscured galaxies at high redshift. We conducted a large observing program at 1.2 and 2 mm with the NIKA2 camera installed on the IRAM 30-meter telescope. This NIKA2 Cosmological Legacy Survey (N2CLS) covers two emblematic fields: GOODS-N and COSMOS. We introduce the N2CLS survey and present new 1

Shaouly Bar-Shalom

We propose a generic and model-independent search strategy for probing tree-level CP-violation in inclusive multi-lepton signals and we extend the standard expression for tree-level CP-violation in scattering processes at the LHC to include the cases where the initial state in not self-conjugate. We then use TeV-scale 4-fermion operators of the form $tu\ell\

N. Nicole Sanchez, Jessica K. Werk, Charlotte Christensen, O. Grace Telford

The interaction between supermassive black hole (SMBH) feedback and the circumgalactic medium (CGM) continues to be an open question in galaxy evolution. In our study, we use SPH simulations to explore the impact of SMBH feedback on galactic metal retention and the motion of metals and gas into and through the CGM of L$_{*}$ galaxies. We examine 140 galaxies

Jagatheesan Kunasaikaran, Kevin Mato, Robert Wille

Superconducting quantum hardware architectures have been designed by considering the physical constraints of the underlying physics. These general-purpose architectures leave room for customization and optimization that can be exploited with alternative architectures specific to the quantum applications that will be executed on the quantum hardware. However,

Fabian Köhler, Matthias Vojta

Non-uniform strain applied to graphene's honeycomb lattice can induce pseudo-Landau levels in the single-particle spectrum. Various generalizations have been put forward, including a particular family of hopping models in $d$ space dimensions. Here we show that the key ingredient for sharp pseudo-Landau levels in higher dimensions is dimensional reduction. W

Yusuke Fujimoto, Shu-ichiro Inutsuka, Junichi Baba

Stars in the Galactic disc, including the Solar system, have deviated from their birth orbits and have experienced radial mixing and vertical heating. By performing hydrodynamical simulations of a galactic disc, we investigate how much tracer particles, which are initially located in the disc to mimic newborn stars and the thin and thick disc stars, are disp

Nashwan Sabti, Julian B. Muñoz, Marc Kamionkowski

The early-science observations made by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) have revealed an excess of ultra-massive galaxy candidates that appear to challenge the standard cosmological model ($\Lambda$CDM). Here, we argue that any modifications to $\Lambda$CDM that can produce such ultra-massive galaxies in the early Universe would also affect the UV galax

M. Reichert, C. Winteler, O. Korobkin, A. Arcones

We present the state-of-the-art single-zone nuclear reaction network WinNet that is capable of calculating the nucleosynthetic yields of a large variety of astrophysical environments and conditions. This ranges from the calculation of the primordial nucleosynthesis, where only a few nuclei are considered, to the ejecta of neutron star mergers with several th

N. R. Cooper, Jack Kelsall

We show that for a system of localized electrons in an impurity band, which form an Anderson insulating state at zero temperature, there can appear quantum oscillations of the magnetization, i.e. the Anderson insulator can exhibit the de Haas-van Alphen effect. This is possible when the electronic band from which the localized states are formed has an extrem

Denis Wittor, Marcus Brüggen, Philipp Grete, Kamlesh Rajpurohit

Recent observations of radio relics - diffuse radio emission in galaxy clusters - have revealed that these sources are not smooth but consist of structures in the form of threads and filaments. We investigate the origin of these filamentary structures and the role of projection effects. To this end, we have developed a tool that extracts the filamentary stru

Martin Hoferichter, Jacobo Ruiz de Elvira, Bastian Kubis, Ulf-G. Meißner

In recent years, a persistent tension between phenomenological and lattice QCD determinations of the pion-nucleon $\sigma$-term $\sigma_{\pi N}$ has developed. In particular, lattice-QCD calculations have matured to the point that isospin-violating effects need to be included. Here, we point out that the standard conventions adopted in both fields are incomp

I. G. Kramarenko, J. Kerutt, A. Verhamme, P. A. Oesch

The physical conditions giving rise to high escape fractions of ionizing radiation (LyC $f_{\rm{esc}}$) in star-forming galaxies - most likely protagonists of cosmic reionization - are not yet fully understood. Using the VLT/MUSE observations of ~1400 Ly$\alpha$ emitters at 2.9 < z < 6.7, we compare stacked rest-frame UV spectra of candidates for LyC leakers

Takahiro Sudoh, John F. Beacom

Identifying the Milky Way's very high energy hadronic cosmic-ray accelerators -- the PeVatrons -- is a critical problem. While gamma-ray observations reveal promising candidate sources, neutrino detection is needed for certainty, and this has not yet been successful. Why not? There are several possibilities, as we delineated in a recent paper [T. Sudoh and J

Shankar Balasubramanian, Ethan Lake, Soonwon Choi

We present a class of exactly solvable 2D models whose ground states violate conventional beliefs about entanglement scaling in quantum matter. These beliefs are (i) that area law entanglement scaling originates from local correlations proximate to the boundary of the entanglement cut, and (ii) that ground state entanglement in 2D Hamiltonians cannot violate

Xinyu Liu, Houwen Peng, Ningxin Zheng, Yuqing Yang

Vision transformers have shown great success due to their high model capabilities. However, their remarkable performance is accompanied by heavy computation costs, which makes them unsuitable for real-time applications. In this paper, we propose a family of high-speed vision transformers named EfficientViT. We find that the speed of existing transformer mode

Taosha Fan, Joseph Ortiz, Ming Hsiao, Maurizio Monge

Scaling to arbitrarily large bundle adjustment problems requires data and compute to be distributed across multiple devices. Centralized methods in prior works are only able to solve small or medium size problems due to overhead in computation and communication. In this paper, we present a fully decentralized method that alleviates computation and communicat

Pradip Adhikari, Anuradha Wijesinghe, Anjali Rathore, Timothy Jinsoo Yoo

Sb thin films have attracted wide interests due to their tunable band structure, topological phases, and remarkable electronic properties. We successfully grow epitaxial Sb thin films on a closely lattice-matched GaSb(001) surface by molecular beam epitaxy. We find a novel anisotropic directional dependence of their structural, morphological, and electronic

Weihao Cheng, Yan-Pei Cao, Ying Shan

We study to generate novel views of indoor scenes given sparse input views. The challenge is to achieve both photorealism and view consistency. We present SparseGNV: a learning framework that incorporates 3D structures and image generative models to generate novel views with three modules. The first module builds a neural point cloud as underlying geometry,

Eric Kubischta, Ian Teixeira

Recently an algorithm has been constructed that shows the binary icosahedral group $\2I$ together with a $T$-like gate forms the most efficient single-qubit universal gate set. To carry out the algorithm fault tolerantly requires a code that implements $\ico$ transversally. However, no such code has ever been demonstrated in the literature. We fill this void

Jay Baptista, J. Xavier Prochaska, Alexandra G. Mannings, C. W. James

The Macquart relation describes the correlation between the dispersion measure (DM) of fast radio bursts (FRBs) and the redshift $z$ of their host galaxies. The scatter of the Macquart relation is sensitive to the distribution of baryons in the intergalactic medium (IGM) including those ejected from galactic halos through feedback processes. The width of the

Suzanne Petryk, Spencer Whitehead, Joseph E. Gonzalez, Trevor Darrell

The ability to judge whether a caption correctly describes an image is a critical part of vision-language understanding. However, state-of-the-art models often misinterpret the correctness of fine-grained details, leading to errors in outputs such as hallucinating objects in generated captions or poor compositional reasoning. In this work, we explore Token-L

Kai Xu, Luis Pérez-Fidalgo, Bethan L. Charles, Mark T. Weller

The exceptional optoelectronic properties of metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are presumed to arise, at least in part, from the peculiar interplay between the inorganic metal-halide sublattice and the atomic or molecular cations enclosed in the cage voids. The latter can exhibit a roto-translative dynamics, which is shown here to be at the origin of the struc

Zhaoyang Zhang, Yantao Shen, Kunyu Shi, Zhaowei Cai

We present a vision-language model whose parameters are jointly trained on all tasks and fully shared among multiple heterogeneous tasks which may interfere with each other, resulting in a single model which we named Musketeer. The integration of knowledge across heterogeneous tasks is enabled by a novel feature called Task Explanation Prompt (TEP). With ric

Thomas Flöss, P. Daniel Meerburg

We study the use of U-Nets in reconstructing the linear dark matter density field and its consequences for constraining cosmological parameters, in particular primordial non-Gaussianity. Our network is able to reconstruct the initial conditions of redshift $z=0$ density fields from N-body simulations with $90\%$ accuracy out to $k \leq 0.4$ h/Mpc, competitiv

Xianhang Li, Zeyu Wang, Cihang Xie

CLIP, one of the pioneering foundation models that connect images and text, has enabled many recent breakthroughs in computer vision. However, its associated training cost is prohibitively high, imposing a significant barrier to its widespread exploration. In this paper, we present a surprising finding that there exists an inverse scaling law for CLIP traini

Onur Galoğlu, Robert Litschko, Goran Glavaš

Massively multilingual pretrained transformers (MMTs) have tremendously pushed the state of the art on multilingual NLP and cross-lingual transfer of NLP models in particular. While a large body of work leveraged MMTs to mine parallel data and induce bilingual document embeddings, much less effort has been devoted to training general-purpose (massively) mult

Jianyi Wang, Zongsheng Yue, Shangchen Zhou, Kelvin C. K. Chan

We present a novel approach to leverage prior knowledge encapsulated in pre-trained text-to-image diffusion models for blind super-resolution (SR). Specifically, by employing our time-aware encoder, we can achieve promising restoration results without altering the pre-trained synthesis model, thereby preserving the generative prior and minimizing training co