May 2023 arXiv papers — page 87

Mengqi Huang, Zhendong Mao, Zhuowei Chen, Yongdong Zhang

Existing vector quantization (VQ) based autoregressive models follow a two-stage generation paradigm that first learns a codebook to encode images as discrete codes, and then completes generation based on the learned codebook. However, they encode fixed-size image regions into fixed-length codes and ignore their naturally different information densities, whi

N. L. Chuprikov

It is shown that non-stationary solutions of the Schr\"{o}dinger equation, which describes the quantum dynamics of a particle in the field of a one-dimensional delta potential (1DDP), are divided into two classes: some define pure states that have no free dynamics as $t\to\mp\infty$; others define states with asymptotically free dynamics but represent mixed

Levent Guvenc, Bilin Aksun-Guvenc

Significant changes are occurring in the field of vehicle dynamics control. Consequently, vehicle dynamics control systems are expected to be as common as ABS systems in the near future. This paper focuses on the information technology related requirements posed by these advances in the area of vehicle dynamics control. Topics considered include vehicle dyna

Xinyi Li, Hu Cao, Yinlong Liu, Xueli Liu

Estimating the rigid transformation between two LiDAR scans through putative 3D correspondences is a typical point cloud registration paradigm. Current 3D feature matching approaches commonly lead to numerous outlier correspondences, making outlier-robust registration techniques indispensable. Many recent studies have adopted the branch and bound (BnB) optim

Xiyao Jin, Yao Hao, Jessica Hilliard, Zhehao Zhang

To safely deploy deep learning models in the clinic, a quality assurance framework is needed for routine or continuous monitoring of input-domain shift and the models' performance without ground truth contours. In this work, cardiac substructure segmentation was used as an example task to establish a QA framework. A benchmark dataset consisting of Computed T

Maarten Kwaaitaal, Daniel G Lourens, Carl S. Davies, Andrei Kirilyuk

Strong light-matter interaction constitutes the bedrock of all photonic applications, empowering material elements with the ability to create and mediate interactions of light with light. Amidst the quest to identify new agents facilitating such efficient light-matter interactions, a class of promising materials have emerged featuring highly unusual properti

Sukanya Samanta, Jatin Uniyal, Goutam Sen, Soumya Kanti Ghosh

We consider the escape interdiction problem in a transportation network. In the absence of traffic in the network, the criminal/attacker tries to escape from the city using any of the shortest paths from the crime scene to any randomly chosen exit point. In the presence of traffic, the attacker chooses the optimal path, which takes minimum time to reach his

Aram Avetisyan, Shahane Tigranyan, Ariana Asatryan, Olga Mashkova

Numerous studies are aimed at diagnosing heart diseases based on 12-lead electrocardiographic (ECG) records using deep learning methods. These studies usually use specific datasets that differ in size and parameters, such as patient metadata, number of doctors annotating ECGs, types of devices for ECG recording, data preprocessing techniques, etc. It is well

Junyeong Ahn

The topological singularity of the Bloch states close to the Fermi level significantly enhances nonlinear electric responses in topological semimetals. Here, we systematically characterize this enhancement for a large class of topological nodal-point fermions, including those with linear, linear-quadratic, and quadratic dispersions. Specifically, we determin

M. Ashry, S. Khalil, S. Moretti

The detection of a heavy neutral CP-even Higgs boson of the $B-L$ Supersymmetric Standard Model (BLSSM), $h'$, with $m_{h'}\simeq 400~\text{GeV}$, at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) for a center-of-mass energy of $\sqrt{s}=14~\text{TeV}$, is investigated. The following production and decay channels are considered: $gg\to h'\to{ZZ}\to4\ell$ and $gg\to h'\to{W

Igor Kachaev, IHEP

Suggested by Au, Morgan, Pennington (AMP) S-wave isospin I=0 $\pi\pi$, $KK$ scattering amplitude is good enough to describe experimental data for the moment. Still it has two disadvantages for use in multiparticle partial wave analysis (PWA), namely sharp drop at the $KK$ threshold and unreasonable behavior at $M(\pi\pi) > 1.6\,GeV/c^2$. The drop is not seen

Hayeong Song, Gonzalo Ramos, Peter Bodik

Creating Computer Vision (CV) models remains a complex practice, despite their ubiquity. Access to data, the requirement for ML expertise, and model opacity are just a few points of complexity that limit the ability of end-users to build, inspect, and improve these models. Interactive ML perspectives have helped address some of these issues by considering a

Ishaan Sood, Christophe del Fosse et d'Espierres, Johan Meyers

We develop a methodology for combined power and loads optimization by coupling a surrogate loads model with an analytical quasi-static Gaussian wake merging model. The look-up table based fatigue model is developed offline through a series of OpenFast simulations, covering different operational states of a DTU 10 MW reference wind turbine, and verified again

Detlev Buchholz, Klaus Fredenhagen

Based on the hypothesis that the (non-reversible) arrow of time is intrinsic in any system, no matter how small, the consequences are discussed. Within the framework of local quantum physics it is shown how such a semi-group action of time can consistently be extended to that of the group of spacetime translations in Minkowski space. In presence of massless

F. F. Nascimento, V. B. Bezerra, J. M. Toledo

We obtain the metric corresponding to the Hayward black hole spacetime surrounded by a cloud of strings and investigate the role played by this cloud on the horizons, geodesics, effective potential and thermodynamics. We compare the obtained results with the ones of the literature, corresponding to the Hayward black hole, when the cloud of strings is absent.

Mario Giulianelli, Joris Baan, Wilker Aziz, Raquel Fernández

In Natural Language Generation (NLG) tasks, for any input, multiple communicative goals are plausible, and any goal can be put into words, or produced, in multiple ways. We characterise the extent to which human production varies lexically, syntactically, and semantically across four NLG tasks, connecting human production variability to aleatoric or data unc

M. Pardo-Sainz, F. Cova, J. A. Rodríguez-Velamazán, I. Puente-Orench

Low-temperature neutron diffraction experiments at P = 8 GPa have been conducted to investigate the magnetic structures of metallic Holmium at high pressures by employing a long d-spacing highflux diffractometer and a Paris-Edinburgh press cell inside a cryostat. We find that at P = 8 GPa and T = 5 K, no nuclear symmetry change is observed, keeping therefore

A. N. Petrov

A presentation of the Vaidya type Schwarzschild-like black holes with flat, AdS and dS asymptotics in 4-dimensional general relativity in the form of a pointlike mass is given. True singularities are described by making the use of the Dirac $\delta$-function in a non-contradictory way. The results essentially generalize previous derivations where the usual S

K. M. Aggarwal, K. W. Smith

In a recent paper, Wang and Jiang (At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 148 (2022) 101532) have reported data for energy levels, radiative rates (A-values), and effective collision strengths ($\Upsilon$) for some transitions of five Al-like ions, namely Ga~XIX, Ge~XX, As~XXI, Se~XXII, and Br~XXIII. On a closer examination we find that their reported data for energy le

Thomaz F. S. Bastiaanssen, Thomas P. Quinn, Amy Loughman

The microbiome-gut-brain-axis field is multidisciplinary, benefiting from the expertise of microbiology, ecology, psychiatry, computational biology, and epidemiology amongst other disciplines. As the field matures and moves beyond a basic demonstration of its relevance, it is critical that study design and analysis are robust and foster reproducibility. In t

E. I. Jafarov, S. M. Nagiyev

Dynamical symmetry algebra for a semiconfined harmonic oscillator model with a position-dependent effective mass is constructed. Selecting the starting point as a well-known factorization method of the Hamiltonian under consideration, we have found three basis elements of this algebra. The algebra defined through those basis elements is a $\mathfrak{su}\left

Alžběta Manová, Aiden Durrant, Georgios Leontidis

The recent emergence of Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) as a fundamental paradigm for learning image representations has, and continues to, demonstrate high empirical success in a variety of tasks. However, most SSL approaches fail to learn embeddings that capture hierarchical semantic concepts that are separable and interpretable. In this work, we aim to lea

Ruyu Li, Wenhao Deng, Yu Cheng, Zheng Yuan

Text-based collaborative filtering (TCF) has emerged as the prominent technique for text and news recommendation, employing language models (LMs) as text encoders to represent items. However, the current landscape of TCF models mainly relies on the utilization of relatively small or medium-sized LMs. The potential impact of using larger, more powerful langua

Davide Rigoni, Nicolò Navarin, Alessandro Sperduti

Identifying molecules that exhibit some pre-specified properties is a difficult problem to solve. In the last few years, deep generative models have been used for molecule generation. Deep Graph Variational Autoencoders are among the most powerful machine learning tools with which it is possible to address this problem. However, existing methods struggle in

Maximilian Sommer

The term `$\alpha$-meteoroid' was introduced to describe a group of micrometeoroids with certain dynamical properties, which -- alongside the group of the $\beta$-meteoroids -- had been identified by the first generation of reliable in-situ dust detectors in interplanetary space. In recent years, use of the term $\alpha$-meteoroid has become more frequent ag

Jean-Bernard Bru, Nathan Metraud

Quadratic Hamiltonians are important in quantum field theory and quantum statistical mechanics. Their general studies, which go back to the sixties, are relatively incomplete for the fermionic case studied here. Following Berezin, they are quadratic in the fermionic field and in this way well-defined self-adjoint operators acting on the fermionic Fock space.

Pramod N. Achar, Simon Riche

In this paper we generalize and study a notion of (unipotent) nearby cycles over a higher dimensional base based on Be\u{i}linson's description of unipotent nearby cycles, following an idea of Gaitsgory. This generalization, in the setting of affine Grassmannians, is required in recent work of Bezrukavnikov-Braverman-Finkelberg-Kazhdan.

Wren A. Yamada, Osamu Morimatsu, Toru Sato, Koichi Yazaki

We investigate the survival probability of unstable states, the time-dependence of an initial state, in coupled channels. First, we extend the formulation of the survival probability from single channel to coupled channels (two channels). We derive an exact general expression of the two-channel survival probability using uniformization, a method which makes

Chaitanya Malaviya, Peter Shaw, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee

Formulating selective information needs results in queries that implicitly specify set operations, such as intersection, union, and difference. For instance, one might search for "shorebirds that are not sandpipers" or "science-fiction films shot in England". To study the ability of retrieval systems to meet such information needs, we construct QUEST, a data

Javier Sánchez González

We introduce a notion of proper morphism for schematic finite spaces and prove the analogue of Grothendieck's finiteness theorem for it by means of the classic result for schemes and general descent arguments. This result also generalizes the class of morphisms of schemes for which the conclusion of the aforementioned Theorem holds. The key is giving a weake

Long Bai, Mobarakol Islam, Lalithkumar Seenivasan, Hongliang Ren

Despite the availability of computer-aided simulators and recorded videos of surgical procedures, junior residents still heavily rely on experts to answer their queries. However, expert surgeons are often overloaded with clinical and academic workloads and limit their time in answering. For this purpose, we develop a surgical question-answering system to fac

P. Antolin, A. Dolliou, F. Auchère, L. P. Chitta

Coronal rain is the most dramatic cooling phenomenon of the solar corona and an essential diagnostic tool for the coronal heating properties. A puzzling feature of the solar corona, besides the heating, is its EUV filamentary structure and variability. We aim to identify observable features of the TNE-TI scenario underlying coronal rain at small and large sp

Yuzhou Fang, Chao Zhang, Junli Zhang

We prove interior boundedness and H\"{o}lder continuity for the weak solutions of nonlocal double phase equations in the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^n$. This solves a problem raised by Palatucci and Piccinini et. al. in 2022 and 2023 for nonlinear integro-differential problems in the Heisenberg group $\mathbb{H}^n$. Our proof of the a priori estiamtes bases

Ted Dobson

We introduce a new class of transitive permutation groups which properly contains the automorphism groups of vertex-transitive graphs and digraphs. We then give a sufficient condition for a quotient of this family to remain in the family, showing that relatively straightforward induction arguments may possibly be used to solve problems in this family, and co

Moallison F. Cavalcante, S. Bag, I. Paul, A. Sacuto

We study the Raman response, for $B_{1g}$ and $B_{2g}$ light-polarization symmetries, of the charge density wave phase appearing in the underdoped region of cuprate superconductors. We show that the $B_{2g}$ response provides a distinctive signature of the charge order, independently of the details of the electronic structure and from the concomitant presenc

John C. Martin, Roberta M. Humphreys, Kerstin Weis, Dominik J. Bohmans

The evolutionary relationships and mechanisms governing the behavior of the wide variety of luminous stars populating the upper H-R diagram are not well established. Luminous blue variables (LBVs) are particularly rare, with only a few dozen identified in the Milky Way and nearby galaxies. Since 2012, the Barber Observatory Luminous Stars Survey has monitore

Guankun Wang, Tian-Ao Ren, Jiewen Lai, Long Bai

Robotic-assisted tracheal intubation requires the robot to distinguish anatomical features like an experienced physician using deep-learning techniques. However, real datasets of oropharyngeal organs are limited due to patient privacy issues, making it challenging to train deep-learning models for accurate image segmentation. We hereby consider generating a

Kangwook Jang, Sungnyun Kim, Se-Young Yun, Hoirin Kim

Transformer-based speech self-supervised learning (SSL) models, such as HuBERT, show surprising performance in various speech processing tasks. However, huge number of parameters in speech SSL models necessitate the compression to a more compact model for wider usage in academia or small companies. In this study, we suggest to reuse attention maps across the

Kodjo Mawuena Amekoe, Mohamed Djallel Dilmi, Hanene Azzag, Mustapha Lebbah

Apart from the high accuracy of machine learning models, what interests many researchers in real-life problems (e.g., fraud detection, credit scoring) is to find hidden patterns in data; particularly when dealing with their challenging imbalanced characteristics. Interpretability is also a key requirement that needs to accompany the used machine learning mod

Aki Härmä, Ulf Grossekathöfer, Okke Ouweltjes, Venkata Srikanth Nallanthighal

Respiratory chest belt sensor can be used to measure the respiratory rate and other respiratory health parameters. Virtual Respiratory Belt, VRB, algorithms estimate the belt sensor waveform from speech audio. In this paper we compare the detection of inspiration events (IE) from respiratory belt sensor data using a novel neural VRB algorithm and the detecti

BESIII Collaboration, M. Ablikim, M. N. Achasov, P. Adlarson

Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb$^{-1}$ collected at a center-of-mass energy of 3.773~GeV with the BESIII detector at the BEPCII collider, we search for a scalar partner of the $X(3872)$, denoted as $X(3700)$, via $\psi(3770)\to \gamma\eta\eta'$ and $\gamma\pi^{+}\pi^{-}J/\psi$ processes. No significant signals are obs

Li Ding, Edward Pantridge, Lee Spector

Lexicase selection is a widely used parent selection algorithm in genetic programming, known for its success in various task domains such as program synthesis, symbolic regression, and machine learning. Due to its non-parametric and recursive nature, calculating the probability of each individual being selected by lexicase selection has been proven to be an

Xiaona Fang, Yaojun Chen, Lihua You

The Tur\'an number of a graph $H$, denoted by $ex(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in any graph on $n$ vertices containing no $H$ as a subgraph. A linear (star) forest is a forest consisting of paths (stars). A path-star forest $F$ is a forest consisting of paths and stars. In this paper, we determine $ex(n,F)$ for sufficiently large $n$ and characteriz

The CREMA Collaboration, Karsten Schuhmann, Luis M. P. Fernandes, François Nez

Hydrogen-like light muonic ions, in which one negative muon replaces all the electrons, are extremely sensitive probes of nuclear structure, because the large muon mass increases tremendously the wave function overlap with the nucleus. Using pulsed laser spectroscopy we have measured three 2S-2P transitions in the muonic helium-3 ion ($\mu^3$He$^+$), an ion

Ming Xu, Defang Duan, Wendi Zhao, Decheng An

The search for high-temperature superconductors in hydrides under high pressure has always been a research hotspot. Hydrogen-based superconductors offer an avenue to achieve the long-sought goal of superconductivity at room temperature. We systematically explore the high-pressure phase diagram, electronic properties, lattice dynamics and superconductivity of

Yanhui Zhang

LCD BCH codes are an important class of cyclic codes which have efficient encoding and decoding algorithms, but their parameters are difficult to determine. The objective of this paper is to study the LCD BCH codes of length $n=\frac{q^{m}+1}{\lambda}$, where $\lambda\mid (q+1)$ is an integer. Several types of LCD BCH codes with good parameters are presented

Xintian Shen, Jiangning Zhang, Jun Chen, Shipeng Bai

Image harmonization aims to solve the visual inconsistency problem in composited images by adaptively adjusting the foreground pixels with the background as references. Existing methods employ local color transformation or region matching between foreground and background, which neglects powerful proximity prior and independently distinguishes fore-/back-gro

Zijiao Chen, Jiaxin Qing, Juan Helen Zhou

Reconstructing human vision from brain activities has been an appealing task that helps to understand our cognitive process. Even though recent research has seen great success in reconstructing static images from non-invasive brain recordings, work on recovering continuous visual experiences in the form of videos is limited. In this work, we propose Mind-Vid

Neil Shah, Vishal Tambrahalli, Saiteja Kosgi, Niranjan Pedanekar

We present MParrotTTS, a unified multilingual, multi-speaker text-to-speech (TTS) synthesis model that can produce high-quality speech. Benefiting from a modularized training paradigm exploiting self-supervised speech representations, MParrotTTS adapts to a new language with minimal supervised data and generalizes to languages not seen while training the sel

Jai Prakash, Michele Vignati, Edoardo Sabbioni

Vehicle teleoperation has numerous potential applications, including serving as a backup solution for autonomous vehicles, facilitating remote delivery services, and enabling hazardous remote operations. However, complex urban scenarios, limited situational awareness, and network delay increase the cognitive workload of human operators and degrade teleoperat

Seraphina Goldfarb-Tarrant, Adam Lopez, Roi Blanco, Diego Marcheggiani

Sentiment analysis (SA) systems are used in many products and hundreds of languages. Gender and racial biases are well-studied in English SA systems, but understudied in other languages, with few resources for such studies. To remedy this, we build a counterfactual evaluation corpus for gender and racial/migrant bias in four languages. We demonstrate its use

Torben Sell, Thomas B. Berrett, Timothy I. Cannings

We introduce a new nonparametric framework for classification problems in the presence of missing data. The key aspect of our framework is that the regression function decomposes into an anova-type sum of orthogonal functions, of which some (or even many) may be zero. Working under a general missingness setting, which allows features to be missing not at ran

Jordan Gué, Aurélien Hees, Jérôme Lodewyck, Rodolphe Le Targat

We propose a novel experiment to search for dark matter, based on the application of an electric field inside a microwave cavity and electrometry using Rydberg atoms. We show that this kind of experiment could be extremely useful for detecting specific dark matter candidates, namely massive vector fields coupled to the photon field, more commonly known as da

Habib Ammari, Erik Orvehed Hiltunen, Thea Kosche

The aim of this article is to advance the field of metamaterials by proposing formulas for the design of high-contrast metamaterials with prescribed subwavelength defect mode eigenfrequencies. This is achieved in two settings: (i) design of non-hermitian static materials and (ii) design of instantly changing non-hermitian time-dependent materials. The design

Antonio Canale, Luisa Galtarossa, Davide Risso, Lorenzo Schiavon

Single-cell gene expression data are often characterized by large matrices, where the number of cells may be lower than the number of genes of interest. Factorization models have emerged as powerful tools to condense the available information through a sparse decomposition into lower rank matrices. In this work, we adapt and implement a recent Bayesian class

Juan Ammerman-Yebra, Jaime Alvarez-Muñiz, Enrique Zas

We have studied the effect of changing the density and magnetic field strength in the coherent pulses that are emitted as energetic showers develop in the atmosphere. For this purpose we have developed an extension of ZHS, a program to calculate coherent radio pulses from electromagnetic showers in homogeneous media, to account for the Lorentz force due to a

Elisabeth Henkel, Jochen Hoenicke, Tanja Schindler

We present a generic tree-interpolation algorithm in the SMT context with quantifiers. The algorithm takes a proof of unsatisfiability using resolution and quantifier instantiation and computes interpolants (which may contain quantifiers). Arbitrary SMT theories are supported, as long as each theory itself supports tree interpolation for its lemmas. In parti

Michel Cure, Ignacio Araya

Mass loss from massive stars plays a determining role in their evolution through the upper Hertzsprung-Russell diagram. The hydrodynamic theory that describes their steady-state winds is the line-driven wind theory (m-CAK). From this theory, the mass loss rate and the velocity profile of the wind can be derived, and estimating these properly will have a prof

Tulasi Kavarakuntla, Liangxiu Han, Huw Lloyd, Annabel Latham

Performance modelling of a deep learning application is essential to improve and quantify the efficiency of the model framework. However, existing performance models are mostly case-specific, with limited capability for the new deep learning frameworks/applications. In this paper, we propose a generic performance model of an application in a distributed envi

Jingyuan Zhu, Huimin Ma, Jiansheng Chen, Jian Yuan

Realistic and diverse 3D shape generation is helpful for a wide variety of applications such as virtual reality, gaming, and animation. Modern generative models, such as GANs and diffusion models, learn from large-scale datasets and generate new samples following similar data distributions. However, when training data is limited, deep neural generative netwo

Xenia Ohmer, Elia Bruni, Dieuwke Hupkes

At the staggering pace with which the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) are increasing, creating future-proof evaluation sets to assess their understanding becomes more and more challenging. In this paper, we propose a novel paradigm for evaluating LLMs which leverages the idea that correct world understanding should be consistent across different

Daizhan Cheng, Min Meng, Xiao Zhang, Zhengping Ji

An equivalent definition of hypermatrices is introduced. The matrix expression of hypermatrices is proposed. Using permutation matrices, the conversion of different matrix expressions is revealed. The various contracted products of hypermatrices are realized by semi-tensor products (STP) of matrices via matrix expressions of hypermatrices.

Junhyung Park, Simon Buchholz, Bernhard Schölkopf, Krikamol Muandet

Causality is a central concept in a wide range of research areas, yet there is still no universally agreed axiomatisation of causality. We view causality both as an extension of probability theory and as a study of \textit{what happens when one intervenes on a system}, and argue in favour of taking Kolmogorov's measure-theoretic axiomatisation of probability

Kamlesh Bora, Satyam Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Ramit Bhattacharyya

We present a novel Hall magnetohydrodynamics (HMHD) numerical simulation of a three-dimensional (3D) magnetic flux rope (MFR) -- generated by magnetic reconnections from an initial 3D bipolar sheared field. Magnetic reconnections during the HMHD evolution are compared with the MHD. In both simulations, the MFRs generate as a consequence of the magnetic recon

R. M. G. M. Trines, H. Schmitz, M. King, P. McKenna

In previous studies of spin-to-orbital angular momentum (AM) conversion in laser high harmonic generation (HHG) using a plasma target, one unit of spin AM is always converted into precisely one unit of OAM [1, 2]. Here we show, through analytic theory and numerical simulations, that we can exchange one unit of SAM for a tuneable amount of OAM per harmonic st

Lea Lautenbacher, Vinayak Jagadish, Francesco Petruccione, Nadja K. Bernardes

This study delves into the efficacy of the Petz recovery map within the context of two paradigmatic quantum channels: dephasing and amplitude-damping. While prior investigations have predominantly focused on qubits, our research extends this inquiry to higher-dimensional systems. We introduce a novel, state-independent framework based on the Choi-Jamio{\l}ko

Mingyu Guo, Diksha Goel, Guanhua Wang, Yong Yang

We study the excludable public project model where the decision is binary (build or not build). In a classic excludable and binary public project model, an agent either consumes the project in its whole or is completely excluded. We study a setting where the mechanism can set different project release time for different agents, in the sense that high-paying

Mohamed Rossafi, Abdelkarim Kari, Arsalan Hojjat Ansari

In this paper, inspired by the concept of generalized weakly contractive mappings in metric spaces, we introduce C-Class function and fixed point theory for weakly contractive in the setting of rectangular $b$-metric spaces and established existence and uniqueness of fixed points for the mappings introduced.

H. S. P. Müller, R. T. Garrod, A. Belloche, V. M. Rivilla

Methylamine has been the only simple alkylamine detected in the interstellar medium for a long time. With the recent secure and tentative detections of vinylamine and ethylamine, respectively, dimethylamine has become a promising target for searches in space. Its rotational spectrum, however, has been known only up to 45 GHz until now. Here we investigate th

Bhaskar Biswas, Dmitry Ignatyev, Argyrios Zolotas, Antonios Tsourdos

Appropriate estimation of Region of Attraction for a nonlinear dynamical system plays a key role in system analysis and control design. Sum-of-Squares optimization is a powerful tool enabling Region of Attraction estimation for polynomial dynamical systems. Employment of a positive definite function called shape function within the Sum-of-Squares procedure h

Rui Song, Lingjuan Lyu, Wei Jiang, Andreas Festag

Machine learning (ML) has revolutionized transportation systems, enabling autonomous driving and smart traffic services. Federated learning (FL) overcomes privacy constraints by training ML models in distributed systems, exchanging model parameters instead of raw data. However, the dynamic states of connected vehicles affect the network connection quality an

Pierre Auclair, Stanislav Babak, Hippolyte Quelquejay Leclere, Danièle A. Steer

Cosmic string cusps are sources of short-lived, linearly polarised gravitational wave bursts which can be searched for in gravitational wave detectors. We assess the capability of LISA to detect these bursts using the latest LISA configuration and operational assumptions. For such short bursts, we verify that LISA can be considered as ``frozen", namely that

Marcelo Simoes, Mohammed Elmusrati, Tero Vartiainen, Mike Mekkanen

A new paradigm of electricity generation at the distribution level, with renewable and alternative sources, is possible with microgrids. The main idea is to have microgrids deployed on low- or medium-voltage active distribution networks. They can be advantageous in many different ways, such as improving the energy efficiency and reliability of the system and

Pengfei Shen, Yulin Shao, Haoyuan Pan, Lu Lu

This paper puts forth a new metric, dubbed channel cycle time (CCT), to measure the short-term fairness of communication networks. CCT characterizes the average duration between two consecutive successful transmissions of a user, during which all other users successfully accessed the channel at least once. In contrast to existing short-term fairness measures

Mingtian Zhang, Alex Hawkins-Hooker, Brooks Paige, David Barber

Energy-Based Models (EBMs) offer a versatile framework for modeling complex data distributions. However, training and sampling from EBMs continue to pose significant challenges. The widely-used Denoising Score Matching (DSM) method for scalable EBM training suffers from inconsistency issues, causing the energy model to learn a `noisy' data distribution. In t

CMS Collaboration

A search for dark matter in events with a displaced nonresonant muon pair and missing transverse momentum is presented. The analysis is performed using an integrated luminosity of 138 fb$^{-1}$ of proton-proton (pp) collision data at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV produced by the LHC in 2016-2018. No significant excess over the predicted backgrounds is ob

Mayowa Ayodele, Richard Allmendinger, Manuel López-Ibáñez, Arnaud Liefooghe

Multi-objective optimisation problems involve finding solutions with varying trade-offs between multiple and often conflicting objectives. Ising machines are physical devices that aim to find the absolute or approximate ground states of an Ising model. To apply Ising machines to multi-objective problems, a weighted sum objective function is used to convert m

Petar Andrejic, Leon Merten Lohse, Adriana Palffy

Thin-film nanostructures with embedded M\"ossbauer nuclei have been successfully used for x-ray quantum optical applications with hard x-rays coupling in grazing incidence. Here we address theoretically a new geometry, in which hard x-rays are coupled in forward incidence (front coupling), setting the stage for waveguide QED with nuclear x-ray resonances. We

Pablo Álvarez-Caudevilla, Cristina Brändle, Devashish Sonowal

We establish the existence of positive solutions for a system of coupled fourth-order partial differential equations on a bounded domain $\Omega \subset \mathbb{R}^n$\begin{align*} \left\{\begin{array}{l} \Delta^2u_1 +\beta_1 \Delta u_1-\alpha_1 u_1=f_1({ x},u_1,u_2),\\\Delta^2 u_2+\beta_2\Delta u_2-\alpha_2 u_2=f_2({ x},u_1,u_2), \end{array} \quad \quad x\i

Josef Dick, Adrian Ebert, Lukas Herrmann, Peter Kritzer

We study the approximation of integrals $\int_D f(\boldsymbol{x}^\top A) \mathrm{d} \mu(\boldsymbol{x})$, where $A$ is a matrix, by quasi-Monte Carlo (QMC) rules $N^{-1} \sum_{k=0}^{N-1} f(\boldsymbol{x}_k^\top A)$. We are interested in cases where the main cost arises from calculating the products $\boldsymbol{x}_k^\top A$. We design QMC rules for which the

Bogdan S. Chlebus, Dariusz R. Kowalski, Jan Olkowski

We develop deterministic algorithms for the problems of consensus, gossiping and checkpointing with nodes prone to failing. Distributed systems are modeled as synchronous complete networks. Failures are represented either as crashes or authenticated Byzantine faults. The algorithmic goal is to have both linear running time and linear amount of communication

Dayi Dong, Henry Berger, Ian Abraham

Robots with the ability to balance time against the thoroughness of search have the potential to provide time-critical assistance in applications such as search and rescue. Current advances in ergodic coverage-based search methods have enabled robots to completely explore and search an area in a fixed amount of time. However, optimizing time against the qual

Ryo Nagai, Shu Kanno, Yuki Sato, Naoki Yamamoto

The quantum channel decomposition techniques, which contain the so-called probabilistic error cancellation and gate/wire cutting, are powerful approach for simulating a hard-to-implement (or an ideal) unitary operation by concurrently executing relatively easy-to-implement (or noisy) quantum channels. However, such virtual simulation necessitates an exponent

Stefano Biagi, Marco Bramanti, Bianca Stroffolini

We consider degenerate KFP operators \[ Lu=\sum_{i,j=1}^{m_{0}}a_{ij}(x,t)\partial_{x_{i}x_{j}}^{2}u+\sum_{k,j=1}^{N}b_{jk}x_{k}\partial_{x_{j}}u-\partial_{t}u\equiv\sum_{i,j=1}^{m_{0}}a_{ij}(x,t)\partial_{x_{i}x_{j}}^{2}u+Yu \] ($(x,t)\in\mathbb{R}^{N+1}$, $1\leq m_{0}\leq N$) s.t. the model operator having constant $a_{ij}$ is hypoelliptic, translation inv

Meijia Shao, Yuan Zhang

This paper studies the open problem of conformalized entry prediction in a row/column-exchangeable matrix. The matrix setting presents novel and unique challenges, but there exists little work on this interesting topic. We meticulously define the problem, differentiate it from closely related problems, and rigorously delineate the boundary between achievable

Mohsen Ghaffari, Julian Portmann

We present randomized distributed algorithms for the maximal independent set problem (MIS) that, while keeping the time complexity nearly matching the best known, reduce the energy complexity substantially. These algorithms work in the standard CONGEST model of distributed message passing with $O(\log n)$ bit messages. The time complexity measures the number

Mikhail Fomichev

The massive streams of Internet of Things (IoT) data require a timely analysis to retain data usefulness. Stream processing systems (SPSs) enable this task, deriving knowledge from the IoT data in real-time. Such real-time analytics benefits many applications but can also be used to violate user privacy, as the IoT data collected from users or their vicinity

Chiara Sarti, Jamie Vicary

We now have a wide range of proof assistants available for compositional reasoning in monoidal or higher categories which are free on some generating signature. However, none of these allow us to represent categorical operations such as products, equalizers, and similar logical techniques. Here we show how the foundational mathematical formalism of one such

Christopher Aykroyd, Adrien Bourgoin, Christophe Le Poncin-Lafitte, Stéphane Mathis

The presence of strong large-scale stable magnetic fields in a significant portion of early-type stars, white dwarfs, and neutron stars is well established. Despite this, the origins of these fields remain unresolved, with leading propositions advocating fossil fields, mergers, and shear-driven dynamos as the main mechanism. A potential key for further insig

Emilian Dudas, Tony Gherghetta, Keith A. Olive, Sarunas Verner

We explore possible extensions of the Weak Gravity Conjecture (WGC) to scalar field theories. To avoid charged black hole remnants, the WGC requires the existence of a particle with a mass $m < g q M_P$, with charge $q$ and U(1) gauge coupling $g$, allowing the decay to shed the black hole charge. Although there is no obvious problem that arises in the absen

Fleurianne Bertrand, Henrik Schneider

A nonlinear sea-ice problem is considered in a least-squares finite element setting. The corresponding variational formulation approximating simultaneously the stress tensor and the velocity is analysed. In particular, the least-squares functional is coercive and continuous in an appropriate solution space and this proves the well-posedness of the problem. A

Keisuke Konosu, Yuji Okawa

We extend the formula for correlation functions of scalar field theories in terms of quantum $A_{\infty}$ algebras, presented in arXiv:2203.05366, to incorporate Dirac fields. We use a description that is analogous to string field theory, and the formula for correlation functions takes the same form for both scalar fields and Dirac fields. We prove that corr

Shashi Raj Pandey, Van Phuc Bui, Petar Popovski

We treat the problem of client selection in a Federated Learning (FL) setup, where the learning objective and the local incentives of the participants are used to formulate a goal-oriented communication problem. Specifically, we incorporate the risk-averse nature of participants and obtain a communication-efficient on-device performance, while relying on fee

Elham Kiyani, Hamidreza Yazdani Sarvestani, Hossein Ravanbakhsh, Razyeh Behbahani

Topologically interlocking architectures can generate tough ceramics with attractive thermo-mechanical properties. This concept can make the material design pathway a challenging task, since modeling the whole design space is neither effective nor feasible. We propose an approach to design high-performance architectured ceramics using machine learning (ML) w

Risako Kikuchi, Ai Yamakage

We theoretically study the quantum transport in a three-dimensional spin-1 chiral fermion system in the presence of coulomb impurities based on the self-consistent Born approximation. We find that the flat-band states anomalously enhance the screening effect, and the electrical conductivity is increased in the low-energy region. It is also found that reducin

Blayney W. Walshe, Rafael N. Alexander, Takaya Matsuura, Ben Q. Baragiola

Optical continuous-variable cluster states (CVCSs) in combination with Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill~(GKP) qubits enable fault-tolerant quantum computation so long as these resources are of high enough quality. Previous studies concluded that a particular CVCS, the quad rail lattice~(QRL), exhibits lower GKP gate-error rate than others do. We show in this work t

Roson Nongthombam, Pooja Kumari Gupta, Amarendra K. Sarma

We study the quantum transduction of a superconducting qubit to an optical photon in electro-optomechanical and electro-optomagnonical systems. The electro-optomechanical system comprises a flux-tunable transmon qubit coupled to a suspended mechanical beam, which then couples to an optical cavity. Similarly, in an electro-optomagnonical system, a flux-tunabl

Sumaita Sultana, Golam Ali Sekh

We consider spin-orbit coupled Bose Einstein Condensate in presence of linear and nonlinear optical lattices within the framework of quasi-one-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. The population imbalance between the states changes periodically with time and the oscillation amplitude depends sensitively on the initial phase. The optical lattice is found to

Xinyin Ma, Gongfan Fang, Xinchao Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have shown remarkable capabilities in language understanding and generation. However, such impressive capability typically comes with a substantial model size, which presents significant challenges in both the deployment, inference, and training stages. With LLM being a general-purpose task solver, we explore its compression in a

Anton Tikhonov, Nikita Sorokin, Dmitry Abulkhanov, Irina Piontkovskaya

We consider the well-known and important tasks of clone detection and information retrieval for source code. The most standard setup is to search clones inside the same language code snippets. But it is also useful to find code snippets with identical behaviour in different programming languages. Nevertheless multi- and cross-lingual clone detection has been