July 2023 arXiv papers — page 139

Enfa George, Mihai Surdeanu

We introduce SexTok, a multi-modal dataset composed of TikTok videos labeled as sexually suggestive (from the annotator's point of view), sex-educational content, or neither. Such a dataset is necessary to address the challenge of distinguishing between sexually suggestive content and virtual sex education videos on TikTok. Children's exposure to sexually su

Mokshagna Sai Teja Karanam, Tushar Kataria, Krithika Iyer, Shireen Elhabian

Statistical shape models (SSM) have been well-established as an excellent tool for identifying variations in the morphology of anatomy across the underlying population. Shape models use consistent shape representation across all the samples in a given cohort, which helps to compare shapes and identify the variations that can detect pathologies and help in fo

O. Hryhorenko, C. Z. Antoine, T. Proslier, F. Eozenou

This paper is an overview of the metallographic polishing R&D program covering Niobium and Copper substrates treatment for thin film coating as an alternative fabrication pathway for 1.3 GHz elliptical cavities. The presented research is the result of a collaborative effort between IJCLab, CEA/Irfu, HZB, and KEK in order to develop innovative surface process

A. R. Mirotin

In the paper the general case of a normal discrete Hausdorff operators in $L^2(\mathbb{R}^d)$ is considered. The main result states that under some natural arithmetic condition the spectrum of such an operator is rotationally invariant. Several special cases and examples are considered.

Jihai Zhu

Expanding upon the widely recognized notion of mathematical universality in Turing machines, a concept of thermodynamic universality in Turing machines is introduced. Under the physical Church-Turing thesis, the existence of a thermodynamically universal Turing machine (TUTM) is demonstrated. A TUTM not only has the capability to simulate the input-output be

Albha O'Dwyer Boyle, Reza Nikandish

In this article, we present a hybrid quantum-classical generative adversarial network (GAN) for near-term quantum processors. The hybrid GAN comprises a generator and a discriminator quantum neural network (QNN). The generator network is realized using an angle encoding quantum circuit and a variational quantum ansatz. The discriminator network is realized u

Fabio E. Furcas, Barbara Lothenbach, Shishir Mundra, Camelia Borca

The transformation of 2-line ferrihydrite to goethite from supersaturated solutions at alkaline pH >= 13.0 was studied using a combination of benchtop and advanced synchrotron techniques such as X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In comparison to the transformation rates at acidic to mildly alkaline environments,

Heejong Kim, Victor Ion Butoi, Adrian V. Dalca, Daniel J. A. Margolis

Most state-of-the-art techniques for medical image segmentation rely on deep-learning models. These models, however, are often trained on narrowly-defined tasks in a supervised fashion, which requires expensive labeled datasets. Recent advances in several machine learning domains, such as natural language generation have demonstrated the feasibility and util

Akanksha Baranwal, Diego A. Donzis, Rodney D. W. Bowersox

We investigate the effects of thermal boundary conditions and Mach number on turbulence close to walls. In particular, we study the near-wall asymptotic behavior for adiabatic and pseudo-adiabatic walls, and compare to the asymptotic behavior recently found near isothermal cold walls (Baranwal et al. (2022)). This is done by analyzing a new large database of

Arjen van der Wel, Marco Martorano, Boris Haussler, Kalina V. Nedkova

We use CEERS JWST/NIRCam imaging to measure rest-frame near-IR light profiles of $>$500 $M_\star>10^{10}~M_\odot$ galaxies in the redshift range $0.5<z<2.3$. We compare the resulting rest-frame 1.5-2$\mu$m half-light radii ($R_{\rm{NIR}}$) with stellar half-mass radii (\rmass) derived with multi-color light profiles from CANDELS HST imaging. In general agree

Siyu Cen, Bangti Jin, Yikan Liu, Zhi Zhou

This work is concerned with numerically recovering multiple parameters simultaneously in the subdiffusion model from one single lateral measurement on a part of the boundary, while in an incompletely known medium. We prove that the boundary measurement corresponding to a fairly general boundary excitation uniquely determines the order of the fractional deriv

Aishah Albarakati, Marko Budisic, Erik Van Vleck

Prediction of the state evolution of complex high-dimensional nonlinear systems is challenging due to the nonlinear sensitivity of the evolution to small inaccuracies in the model. Data Assimilation (DA) techniques improve state estimates by combining model simulations with real-time data. Few DA techniques can simultaneously handle nonlinear evolution, non-

Dunja Simicic, Brayan Alves, Jessie Mosso, Guillaume Briand

Magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) enables the simultaneous non-invasive acquisition of MR spectra from multiple spatial locations inside the brain. While 1H-MRSI is increasingly used in the human brain, it is not yet widely applied in the preclinical settings, mostly because of difficulties specifically related to very small nominal voxel size

Enrico M. Zucchelli, Brandon A. Jones

This paper introduces the concept of the Gaussian integral filter (GIF), the limit of the Gaussian sum filter (GSF) for when the number of mixands tends to infinity. The GIF is obtained via a combination of GSF, quadrature, and interpolation. While it is a very general concept, in this paper the GIF is used to represent multiviariate Laplace (ML) distributio

Carlos Blanco, Dan Hooper, Tim Linden, Elena Pinetti

IceCube has recently reported the detection of $\sim 1-10 \,{\rm TeV}$ neutrinos from the nearby active galaxy, NGC 1068. The lack of TeV-scale emission from this source suggests that these neutrinos are generated in the dense corona that surrounds NGC 1068's supermassive black hole. In this paper, we present a physical model for this source, including the p

Wojciech Jamroga

Benaloh challenge allows the voter to audit the encryption of her vote, and in particular to check whether the vote has been represented correctly. An interesting analysis of the mechanism has been presented by Culnane and Teague. The authors propose a natural game-theoretic model of the interaction between the voter and a corrupt, malicious encryption devic

Suhas S. Jain, Rahul Agrawal, Parviz Moin

In this work, a localized artificial-viscosity/diffusivity method is proposed for accurately capturing discontinuities in compressible flows. There have been numerous efforts to improve the artificial diffusivity formulation in the last two decades, through appropriate localization of the artificial bulk viscosity for capturing shocks. However, for capturing

Vinicius Silva de Oliveira, Isak Silander, Lucile Rutkowski, Grzegorz Soboń

Accurate parameters of molecular hot-band transitions, i.e., those starting from vibrationally excited levels, are needed to accurately model high-temperature spectra in astrophysics and combustion, yet laboratory spectra measured at high temperatures are often unresolved and difficult to assign. Optical-optical double-resonance (OODR) spectroscopy allows th

Adolf Mirotin

The analytical solution to the initial-boundary value problem for the cell growth equation was given in the paper Zaidi A. A., Van Brunt B., Wake G.C., Solutions to an advanced functional partial differential equation of the pantograph type, Proc. R. Soc. A 471: 20140947 (2015). In this note, we simplify the arguments given in the paper mentioned above by us

Adam J Shephard, Raja Muhammad Saad Bashir, Hanya Mahmood, Mostafa Jahanifar

Oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) is a premalignant histopathological diagnosis given to lesions of the oral cavity. Its grading suffers from significant inter-/intra- observer variability, and does not reliably predict malignancy progression, potentially leading to suboptimal treatment decisions. To address this, we developed a novel artificial intelligence a

Clayton Fields, Casey Kennington

Vision language tasks, such as answering questions about or generating captions that describe an image, are difficult tasks for computers to perform. A relatively recent body of research has adapted the pretrained transformer architecture introduced in \citet{vaswani2017attention} to vision language modeling. Transformer models have greatly improved performa

Juraj Szavits-Nossan, Ramon Grima

Stochastic models of gene expression are typically formulated using the chemical master equation, which can be solved exactly or approximately using a repertoire of analytical methods. Here, we provide a tutorial review of an alternative approach based on queueing theory that has rarely been used in the literature of gene expression. We discuss the interpret

Balázs Keszegh, Dániel Simon

A \emph{thrackle} is a graph drawn in the plane so that every pair of its edges meet exactly once, either at a common end vertex or in a proper crossing. Conway's thrackle conjecture states that the number of edges is at most the number of vertices. It is known that this conjecture holds for linear thrackles, i.e., when the edges are drawn as straight line s

Shahariar Ryehan

In recent years, the use of variable-order differential operators has emerged as a powerful tool in the analysis of nonlinear fractional differential equations and chaotic systems. In finance, the accurate prediction of market trends and the ability to make informed investment decisions is of great importance, and the integration of artificial intelligence a

Alexander Knight, Francois Foucart, Matthew D. Duez, Mike Boyle

In numerical simulations of binary neutron star systems, the equation of state of the dense neutron star matter is an important factor in determining both the physical realism and the numerical accuracy of the simulations. Some equations of state used in simulations are $C^2$ or smoother in the pressure/density relationship function, such as a polytropic equ

Sayantan Choudhury

In this work, we present a quintessential interpretation of having a blue-tilted tensor power spectrum for canonical single-field slow-roll inflation to explain the recently observed Pulsar Timing Array (NANOGrav 15-year and EPTA) signal of Gravitational Waves (GW). We formulate the complete semi-classical description of cosmological perturbation theory in t

Jeongbin Park, Bradford G. Knight, Yingqian Liao, Marco Mangano

Hydrokinetic turbines extract kinetic energy from moving water to generate renewable electricity, thus contributing to sustainable energy production and reducing reliance on fossil fuels. It has been hypothesized that a duct can accelerate and condition the fluid flow passing the turbine blades, improving the overall energy extraction efficiency. However, no

Brian H. Do, Shuai Wu, Ruike Renee Zhao, Allison M. Okamura

Active control of the shape of soft robots is challenging. Despite having an infinite number of passive degrees of freedom (DOFs), soft robots typically only have a few actively controllable DOFs, limited by the number of degrees of actuation (DOAs). The complexity of actuators restricts the number of DOAs that can be incorporated into soft robots. Active sh

Bowen Zhang, Zhijin Qin, Geoffrey Ye Li

Deep learning based image compressed sensing (CS) has achieved great success. However, existing CS systems mainly adopt a fixed measurement matrix to images, ignoring the fact the optimal measurement numbers and bases are different for different images. To further improve the sensing efficiency, we propose a novel semantic-aware image CS system. In our syste

Brianna Farella, Gregory Medwig, Raphael A. Abrahao, Andrei Nomerotski

Knowing the properties of the single photons produced in a Spontaneous Parametric Down-Conversion (SPDC) source can be crucial for specific applications and uses. In particular, the spectral properties are of key relevance. Here, we investigate a commercial SPDC source using our fast broadband spectrometer. Our analysis is a valid method for other SPDC sourc

Connor Edsall, Laura Huynh, Tim Hall, Eli Vlaisavljevich

Histotripsy is a non-thermal focused ultrasound ablation method that destroys tissue through the generation and activity of acoustic cavitation. Intrinsic threshold histotripsy generates bubble clouds when the dominant negative pressure phase of a single-cycle pulse exceeds an intrinsic threshold of ~25-30 MPa. The ablation efficiency is dependent upon the s

Kai Yan, Fujun Luan, MiloŠ HaŠAn, Thibault Groueix

A 3D digital scene contains many components: lights, materials and geometries, interacting to reach the desired appearance. Staging such a scene is time-consuming and requires both artistic and technical skills. In this work, we propose PSDR-Room, a system allowing to optimize lighting as well as the pose and materials of individual objects to match a target

Jie Zhang, Masanori Suganuma, Takayuki Okatani

Recent studies on visual anomaly detection (AD) of industrial objects/textures have achieved quite good performance. They consider an unsupervised setting, specifically the one-class setting, in which we assume the availability of a set of normal (\textit{i.e.}, anomaly-free) images for training. In this paper, we consider a more challenging scenario of unsu

Sully F. Chen, Zhicheng Guo, Cheng Ding, Xiao Hu

Rapid, reliable, and accurate interpretation of medical time-series signals is crucial for high-stakes clinical decision-making. Deep learning methods offered unprecedented performance in medical signal processing but at a cost: they were compute-intensive and lacked interpretability. We propose Sparse Mixture of Learned Kernels (SMoLK), an interpretable arc

Rachel Yovel, Eran Treister

We present an efficient matrix-free geometric multigrid method for the elastic Helmholtz equation, and a suitable discretization. Many discretization methods had been considered in the literature for the Helmholtz equations, as well as many solvers and preconditioners, some of which are adapted for the elastic version of the equation. However, there is very

Ron Buckmire, Joseph E. Hibdon,, Drew Lewis, Omayra Ortega

We present and discuss a curated selection of recent literature related to the application of quantitative techniques, tools, and topics from mathematics and data science that have been used to analyze the mathematical sciences community. We engage in this project with a focus on including research that highlights, documents, or quantifies (in)equities that

Mahdi Alehdaghi, Arthur Josi, Pourya Shamsolmoali, Rafael M. O. Cruz

Visible-infrared person re-identification seeks to retrieve images of the same individual captured over a distributed network of RGB and IR sensors. Several V-I ReID approaches directly integrate both V and I modalities to discriminate persons within a shared representation space. However, given the significant gap in data distributions between V and I modal

Arne Lien

We study sets of univariate hyperbolic polynomials that share the same first few coefficients and show that they have a natural combinatorial description akin to that of polytopes. We define a stratification of such sets in terms of root arrangements of hyperbolic polynomials and show that any stratum is either empty, a point or of maximal dimension and in t

Daniel Huber, Marc Pinsonneault, Paul Beck, Timothy R. Bedding

Asteroseismology has transformed stellar astrophysics. Red giant asteroseismology is a prime example, with oscillation periods and amplitudes that are readily detectable with time-domain space-based telescopes. These oscillations can be used to infer masses, ages and radii for large numbers of stars, providing unique constraints on stellar populations in our

Alberto Di Meglio, Karl Jansen, Ivano Tavernelli, Constantia Alexandrou

Quantum computers offer an intriguing path for a paradigmatic change of computing in the natural sciences and beyond, with the potential for achieving a so-called quantum advantage, namely a significant (in some cases exponential) speed-up of numerical simulations. The rapid development of hardware devices with various realizations of qubits enables the exec

Adolfo Holguin, Shannon Wang, Zi-Yue Wang

We study generating functions of $\frac{1}{4}$-BPS states in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills at finite $N$ by attempting to generalize the Harish-Chandra-Itzykson-Zuber integral to multiple commuting matrices. This allows us to compute the overlaps of two or more generating functions; such calculations arise in the computation of two-point correlators in th

Amar Aryan, Shashi Bhushan Pandey, Rahul Gupta, Sugriva Nath Tiwari

In this proceeding, we present the 1-dimensional stellar evolution of two rotating population III (Pop III) star models, each having a mass of 25 M$_{\odot}$ at the zero-age main-sequence (ZAMS). The slowly rotating model has an initial angular rotational velocity of 10 per cent of the critical angular rotational velocity. In contrast, the rapidly rotating m

Nick S. Blunt, György P. Gehér, Alexandra E. Moylett

A number of exciting recent results have been seen in the field of quantum error correction. These include initial demonstrations of error correction on current quantum hardware, and resource estimates which improve understanding of the requirements to run large-scale quantum algorithms for real-world applications. In this work, we bridge the gap between the

Akhil Pratap Singh, Kosuke Mitarai, Yasunari Suzuki, Kentaro Heya

We experimentally demonstrate a virtual two-qubit gate and characterize it using quantum process tomography~(QPT). The virtual two-qubit gate decomposes an actual two-qubit gate into single-qubit unitary gates and projection gates in quantum circuits for expectation-value estimation. We implement projection gates via mid-circuit measurements. The determinist

Hee-Cheol Kim, Minsung Kim, Sung-Soo Kim, Gabi Zafrir

We propose two novel methods for computing the superconformal index of 5d superconformal field theories that cannot be described by conventional Lagrangian descriptions under mass deformations. The first approach involves the use of Higgs branch flows from UV Lagrangian theories, guided by transitions in 5-brane webs in Type IIB string theory. The second met

F. Abbate, A. Noutsos, G. Desvignes, R. S. Wharton

We report the results of an observational campaign using the Effelsberg 100-m telescope of the pulsars J1746$-$2849, J1746$-$2850, J1746$-$2856 and J1745$-$2912 located in the Central Molecular Zone (CMZ) close to the Galactic centre in order to study rotation measure (RM) variations. We report for the first time the RM value of PSR J1746$-$2850 to be $-1223

David Linteau, Stefano Barison, Netanel Lindner, Giuseppe Carleo

We propose an adaptive quantum algorithm to prepare accurate variational time evolved wave functions. The method is based on the projected Variational Quantum Dynamics (pVQD) algorithm, that performs a global optimization with linear scaling in the number of variational parameters. Instead of fixing a variational ansatz at the beginning of the simulation, th

Matthew W. Abruzzo, Drummond B. Fielding, Greg L. Bryan

Cloud-wind interactions play an important role in long-lived multiphase flows in many astrophysical contexts. When this interaction is primarily mediated by hydrodynamics and radiative cooling, the survival of clouds can be phrased in terms of the comparison between a timescale that dictates the evolution of the cloud-wind interaction, (the dynamical time-sc

Ken K. Y. Ng, Konstantinos Kritos, Andrea Antonelli, Roberto Cotesta

The population of binary black hole mergers observed in gravitational waves, together with astrophysical simulations, can help us to understand the properties of the progenitors and the binary formation mechanisms in different astrophysical scenarios. Here we focus on dynamical formation in star clusters. We use the third gravitational-wave transient catalog

Andrina Nicola, Boryana Hadzhiyska, Nathan Findlay, Carlos García-García

Upcoming imaging surveys will allow for high signal-to-noise measurements of galaxy clustering at small scales. In this work, we present the results of the LSST bias challenge, the goal of which is to compare the performance of different nonlinear galaxy bias models in the context of LSST Y10 data. Specifically, we compare two perturbative approaches, Lagran

Carlo Musolino, Christian Ecker, Luciano Rezzolla

A considerable effort has been dedicated recently to the construction of generic equations of state (EOSs) for matter in neutron stars. The advantage of these approaches is that they can provide model-independent information on the interior structure and global properties of neutron stars. Making use of more than $10^6$ generic EOSs, we asses the validity of

Dorival Gonçalves, Ajay Kaladharan, Yongcheng Wu

This study explores the generation of the observed baryon asymmetry of the Universe within the complex Two Higgs Doublet Model (C2HDM) while considering theoretical and current experimental constraints. In our investigation, we analyze critical elements of the Higgs potential to understand the phase transition pattern. Specifically, we examine the formation

Mehmet Demirtas, James Halverson, Anindita Maiti, Matthew D. Schwartz

Both the path integral measure in field theory and ensembles of neural networks describe distributions over functions. When the central limit theorem can be applied in the infinite-width (infinite-$N$) limit, the ensemble of networks corresponds to a free field theory. Although an expansion in $1/N$ corresponds to interactions in the field theory, others, su

Jozef Bucko, Sambit K. Giri, Fabian Hervas Peters, Aurel Schneider

Decaying dark matter (DDM) scenarios have recently regained attention due to their potential ability to resolve the well-known clustering (or $S_8$) tension between weak lensing (WL) and cosmic microwave background (CMB) measurements. In this paper, we investigate a well-established model where the original dark matter particle decays into a massless particl

Ken Van Tilburg, Masha Baryakhtar, Marios Galanis, Neal Weiner

Intensity interferometry -- the correlation of spatially separated light intensities -- has historically been an important tool for precision optical astronomical observations. However, due to the extremely narrow field of view, its scope has been limited to studies of the morphology of very bright emission regions, primarily determinations of angular diamet

Sebastian Franco, Dongwook Ghim, Georgios P. Goulas, Rak-Kyeong Seong

We investigate a class of mass deformations that connect pairs of 2d (0,2) gauge theories associated to different toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. These deformations are generalizations to 2d of the well-known Klebanov-Witten deformation relating the 4d gauge theories for the C^2/Z_2 x C orbifold and the conifold. We investigate various aspects of these deformation

A. Pallottini, A. Ferrara

The star formation rate (SFR) in high redshift galaxies is expected to be time-variable due to competing physical processes. Such stochastic variability might boost the luminosity of galaxies, possibly explaining the over-abundance seen at $z\gtrsim 10$ by JWST. We aim at quantifying the amplitude and timescales of such variability, and identifying the key d

Kosuke Jamie Kanehisa, Marcel S. Pawlowski, Oliver Müller

Flattened and kinematically correlated planes of dwarf satellite galaxies have been observed in the Local Volume. The slinging out of satellites during host galaxy mergers has been suggested as a formation mechanism for these peculiar structures. We statistically examined the impact of major mergers on present-time satellite systems for the first time in a f

Willem Elbers, Carlos S. Frenk, Adrian Jenkins, Baojiu Li

The Cosmic Neutrino Background (CNB) encodes a wealth of information, but has not yet been observed directly. To determine the prospects of detection and to study its information content, we reconstruct the phase-space distribution of local relic neutrinos from the three-dimensional distribution of matter within 200 Mpc/h of the Milky Way. Our analysis relie

Aniruddha Mahapatra, Aliaksandr Siarohin, Hsin-Ying Lee, Sergey Tulyakov

We introduce Text2Cinemagraph, a fully automated method for creating cinemagraphs from text descriptions - an especially challenging task when prompts feature imaginary elements and artistic styles, given the complexity of interpreting the semantics and motions of these images. We focus on cinemagraphs of fluid elements, such as flowing rivers, and drifting

Christian Döbler

We prove a Berry-Esseen bound in de Jong's classical CLT for normalized, completely degenerate $U$-statistics, which says that the convergence of the fourth moment sequence to three and a Lindeberg-Feller type negligibility condition are sufficient for asymptotic normality. Our bound is of the same optimal order as the bound on the Wasserstein distance to no

Andrea Carosso

We describe the picture of physical processes suggested by Edward Nelson's stochastic mechanics when generalized to quantum field theory regularized on a lattice, after an introductory review of his theory applied to the hydrogen atom. By performing numerical simulations of the relevant stochastic processes, we observe that Nelson's theory provides a means o

Benoît Assi, Andreas Helset, Aneesh V. Manohar, Julie Pagès

The geometry of field space governs on-shell scattering amplitudes. We formulate a geometric description of effective field theories which extends previous results for scalars and gauge fields to fermions. The field-space geometry reorganizes and simplifies the computation of quantum loop corrections. Using this geometric framework, we calculate the fermion

Idan Shenfeld, Zhang-Wei Hong, Aviv Tamar, Pulkit Agrawal

Learning from rewards (i.e., reinforcement learning or RL) and learning to imitate a teacher (i.e., teacher-student learning) are two established approaches for solving sequential decision-making problems. To combine the benefits of these different forms of learning, it is common to train a policy to maximize a combination of reinforcement and teacher-studen

R. C. Bento Ribeiro, J. H. Correa, L. S. Ricco, I. A. Shelykh

We theoretically investigate the possibility of obtaining Majorana zero modes (MZMs) in penta-silicene nanoribbons (p-SiNRs) with induced \textit{p}-wave superconductivity. The model explicitly considers an external magnetic field perpendicularly applied to the nanoribbon plane, as well as an extrinsic Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC), in addition to the fi

Pasquale Di Bari, Moinul Hossain Rahat

In the light of the evidence of a gravitational wave background from the NANOGrav 15yr data set, we reconsider the split majoron model as a new physics extension of the standard model able to generate a needed contribution to solve the current tension between the data and the standard interpretation in terms of inspiraling supermassive black hole massive bin

Yuan Gong, Sameer Khurana, Leonid Karlinsky, James Glass

In this paper, we focus on Whisper, a recent automatic speech recognition model trained with a massive 680k hour labeled speech corpus recorded in diverse conditions. We first show an interesting finding that while Whisper is very robust against real-world background sounds (e.g., music), its audio representation is actually not noise-invariant, but is inste

Peter Clark, Or Graur, Joseph Callow, Jessica Aguilar

We present new spectroscopic and photometric follow-up observations of the known sample of extreme coronal line emitting galaxies (ECLEs) identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). With these new data, observations of the ECLE sample now span a period of two decades following their initial SDSS detections. We confirm the nonrecurrence of the iron cor

Krishnamurthy Iyer, Haifeng Xu, You Zu

We consider a dynamic Bayesian persuasion setting where a single long-lived sender persuades a stream of ``short-lived'' agents (receivers) by sharing information about a payoff-relevant state. The state transitions are Markovian and the sender seeks to maximize the long-run average reward by committing to a (possibly history-dependent) signaling mechanism.

Nathanan Tantivasadakarn, Xie Chen

Elementary point charge excitations in 3+1D topological phases can condense along a line and form a descendant excitation called the Cheshire string. Unlike the elementary flux loop excitations in the system, Cheshire strings do not have to appear as the boundary of a 2d disc and can exist on open line segments. On the other hand, Cheshire strings are differ

Farhana Syed, Jessica N. Khuc, Alexandria Guinness, John M Franck

Proteins involved in signaling pathways represent an interesting target for experimental analysis by ODNP (Overhauser Dynamic Nuclear Polarization), which determines the translational mobility at the surface of proteins. They also represent a challenge, since the hydration dynamics at all sites remains relatively rapid, requiring sensitive measurements capab

Chakradhar Rangi, Ka-Ming Tam, Juana Moreno

Non-Hermitian topological phases have gained immense attention due to their potential to unlock novel features beyond Hermitian bounds. PT-symmetric (Parity Time-reversal symmetric) non-Hermitian models have been studied extensively over the past decade. In recent years, the topological properties of general non-Hermitian models, regardless of the balance be

Tianhao Wu, Chuanxia Zheng, Tat-Jen Cham

Generating complete 360-degree panoramas from narrow field of view images is ongoing research as omnidirectional RGB data is not readily available. Existing GAN-based approaches face some barriers to achieving higher quality output, and have poor generalization performance over different mask types. In this paper, we present our 360-degree indoor RGB-D panor

Kajetan Schweighofer, Lukas Aichberger, Mykyta Ielanskyi, Günter Klambauer

Quantifying uncertainty is important for actionable predictions in real-world applications. A crucial part of predictive uncertainty quantification is the estimation of epistemic uncertainty, which is defined as an integral of the product between a divergence function and the posterior. Current methods such as Deep Ensembles or MC dropout underperform at est

Benjamin S. Ruben, Cengiz Pehlevan

Feature bagging is a well-established ensembling method which aims to reduce prediction variance by combining predictions of many estimators trained on subsets or projections of features. Here, we develop a theory of feature-bagging in noisy least-squares ridge ensembles and simplify the resulting learning curves in the special case of equicorrelated data. U

Xiaoyu Zhang, Saurabh Gupta

Autonomous agriculture applications (e.g., inspection, phenotyping, plucking fruits) require manipulating the plant foliage to look behind the leaves and the branches. Partial visibility, extreme clutter, thin structures, and unknown geometry and dynamics for plants make such manipulation challenging. We tackle these challenges through data-driven methods. W

Daniel Rogalski

Artin-Schelter regular algebras can be thought of as noncommutative versions of commutative polynomial rings, modeled after the special homological properties polynomial rings have as graded rings. First defined by Artin and Schelter in 1987, their introduction formed the beginning of the subject of noncommutative projective geometry. Artin-Schelter regular

Muthu Priyal, Jagdev Singh, B. Raghavendra Prasad, Chavali Sumana

ADITYA-L1 is India's first dedicated mission to observe the sun and its atmosphere from a halo orbit around L1 point. Visible emission line coronagraph (VELC) is the prime payload on board at Aditya-L1 to observe the sun's corona. VELC is designed as an internally occulted reflective coronagraph to meet the observational requirements of wide wavelength band

Nelson F. Liu, Kevin Lin, John Hewitt, Ashwin Paranjape

While recent language models have the ability to take long contexts as input, relatively little is known about how well they use longer context. We analyze the performance of language models on two tasks that require identifying relevant information in their input contexts: multi-document question answering and key-value retrieval. We find that performance c

Kirill Neklyudov, Jannes Nys, Luca Thiede, Juan Carrasquilla

Solving the quantum many-body Schr\"odinger equation is a fundamental and challenging problem in the fields of quantum physics, quantum chemistry, and material sciences. One of the common computational approaches to this problem is Quantum Variational Monte Carlo (QVMC), in which ground-state solutions are obtained by minimizing the energy of the system with

Rahul Patel, Elias B. Khalil

Approaches based on Binary decision diagrams (BDDs) have recently achieved state-of-the-art results for multiobjective integer programming problems. The variable ordering used in constructing BDDs can have a significant impact on their size and on the quality of bounds derived from relaxed or restricted BDDs for single-objective optimization problems. We fir

Szymon Tworkowski, Konrad Staniszewski, Mikołaj Pacek, Yuhuai Wu

Large language models have an exceptional capability to incorporate new information in a contextual manner. However, the full potential of such an approach is often restrained due to a limitation in the effective context length. One solution to this issue is to endow an attention layer with access to an external memory, which comprises of (key, value) pairs.

Kevin S. Chou, Tali Shemma, Heather McCarrick, Tzu-Chiao Chien

A critical challenge in developing scalable error-corrected quantum systems is the accumulation of errors while performing operations and measurements. One promising approach is to design a system where errors can be detected and converted into erasures. Such a system utilizing erasure qubits are known to have relaxed requirements for quantum error correctio

Chandraniva Guha Ray, Indranil Mukherjee, P. K. Mohanty

We study a lattice gas model of hard-core particles on a square lattice experiencing nearest neighbour attraction $J$. Each particle has an internal orientation, independent of the others, that point towards one of the four nearest neighbour and it can move to the neighbouring site along that direction with the usual Metropolis rate if the target site is vac

Pablo Pérez Zarazaga, Zofia Malisz

Whispered speech is characterised by a noise-like excitation that results in the lack of fundamental frequency. Considering that prosodic phenomena such as intonation are perceived through f0 variation, the perception of whispered prosody is relatively difficult. At the same time, studies have shown that speakers do attempt to produce intonation when whisper

Thomas Lew, Riccardo Bonalli, Marco Pavone

Trajectory optimization under uncertainty underpins a wide range of applications in robotics. However, existing methods are limited in terms of reasoning about sources of epistemic and aleatoric uncertainty, space and time correlations, nonlinear dynamics, and non-convex constraints. In this work, we first introduce a continuous-time planning formulation wit

Liangzhe Yuan, Nitesh Bharadwaj Gundavarapu, Long Zhao, Hao Zhou

We evaluate the video understanding capabilities of existing foundation models (FMs) using a carefully designed experiment protocol consisting of three hallmark tasks (action recognition,temporal localization, and spatiotemporal localization), eight datasets well received by the community, and four adaptation methods tailoring an FM for downstream tasks. Fur

Daichi Hiramatsu, Daichi Tsuna, Edo Berger, Koichi Itagaki

We present the discovery of the Type II supernova SN 2023ixf in M101 and follow-up photometric and spectroscopic observations, respectively, in the first month and week of its evolution. Our discovery was made within a day of estimated first light, and the following light curve is characterized by a rapid rise ($\approx5$ days) to a luminous peak ($M_V\appro

Hassan Firouzjahi, Alireza Talebian

The stochastic gravitational wave background (SGWB) detected recently by the pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) observations may have cosmological origins. In this work we consider a model of single field inflation containing an intermediate phase of ultra slow-roll. Fixing the amplitude of the peak of curvature perturbations by the PBHs bounds we calculate the gra

Xiu-Fei Li

The symmetry can be broken at high temperature and then restored at low temperature, which is the so-called \emph{high temperature symmetry breaking}. It often appears in some theories such as the high scale electroweak baryogenesis mechanism. In this paper, we probe the high temperature $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry breaking with gravitational waves (GWs) from do

Yao Shi, Xiaofeng Zhang, Ran zhang, Zhou Yang

The assembly instruction is a mandatory component of Lego-like brick sets.The conventional production of assembly instructions requires a considerable amount of manual fine-tuning, which is intractable for casual users and customized brick sets.Moreover, the traditional paper-based instructions lack expressiveness and interactivity.To tackle the two problems

Michele Redi, Andrea Tesi

The strong CP problem can be solved if the laws of nature are invariant under a space-time parity exchanging the Standard Model with its mirror copy. We review and extend different realizations of this idea with the aim of discussing Dark Matter, neutrino physics, leptogenesis and collider physics within the same context. In the minimal realization of Ref. [

Alexandre Munnier

While the single-layer operator for the Laplacian is well understood, questions remain concerning the single-layer operator for the Bilaplacian, particularly with regard to invertibility issues linked with degenerate scales. In this article, we provide simple sufficient conditions ensuring this invertibility for a wide range of problems.

Dušan Đorđević, Dragoljub Gočanin

In an odd-dimensional spacetime, gravity can be formulated as a proper gauge theory based on the Chern-Simons action for a suitable gauge group. Performing dimensional reduction, one obtains, as an effective theory, Chamseddine's even-dimensional topological gravity with the reduced gauge symmetry. This theory involves a multiplet of scalar fields that appea

Frans R. Klinkhamer

We review a new traversable-wormhole solution of the gravitational field equation of general relativity without exotic matter. Instead of having exotic matter to keep the wormhole throat open, the solution relies on a 3-dimensional "spacetime defect," which is characterized by a locally vanishing metric determinant. We also discuss the corresponding multiple

Bartosz Protas

The Lamb-Chaplygin dipole (Lamb1895,Lamb1906,Chaplygin1903) is one of the few closed-form relative equilibrium solutions of the 2D Euler equation characterized by a continuous vorticity distribution. We consider the problem of its linear stability with respect to 2D circulation-preserving perturbations. It is demonstrated that this flow is linearly unstable,

Alexey Piunovskiy, Yi Zhang

In this paper, we consider a Markov decision process (MDP) with a Borel state space $\textbf{X}\cup\{\Delta\}$, where $\Delta$ is an absorbing state (cemetery), and a Borel action space $\textbf{A}$. We consider the space of finite occupation measures restricted on $\textbf{X}\times \textbf{A}$, and the extreme points in it. It is possible that some strategi

Janet Wang, Yunbei Zhang, Zhengming Ding, Jihun Hamm

The development of reliable and fair diagnostic systems is often constrained by the scarcity of labeled data. To address this challenge, our work explores the feasibility of unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA) to integrate large external datasets for developing reliable classifiers. The adoption of UDA with multiple sources can simultaneously enrich the tra

Ilya D. Shkredov

In our paper, we introduce a new method for estimating incidences via representation theory. We obtain several applications to various sums with multiplicative characters and to Zaremba's conjecture from number theory.

Tousif Islam, Gaurav Khanna

We investigate the interplay between numerical relativity (NR) and adiabatic point-particle black hole perturbation theory (ppBHPT) in the comparable mass regime for quasi-circular non-spinning binary black holes. Specifically, we reassess the $\alpha$-$\beta$ scaling technique, previously introduced by Islam et al, as a means to effectively match ppBHPT wav