October 2023 arXiv papers — page 3

Junkun Yuan, Xinyu Zhang, Hao Zhou, Jian Wang

Model pre-training is essential in human-centric perception. In this paper, we first introduce masked image modeling (MIM) as a pre-training approach for this task. Upon revisiting the MIM training strategy, we reveal that human structure priors offer significant potential. Motivated by this insight, we further incorporate an intuitive human structure prior

Kai-Chi Chang, Murat Can Sarihan, Paul Erker, Xiang Cheng

High-dimensional entanglement provides unique ways of transcending the limitations of current approaches in quantum information processing, quantum communications based on qubits. The generation of time-frequency qudit states offer significantly increased quantum capacities while keeping the number of photons constant, but pose significant challenges regardi

Yiliang Fan, Huaiqiang Wang, Peizhe Tang, Shuichi Murakami

Antiferromagnetic (AFM) topological insulators (TIs), which host magnetically gapped Dirac-cone surface states and exhibit many exotic physical phenomena, have attracted great attention. Here, we find that the coupled surface states can be intertwined to give birth to a set of $2n$ unique new Dirac cones, dubbed intertwined Dirac cones, through the anisotrop

Marcus DuPont, Andrew MacFadyen, Selma de Mink

State-of-the-art surveys reveal that most massive stars in the universe evolve in close binaries. Massive stars in such systems are expected to develop aspherical envelopes due to tidal interactions and/or rotational effects. Recently, it was shown that point explosions in oblate stars can produce relativistic equatorial ring-like outflows. Moreover, since s

Léo Bartoli, Olivia Caramello

We systematically investigate the functors between sites which induce morphisms of relative toposes. In particualar, we establish a relative version of Diaconescu's theorem, characterizing the relative geometric morphisms towards a relative sheaf topos in terms of a notion of flat (equivalently, filtered) functor relative to the base topos.

Kiyonori Gomi

We provide a direct and elementary proof for the fact that every four point metric space is positive definite, which was first proved by Meckes based on some embedding theorems of metric spaces. As an outcome of the direct proof, we also provide a condition for the magnitude of a finite metric space to obey the inclusion-exclusion principle with respect to a

Shengnan An, Zexiong Ma, Zeqi Lin, Nanning Zheng

Large language models (LLMs) recently exhibited remarkable reasoning capabilities on solving math problems. To further improve their reasoning capabilities, this work explores whether LLMs can LEarn from MistAkes (LEMA), akin to the human learning process. Consider a human student who failed to solve a math problem, he will learn from what mistake he has mad

Ayan Patra, Rivu Gupta, Tamoghna Das, Aditi Sen De

The quantum dense coding (DC) protocol, which has no security feature, deals with the transmission of classical information encoded in a quantum state by using shared entanglement between a single sender and a single receiver. Its appropriate variant has been established as a quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme for shared two-qubit maximally entangled stat

Bleuenn Bégoc, Giovanni Cichelli, Sukhjit P. Singh, Fabio Bensch

We demonstrate a simple technique for adding controlled dissipation to Rydberg atom experiments. In our experiments we excite cold rubidium atoms in a magneto-optical trap to $70$-S Rydberg states, whilst simultaneously inducing forced dissipation by resonantly coupling the Rydberg state to a hyperfine level of the short-lived $6$-P state. The resulting effe

Alexander Serebryakov, Nick Simm

We study $k$-point correlators of characteristic polynomials in non-Hermitian ensembles of random matrices, focusing on the real, complex and quaternion $N \times N$ Ginibre ensembles. Our approach is based on the technique of character expansions, which expresses the correlator as a sum over partitions involving Schur functions. We show how to re-sum the ex

Mikaela Angelina Uy, Kiyohiro Nakayama, Guandao Yang, Rahul Krishna Thomas

Neural radiance fields (NeRF) rely on volume rendering to synthesize novel views. Volume rendering requires evaluating an integral along each ray, which is numerically approximated with a finite sum that corresponds to the exact integral along the ray under piecewise constant volume density. As a consequence, the rendered result is unstable w.r.t. the choice

Wojciech Ożański

We consider Prandtl's 1933 model for calculating circulation distribution function $\Gamma$ of a finite wing which minimizes induced drag, under the constraints of prescribed total lift and moment of inertia. We prove existence of a global minimizer of the problem without the restriction of nonnegativity $\Gamma\geq 0$ in an appropriate function space. We al

Mahmoud Hegazy, Rémi Leluc, Cheuk Ting Li, Aymeric Dieuleveut

Compression schemes have been extensively used in Federated Learning (FL) to reduce the communication cost of distributed learning. While most approaches rely on a bounded variance assumption of the noise produced by the compressor, this paper investigates the use of compression and aggregation schemes that produce a specific error distribution, e.g., Gaussi

Garv Chauhan, P. S. Bhupal Dev, Ievgen Dubovyk, Bartosz Dziewit

The observed pattern of fermion masses and mixing is an outstanding puzzle in particle physics, generally known as the flavor problem. Over the years, guided by precision neutrino oscillation data, discrete flavor symmetries have often been used to explain the neutrino mixing parameters, which look very different from the quark sector. In this review, we dis

Yohan Vianna de Almeida, Tiago F. F. Santos, Marcelo F. Santos

Quantum batteries are quantum systems used to store energy to be later extracted by an external agent in the form of work to perform some task. Here we study the charging of a hybrid quantum battery via a collisional model mediated by an anti-Jaynes Cummings interaction obtained from an off-resonant Raman configuration. The battery is made of two distinct co

Miltiadis Kofinas, Erik J. Bekkers, Naveen Shankar Nagaraja, Efstratios Gavves

Systems of interacting objects often evolve under the influence of field effects that govern their dynamics, yet previous works have abstracted away from such effects, and assume that systems evolve in a vacuum. In this work, we focus on discovering these fields, and infer them from the observed dynamics alone, without directly observing them. We theorize th

Daniel Kriz, Asbjørn Christian Nordentoft

We define new objects called 'horizontal $p$-adic $L$-functions' associated to $L$-values of twists of elliptic curves over $\mathbb{Q}$ by characters of $p$-power order and conductor prime to $p$. We study the fundamental properties of these objects and obtain applications to non-vanishing of finite order twists of central $L$-values, making progress toward

Thomas Forster, Jonathan Ouwerx, Shak Ragoler

As AI takes on a greater role in the modern world, it is essential to ensure that AI models can overcome decision uncertainty and remain aligned with human morality and interests. This research paper proposes a method for improving the decision-making of language models (LMs) via Automated Parliaments (APs) - constructs made of AI delegates each representing

Sébastien Designolle, Tamás Vértesi, Sebastian Pokutta

In multipartite Bell scenarios, we study the nonlocality robustness of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) state. When each party performs planar measurements forming a regular polygon, we exploit the symmetry of the resulting correlation tensor to drastically accelerate the computation of (i) a Bell inequality via Frank-Wolfe algorithms, and (ii) the corr

Fang Xie, Lei Chen, Qimiao Si

Moir\'e structures, along with line-graph-based $d$-electron systems, represent a setting to realize flat bands. One form of the associated strong correlation physics is the Kondo effect. Here, we address the recently observed Kondo-driven heavy fermion state and its destruction in AB-stacked hetero-bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides, which can be cont

R. A. Meyer, L. Barrufet, L. A. Boogaard, R. P. Naidu

The first year of JWST has revealed a surprisingly large number of luminous galaxy candidates beyond $z>10$. While some galaxies have already been spectroscopically confirmed, there is mounting evidence that a subsample of the candidates with particularly red inferred UV colours are, in fact, lower redshift contaminants. These interlopers are often found to

Dallas Albritton, Wojciech Ożański

We consider vortex column solutions $v = V(r) e_\theta + W(r) e_z$ to the $3$D Euler equations. We give a mathematically rigorous construction of the countable family of unstable modes discovered by Liebovich and Stewartson (J. Fluid Mech. 126, 1983) via formal asymptotic analysis. The unstable modes exhibit $O(1)$ growth rates and concentrate on a ring $r=

Meraj Hashemizadeh, Juan Ramirez, Rohan Sukumaran, Golnoosh Farnadi

Model pruning is a popular approach to enable the deployment of large deep learning models on edge devices with restricted computational or storage capacities. Although sparse models achieve performance comparable to that of their dense counterparts at the level of the entire dataset, they exhibit high accuracy drops for some data sub-groups. Existing method

Richard Stiskalek, Harry Desmond, Julien Devriendt, Adrianne Slyz

Constrained cosmological simulations play an important role in modelling the local Universe, enabling investigation of the dark matter content of local structures and their formation. We introduce an internal method for quantifying the extent to which the variance of individual halo properties is suppressed by the constraints imposed on the initial condition

José Daniel Viqueira, Daniel Faílde, Mariamo M. Juane, Andrés Gómez

Quantum Recurrent Neural Networks (QRNNs) are robust candidates for modelling and predicting future values in multivariate time series. However, the effective implementation of some QRNN models is limited by the need for mid-circuit measurements. Those increase the requirements for quantum hardware, which in the current NISQ era does not allow reliable compu

Gernot Akemann, Nayden Chakarov, Oliver Krüger, Adam Mielke

The two-dimensional Coulomb gas is a one-parameter family of random point processes, depending on the inverse temperature $\beta$. Based on previous work, it is proposed as a simple statistical measure to quantify the intra- and interspecies repulsion among three different highly territorial birds of prey. Using data from the area of the Teutoburger Wald ove

Ziyou Wu, Dan Zhao, Shai Revzen

Multi-legged robots with six or more legs are not in common use, despite designs with superior stability, maneuverability, and a low number of actuators being available for over 20 years. This may be in part due to the difficulty in modeling multi-legged motion with slipping and producing reliable predictions of body velocity. Here we present a detailed meas

Krzysztof Malarz

The phenomenon of percolation is one of the core topics in statistical mechanics. It allows one to study the phase transition known in real physical systems only in a purely geometrical way. In this paper, we determine thresholds $p_c$ for random site percolation in triangular and honeycomb lattices for all available neighborhoods containing sites from the s

Dan Yudilevich, Alon Salhov, Ido Schaefer, Konstantin Herb

Spin-based quantum information processing makes extensive use of spin-state manipulation. This ranges from dynamical decoupling of nuclear spins in quantum sensing experiments to applying logical gates on qubits in a quantum processor. Here we present an antenna for strong driving in quantum sensing experiments and theoretically address challenges of the str

Andrew Garrett Kurbis, Dmytro Kuzmenko, Bogdan Ivanyuk-Skulskiy, Alex Mihailidis

Human-robot walking with prosthetic legs and exoskeletons, especially over complex terrains such as stairs, remains a significant challenge. Egocentric vision has the unique potential to detect the walking environment prior to physical interactions, which can improve transitions to and from stairs. This motivated us to create the StairNet initiative to suppo

Riccardo Pengo, Evelina Viada

We provide two different proofs of an irreducibility criterion for the preimages of a transverse subvariety of a product of elliptic curves under a diagonal endomorphism of sufficiently large degree.For curves, we present an arithmetic proof of the aforementioned irreducibility result, which enlightens connections to methods used in the context of the Torsio

Henning Bahl, Johannes Braathen, Georg Weiglein

The trilinear Higgs coupling $\lambda_{hhh}$ is a crucial tool to probe the structure of the Higgs potential and to search for possible effects of physics beyond the Standard Model (SM). Focusing on the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model as a concrete example, we identify parameter regions in which $\lambda_{hhh}$ is significantly enhanced with respect to its SM predic

Joey Hong, Anca Dragan, Sergey Levine

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) can in principle synthesize more optimal behavior from a dataset consisting only of suboptimal trials. One way that this can happen is by "stitching" together the best parts of otherwise suboptimal trajectories that overlap on similar states, to create new behaviors where each individual state is in-distribution, but the o

Xuan-Bo Tong, Bo-Wen Xiao, Yuan-Yuan Zhang

Based on our previous work, we study the harmonic coefficient of both inclusive and diffractive azimuthal angle dependent lepton-jet correlations in Hadron-Electron Ring Accelerator and the future electron-ion collider. Numerical calculations for inclusive and diffractive harmonics and the ratio of harmonics in $e+\text{Au}$~and $e+p$ indicate their strong d

Franco De Palma, Fabian Oppliger, Wonjin Jang, Stefano Bosco

Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in planar germanium (Ge) heterostructures have emerged as front-runners for future hole-based quantum processors. Here, we present strong coupling between a hole charge qubit, defined in a double quantum dot (DQD) in planar Ge, and microwave photons in a high-impedance ($Z_\mathrm{r} = 1.3 ~\mathrm{k}\Omega$) resonator based

Diego Conti, Alejandro Gil-García

We study left-invariant pseudo-K\"ahler and hypersymplectic structures on semidirect products $G\rtimes H$; we work at the level of the Lie algebra $\mathfrak{g}\rtimes\mathfrak{h}$. In particular we consider the structures induced on $\mathfrak{g}\rtimes\mathfrak{h}$ by existing pseudo-K\"ahler structures on $\mathfrak{g}$ and $\mathfrak{h}$; we classify al

Ben Currie, Evgeny Kozik

We study the microscopic model of electrons in the partially-filled lowest Landau level interacting via the Coulomb potential by the diagrammatic theory within the GW approximation. In a wide range of filling fractions and temperatures, we find a homogeneous non-Fermi liquid (nFL) state similar to that found in the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model, with logarit

Thomas R Fleming, Lisa V Hampson, Bharani Bharani-Dharan, Frank Bretz

Indolent cancers are characterized by long overall survival (OS) times. Therefore, powering a clinical trial to provide definitive assessment of the effects of an experimental intervention on OS in a reasonable timeframe is generally infeasible. Instead, the primary outcome in many pivotal trials is an intermediate clinical response such as progression-free

Lotfi M. Chaouach, Tom Oomen, Dimitris Boskos

Distributionally robust optimization (DRO) incorporates robustness against uncertainty in the specification of probabilistic models. This paper focuses on mitigating the curse of dimensionality in data-driven DRO problems with optimal transport ambiguity sets. By exploiting independence across lower-dimensional components of the uncertainty, we construct str

Verna Dankers, Christopher G. Lucas

When natural language phrases are combined, their meaning is often more than the sum of their parts. In the context of NLP tasks such as sentiment analysis, where the meaning of a phrase is its sentiment, that still applies. Many NLP studies on sentiment analysis, however, focus on the fact that sentiment computations are largely compositional. We, instead,

Henning Bahl, Johannes Braathen, Georg Weiglein

After the possible discovery of new particles, it will be crucial to determine the properties, and in particular the couplings, of the new states. Here, we focus on scalar trilinear couplings, employing as an example the case of the trilinear coupling of scalar top quarks (stops) to the Higgs boson in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM). We disc

Ryan Rezai, Jason Wang

Closed drafting or "pick and pass" is a popular game mechanic where each round players select a card or other playable element from their hand and pass the rest to the next player. In this paper, we establish first-principle methods for studying the interpretability, generalizability, and memory of Deep Q-Network (DQN) models playing closed drafting games. I

Yubin Lu, Chi-An Chen, Xiaofan Li, Chun Liu

Keller-Segel systems are a set of nonlinear partial differential equations used to model chemotaxis in biology. In this paper, we propose two alternating direction implicit (ADI) schemes to solve the 2D Keller-Segel systems directly with minimal computational cost, while preserving positivity, energy dissipation law and mass conservation. One scheme uncondit

V. Arun Kumar, A. N. Madhavanunni, Mahesh Raveendranatha Panicker

In this paper, we present a GPU-accelerated prototype implementation of a portable ultrasound imaging pipeline on an Nvidia CLARA AGX development kit. The raw data is acquired with nonsteered plane wave transmit using a programmable handheld open platform that supports 128-channel transmit and 64-channel receive. The received signals are transferred to the N

Victor Franken, Hervé Partouche, François Rondeau, Nicolaos Toumbas

We extend a recent de Sitter holographic proposal and entanglement entropy prescription to generic closed FRW cosmologies in arbitrary dimensions, and propose that for large classes of bouncing and Big Bang/Big Crunch cosmologies, the full spacetime can be encoded holographically on two holographic screens, associated to two antipodal observers. In the expan

André Chailloux, Jean-Pierre Tillich

One of the founding results of lattice based cryptography is a quantum reduction from the Short Integer Solution problem to the Learning with Errors problem introduced by Regev. It has recently been pointed out by Chen, Liu and Zhandry that this reduction can be made more powerful by replacing the learning with errors problem with a quantum equivalent, where

Luca Cultrera, Federico Becattini, Lorenzo Seidenari, Pietro Pala

Conditional Imitation learning is a common and effective approach to train autonomous driving agents. However, two issues limit the full potential of this approach: (i) the inertia problem, a special case of causal confusion where the agent mistakenly correlates low speed with no acceleration, and (ii) low correlation between offline and online performance d

Shahbaz Rezaei, Mohammad Sadegh Norouzzadeh

DNNs trained on natural clean samples have been shown to perform poorly on corrupted samples, such as noisy or blurry images. Various data augmentation methods have been recently proposed to improve DNN's robustness against common corruptions. Despite their success, they require computationally expensive training and cannot be applied to off-the-shelf traine

Jan Diekmann, Severin G. Jakobs

We demonstrate how to devise a Matsubara-formalism-based one-loop approximation to the flow of the functional renormalization group (FRG) that reproduces identically the leading-logarithmic parquet approximation. This construction of a controlled fermionic FRG approximation in a regime not accessible by perturbation theory generalizes a previous study from t

Raphael Joos, Stephanie Bauer, Christian Rupp, Sascha Kolatschek

Long-range, terrestrial quantum networks will require high brightness single-photon sources emitting in the telecom C-band for maximum transmission rate. Many applications additionally demand triggered operation with high indistinguishability and narrow spectral linewidth. This would enable the efficient implementation of photonic gate operations and photon

Brady J. Martin, Wayne N. Polyzou

Background: Nuclear reactions are complex, with a large number of possible channels. Understanding how different channels contribute to a given reaction is investigated by perturbing the continuous spectrum. Purpose: To develop tools to investigate reaction mechanisms by identifying the contributions from each reaction channel. Method: Cluster decomposition

Chanaprom Cholsuk, Asli Cakan, Sujin Suwanna, Tobias Vogl

A quantum memory is a crucial keystone for enabling large-scale quantum networks. Applicable to the practical implementation, specific properties, i.e., long storage time, selective efficient coupling with other systems, and a high memory efficiency are desirable. Though many quantum memory systems are developed thus far, none of them can perfectly meet all

Yossi Bokor Bleile, Pooja Yadav, Patrice Koehl, Florian Rehfeldt

Cell biologists study in parallel the morphology of cells with the regulation mechanisms that modify this morphology. Such studies are complicated by the inherent heterogeneity present in the cell population. It remains difficult to define the morphology of a cell with parameters that can quantify this heterogeneity, leaving the cell biologist to rely on man

Alessio Figalli, Peter van Hintum, Marius Tiba

The Brunn-Minkowski inequality states that for bounded measurable sets $A$ and $B$ in $\mathbb{R}^n$, we have $|A+B|^{1/n} \geq |A|^{1/n}+|B|^{1/n}$. Also, equality holds if and only if $A$ and $B$ are convex and homothetic sets in $\mathbb{R}^d$. The stability of this statement is a well-known problem that has attracted much attention in recent years. This

Maciej Zworski, Mengxuan Yang, Zhongkai Tao

The study of twisted bilayer graphene (TBG) is a hot topic in condensed matter physics with special focus on {\em magic angles} of twisting at which TBG acquires unusual properties. Mathematically, topologically non-trivial flat bands appear at those special angles. The chiral model of TBG pioneered by Tarnopolsky--Kruchkov--Vishwanath has particularly nice

Celal Alagoz

Hierarchical classification (HC) plays a pivotal role in multi-class classification tasks, where objects are organized into a hierarchical structure. This study explores the performance of HC through a comprehensive analysis that encompasses both hierarchy generation and hierarchy exploitation. This analysis is particularly relevant in scenarios where a pred

Surajit Sarkar, Saurabh Maiti

Polarization-resolved electronic Raman spectroscopy is an important experimental tool to investigate collective excitations in superconductors. In this work, we present a general theory that allows us to study the evolution of all Raman active collective modes in multiple symmetry channels across a time-reversal symmetry (TRS) breaking superconducting transi

Lilla Tóthmérész

We prove that the two-variable Tutte polynomial of hypergraphs can be defined via embedding activities. We also prove that embedding activities of hypergraphs yield a Crapo-style decomposition of $\mathbb{Z}^E$, thus generalizing Bernardi's results from graphs to hypergraphs. We also show that hypergraph embedding activities do not fit into the $\Delta$-acti

Vaibhav Khamankar, Sutanu Bera, Saumik Bhattacharya, Debashis Sen

Histopathological images are essential for medical diagnosis and treatment planning, but interpreting them accurately using machine learning can be challenging due to variations in tissue preparation, staining and imaging protocols. Domain generalization aims to address such limitations by enabling the learning models to generalize to new datasets or populat

Qingcui Bu, Shuangnan Zhang

Accretion onto black holes is one of the most efficient energy source in the Universe. Black hole accretion powers some of the most luminous objects in the universe, including quasars, active galactic nuclei, tidal disruption events, gamma-ray bursts, and black hole X-ray transients. In the present review, we give an astrophysical overview of black hole accr

Lorenzo Luzi, Helen Jenne, Ryan Murray, Carlos Ortiz Marrero

The rapid advancement of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) necessitates the need to robustly evaluate these models. Among the established evaluation criteria, the Fr\'{e}chetInception Distance (FID) has been widely adopted due to its conceptual simplicity, fast computation time, and strong correlation with human perception. However, FID has inherent lim

Vladimir Dotsenko, Iryna Kashuba

A metaphor of Loday describes Lie, associative, and commutative associative algebras as ``the three graces'' of the operad theory. In this article, we study the three graces in the category of $\mathfrak{sl}_2$-modules that are sums of copies of the trivial and the adjoint representation. That category is not symmetric monoidal, and so one cannot apply the w

Te Han, Paul Robertson, Shubham Kanodia, Caleb Cañas

We confirm the planetary nature of TOI-5344 b as a transiting giant exoplanet around an M0 dwarf star. TOI-5344 b was discovered with the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite photometry and confirmed with ground-based photometry (the Red Buttes Observatory 0.6m telescope), radial velocity (the Habitable-zone Planet Finder), and speckle imaging (the NN-Explo

Sha Li, Chi Han, Pengfei Yu, Carl Edwards

The recent explosion of performance of large language models (LLMs) has changed the field of Natural Language Processing (NLP) more abruptly and seismically than any other shift in the field's 80-year history. This has resulted in concerns that the field will become homogenized and resource-intensive. The new status quo has put many academic researchers, esp

Simon D. Fink, Ignaz Rutter

In the constrained planarity setting, we ask whether a graph admits a planar drawing that additionally satisfies a given set of constraints. These constraints are often derived from very natural problems; prominent examples are Level Planarity, where vertices have to lie on given horizontal lines indicating a hierarchy, and Clustered Planarity, where we addi

Cameron Parker, Aaron Angerami, Ritu Arora, Steffen Bass

In this talk we review jet production in a large variety of collision systems using the JETSCAPE event generator and Hybrid Hadronization. Hybrid Hadronization combines quark recombination, applicable when distances between partons in phase space are small, and string fragmentation appropriate for dilute parton systems. It can therefore smoothly describe the

Clara Menzen, Eva Memmel, Kim Batselier, Manon Kok

This paper presents a method for approximate Gaussian process (GP) regression with tensor networks (TNs). A parametric approximation of a GP uses a linear combination of basis functions, where the accuracy of the approximation depends on the total number of basis functions $M$. We develop an approach that allows us to use an exponential amount of basis funct

S. Salvatore, B. Eichmann, X. Rodrigues, R. -J. Dettmar

NGC 1068 is a nearby widely studied Seyfert II galaxy presenting radio, infrared, X- and $\gamma$-ray emission as well as strong evidence for high-energy neutrino emission. Recently, the evidence for neutrino emission could be explained in a multimessenger model in which the neutrinos originate from the corona of the active galactic nucleus (AGN). In this en

Gurinder Singh, Rupam Barman

The minimal excludant of an integer partition is the least positive integer missing from the partition. Let $\sigma_o\text{mex}(n)$ (resp., $\sigma_e\text{mex}(n)$) denote the sum of odd (resp., even) minimal excludants over all the partitions of $n$. Recently, Baruah et al. proved a few congruences for these partition functions modulo $4$ and $8$, and asked

Oleg Ivrii, Peter Lin, Steffen Rohde, Emanuel Sygal

Numerical experiments by Werness, Lee and the third author suggested that dessin d'enfants associated to large trivalent trees approximate the developed deltoid introduced by Lee, Lyubich, Makarov and Mukherjee. In this paper, we confirm this conjecture. As a side product of our techniques, we give a new proof of a theorem of Bishop which says that ``true tr

Tamar Bar-On, Nikolay Nikolov

We say that a group $G$ is of \textit{profinite type} if it can be realized as a Galois group of some field extension. Using Krull's theory, this is equivalent to the ability of $G$ to be equipped with a profinite topology. We also say that a group of profinite type is \textit{profinitely rigid} if it admits a unique profinite topology. In this paper we stud

Gregorio Carullo, Roberto Cotesta, Emanuele Berti, Vitor Cardoso

In this Reply we include the corrections suggested in the Comment [Phys. Rev. Lett. 131, 169001]. We show that their impact on our results is small, and that the overall conclusion of the Article [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 111102] are robust. As pointed out in the Article, it is crucial to account for the statistical uncertainty in the ringdown starting time, ne

Simon Lermen, Charlie Rogers-Smith, Jeffrey Ladish

AI developers often apply safety alignment procedures to prevent the misuse of their AI systems. For example, before Meta released Llama 2-Chat - a collection of instruction fine-tuned large language models - they invested heavily in safety training, incorporating extensive red-teaming and reinforcement learning from human feedback. We explore the robustness

Tuukka Korhonen, Wojciech Nadara, Michał Pilipczuk, Marek Sokołowski

The classic technique of Baker [J. ACM '94] is the most fundamental approach for designing approximation schemes on planar, or more generally topologically-constrained graphs, and it has been applied in a myriad of different variants and settings throughout the last 30 years. In this work we propose a dynamic variant of Baker's technique, where instead of fi

Changxing Miao, Zhiwen Zhao

This paper aims to study the local behavior of solutions to a class of anisotropic weighted quasilinear degenerate parabolic equations with the weights comprising two power-type weights of different dimensions. We first capture the asymptotic behavior of the solution near the singular or degenerate point of the weights. In particular, we find an explicit upp

Andrea Ciamarra, Roberto Caldelli, Federico Becattini, Lorenzo Seidenari

The ever-increasing use of synthetically generated content in different sectors of our everyday life, one for all media information, poses a strong need for deepfake detection tools in order to avoid the proliferation of altered messages. The process to identify manipulated content, in particular images and videos, is basically performed by looking for the p

Evgeniia Tokarchuk, Vlad Niculae

Continuous-output neural machine translation (CoNMT) replaces the discrete next-word prediction problem with an embedding prediction. The semantic structure of the target embedding space (i.e., closeness of related words) is intuitively believed to be crucial. We challenge this assumption and show that completely random output embeddings can outperform labor

Michael I. Tribelsky

A brief review is given of the author recent achievements in classifying singular points of the Poynting vector patterns in electromagnetic fields of complex configuration. The deep connection between the topological structure of the force lines pattern and the law of energy conservation, the symmetry of the problem, and the dimension of the space has been u

Yuxin Zhang, Clément Huneau, Jérôme Idier, Diana Mateus

Despite its wide use in medicine, ultrasound imaging faces several challenges related to its poor signal-to-noise ratio and several sources of noise and artefacts. Enhancing ultrasound image quality involves balancing concurrent factors like contrast, resolution, and speckle preservation. In recent years, there has been progress both in model-based and learn

Chengyun Hua, Lucas Lindsay, Yuya Shinohara, David Alan Tennant

Nonequilibrium dynamics in spin systems is a topic currently under intense investigation as it provides fundamental insights into thermalization, universality, and exotic transport phenomena. While most of the studies have been focused on ideal closed quantum many-body systems such as ultracold atomic quantum gases and one-dimensional spin chains, driven-dis

Aidan Hunt, Benjamin Strom, Gregory Talpey, Hannah Ross

Cross-flow turbines harness kinetic energy in wind or moving water. Due to their unsteady fluid dynamics, it can be difficult to predict the interplay between aspects of rotor geometry and turbine performance. This study considers the effects of three geometric parameters: the number of blades, the preset pitch angle, and the chord-to-radius ratio. The relev

Pankaj K. Agarwal, Dan Halperin, Micha Sharir, Alex Steiger

Let $\mathcal{W} \subset \mathbb{R}^2$ be a planar polygonal environment (i.e., a polygon potentially with holes) with a total of $n$ vertices, and let $A,B$ be two robots, each modeled as an axis-aligned unit square, that can translate inside $\mathcal{W}$. Given source and target placements $s_A,t_A,s_B,t_B \in \mathcal{W}$ of $A$ and $B$, respectively, th

Yukun Huang, Brett Gladman

We examined the past history of the three most detached TransNeptunian Objects (TNOs) -- Sedna, 2012 VP113, and Leleakuhonua (2015 TG387) -- the three clearest members of the dynamical class known as sednoids, with high perihelia distances $q$. By integrating backward their nominal (and a set of cloned) orbits for the Solar System's age, we surprisingly find

Rajendra Nath Patra

The heavy-ion collisions (A--A) at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) energies have confirmed the production of the quark-gluon plasma (QGP), a new state of nuclear matter where quarks and gluons are deconfined. The light-flavour hadrons ($\pi$, K, p), constitute the bulk of the produced particles, carry useful information of the collision geometry, collective

Charles Griffin, Kennedy Obinna Idu, Robert L. Jerrard

Alexandrov's estimate states that if $\Omega$ is a bounded open convex domain in ${\mathbb R}^n$ and $u:\bar \Omega\to {\mathbb R}$ is a convex solution of the Monge-Ampere equation $\det D^2 u = f$ that vanishes on $\partial \Omega$, then \[ |u(x) - u(y)| \le \omega(|x-y|)(\int_\Omega f)^{1/n} \qquad \mbox{for }\omega(\delta) = C_n\,\mbox{diam}(\Omega)^{\fr

Nikolay Bogachev, Leone Slavich, Hongbin Sun

A group is LERF (locally extended residually finite) if all its finitely generated subgroups are separable. We prove that the trialitarian arithmetic lattices in $\mathbf{PSO}_{7,1}(\mathbb{R})$ are not LERF. This result, together with previous work by the third author, implies that all arithmetic lattices in $\mathbf{PO}_{n,1}(\mathbb{R})$, $n>3$, are not L

Ondřej Bouchala, Stanislav Hencl, Zheng Zhu

In this paper for every $k\in\mathbb{Z}$ we construct a sequence of weakly converging homeomorphisms $h_m\colon B(0,10)\to\mathbb{R}^3$, $h_m\rightharpoonup h$ in $W^{1,2}(B(0,10))$, such that $h_m(x)=x$ on $\partial B(0,10)$ and for every $r\in \left(\tfrac5{16},\tfrac{7}{16}\right)$ the degree of $h$ with respect to the ball $B(0,r)$ is equal to $k$ on a s

Ernesto Araya Valdivia, Hemant Tyagi

This paper addresses the Graph Matching problem, which consists of finding the best possible alignment between two input graphs, and has many applications in computer vision, network deanonymization and protein alignment. A common approach to tackle this problem is through convex relaxations of the NP-hard \emph{Quadratic Assignment Problem} (QAP). Here, we

Max Balsells, Marcel Torne, Zihan Wang, Samedh Desai

Ideally, we would place a robot in a real-world environment and leave it there improving on its own by gathering more experience autonomously. However, algorithms for autonomous robotic learning have been challenging to realize in the real world. While this has often been attributed to the challenge of sample complexity, even sample-efficient techniques are

Wenkang Qin, Rui Xu, Peixiang Huang, Xiaomin Wu

Pathological captioning of Whole Slide Images (WSIs), though is essential in computer-aided pathological diagnosis, has rarely been studied due to the limitations in datasets and model training efficacy. In this paper, we propose a new paradigm Subtype-guided Masked Transformer (SGMT) for pathological captioning based on Transformers, which treats a WSI as a

Vladimir V. Podolskii, Dmitrii Sluch

Boolean function $F(x,y)$ for $x,y \in \{0,1\}^n$ is an XOR function if $F(x,y)=f(x\oplus y)$ for some function $f$ on $n$ input bits, where $\oplus$ is a bit-wise XOR. XOR functions are relevant in communication complexity, partially for allowing Fourier analytic technique. For total XOR functions it is known that deterministic communication complexity of $

Amin Abyaneh, Hsiu-Chin Lin

Imitation learning is a paradigm to address complex motion planning problems by learning a policy to imitate an expert's behavior. However, relying solely on the expert's data might lead to unsafe actions when the robot deviates from the demonstrated trajectories. Stability guarantees have previously been provided utilizing nonlinear dynamical systems, actin

Saba Nikbakhsh, Lachin Naghashyar, Morteza Valizadeh, Mehdi Chehel Amirani

In the field of radiotherapy, accurate imaging and image registration are of utmost importance for precise treatment planning. Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) offers detailed imaging without being invasive and excels in soft-tissue contrast, making it a preferred modality for radiotherapy planning. However, the high cost of MRI, longer acquisition time, and

Edoardo D'Angelo

We report on a recently introduced Functional Renormalization Group (RG) Equation, and we apply it to quantum gravity in Lorentzian spacetimes. While the RG flow is state-dependent, it is possible to evaluate state and background independent contributions to the flow. Taking into account only these universal terms, the RG flow exhibits a non-trivial fixed po

Haosen Yang, Guowu Wei, Lei Ren, Lingyun Yan

This paper endeavours to bridge the existing gap in muscular actuator design for ligament-skeletal-inspired robots, thereby fostering the evolution of these robotic systems. We introduce two novel compliant actuators, namely the Internal Torsion Spring Compliant Actuator (ICA) and the External Spring Compliant Actuator (ECA), and present a comparative analys

Jacob Tanner, Sina Mansour L., Ludovico Coletta, Alessandro Gozzi

Recent theoretical and experimental work in neuroscience has focused on the representational and dynamical character of neural manifolds --subspaces in neural activity space wherein many neurons coactivate. Importantly, neural populations studied under this "neural manifold hypothesis" are continuous and not cleanly divided into separate neural populations.

Congling Qiu

We prove that only finitely many Shimura curves can have gonality bounded by a given number, and we study the computability of this finite set. Motivated by the relation between hyperellipticity (that is, gonality 2) and the vanishing of the modified diagonal cycle, we conjecture that such vanishing occurs for only finitely many Shimura curves. We establish

Tahereh Toosi, Elias B. Issa

In natural vision, feedback connections support versatile visual inference capabilities such as making sense of the occluded or noisy bottom-up sensory information or mediating pure top-down processes such as imagination. However, the mechanisms by which the feedback pathway learns to give rise to these capabilities flexibly are not clear. We propose that to

Adam Lechowicz, Nicolas Christianson, Bo Sun, Noman Bashir

We introduce and study online conversion with switching costs, a family of online problems that capture emerging problems at the intersection of energy and sustainability. In this problem, an online player attempts to purchase (alternatively, sell) fractional shares of an asset during a fixed time horizon with length $T$. At each time step, a cost function (

C. C. Y. Dorea, R. Vila, F. S. Quintino

The derivation of Birnbaum-Saunders (BS) fatigue-life distribution is based on the asymptotic normality of crack damages' partial sums. We address the situation when this fails and the crack damages possess heavy-tailed distribution. In this note, a general class of fatigue-life distributions of BS type is proposed.