December 2023 arXiv papers — page 100

Luke Lippstreu

We construct a perturbation theory which we conjecture to be free of the Coulomb-phase infrared divergence. This perturbation theory is developed for one of the simplest yet prototypical scattering amplitudes which would otherwise exhibit this divergence: the semiclassical scattering of a spinless boson on a background Coulomb field. The perturbation theory

Gregory A. L. White, Petar Jurcevic, Charles D. Hill, Kavan Modi

Noise on quantum devices is much more complex than it is commonly given credit. Far from usual models of decoherence, nearly all quantum devices are plagued both by a continuum of environments and temporal instabilities. These induce noisy quantum and classical correlations at the level of the circuit. The relevant spatiotemporal effects are difficult enough

Jay Chan, Xiangyang Ju, Adam Kania, Benjamin Nachman

Hadronization models used in event generators are physics-inspired functions with many tunable parameters. Since we do not understand hadronization from first principles, there have been multiple proposals to improve the accuracy of hadronization models by utilizing more flexible parameterizations based on neural networks. These recent proposals have focused

Márton Beke, László Koltai, Sarah Zampa

We extend a construction of Stipsicz-Szab\'{o} of infinitely many irreducible exotic smooth structures of some closed four-manifolds with even $b_2^+$ and fundamental group $\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$. We use the double node surgery and rational blow down constructions of Fintushel-Stern on some elliptic fibrations equipped with a free involution. The construct

Phoebe R. Upton Sanderbeck, Jarrett L. Johnson, Madeline A. Marshall

The supermassive black holes (SMBHs) that power active galactic nuclei found at $z > 6$ were formed during the epoch of reionization. Because reionization is an inhomogeneous process, the physical properties of SMBH host galaxy environments will vary spatially during reionization. We construct a semi-analytic model to estimate the impact of reionization on S

Jeger C. Broxterman, Matthieu Schaller, Joop Schaye, Henk Hoekstra

Weak gravitational lensing convergence peaks, the local maxima in weak lensing convergence maps, have been shown to contain valuable cosmological information complementary to commonly used two-point statistics. To exploit the full power of weak lensing for cosmology, we must model baryonic feedback processes because these reshape the matter distribution on n

Marco Calzà, João G. Rosa

In the string axiverse scenario, primordial black holes (PBHs) can sustain non-negligible spin parameters as they evaporate. We show that tracking both the mass and spin evolution of a PBH in its final hour can yield a purely gravitational probe of new physics beyond the TeV scale, allowing one to determine the number of new scalars, fermions, vector bosons,

Ena Choi, Rachel S. Somerville, Jeremiah P. Ostriker, Michaela Hirschmann

We investigate the fueling mechanisms of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) by analyzing ten zoom-in cosmological simulations of massive galaxies, with stellar masses $10^{11-12} M_{\odot}$ and SMBH masses $10^{8.9-9.7}$ at $z=0$ and featuring various major and minor merger events. By tracing the gas history in these simulations, we categorize the gas accreted

Matilde Signorini, Guido Risaliti, Elisabeta Lusso, Emanuele Nardini

A characteristic feature of quasars is the observed non-linear relationship between their monochromatic luminosities at rest-frame 2500 {\AA} and 2 keV. This relationship is evident across all redshifts and luminosities and, due to its non-linearity, can be implemented to estimate quasar distances and construct a Hubble Diagram for quasars. Historically, a s

Andrew M. Projansky, Joshuah T. Heath, James D. Whitfield

The entanglement level statistics of a quantum state have recently been proposed to be a signature of universality in the underlying quantum circuit. This is a consequence of level repulsion in the entanglement spectra being tied to the integrability of entanglement generated. However, such studies of the level-spacing statistics in the entanglement spectrum

Anke Biekötter, Benjamin D. Pecjak, Tommy Smith

We implement electroweak renormalisation schemes involving the effective weak mixing angle to NLO in Standard Model Effective Field Theory (SMEFT). After developing the necessary theoretical machinery, we analyse a select set of electroweak precision observables in such input schemes. An attractive feature is that large corrections from top-quark loops appea

Qingjun Jin, Ke Ren, Gang Yang, Rui Yu

In this paper, we build on our previous work to further investigate the role of evanescent operators in gauge theories, with a particular focus on their contribution to violations of unitarity. We develop an efficient method for calculating the norms of gauge-invariant operators in Yang-Mills (YM) theory by employing on-shell form factors. Our analysis, appl

Natalia Porraz Barrera, Sebastian Lopez, Laura A. Lopez, Adi Foord

We analyze 330 ks of {\it Chandra} X-ray imaging and spectra of the nearby, edge-on starburst and Seyfert Type 2 galaxy NGC 4945 to measure the hot gas properties along the galactic outflows. We extract and model spectra from 15 regions extending from $-$0.55 kpc to $+$0.85 kpc above and below the galactic disk to determine the best-fit parameters and metal

Gabriel Larios, Christopher N. Pope, Haoyu Zhang

We analyse the STU sectors of the four-dimensional maximal gauged supergravities with gauge groups ${\rm SO(8)}$, ${\rm SO(6)}\ltimes\mathbb{R}^{12}$ and $[{\rm SO(6)}\times{\rm SO(2)}]\ltimes\mathbb{R}^{12}$, and construct new domain-wall black-hole solutions in $D=4$. The consistent Kaluza-Klein embedding of these theories is obtained using the techniques

Vishnu Jejjala, Sukrut Mondkar, Ayan Mukhopadhyay, Rishi Raj

We apply machine learning to understand fundamental aspects of holographic duality, specifically the entropies obtained from the apparent and event horizon areas. We show that simple features of only the time series of the pressure anisotropy, namely the values and half-widths of the maxima and minima, the times these are attained, and the times of the first

Paolo Creminelli, Matteo Delladio, Oliver Janssen, Alessandro Longo

We study the $S$-matrix of Goldstones in the renormalizable theory of a $U(1)$ complex scalar at finite charge, i.e. in a state that breaks Lorentz invariance. The theory is weakly coupled so that this $S$-matrix exists at all energies. Unlike the Lorentz invariant case, the resulting $S$-matrix is not analytic in the exchanged (complexified) four-momentum.

Lam Hui, Ioanna Kourkoulou, Alberto Nicolis, Alessandro Podo

We investigate the analytic structure of scattering amplitudes in theories in which Lorentz invariance is spontaneously broken. We do so by computing and studying the S-matrix for a simple example: a superfluid described by a complex scalar with quartic interactions. The computation is confined to tree-level, for there are no absolutely stable single-particl

Pasquale Marra, Daisuke Inotani, Takeshi Mizushima, Muneto Nitta

Majorana zero modes have gained significant interest due to their potential applications in topological quantum computing and in the realization of exotic quantum phases. These zero-energy quasiparticle excitations localize at the vortex cores of two-dimensional topological superconductors or at the ends of one-dimensional topological superconductors. Here w

E. Sharpe

In this paper we discuss dilaton shifts (Euler counterterms) arising in decomposition of two-dimensional quantum field theories with higher-form symmetries. These take a universal form, reflecting underlying (noninvertible, quantum) symmetries. The first part of this paper constructs a general formula for such dilaton shifts, and discusses related computatio

Luca Sciarini, Sylvia Ekström, Patrick Eggenberger, Georges Meynet

Binary evolution codes are essential tools to help in understanding the evolution of binary systems. They contain a great deal of physics, for example stellar evolution, stellar interactions, mass transfer, tides, orbital evolution. Since many of these processes are difficult to account for in detail, we often rely on prescriptions obtained in earlier studie

Adrian Ka-Wai Chung, Pratik Wagle, Nicolas Yunes

We present a novel approach, $\textit{Metric pErTuRbations wIth speCtral methodS}$ (METRICS), to calculate the gravitational metric perturbations and the quasinormal-mode frequencies of rotating black holes of any spin without decoupling the linearized field equations. We demonstrate the method by applying it to perturbations of Kerr black holes of any spin,

Vijay Balasubramanian, Charlie Cummings

We develop a formalism for calculating the entanglement entropy of an arbitrary spatial region of a gravitating spacetime at a moment of time symmetry. The crucial ingredient is a path integral over embeddings of the region into the overall spacetime, interpretable as a sum over the edge modes associated with the region. We find that the entanglement entropy

Adam Ehrenberg, Joseph T. Iosue, Abhinav Deshpande, Dominik Hangleiter

Gaussian Boson Sampling is a promising method for experimental demonstrations of quantum advantage because it is easier to implement than other comparable schemes. While most of the properties of Gaussian Boson Sampling are understood to the same degree as for these other schemes, we understand relatively little about the statistical properties of its output

M. Lecroq, S. Charlot, A. Bressan, G. Bruzual

We investigate the nebular emission produced by young stellar populations using the new GALSEVN model based on the combination of the SEVN population-synthesis code including binary-star processes and the GALAXEV code for the spectral evolution of stellar populations. Photoionization calculations performed with the CLOUDY code confirm that accounting for bin

Amir Siraj

Motivated by recent measurements of the free-floating planet mass function at terrestrial masses, we consider the possibility that the solar system may have captured a terrestrial planet early in its history. We show that $\sim 1.2$ captured free-floating planets with mass strictly greater than that of Mars may exist in the outer solar system, with a median

Klaas Parmentier

As a toy model for the microscopic description of matter in de Sitter space, we consider a Hamiltonian acting on the spin-j representation of SU(2). This is a model with a finite-dimensional Hilbert space, from which quasinormal modes emerge in the large-spin limit. The path integral over coherent spin states can be evaluated at the semiclassical level and f

Bob Knighton, Sean Seet, Vit Sriprachyakul

We study string theory in three-dimensional Anti-de Sitter spacetime in the path integral formalism. We derive expressions for generic spectrally-flowed near-boundary vertex operators in the Wakimoto representation, and relate their correlation functions to covering maps from the worldsheet to the target space boundary. We show that the path integral structu

Sophie Koudmani, Rachel S. Somerville, Debora Sijacki, Martin A. Bourne

It is well established that supermassive black hole (SMBH) feedback is crucial for regulating the evolution of massive, if not all, galaxies. However, modelling the interplay between SMBHs and their host galaxies is challenging due to the vast dynamic range. Previous simulations have utilized simple subgrid models for SMBH accretion, while recent advancement

Noah S. J. Rogers, Allison L. Strom, Gwen C. Rudie, Ryan F. Trainor

Measurements of chemical abundances in high-$z$ star-forming (SF) galaxies place important constraints on the enrichment histories of galaxies and the physical conditions in the early universe. JWST is beginning to enable direct chemical abundance measurements in galaxies at $z$$>$2 via the detection of the faint T$_e$-sensitive auroral line [O III]$\lambda$

Wenjie Gong, Soonwon Choi

The rapid growth in size of quantum devices demands efficient ways to control them, which is challenging for systems with thousands of qubits or more. Here, we present a simple yet powerful solution: robust, site-dependent control of an arbitrary number of qubits in parallel with only minimal local tunability of the driving field. Inspired by recent experime

Joshua N. Benabou, Quentin Bonnefoy, Malte Buschmann, Soubhik Kumar

The quantum chromodynamics (QCD) axion may solve the strong CP problem and explain the dark matter (DM) abundance of our Universe. The axion was originally proposed to arise as the pseudo-Nambu Goldstone boson of global $\mathrm{U}(1)_{\rm PQ}$ Peccei-Quinn (PQ) symmetry breaking, but axions also arise generically in string theory as zero modes of higher-dim

Elliot Y. Davies, Stephanie Monty, Vasily Belokurov, Adam M. Dillamore

In this work, we look for evidence of a non-unity mass ratio binary dwarf galaxy merger in the Sagittarius stream. Simulations of such a merger show that, upon merging with a host, particles from the less-massive galaxy will often mostly be found in the extended stream and less-so in the central remnant. Motivated by these simulations, we use APOGEE DR17 che

Caroline D. Huang, Wenlong Yuan, Adam G. Riess, Warren Hack

The giant spiral galaxy M101 is host to the nearest recent Type Ia Supernova (SN 2011fe) and thus has been extensively monitored in the near-infrared to study the late-time lightcurve of the supernova. Leveraging this existing baseline of observations, we derive the first Mira-based distance to M101 by discovering and classifying a sample of 211 Miras with p

Alessandro Lupi, Giada Quadri, Marta Volonteri, Monica Colpi

Observations of $z \gtrsim 6$ quasars provide information on the early evolution of the most massive black holes (MBHs) and galaxies. Current observations, able to trace both gas and stellar properties, reveal a population of MBHs that is significantly more massive than expected from the local MBH-stellar mass relation. The population lies on, but mostly abo

Gabrielle Ross, Andrew Vanderburg, Zoë L. de Beurs, Karen A. Collins

We present a technique for verifying or refuting exoplanet candidates from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) mission by searching for nearby eclipsing binary stars using higher-resolution archival images from ground-based telescopes. Our new system is called Detecting and Evaluating A Transit: finding its Hidden Source in Time-domain Archival

Haoyu Guo, He Zhu, Sida Peng, Yuang Wang

This paper addresses the challenge of 3D instance segmentation by simultaneously leveraging 3D geometric and multi-view image information. Many previous works have applied deep learning techniques to 3D point clouds for instance segmentation. However, these methods often failed to generalize to various types of scenes due to the scarcity and low-diversity of

Qihang Zhang, Chaoyang Wang, Aliaksandr Siarohin, Peiye Zhuang

We are witnessing significant breakthroughs in the technology for generating 3D objects from text. Existing approaches either leverage large text-to-image models to optimize a 3D representation or train 3D generators on object-centric datasets. Generating entire scenes, however, remains very challenging as a scene contains multiple 3D objects, diverse and sc

Ilya Boldyrev, Sergey Gaifullin, Anton Shafarevich

Modified Derksen invariant HD*(X) of an affine variety X is a subalgebra in K[X] generated by kernels of all locally nilpotent derivations of K[X] with slices. If there is a locally nilpotent derivation of K[X] with a slice then X is a product of Y and a line, where Y is an affine variety. We prove that there are three possibilities: A) HD*(X) = K[X]; B) HD*

Kuan-Chih Huang, Weijie Lyu, Ming-Hsuan Yang, Yi-Hsuan Tsai

Recent temporal LiDAR-based 3D object detectors achieve promising performance based on the two-stage proposal-based approach. They generate 3D box candidates from the first-stage dense detector, followed by different temporal aggregation methods. However, these approaches require per-frame objects or whole point clouds, posing challenges related to memory ba

Stuart J. Masson, Zhenjie Yan, Jacquelyn Ho, Yue-Hui Lu

Atoms are not two-level systems, and their rich internal structure often leads to complex phenomena in the presence of light. Here, we analyze off-resonant light scattering including the full hyperfine and magnetic structure. We find a set of frequency detunings where the induced atomic dipole is the same irrespective of the Zeeman state, and where two-photo

Cassidy Laidlaw, Banghua Zhu, Stuart Russell, Anca Dragan

Reinforcement learning (RL) theory has largely focused on proving minimax sample complexity bounds. These require strategic exploration algorithms that use relatively limited function classes for representing the policy or value function. Our goal is to explain why deep RL algorithms often perform well in practice, despite using random exploration and much m

Sergio E. Aguilar-Gutierrez

We study extremal codimension-two areas and late-time bulk correlators between a pair of asymptotically de Sitter space universes connected through an Euclidean axion wormhole, in arbitrary dimensions. Assuming the validity of the de Sitter (dS)/conformal field theory (CFT) correspondence, we describe factorized Hilbert spaces for the putative boundary theor

Xijun Wang, Junbang Liang, Chun-Kai Wang, Kenan Deng

In this work, we propose an efficient Video-Language Alignment (ViLA) network. Our ViLA model addresses both efficient frame sampling and effective cross-modal alignment in a unified way. In our ViLA network, we design a new learnable text-guided Frame-Prompter together with a new cross-modal distillation (QFormer-Distiller) module. Pre-trained large image-l

Tsung-Han Wu, Giscard Biamby, David Chan, Lisa Dunlap

Current open-source Large Multimodal Models (LMMs) excel at tasks such as open-vocabulary language grounding and segmentation but can suffer under false premises when queries imply the existence of something that is not actually present in the image. We observe that existing methods that fine-tune an LMM to segment images significantly degrade their ability

Bernhard Jaeger, Andreas Geiger

Training a deep neural network to maximize a target objective has become the standard recipe for successful machine learning over the last decade. These networks can be optimized with supervised learning, if the target objective is differentiable. For many interesting problems, this is however not the case. Common objectives like intersection over union (IoU

Zeyu Ma, Alexander Raistrick, Lahav Lipson, Jia Deng

Procedural synthetic data generation has received increasing attention in computer vision. Procedural signed distance functions (SDFs) are a powerful tool for modeling large-scale detailed scenes, but existing mesh extraction methods have artifacts or performance profiles that limit their use for synthetic data. We propose OcMesher, a mesh extraction algorit

Bruno Cavalar, Eli Goldin, Matthew Gray, Peter Hall

There is a large body of work studying what forms of computational hardness are needed to realize classical cryptography. In particular, one-way functions and pseudorandom generators can be built from each other, and thus require equivalent computational assumptions to be realized. Furthermore, the existence of either of these primitives implies that $\rm{P}

I. A. Ramos-Pérez, I. Carraro-Haddad, F. Fainstein, D. L. Chafatinos

The ubiquitous phenomenon of synchronization is inherently characteristic of dynamical dissipative non-linear systems. In particular, synchronization has been theoretically and experimentally demonstrated for exciton-polariton condensates with time-independent coupling. Unlike that case, we theoretically investigate the effects of a fixed mechanical harmonic

Hiroyoshi Mitake, Hung V. Tran

Here, we study a level-set forced mean curvature flow with evolving spirals and the homogeneous Neumann boundary condition, which appears in a crystal growth model. Under some appropriate conditions on the forcing term, we prove that the solution is globally Lipschitz. We then study the large time average of the solution and deduce the asymptotic growth rate

Alexander Borzunov, Max Ryabinin, Artem Chumachenko, Dmitry Baranchuk

Large language models (LLMs) are useful in many NLP tasks and become more capable with size, with the best open-source models having over 50 billion parameters. However, using these 50B+ models requires high-end hardware, making them inaccessible to most researchers. In this work, we investigate methods for cost-efficient inference and fine-tuning of LLMs, c

Denis S. Krotov

We solve several first questions in the table of small parameters of completely regular (CR) codes in Hamming graphs $H(n,q)$. The most uplifting result is the existence of a $\{13,6,1;1,6,9\}$-CR code in $H(n,2)$, $n\ge 13$. We also establish the non-existence of a $\{11,4;3,6\}$-code and a $\{10,3;4,7\}$-code in $H(12,2)$ and $H(13,2)$. A partition of the

Alexander Perepechko

In this article, we describe the maximal unipotent subgroups of $\mathrm{Aut}(X)$, where $X$ is an affine algebraic variety. Every subgroup of this type has a structure analogous to that of the group of triangular automorphisms of $\mathbb{A}^n$. In particular, it is nested, that is, a countable increasing union of algebraic subgroups. We show that a subgrou

Anand Siththaranjan, Cassidy Laidlaw, Dylan Hadfield-Menell

In practice, preference learning from human feedback depends on incomplete data with hidden context. Hidden context refers to data that affects the feedback received, but which is not represented in the data used to train a preference model. This captures common issues of data collection, such as having human annotators with varied preferences, cognitive pro

Renato Fonseca, Michal Malinský, Václav Miřátský, Martin Zdráhal

We study the prospects of thermal leptogenesis in the framework of the minimal flipped $SU(5)$ unified model in which the RH neutrino mass scale emerges as a two-loop effect. Despite its strong suppression with respect to the unification scale which tends to disfavor leptogenesis in the standard Davidson-Ibarra regime (and a notoriously large washout of the

Milad Rezaei Hajidehi, Sraavan Sridhar, Margo Seltzer

Graph partitioning plays a pivotal role in various distributed graph processing applications, including graph analytics, graph neural network training, and distributed graph databases. Graphs that require distributed settings are often too large to fit in the main memory of a single machine. This challenge renders traditional in-memory graph partitioners inf

Artyom E. Emelin, Evgeny A. Grines, Tatiana A. Levanova

Heteroclinic cycles are widely used in neuroscience in order to mathematically describe different mechanisms of functioning of the brain and nervous system. Heteroclinic cycles and interactions between them can be a source of different types of nontrivial dynamics. For instance, as it was shown earlier, chaotic dynamics can appear as a result of interaction

Brandon Du Preez

Let $G=(V,E)$ be a connected graph. A subset $S\subset V$ is a cut of $G$ if $G-S$ is disconnected. A near triangulation is a 2-connected plane graph that has at most one face that is not a triangle. In this paper, we explore minimal cuts of 4-connected planar graphs. Our main result is that every minimal cut of a 4-connected planar graph $G$ is connected if

Lautaro Labarca, Othmane Benhayoune-Khadraoui, Alexandre Blais, Adrian Parra-Rodriguez

We provide a systematic method for constructing effective dispersive Lindblad master equations to describe weakly anharmonic superconducting circuits coupled by a generic dissipationless nonreciprocal linear system, with effective coupling parameters and decay rates written in terms of the immittance parameters characterizing the coupler. This article extend

Stéphane Detournay, Thomas Smoes, Raphaela Wutte

We devise new boundary conditions for the near-horizon geometries of extremal BTZ and Kerr black holes, as well as for the ultra-cold limit of the Kerr-de Sitter black hole. These boundary conditions are obtained as the higher-dimensional uplift of recently proposed boundary conditions in two-dimensional gravity. Their asymptotic symmetries consist in the se

Brad Cownden, Christiana Pantelidou, Miguel Zilhão

We study the stability of quasinormal modes (QNMs) in electrically charged black brane spacetimes that asymptote to AdS by means of the pseudospectrum. Methodologically, we adopt ingoing Eddington-Finkelstein coordinates to cast QNMs in terms of a generalised eigenvalue problem involving a non-selfadjoint operator; this simplifies the computation significant

Lephe S, Gifrin Fredik Raj S, Abijesh Euphrine A, Janaki S

Desirably, the world relies on the devices being compact, as they could drive to the increased functionality of integrated circuits at the provided footstep, that is becoming more reliable. To reduce the scalability over the devices, approach has been outlined utilizing the NDR mode reconfigurable functionality over the transistors. Being an individual devic

E. Holt Stewart, Douglas A. Barlow

We report here on how a known method from standard perturbation theory for estimating the energy of the D-line splitting in hydrogen can be modified to effectively approximate this quantity for all of the alkali metals. The approach utilizes a Rayleigh- Schrodinger perturbation theory first order correction to the energy. The perturbing Hamiltonian is the st

Harry Lane, Hao Zhang, David Dahlbom, Sam Quinn

Calculating dynamical spin correlations is essential for matching model magnetic exchange Hamiltonians to momentum-resolved spectroscopic measurements. A major numerical bottleneck is the diagonalization of the dynamical matrix, especially in systems with large magnetic unit cells, such as those with incommensurate magnetic structures or quenched disorder. I

Chih-Yu Lo, Po-Yao Chang

The topological R\'enyi and entanglement entropies depend on the bipartition of the manifold and the choice of the ground states. However, these entanglement quantities remain invariant under a coordinate transformation when the bipartition also undergoes the same transformation. In the context of topological quantum field theories, these coordinate transfor

Alexandre Variengien, Eric Winsor

When solving challenging problems, language models (LMs) are able to identify relevant information from long and complicated contexts. To study how LMs solve retrieval tasks in diverse situations, we introduce ORION, a collection of structured retrieval tasks spanning six domains, from text understanding to coding. Each task in ORION can be represented abstr

Omar Sánchez

We prove the local existence of solutions of the form $x^2+ct+g,$ with $g\in H^s(\mathbb R)$ and $s\geq 3,$ for the Muskat problem in the stable regime. We use energy methods to obtain a bound of $g$ in Sobolev spaces. In the proof we deal with the loss of the Rayleigh-Taylor condition at infinity and a new structure of the kernels in the equation. Remarkabl

Praneet Prakash, Yasa Baig, Francois J. Peaudecerf, Raymond E. Goldstein

In Nature there are significant relationships known between microorganisms from two kingdoms of life, as in the supply of vitamin B$_{12}$ by bacteria to algae. Such interactions motivate general investigations into the spatio-temporal dynamics of metabolite exchanges. Here we study by experiment and theory a model system: a coculture of the bacterium $B. su

Rolando de Santiago, Patrick DeBonis, Krishnendu Khan

In this paper we show that the cloning system construction of Skipper and Zaremsky [SZ21], under sufficient conditions, gives rise to Thompson-Like groups which are stable; in particular, these are McDuff groups in the sense of Deprez and Vaes [DV18]. This answers a question of Bashwinger and Zaremsky posed in [BZ23] in the affirmative. In the opposite direc

Bowen Wen, Wei Yang, Jan Kautz, Stan Birchfield

We present FoundationPose, a unified foundation model for 6D object pose estimation and tracking, supporting both model-based and model-free setups. Our approach can be instantly applied at test-time to a novel object without fine-tuning, as long as its CAD model is given, or a small number of reference images are captured. We bridge the gap between these tw

Zhuoyao Xin, Christopher Wu, Dong Liu, Chunming Gu

Image segmentation, real-value prediction, and cross-modal translation are critical challenges in medical imaging. In this study, we propose a versatile multi-task neural network framework, based on an enhanced Transformer U-Net architecture, capable of simultaneously, selectively, and adaptively addressing these medical image tasks. Validation is performed

Dipanjan Mandal, David Quigley

We study nucleation in the two dimensional Ising lattice-gas model of solute precipitation in the presence of randomly placed static and dynamic impurities. Impurity-solute and impurity-solvent interaction energies are varied whilst keeping other interaction energies fixed. In the case of static impurities, we observe a monotonic decrease in the nucleation r

Adam Deng, Alexandre Jacquillat

The emergence of 5G technologies opens opportunities to support mission-critical activities with high-speed Internet coverage. This paper defines a joint job-emitting vehicle routing problem with time windows to coordinate the operations of mission-oriented vehicles ("mission vehicles") and mobile emitters ("emitting vehicles"). This problem exhibits a joint

Boris Bukh, Michael Krivelevich, Bhargav Narayanan

We study several basic problems about colouring the $p$-random subgraph $G_p$ of an arbitrary graph $G$, focusing primarily on the chromatic number and colouring number of $G_p$. In particular, we show that there exist infinitely many $k$-regular graphs $G$ for which the colouring number (i.e., degeneracy) of $G_{1/2}$ is at most $k/3 + o(k)$ with high proba

Ayala Glick-Magid

The nonrelativistic effective field theory (NRET) is widely used in dark matter direct detection and charged-lepton flavor violation studies through $\mu \to e$ conversion. However, existing literature has not fully considered tensor couplings. This study fills this gap by utilizing an innovative tensor decomposition method, extending NRET to incorporate pre

Jan Mandrysch

In this article, we study the impact of self-interaction and multiparticle states on sustaining negative energies in relativistic quantum systems. For physically reasonable models, one usually requires bounds on both magnitude and duration of the accumulation of negative energy, typically given in form of a quantum energy inequality (QEI). Such bounds have a

Thomas Tanay, Matteo Maggioni

A recent trend among generalizable novel view synthesis methods is to learn a rendering operator acting over single camera rays. This approach is promising because it removes the need for explicit volumetric rendering, but it effectively treats target images as collections of independent pixels. Here, we propose to learn a global rendering operator acting ov

Chi Han, Kuan Wang, Camille Avestruz, Dhayaa Anbajagane

Subhalo dynamics in galaxy cluster host halos govern the observed distribution and properties of cluster member galaxies. We use the IllustrisTNG simulation to investigate the accretion and orbits of subhalos found in cluster-size halos. We find that the median change in the major axis direction of cluster-size host halos is approximately $80$ degrees betwee

Vadim Dudnikov

For H- charge exchange (stripping) injection to European Spallation Source (ESS) storage ring it is necessary to have H- ion source with a current of ~90 mA, pulses duration 3 ms, and repetition of 14 Hz (duty factor ~4%) extendable to repetition up to 28 Hz (df ~8%). Magnetron surface plasma H- source (SPS) with cesiation and active cathode and anode coolin

Francisco Bersetche, Francisco Fuica, Enrique Otarola, Daniel Quero

In this work, we use the integral definition of the fractional Laplace operator and study a sparse optimal control problem involving a fractional, semilinear, and elliptic partial differential equation as state equation; control constraints are also considered. We establish the existence of optimal solutions and first and second order optimality conditions.

Srikumar Sastry, Xin Xing, Aayush Dhakal, Subash Khanal

We focus on species distribution modeling using global-scale presence-only data, leveraging geographical and environmental features to map species ranges, as in previous studies. However, we innovate by integrating taxonomic classification into our approach. Specifically, we propose using a large language model to extract a latent representation of the taxon

Manfred G. Madritsch, Joël Rivat, Robert F. Tichy

We provide a construction of binary pseudorandom sequences based on Hardy fields $\mathcal{H}$ as considered by Boshernitzan. In particular we give upper bounds for the well distribution measure and the correlation measure defined by Mauduit and S\'ark\"ozy. Finally we show that the correlation measure of order $s$ is small only if $s$ is small compared to t

Alex Pomarol, Lindber Salas

We consider conformal transitions arising from the merging of IR and UV fixed points, expected to occur in QCD with a large enough number of flavors. We study the smoothness of physical quantities across this transition, being mostly determined by the logarithmic breaking of conformal invariance. We investigate this explicitly using holography where approach

Yiqun Liu, Hadi Amirpour, Mohsen Abdoli, Christian Timmerer

The integration of advanced video codecs into the streaming pipeline is growing in response to the increasing demand for high quality video content. However, the significant computational demand for advanced codecs like Versatile Video Coding (VVC) poses challenges for service providers, including longer encoding time and higher encoding cost. This challenge

Asad Khaliq

Computational problems are classified into computable and uncomputable problems. If there exists an effective procedure (algorithm) to compute a problem then the problem is computable otherwise it is uncomputable. Turing machines can execute any algorithm therefore every computable problem is Turing computable. Cardinality of Turing machines and computable p

Nicolas Casilli, Tahmid Kaisar, Luca Colombo, Siddhartha Ghosh

We report on a new class of Ising Machines (IMs) that rely on coupled parametric frequency dividers (PFDs) as macroscopic artificial spins. Unlike the IM counterparts based on subharmonic injection locking (SHIL), PFD IMs do not require strong injected continuous wave signals or applied DC voltages. Therefore, they show a significantly lower power consumptio

Ling-Hao Chen, Yuanshuo Zhang, Taohua Huang, Liangcai Su

Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in graph-related tasks, yet this accomplishment heavily relies on large-scale high-quality annotated datasets. However, acquiring such datasets can be cost-prohibitive, leading to the practical use of labels obtained from economically efficient sources such as web searches and user tags. Unfortunately, these labe

Elham Azizi, Loutfouz Zaman

We introduced a new framework to detect perceptual bugs using a Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, which detects bugs in video games as anomalies. The detected buggy frames are then clustered to determine the category of the occurred bug. The framework was evaluated on two First Person Shooter (FPS) games. Results show the effectiveness of the framework.

Steven Clontz

Several weakenings of the $T_2$ property for topological spaces, including $k$-Hausdorff, $KC$, weakly Hausdorff, semi-Hausdorff, $RC$, and $US$, have been studied by mathematicians. Here we provide a complete survey of how these properties do or do not relate to one another, including several new results to fill in the gaps in the existing literature, motiv

F. Domínguez, J. Racker

Baryogenesis at the TeV scale from CP-violating decays of a massive particle requires some way to avoid the washouts from processes closely related to the existence of CP violation. It has been proposed that one way can be baryogenesis from three-body decays (instead of two-body decays). In this work we revisit this statement and show that, similarly to two-

Kathryn Hess, Samuel Lavenir, Kelly Maggs

In this article we generalize the main structure theorems of rational homotopy theory to the persistent setting. Our main motivation is the computation of an explicit finite, cellular presentation of the persistent minimal model that completely characterizes the rational homotopy type of copersistent simply-connected spaces. We achieve this via an explicit c

Giorgio Cipolloni, László Erdős, Yuanyuan Xu

We prove that the spectral radius of a large random matrix $X$ with independent, identically distributed complex entries follows the Gumbel law irrespective of the distribution of the matrix elements. This solves a long-standing conjecture of Bordenave and Chafa{\"\i} and it establishes the first universality result for one of the most prominent extremal spe

Bencong Zhu, Guanyu Hu, Yang Xie, Lin Xu

The advent of next-generation sequencing-based spatially resolved transcriptomics (SRT) techniques has reshaped genomic studies by enabling high-throughput gene expression profiling while preserving spatial and morphological context. Nevertheless, there are inherent challenges associated with these new high-dimensional spatial data, such as zero-inflation, o

Xin You, Ming Ding, Minghui Zhang, Hanxiao Zhang

Precise boundary segmentation of volumetric images is a critical task for image-guided diagnosis and computer-assisted intervention, especially for boundary confusion in clinical practice. However, U-shape networks cannot effectively resolve this challenge due to the lack of boundary shape constraints. Besides, existing methods of refining boundaries overemp

Nihar Ranjan Dash, Sanjoy Dutta, R. Srikanth, Subhashish Banerjee

Quantum error-correcting codes (QECCs) and decoherence-free subspace (DFS) codes provide active and passive means, respectively, to address certain types of errors that arise during quantum computation. The latter technique is suitable to correct correlated errors with certain symmetries and the former to correct independent errors. The concatenation of a QE

William Alexandre, Clifford Gilmore, Sophie Grivaux

This paper is devoted to the study of typical properties (in the Baire Category sense) of certain classes of continuous linear operators acting on Fr\'echet algebras, endowed with the topology of pointwise convergence. Our main results show that within natural Polish spaces of continuous operators acting on the algebra $H(\mathbb{C})$ of entire functions on

Linn Boldt-Christmas, Fabio Lesjak, Ansgar Wehrhahn, Nikolai Piskunov

When observing the atmospheres of transiting exoplanets using high-resolution spectroscopy, one aims to detect well-resolved spectral features with high signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) as is possible today with modern spectrographs. However, obtaining such high-quality observations comes with a trade-off: a lower cadence of fewer, longer exposures across the tr

Dominic M. Bowman

Massive stars play a major role not only in stellar evolution but also galactic evolution theory. This is because of their dynamical interaction with binary companions, and because their strong winds and explosive deaths as supernovae provide chemical, radiative and kinematic feedback to their environments. Yet this feedback strongly depends on the physics o

J. Cseh, G. Riczu, D. G. Jenkins

Background: A recent inelastic alpha-scattering experiment [Phys. Rev. Lett. 129, 102701 (2022)] found $0^+$ resonances in $^{24}$Mg on and above the $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C break-up threshold. It has been conjectured that the states have a $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C cluster structure, and play a similar role in accelerating $^{12}$C+$^{12}$C fusion to the manner in which

Pei Yan, Shunquan Tan, Miaohui Wang, Jiwu Huang

Dynamic analysis methods effectively identify shelled, wrapped, or obfuscated malware, thereby preventing them from invading computers. As a significant representation of dynamic malware behavior, the API (Application Programming Interface) sequence, comprised of consecutive API calls, has progressively become the dominant feature of dynamic analysis methods

Yulia Zaitseva

We give a classification of noncommutative algebraic monoid structures on normal affine varieties such that the group of invertible elements of the monoid is connected, solvable, and has a one-dimensional unipotent radical. We describe the set of idempotents and the center of such a monoid and give a criterion for existence of the zero element.