December 2023 arXiv papers — page 7

Wouter J. E. C. van Eekelen

In this paper, we address the problem of bounding conditional expectations when moment information of the underlying distribution and the random event conditioned upon are given. To this end, we propose an adapted version of the generalized moment problem which deals with this conditional information through a simple transformation. By exploiting conic duali

Hoon Hong, Daniel Profili, J. Rafael Sendra

For two real symmetric matrices, their eigenvalue configuration is therelative arrangement of their eigenvalues on the real line. We consider the following problem: given two parametric real symmetric matrices and an eigenvalue configuration, find a simple condition on the parameters such that the two matrices have the given eigenvalue configuration. In this

Nisha Geng, Katerina P. Hilleke, Francesco Belli, Pratik Kumar Das

Inspired by the synthesis of the high-pressure Fm-3m LaH10 superconducting superhydride, systematic density functional theory (DFT) calculations are performed to study ternaries that could be derived from it by replacing two of the hydrogen atoms with boron or carbon and varying the identity of the electropositive element. Though many of the resulting alkali

Germán Vidal

Rollback recovery strategies are well-known in concurrent and distributed systems. In this context, recovering from unexpected failures is even more relevant given the non-deterministic nature of execution, which means that it is practically impossible to foresee all possible process interactions. In this work, we consider a message-passing concurrent progra

Si Zhang, Philip W. L. Fong

This paper proposes a computational model for policy administration. As an organization evolves, new users and resources are gradually placed under the mediation of the access control model. Each time such new entities are added, the policy administrator must deliberate on how the access control policy shall be revised to reflect the new reality. A well-desi

Jian He, Asma Khedher, Peter Spreij

This paper addresses the ``curse of dimensionality'' in the loss valuation of credit risk models. A dimension reduction methodology based on the Bayesian filter and smoother is proposed. This methodology is designed to achieve a fast and accurate loss valuation algorithm in credit risk modelling, but it can also be extended to valuation models of other risk

Richard H. Hammack, Paul C. Kainen

For strongly connected, pure $n$-dimensional regular CW-complexes, we show that {\it evenness} (each $(n{-}1)$-cell is contained in an even number of $n$-cells) is equivalent to generalizations of both cycle decomposition and traversability.

Lucas S. Marinho, Pedro R. Dieguez, Carlos H. S. Vieira, Irismar G. da Paz

The Gouy phase is essential for accurately describing various wave phenomena, ranging from classical electromagnetic waves to matter waves and quantum optics. In this work, we employ phase-space methods based on the cross-Wigner transformation to analyze spatial and temporal interference in the evolution of matter waves characterized initially by a correlate

Kavita Ramanan

Large ensembles of stochastically evolving interacting particles describe phenomena in diverse fields including statistical physics, neuroscience, biology, and engineering. In such systems, the infinitesimal evolution of each particle depends only on its own state (or history) and the states (or histories) of neighboring particles with respect to an underlyi

Weizheng Lu, Kaisheng He, Xuye Qin, Chengjie Li

Data science pipelines commonly utilize dataframe and array operations for tasks such as data preprocessing, analysis, and machine learning. The most popular tools for these tasks are pandas and NumPy. However, these tools are limited to executing on a single node, making them unsuitable for processing large-scale data. Several systems have attempted to dist

Vamsi K. Potluru, Daniel Borrajo, Andrea Coletta, Niccolò Dalmasso

Synthetic data has made tremendous strides in various commercial settings including finance, healthcare, and virtual reality. We present a broad overview of prototypical applications of synthetic data in the financial sector and in particular provide richer details for a few select ones. These cover a wide variety of data modalities including tabular, time-s

David Freire-Obregón, Javier Lorenzo-Navarro, Oliverio J. Santana, Daniel Hernández-Sosa

Re-identifying participants in ultra-distance running competitions can be daunting due to the extensive distances and constantly changing terrain. To overcome these challenges, computer vision techniques have been developed to analyze runners' faces, numbers on their bibs, and clothing. However, our study presents a novel gait-based approach for runners' re-

Gianluca Paolini

We prove that if $A$ is a computable Hopfian finitely presented structure, then $A$ has a computable $d$-$\Sigma_2$ Scott sentence if and only if the weak Whitehead problem for $A$ is decidable. We use this to infer that every hyperbolic group as well as any polycyclic-by-finite group has a computable $d$-$\Sigma_2$ Scott sentence, thus covering two main cla

Luis David García Puente, Elizabeth Gross, Heather A Harrington, Matthew Johnston

Motivated by the question of how biological systems maintain homeostasis in changing environments, Shinar and Feinberg introduced in 2010 the concept of absolute concentration robustness (ACR). A biochemical system exhibits ACR in some species if the steady-state value of that species does not depend on initial conditions. Thus, a system with ACR can maintai

Erik C. Johnson, Thinh T. Nguyen, Benjamin K. Dichter, Frank Zappulla

Scientists are increasingly leveraging advances in instruments, automation, and collaborative tools to scale up their experiments and research goals, leading to new bursts of discovery. Various scientific disciplines, including neuroscience, have adopted key technologies to enhance collaboration, reproducibility, and automation. Drawing inspiration from adva

Mahmoud Payami

The magnetic state of UO$_2$ was determined experimentally to be anti-ferromagnetic. Starting from this experimental fact, researchers have calculated other properties within the Hubbard-corrected density-functional theory, DFT+U. Up to now, the Hubbard parameters for UO$_2$ were usually so chosen that the calculations give good results for some experimental

Ningxi Wei, Xinze Zhou, Wei-Min Huang, Thomas McAndrew

Seasonal influenza causes on average 425,000 hospitalizations and 32,000 deaths per year in the United States. Forecasts of influenza-like illness (ILI) -- a surrogate for the proportion of patients infected with influenza -- support public health decision making. The goal of an ensemble forecast of ILI is to increase accuracy and calibration compared to ind

Rahul Agrawal, Sanjeeb Bose, Parviz Moin

This article proposes a Reynolds number scaling of the required grid points to perform wall-modeled LES of turbulent flows encountering separation off a solid surface. Based on comparisons between the various time scales in a non-equilibrium (due to the action of an external pressure gradient) turbulent boundary layer, a simple definition of the near-wall ``

D Dada, M D Mochena

Quantum plasmonics of few electrons that was reported a few years ago in photodoping experiments has received little or no attention in doped nanomaterials both theoretically and experimentally. There are no studies of quantum plasmonics of large quantum dots of the size of Bohr excitonic radius or less that take electronic and geometric structure of the qua

Bruce D. Lee, Anders Rantzer, Nikolai Matni

The strategy of pre-training a large model on a diverse dataset, then fine-tuning for a particular application has yielded impressive results in computer vision, natural language processing, and robotic control. This strategy has vast potential in adaptive control, where it is necessary to rapidly adapt to changing conditions with limited data. Toward concre

Paweł Leszczyński, Kamil Kutorasiński, Marcin Szewczyk, Jarosław Pawłowski

We present a general framework for modeling power magnetic materials characteristics using deep neural networks. Magnetic materials represented by multidimensional characteristics (that mimic measurements) are used to train the neural autoencoder model in an unsupervised manner. The encoder is trying to predict the material parameters of a theoretical model,

Jason M. Altschuler, Sinho Chewi

We apply the shifted composition rule -- an information-theoretic principle introduced in our earlier work [AC23] -- to establish shift Harnack inequalities for the Langevin diffusion. We obtain sharp constants for these inequalities for the first time, allowing us to investigate their relationship with other properties of the diffusion. Namely, we show that

Richard H. Hammack, Paul C. Kainen

Beineke, Harary and Ringel discovered a formula for the minimum genus of a torus in which the $n$-dimensional hypercube graph can be embedded. We give a new proof of the formula by building this surface as a union of certain faces in the hypercube's 2-skeleton. For odd dimension $n$, the entire 2-skeleton decomposes into $(n-1)/2$ copies of the surface, and

David Edward Bruschi, André Xuereb, Robert Zeier

In this work we are motivated by factorization of bosonic quantum dynamics and we study the corresponding Lie algebras, which can potentially be infinite dimensional. To characterize such factorization, we identify conditions for these Lie algebras to be finite dimensional. We consider cases where each free Hamiltonian term is itself an element of the genera

Florencia Benítez, Guzmán Hernández-Chifflet, Esteban Mato

The description of the $T\bar{T}$ deformation in terms of two-dimensional gravity is analyzed from the Hamiltonian point of view, in a manner analogous to the ADM description of general relativity. We find that the Hamiltonian constraints of the theory imply relations between target-space momentum at finite volume which are equivalent to the $T\bar{T}$ finit

Hong Xu, Alan Morris, Shireen Y. Elhabian

Statistical Shape Modeling (SSM) is a quantitative method for analyzing morphological variations in anatomical structures. These analyses often necessitate building models on targeted anatomical regions of interest to focus on specific morphological features. We propose an extension to \particle-based shape modeling (PSM), a widely used SSM framework, to all

Jae Hwang Lee

For $X$ a smooth projective variety, the quantum cohomology ring $QH^*(X)$ is a deformation of the usual cohomology ring $H^*(X)$, where the product structure is modified to incorporate quantum corrections. These correction terms are defined using Gromov-Witten invariants. When $X$ is toric with the geometric quotient description $V /\!/ T$, the cohomology r

David Guirguis, Conrad Tucker, Jack Beuth

Addressing the uncertainty and variability in the quality of 3D printed metals can further the wide spread use of this technology. Process mapping for new alloys is crucial for determining optimal process parameters that consistently produce acceptable printing quality. Process mapping is typically performed by conventional methods and is used for the design

Aimar Nicolas

The centre of the Milky Way hosts a supermassive black hole of 4 million solar masses called Sagittarius A*. This object has been observed for more than 20 years in the near infrared. This has confirmed some effects of General Relativity. In addition, recurrent observations have made it possible to detect flares, i.e. a much larger flux than the average, wit

Giovanni Rodari, Davide Poderini, Emanuele Polino, Alessia Suprano

Analyzing the geometry of correlation sets constrained by general causal structures is of paramount importance for foundational and quantum technology research. Addressing this task is generally challenging, prompting the development of diverse theoretical techniques for distinct scenarios. Recently, novel hybrid scenarios combining different causal assumpti

Mena Rizk, Daniela Rosu, Mark Fox

A critical function of an organization is to foster the level of integration (coordination and cooperation) necessary to achieve its objectives. The need to coordinate and motivation to cooperate emerges from the myriad dependencies between an organization's members and their work. Therefore, to reason about solutions to coordination and cooperation problems

Sathesh Mariappan, Kamaljyoti Nath, George Em Karniadakis

We introduce a physics-informed neural network (PINN) method to study thermoacoustic interactions leading to combustion instability in combustors. Specifically, we employ a PINN to investigate thermoacoustic interactions in a bluff body anchored flame combustor, representative of ramjet and industrial combustors. Vortex shedding and acoustic oscillations app

Observatory Bibliographers Collaboration, Raffaele D'Abrusco, Monique Gomez, Uta Grothkopf

Observatories need to measure and evaluate the scientific output and overall impact of their facilities. An observatory bibliography consists of the papers published using that observatory's data, typically gathered by searching the major journals for relevant keywords. Recently, the volume of literature and methods by which the publications pool is evaluate

A. P. Meilakhs

We examine the transmission of quantum particles (phonons, electrons, and photons) across interfaces, identifying universal patterns in diverse physical scenarios. Starting with classical wave equations, we quantize them and derive kinetic equations. Those are matching conditions for the distribution functions of particles at the interface. We note the time

Alex Zarifis, Richard Ingham, Julia Kroenung

The text in the profile of those offering their properties in England in English and in Germany in German, are compared to explore whether trust is built, and privacy concerns are reduced in the same way. Six methods of building trust are used by the landlords: (1) the level of formality, (2) distance and proximity, (3) emotiveness and humor, (4) being asser

Kandan Ramakrishnan, R. James Cotton, Xaq Pitkow, Andreas S. Tolias

Recent work on object-centric world models aim to factorize representations in terms of objects in a completely unsupervised or self-supervised manner. Such world models are hypothesized to be a key component to address the generalization problem. While self-supervision has shown improved performance however, OOD generalization has not been systematically an

Wesley A. Chen, Bryant A. Lopez, Haley B. Obenshain, Moses Villeda

The life cycle of most marine invertebrates includes a planktonic larval stage before metamorphosis to bottom-dwelling adulthood. During larval stage, ciliary-mediated activity enables feeding (capture unicellular algae) and transport of materials (oxygen) required for the larva's growth, development, and successful metamorphosis. Investigating the underlyin

Elliot Creager, Richard Zemel

Research on algorithmic recourse typically considers how an individual can reasonably change an unfavorable automated decision when interacting with a fixed decision-making system. This paper focuses instead on the online setting, where system parameters are updated dynamically according to interactions with data subjects. Beyond the typical individual-level

Simran Arora

The late time acceleration of the Universe has challenged contemporary cosmology since its discovery. General Relativity explains this phenomenon by introducing the cosmological constant, named the standard cosmological model ($\Lambda$CDM). However, the cosmological constant solution has several drawbacks that have led cosmologists to explore and propose al

Vasily Vasyunin, Pavel Zatitskii

With this paper, we begin a series of studies of extremal problems for estimating distributions of martingale transforms of bounded martingales. The Bellman functions corresponding to such problems are pointwise minimal diagonally concave functions on a horizontal strip, satisfying certain given boundary conditions. We describe the basic structures that aris

Kevin Wang, Jason Ramos, Ramon Lawrence

With the rapid evolution of Natural Language Processing (NLP), Large Language Models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have emerged as powerful tools capable of transforming various sectors. Their vast knowledge base and dynamic interaction capabilities represent significant potential in improving education by operating as a personalized assistant. However, the possibilit

Lucas Spangher, William Arnold, Alexander Spangher, Andrew Maris

The physical sciences require models tailored to specific nuances of different dynamics. In this work, we study outcome predictions in nuclear fusion tokamaks, where a major challenge are \textit{disruptions}, or the loss of plasma stability with damaging implications for the tokamak. Although disruptions are difficult to model using physical simulations, ma

Ammar Jahin, Yuan-Ming Lu, Yuxuan Wang

Higher-order topological insulators in two spatial dimensions display fractional corner charges. While fractional charges in one dimension are known to be captured by a many-body bulk invariant, computed by the Resta formula, a many-body bulk invariant for higher-order topology and the corresponding fractional corner charges remains elusive despite several a

Matias Castro-Tapia, Claudia Aguilera-Gómez, Julio Chanamé

Low-mass giants with large amounts of lithium (Li) have challenged stellar evolution for decades. One of the possibilities usually discussed to explain them involves the interaction with a close binary companion. This predicts that when compared against their non-enriched counterparts, Li-rich giants should preferentially be found as part of binary systems.

Yakov Shlapentokh-Rothman, Maxime Van de Moortel

We consider the massive scalar field equation $\Box_{g_{RN}} \phi = m^2 \phi$ on any subextremal Reissner--Nordstr\"{o}m exterior metric $g_{RN}$. We prove that solutions with localized initial data decay pointwise-in-time at the polynomial rate $t^{-\frac{5}{6}+\delta}$ in any spatially compact region (including the event horizon), for some small $ \delta\l

Alexander M. Grant

The usual gravitational wave memory effect can be understood as a change in the separation of two initially comoving observers due to a burst of gravitational waves. Over the past few decades, a wide variety of other, "persistent" observables which measure permanent effects on idealized detectors have been introduced, each probing distinct physical effects.

Yifan Cai, Tao Wang, Liu Zhao

Based on the covariant underdamped and overdamped Langevin equations with Stratonovich coupling to multiplicative noises and the associated Fokker-Planck equations on Riemannian manifold, we present the first law of stochastic thermodynamics on the trajectory level. The corresponding fluctuation theorems are also established, with the total entropy productio

G. Mountrichas, A. Viitanen, F. J. Carrera, H. Stiele

In this work, we compare the SMBH and host galaxy properties of X-ray obscured and unobscured AGN. For that purpose, we use $\sim 35 000$ X-ray detected AGN in the 4XMM-DR11 catalogue for which there are available measurements for their X-ray spectral parameters, from the XMM2Athena Horizon 2020 European project. We calculate the host galaxy properties via S

Takahiro S. Yamamoto, Ryoto Inui, Yuichiro Tada, Shuichiro Yokoyama

The subsolar mass primordial black hole (PBH) attracts attention as robust evidence of its primordial origin against the astrophysical black hole. Not only with themselves, PBHs can also form binaries with ordinary astrophysical objects, catching them by gravitational wave (GW) bremsstrahlung. We discuss the detectability of the inspiral GWs from binaries co

Hong-Yi Zhang

Dark matter constitutes $26\%$ of the total energy in our universe, but its nature remains elusive. Among the assortment of viable dark matter candidates, particles and fields with masses lighter than $40 \mathrm{eV}$, called ultralight dark matter, stand out as particularly promising thanks to their feasible production mechanisms, consistency with current o

Liang Ma, Yi Pang, H. Lu

We show that the bosonic sector of the $N=(1,0),\, 6D$ Salam-Sezgin gauged supergravity model possesses a $T$-duality symmetry upon a circle reduction to $D=5$. We then construct a simple magnetic rotating string solution with two equal angular momenta. Applying the $T$-duality transformation to this solution, we obtain the general boosted rotating dyonic bl

Nima Arkani-Hamed, Qu Cao, Jin Dong, Carolina Figueiredo

We present a new formulation for Yang-Mills scattering amplitudes in any number of dimensions and at any loop order, based on the same combinatorial and binary-geometric ideas in kinematic space recently used to give an all-order description of Tr $\phi^3$ theory. We propose that in a precise sense the amplitudes for a suitably "stringy" form of these two th

Shing Yan Li, Washington Taylor

We consider phenomenological aspects of a natural class of Standard Model-like supersymmetric F-theory vacua realized through flux breaking of rigid $E_7$ gauge factors. Three generations of Standard Model matter are realized in many of these vacua. We further find that many other Standard Model-like features are naturally compatible with these constructions

Zheng Zhou, Davide Gaiotto, Yin-Chen He, Yijian Zou

Defects are common in physical systems with boundaries, impurities or extensive measurements. The interaction between bulk and defect can lead to rich physical phenomena. Defects in gapless phases of matter with conformal symmetry usually flow to a defect conformal field theory (dCFT). Understanding the universal properties of dCFTs is a challenging task. In

Jinwei Chu, Savan Kharel

We investigate the embedding formalism in conjunction with the Mellin transform to determine tree-level gluon amplitudes in AdS/CFT. Detailed computations of three to five-point correlators are conducted, ultimately distilling what were previously complex results for five-point correlators into a more succinct and comprehensible form. We then proceed to deri

Kanak Raj, Kaushik Roy, Vamshi Bonagiri, Priyanshul Govil

Personalizing conversational agents can enhance the quality of conversations and increase user engagement. However, they often lack external knowledge to appropriately tend to a user's persona. This is particularly crucial for practical applications like mental health support, nutrition planning, culturally sensitive conversations, or reducing toxic behavior

Mykola Dedushenko

We start with the SCFT/VOA correspondence formulated in the Omega-background approach, and connect it to the boundary VOA in 3d $\mathcal{N}=4$ theories and chiral algebras of 2d $\mathcal{N}=(0,2)$ theories. This is done using the dimensional reduction of the 4d theory on the topologically twisted and Omega-deformed cigar, performed in two steps. This paves

Marieke van Beest, Philip Boyle Smith, Diego Delmastro, Rishi Mouland

We study the scattering of fermions off 't Hooft lines in the Standard Model. A long-standing paradox suggests that the outgoing fermions necessarily carry fractional quantum numbers. In a previous paper, we resolved this paradox in the context of a number of toy models where we showed that the outgoing radiation is created by operators that are attached to

Jacob L. Bourjaily

We describe a new set of public, self-contained, and versatile computational tools for the investigation, manipulation, and evaluation of tree-level amplitudes in pure (super)Yang-Mills and (super)Gravity, $\phi^p$-scalar field theory, and various other theories related to these through the double-copy. The package brings together a diverse set of frameworks

Andrea De Luca, Chunxiao Liu, Adam Nahum, Tianci Zhou

We consider universal aspects of two problems: (i) the slow purification of a large number of qubits by repeated quantum measurements, and (ii) the singular value structure of a product ${m_t m_{t-1}\ldots m_1}$ of many large random matrices. Each kind of process is associated with the decay of natural measures of entropy as a function of time or of the numb

Enrico Celeghini, Manuel Gadella, Mariano A. del Olmo

We consider a basis of square integrable functions on a rectangle, contained in $R^2$, constructed with Legendre polynomials, suitable, for instance, for the analogical description of images on the plane or in other fields of application of the Legendre polynomials in higher dimensions. After extending the Legendre polynomials to any arbitrary interval of th

Long B. Nguyen, Noah Goss, Karthik Siva, Yosep Kim

High-dimensional quantum information processing has emerged as a promising avenue to transcend hardware limitations and advance the frontiers of quantum technologies. Harnessing the untapped potential of the so-called qudits necessitates the development of quantum protocols beyond the established qubit methodologies. Here, we present a robust, hardware-effic

Pantelis Panopoulos, Ioannis Papadimitriou

We provide a first principles derivation of the supersymmetric Casimir energy of $\mathcal{N}=1$ SCFTs in four dimensions using the supercharge algebra on general conformal supergravity backgrounds that admit Killing spinors. The superconformal Ward identities imply that there exists a continuous family of conserved R-currents on supersymmetric backgrounds,

Leon Hostetler, Ryo Sakai, Jin Zhang, Alexei Bazavov

Motivated by attempts to quantum simulate lattice models with continuous Abelian symmetries using discrete approximations, we study an extended-O(2) model in two dimensions that differs from the ordinary O(2) model by the addition of an explicit symmetry breaking term $-h_q\cos(q\varphi)$. Its coupling $h_q$ allows to smoothly interpolate between the O(2) mo

Quang-Ha Ngo, Bang L. H. Nguyen, Tuyen V. Vu, Jianhua Zhang

State estimation is highly critical for accurately observing the dynamic behavior of the power grids and minimizing risks from cyber threats. However, existing state estimation methods encounter challenges in accurately capturing power system dynamics, primarily because of limitations in encoding the grid topology and sparse measurements. This paper proposes

Mathew Gluck

In this work we consider a system of quasilinear elliptic equations driven by an anisotropic $p$-Laplacian. The lower-order nonlinearities are in potential form and exhibit critical Sobolev growth. We exhibit conditions on the coefficients of the differential operator, the domain of the unknown function, and the lower-order nonlinearities under which nontriv

Taro V. Brown, Umut Oktem, Shruti Paranjape, Jaroslav Trnka

We study a novel geometric expansion for scattering amplitudes in the planar sector of N=4 super Yang-Mills theory, in the context of the Amplituhedron which reproduces the all-loop integrand as a canonical differential form on the positive geometry. In a paper by Arkani-Hamed, Henn and one of the authors, it was shown that this result can be recast in terms

Xiangyu Xu, Giuseppe Vinci

The persistent issue of wrongful convictions in the United States emphasizes the need for scrutiny and improvement of the criminal justice system. While statistical methods for the evaluation of forensic evidence, including glass, fingerprints, and DNA, have significantly contributed to solving intricate crimes, there is a notable lack of national-level stan

Hanqing Liu, Tanmoy Bhattacharya, Shailesh Chandrasekharan, Rajan Gupta

We investigate the possibility of reproducing the continuum physics of 2d SU(N) gauge theory coupled to a single flavor of massless Dirac fermions using qubit regularization. The continuum theory is described by N free fermions in the ultraviolet (UV) and a coset Wess-Zumino-Witten (WZW) model in the infrared (IR). In this work, we explore how well these fea

P. S. Bhupal Dev, Rabindra N. Mohapatra, Yongchao Zhang

We propose a simple interpretation of the $\gamma\gamma$ excesses reported by both CMS and ATLAS groups at 95 GeV together with the LEP excess in the $Zb\bar{b}$ channel around the same mass in terms of a neutral scalar field in the minimal left-right symmetric model (LRSM). We point out that the scalar field which implements the seesaw mechanism for neutrin

Eduardo Zubizarreta Casalengua, Elena del Valle, Fabrice P. Laussy

We provide a mechanism to imprint local temporal correlations in photon streams which have the same character as spatial correlations in liquids. Usual single-photon emitters correspond, in this picture, to a (temporal) gas while uncorrelated light is the ideal gas. We argue that good single-photon sources are those that exhibit such temporal liquid features

Andrew Fishberg, Brian Quiter, Jonathan P. How

Inter-agent relative localization is critical for many multi-robot systems operating in the absence of external positioning infrastructure or prior environmental knowledge. We propose a novel inter-agent relative 3D pose estimation system where each participating agent is equipped with several ultra-wideband (UWB) ranging tags. Prior work typically supplemen

Ning Dai, Wei Yu Tang, Tianshuo Zhou, David H. Mathews

The tasks of designing RNAs are discrete optimization problems, and several versions of these problems are NP-hard. As an alternative to commonly used local search methods, we formulate these problems as continuous optimization and develop a general framework for this optimization based on a generalization of classical partition function which we call "expec

Raymond T. Co, Masaki Yamada

Axion rotations can simultaneously explain the dark matter abundance and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe by kinetic misalignment and axiogenesis. We consider a scenario in which the Peccei-Quinn symmetry breaking field is as large as the Planck scale during inflation and the axion rotation is initiated by the inflaton-induced potential immediately after

Kyounghee Kim

n this article, we define orbit data for birational maps of $\mathbf{P}^2(\mathbb{C})$ and show that this data uniquely determines the dynamical degree by providing minimal polynomials for dynamical degrees in terms of orbit data. Leveraging this relationship, we recursively identify all Salem and Pisot numbers that appear in the Weyl spectrum of the union o

Lei Yang

We introduce a novel generative model, the Discrete Distribution Networks (DDN), that approximates data distribution using hierarchical discrete distributions. We posit that since the features within a network inherently capture distributional information, enabling the network to generate multiple samples simultaneously, rather than a single output, may offe

Yilong Zhang

Consider a one-parameter family of smooth projective varieties X_t which degenerate into a simple normal crossing divisor at t=0. What is the dual variety in the limit? We answer this question for a hypersurface of degree d degenerate to the union of two hypersurfaces of degree d_1 and d-d_1 meeting transversely. We find all the irreducible components of the

Gil Goffer, Be'eri Greenfeld

We show that the semigroup Zariski topology on a group can be strictly coarser than the group Zariski topology on it, answering a question of Elliott, Jonusas, Mesyan, Mitchell, Morayne, and Peresse.

Aishwarya Seth, Saikath Bhattacharya, Sarah Elder, Nusrat Zahan

Security resources are scarce, and practitioners need guidance in the effective and efficient usage of techniques and tools available in the cybersecurity industry. Two emerging tool types, Interactive Application Security Testing (IAST) and Runtime Application Self-Protection (RASP), have not been thoroughly evaluated against well-established counterparts s

Lesław Rachwał, Públio Rwany B. R. do Vale

The six-derivative conformal scalar operator was originally found by Hamada in its critical dimension of spacetime, $d=6$. We generalize this construction to arbitrary dimensions $d$ by adding new terms cubic in gravitational curvatures and by changing its coefficients of expansion in various curvature terms. The consequences of global scale-invariance and o

Jing-Peng Ye, Zhi-Qing He, Ai-Xu Zhou, Zi-Yang Huang

Recently, a black hole model in loop quantum gravity has been proposed by Lewandowski, Ma, Yang and Zhang (Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{130}, 101501 (2023)). The metric tensor of the quantum black hole (QBH) is a suitably modified Schwarzschild one. In this paper, we calculate the radius of light ring and obtain the linear approximation of it with respect to the

Martin J. Falk, Adam T. Strupp, Benjamin Scellier, Arvind Murugan

The backpropagation method has enabled transformative uses of neural networks. Alternatively, for energy-based models, local learning methods involving only nearby neurons offer benefits in terms of decentralized training, and allow for the possibility of learning in computationally-constrained substrates. One class of local learning methods constrasts the d

Xusen Cheng, Xueyin Wang, Jianqing Huang, Alex Zarifis

On the one hand, a growing amount of research discusses support for improving online collaborative learning quality, and many indicators are focused to assess its success. On the other hand, thinkLets for designing reputable and valuable collaborative processes have been developed for more than ten years. However, few studies try to apply thinkLets to online

Jin-Long Wu, Matthew E. Levine, Tapio Schneider, Andrew Stuart

Complex dynamical systems are notoriously difficult to model because some degrees of freedom (e.g., small scales) may be computationally unresolvable or are incompletely understood, yet they are dynamically important. For example, the small scales of cloud dynamics and droplet formation are crucial for controlling climate, yet are unresolvable in global clim

Didier Pilod, Frédéric Valet

We prove the asymptotic stability of a finite sum of well-ordered solitary waves for the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation in dimensions two and three. Moreover, we derive a qualitative version of the orbital stability result which turns out to be useful for the study of the collision of two solitary waves. The proof extends the ideas of Martel, Merle and Tsai for

Clément Dupont, Erik Panzer, Brent Pym

We introduce a natural geometric framework for the study of logarithmically divergent integrals on manifolds with corners and algebraic varieties, using the techniques of logarithmic geometry. Key to the construction is a new notion of morphism in logarithmic geometry itself, introduced by Howell, which allows us to interpret the ubiquitous rule of thumb ''$

Rafał Bistroń, Jakub Czartowski, Karol Życzkowski

Many alternative approaches to construct quantum channels with large entangling capacity were proposed in the past decade, resulting in multiple isolated gates. In this work, we put forward a novel one, inspired by convolution, which provides greater freedom of nonlocal parameters. Although quantum counterparts of convolution have been shown not to exist for

Marco Frasca, Stefan Groote

We consider some non-linear non-homogeneous partial differential equations (PDEs) and derive their exact Green function solution as a functional Taylor expansion in powers of the source. The kind of PDEs we consider are dispersive ones where the exact solution of the corresponding homogeneous equations can have some known shape. The technique has a formal si

D. B. Abraham, A. Maciolek, A. Squarcini

Critical wetting is of crucial importance for the phase behaviour of a simple fluid or Ising magnet confined between walls that exert opposing surface fields so that one wall favours liquid (spin up), while the other favours gas (spin down). We show that arrays of boxes filled with fluid or Ising magnet and linked by channels with such ``opposing'' walls can

David B. Dahl, Richard L. Warr, Thomas P. Jensen

Although exchangeable processes from Bayesian nonparametrics have been used as a generating mechanism for random partition models, we deviate from this paradigm to explicitly incorporate clustering information in the formulation of our random partition model. Our shrinkage partition distribution takes any partition distribution and shrinks its probability ma

Di Zhang, Katherine J. Harmon, Michael J. Zachman, Ping Lu

Developing novel lead-free ferroelectric materials is crucial for next-generation microelectronic technologies that are energy efficient and environment friendly. However, materials discovery and property optimization are typically time-consuming due to the limited throughput of traditional synthesis methods. In this work, we use a high-throughput combinator

A. V. Borisov, A. P. Isaev

In this review, the seesaw mechanism for generating the mass of active light neutrinos (both Majorana and Dirac) is considered on the basis of effective field theory. In particular, we review certain models that extend the Standard Model by introducing heavy sterile neutrinos and discuss the corresponding mechanisms for generating small masses of active neut

Eric Duverger, Damien Riedel

Integrating nanoscale opto-electronic functions is vital for applications such as optical emitters, detectors, and quantum information. Lanthanide atoms show great potential in this endeavor due to their intrinsic transitions. Here, we investigate Er adatoms on Si(100)-2x1 at 9K using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) coupled to a tunable laser. Er adato

Faris B. Mismar

This is our final issue of the quick primer on the use of Python to build a wireless communications prototype. This prototype simulates multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) systems for a single orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol. Further, it shows several artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) use cases and introduc

Philippe G. LeFloch, Yue Ma

This paper is a part of a series devoted to the Euclidean-hyperboloidal foliation method introduced by the authors for investigating the global existence problem associated with nonlinear systems of coupled wave-Klein-Gordon equations with small data. This method was developed especially for investigating the initial value problem for the Einstein-massive fi

Saurav Goyal, Sven-Olaf Moch, Vaibhav Pathak, Narayan Rana

We present the first results for the next-to-next-to leading order (NNLO) corrections to the semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering process in perturbative quantum chromodynamics. We consider the quark initiated flavor non-singlet process and obtain the complete contributions analytically at leading color. All relevant virtual and real emission Feynman dia

Li Du, Afra Amini, Lucas Torroba Hennigen, Xinyan Velocity Yu

Recent papers have demonstrated the possibility of energy-based text generation by adapting gradient-based sampling algorithms, a paradigm of MCMC algorithms that promises fast convergence. However, as we show in this paper, previous attempts on this approach to text generation all fail to sample correctly from the target language model distributions. To add

Alex Zarifis, Xusen Cheng

Central Bank Digital Currencies (CBDCs) have been implemented by only a handful of countries, but they are being explored by many more. CBDCs are digital currencies issued and backed by a central bank. Consumer trust can encourage or discourage the adoption of this currency, which is also a payment system and a technology. This research attempts to understan

Gonçalo Oliveira, Rosa Sena-Dias

Using an ansatz due to LeBrun we construct complete scalar-flat K\"ahler metrics with a prescribed varying conical singularity along a divisor.

Shannon Starr, Erik Wu

The distribution for the minimum of Brownian motion or the Cauchy process is well-known using the reflection principle. Here we consider the problem of finding the sample-by-sample minimum, which we call the online minimum search. We consider the possibility of the golden search method, but we show quantitatively that the bisection method is more efficient.