March 2024 arXiv papers — page 156

Abhishek Rose, Sorav Bansal

End-to-End Translation Validation is the problem of verifying the executable code generated by a compiler against the corresponding input source code for a single compilation. This becomes particularly hard in the presence of dynamically-allocated local memory where addresses of local memory may be observed by the program. In the context of validating the tr

Salim Janji, Paweł Sroka, Adrian Kliks

Drony, dzi\k{e}ki mo\.zliwo\'sci ich szybkiego rozmieszczenia w trudnym terenie, uwa\.zane s\k{a} za jeden z kluczowych element\'ow system\'ow bezprzewodowych 6G. Jednak w celu wykorzystania ich jako punkty dost\k{e}powe sieci konieczne jest zapewnienie {\l}\k{a}cza dosy{\l}owego o odpowiedniej przepustowo\'sci. Dlatego w niniejszym artykule rozwa\.zane jest

Thomas M. Sutter, Yang Meng, Andrea Agostini, Daphné Chopard

Variational Autoencoders for multimodal data hold promise for many tasks in data analysis, such as representation learning, conditional generation, and imputation. Current architectures either share the encoder output, decoder input, or both across modalities to learn a shared representation. Such architectures impose hard constraints on the model. In this w

F. Pacheco-Vázquez, M. Aguilar-González, L. Victoria-García

Large Leidenfrost drops exhibit erratic bubble bursts to release vapor accumulated beneath the liquid, becoming amorphous and unstable. Here we report an original and remarkably simple method to stabilize and design a Leidenfrost puddle. When a thin hydrophilic layer with a suitable design is placed over the liquid, the puddle adopts the layer shape due to a

João S. Silva, Miguel Gonçalves, Eduardo V. Castro, Pedro Ribeiro

Weyl nodal loop semimetals are gapless topological phases that, unlike their insulator counterparts, may be unstable to small perturbations that respect their topology-protecting symmetries. Here, we analyze a clean system perturbed by chiral off-diagonal disorder using numerically exact methods. We establish that the ballistic semimetallic phase is unstable

Thang M. Pham, Peijie Chen, Tin Nguyen, Seunghyun Yoon

CLIP-based classifiers rely on the prompt containing a {class name} that is known to the text encoder. Therefore, they perform poorly on new classes or the classes whose names rarely appear on the Internet (e.g., scientific names of birds). For fine-grained classification, we propose PEEB - an explainable and editable classifier to (1) express the class name

Maksim Schreck, Peter Albers, Filip Sadlo

In this paper, we introduce the cyclic polygon plot, a representation based on a novel projection concept for multi-dimensional values. Cyclic polygon plots combine the typically competing requirements of quantitativeness, image-space efficiency, and readability. Our approach is complemented with a placement strategy based on its intrinsic features, resultin

Pere Ara, Alcides Buss, Ado Dalla Costa

In this paper we introduce an inverse semigroup $\mathcal{S}(E,C)$ associated to a separated graph $(E,C)$ and describe its internal structure. In particular we show that it is strongly $E^*$-unitary and can be realized as a partial semidirect product of the form $\mathcal{Y}\rtimes\mathbb{F}$ for a certain partial action of the free group $\mathbb{F}=\mathb

Thien An L. Nguyen

Understanding the convergence process of neural networks is one of the most complex and crucial issues in the field of machine learning. Despite the close association of notable successes in this domain with the convergence of artificial neural networks, this concept remains predominantly theoretical. In reality, due to the non-convex nature of the optimizat

Wange Song, Zhiyuan Lin, Jitao Ji, Jiacheng Sun

Photonic structures with Weyl points (WPs), including type-I and type-II, promise nontrivial surface modes and intriguing light manipulations for their three-dimensional topological bands. While previous studies mainly focus on exploring WPs in a uniform Weyl structure, here we establish Weyl heterostructures (i.e., a nonuniform Weyl lattice) with different

Hristo Papazov, Scott Pesme, Nicolas Flammarion

In this work, we investigate the effect of momentum on the optimisation trajectory of gradient descent. We leverage a continuous-time approach in the analysis of momentum gradient descent with step size $\gamma$ and momentum parameter $\beta$ that allows us to identify an intrinsic quantity $\lambda = \frac{ \gamma }{ (1 - \beta)^2 }$ which uniquely defines

Salim Janji, Paweł Sroka

Drones are envisaged as an important part of the future 6G systems. With the possibility of their fast deployment they provide additional connectivity options in form of a hotspot. However, typically in such a use case they require provisioning of a wireless backhaul link to facilitate their proper operation, which might be a challenging task in urban enviro

Ken Shiozaki

For a smooth map $g: X \to U(N)$, where $X$ is a three-dimensional, oriented, and closed manifold, the winding number is defined as $W_3 = \frac{1}{24\pi^2} \int_{X} \mathrm{Tr}\left[(g^{-1}dg)^3\right]$. We present a discrete formulation to compute $W_3$ based on the concept of $\theta$-gaps. Our approach provides a robust scheme that is directly applicable

Shizhan Lu

Soft set theory serves as a mathematical framework for handling uncertain information, and hesitant fuzzy sets find extensive application in scenarios involving uncertainty and hesitation. Hesitant fuzzy sets exhibit diverse membership degrees, giving rise to various forms of inclusion relationships among them. This article introduces the notions of hesitant

Juhan Aru, Antoine Jego, Janne Junnila

Consider a log-correlated Gaussian field $\Gamma$ and its associated imaginary multiplicative chaos $:e^{i \beta \Gamma}:$ where $\beta$ is a real parameter. In [AJJ22], we showed that for any nonzero test function $f$, the law of $\int f :e^{i \beta \Gamma}:$ possesses a smooth density with respect to Lebesgue measure on $\mathbb{C}$. In this note, we show

Silvia Gagliardini, Aurora Langella, Dafne Guetta, Antonio Capone

We estimate the neutrino flux from different kinds of galactic sources and compare it with the recently diffuse neutrino flux detected by IceCube. We find that the flux from these sources may contribute to ~ 20% of the IceCube neutrino flux. Most of the sources selected in this work populate the southern hemisphere, therefore a detector like KM3NeT could hel

Masaaki Kimura, Yasutaka Taniguchi

We have examined the hypothesis by Bijker and Iachello who asserted that 12C has an internal structure with three alpha particles arranged in a triangular shape, leading to the formation of the ground rotational band consisting of 0+, 2+, 3-, 4$^\pm$ and 5- states. Following this idea, we reconstructed the intrinsic shape of 12C using experimental electron s

Hanzhuo Tan, Qi Luo, Jing Li, Yuqun Zhang

Decompilation aims to convert binary code to high-level source code, but traditional tools like Ghidra often produce results that are difficult to read and execute. Motivated by the advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs), we propose LLM4Decompile, the first and largest open-source LLM series (1.3B to 33B) trained to decompile binary code. We optimize t

Emanuel Malvetti

We address the problem of cooling a Markovian quantum system to a pure state in the shortest amount of time possible. Here the system drift takes the form of a Lindblad master equation and we assume fast unitary control. This setting allows for a natural reduction of the control system to the eigenvalues of the state density matrix. We give a simple necessar

J. Thibaut, S. Lazzarini

We describe gauge theories which allow to retrieve a large class of gravitational theories, including, MacDowell-Mansouri gravity and its topological extension to Loop Quantum Gravity via the Pontrjagin characteristic class involving the Nieh-Yan term. Considering symmetric spaces parametrized by mutations allows to naturally obtain a bare cosmological const

Puyu Cao, Meicheng Yao, Bin Chen

As a fundamental force, friction exerts a profound influence on various aspects of our daily lives across multiple disciplines. To understand why adhesive friction is associated with the contact area, here we investigate the generic sliding of elastic solids adhered to a rigid surface by considering re-attachment/healing. We then reveal multiple adhesive fro

Sohom Ghosh, Chung-Chi Chen, Sudip Kumar Naskar

In the realm of social media, understanding and predicting post reach is a significant challenge. This paper presents a Crowd Reaction AssessMent (CReAM) task designed to estimate if a given social media post will receive more reaction than another, a particularly essential task for digital marketers and content writers. We introduce the Crowd Reaction Estim

Joshua Miller, Shohini Bhattacharya, Krzysztof Cichy, Martha Constantinou

First lattice QCD calculations of $x$-dependent GPD have been performed in the (symmetric) Breit frame, where the momentum transfer is evenly divided between the initial and final hadron states. However, employing the asymmetric frame, we are able to obtain proton GPDs for multiple momentum transfers in a computationally efficient setup. In these proceedings

Sumin Wang, Chenxian Huang, Yongdao Zhou, Min-Qian Liu

Exploring the dependence between covariates across distributions is crucial for many applications. Copulas serve as a powerful tool for modeling joint variable dependencies and have been effectively applied in various practical contexts due to their intuitive properties. However, existing computational methods lack the capability for feasible inference and s

Chenglong Wang, Yinqiao Yi, Yida Wang, Chengxiu Zhang

With the ongoing development of deep learning, an increasing number of AI models have surpassed the performance levels of human clinical practitioners. However, the prevalence of AI diagnostic products in actual clinical practice remains significantly lower than desired. One crucial reason for this gap is the so-called `black box' nature of AI models. Clinic

Yuguo Su, Tiantian Ying, Bo Liu, Xiao-Guang Wang

The pursuit of quantum-enhanced parameter estimations without the need for nonclassical initial states has long been driven by the goal of achieving experimentally accessible quantum metrology. In this work, employing a coherent averaging mechanism, we prove that the prototypical cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED) system, such as the Tavis-Cummings model,

Omer Rathore, Alastair Basden, Nicholas Chancellor, Halim Kusumaatmaja

With the advent of exascale computing, effective load balancing in massively parallel software applications is critically important for leveraging the full potential of high performance computing systems. Load balancing is the distribution of computational work between available processors. Here, we investigate the application of quantum annealing to load ba

Christophoros Christophorou, Iacovos Ioannou, Vasos Vassiliou, Loizos Christofi

In the upcoming 6G era, mobile networks must deal with more challenging applications (e.g., holographic telepresence and immersive communication) and meet far more stringent application requirements stemming along the edge-cloud continuum. These new applications will create an elevated level of expectations on performance, reliability, ubiquity, trustworthin

Richard D. J. G. Ho, Stig Ove Bøe, Dag Kristian Dysthe, Luiza Angheluta

Cellular rearrangements, as primary sources of tissue fluidization, facilitate topological transitions during tissue morphogenesis. We study the role of intrinsic cell properties such as cell polarity and cell-cell adhesion in shaping epithelial tissues using a minimal model of interacting polarized cells. The presence of a vortex in the cell polarization po

Se Elnour, William J Buchanan, Paul Keating, Mwrwan Abubakar

The vSPACE experimental proof-of-concept (PoC) on the TrueElect[Anon][Creds] protocol presents a novel approach to secure, private, and scalable elections, extending the TrueElect and ElectAnon protocols with the integration of AnonCreds SSI (Self-Sovereign Identity). Such a protocol PoC is situated within a Zero-Trust Architecture (ZTA) and leverages confid

Daniel Green, Kshitij Gupta, Yiwen Huang

The effective field theory of single-field inflation characterizes the inflationary epoch in terms of a pattern of symmetry breaking. An operator acquires a time-dependent vacuum expectation value, defining a preferred spatial slicing. In the absence of dynamical gravity, the fluctuations around the time-dependent background are described by the Goldstone bo

Šimon Schierreich

The election, a cornerstone of democracy, is one of the best-recognizable symbols of democratic governance. Voters' confidence in elections is essential, and these days, we can watch practically in live broadcast what consequences distrust in the fairness of elections may have. From the times of the celebrated Gibbard-Satterthwaite theorem, it is well-known

Agathe Bouis, Christopher Lowe, Ruaridh A. Clark, Malcolm Macdonald

Distributed control increases system scalability, flexibility, and redundancy. Foundational to such decentralisation is consensus formation, by which decision-making and coordination are achieved. However, decentralised multi-agent systems are inherently vulnerable to disruption. To develop a resilient consensus approach, inspiration is taken from the study

Dimitrios Kasimatis, Sam Grierson, William J. Buchanan, Chris Eckl

Decentralised identifiers have become a standardised element of digital identity architecture, with supra-national organisations such as the European Union adopting them as a key component for a unified European digital identity ledger. This paper delves into enhancing security and privacy features within decentralised identifiers by integrating ring signatu

Rom Pinchasi

Let $\F$ be a family of $n$ pairwise intersecting circles in the plane. We show that the number of lenses, that is convex digons, in the arrangement induced by $\F$ is at most $2n-2$. This bound is tight. Furthermore, if no two circles in $\F$ touch, then the geometric graph $G$ on the set of centers of the circles in $\F$ whose edges correspond to the lense

Louigi Addario-Berry, Pat Morin, Ralph Neininger

The height of a random PATRICIA tree built from independent, identically distributed infinite binary strings with arbitrary diffuse probability distribution $\mu$ on $\{0,1\}^\mathbb{N}$ is studied. We show that the expected height grows asymptotically sublinearly in the number of leaves for any such $\mu$, but can be made to exceed any specific sublinear gr

Jian Zhu, Yuping Ruan, Jingfei Chang, Wenhui Sun

The detection of abusive language remains a long-standing challenge with the extensive use of social networks. The detection task of abusive language suffers from limited accuracy. We argue that the existing detection methods utilize the fine-tuning technique of the pre-trained language models (PLMs) to handle downstream tasks. Hence, these methods fail to s

O. Kubů, A. Marchesiello, L. Šnobl

This article is a contribution to the classification of quadratically integrable systems with vector potentials whose integrals are of the nonstandard, nonseparable type. We focus on generalized parabolic cylindrical case, related to non-subgroup-type coordinates. We find 3 new systems, two with magnetic fields polynomial in Cartesian coordinates and one wit

Jio Oh, Soyeon Kim, Junseok Seo, Jindong Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have achieved unprecedented performances in various applications, yet evaluating them is still challenging. Existing benchmarks are either manually constructed or are automatic, but lack the ability to evaluate the thought process of LLMs with arbitrary complexity. We contend that utilizing existing relational databases based on

Zinan Zeng, Sen Ye, Zijian Cai, Heng Wang

Online movie review websites are valuable for information and discussion about movies. However, the massive spoiler reviews detract from the movie-watching experience, making spoiler detection an important task. Previous methods simply focus on reviews' text content, ignoring the heterogeneity of information in the platform. For instance, the metadata and th

Peixuan Xiong, Yukai Zhang, Nandi Zhang, Shihan Fu

Rehabilitation therapies are widely employed to assist people with motor impairments in regaining control over their affected body parts. Nevertheless, factors such as fatigue and low self-efficacy can hinder patient compliance during extensive rehabilitation processes. Utilizing hand redirection in virtual reality (VR) enables patients to accomplish seeming

Anagha Madhusudanan, Rich R. Kerswell

Predicting and perhaps mitigating against rare, extreme events in fluid flows is an important challenge. Due to the time-localised nature of these events, Fourier-based methods prove inefficient in capturing them. Instead, this paper uses wavelet-based methods to understand the underlying patterns in a forced flow over a 2-torus which has intermittent high-e

YiFan Zhang, Yang Shi, Weichen Yu, Qingsong Wen

In the realms of computer vision and natural language processing, Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have become indispensable tools, proficient in generating textual responses based on visual inputs. Despite their advancements, our investigation reveals a noteworthy bias: the generated content is often driven more by the inherent priors of the underly

Hailang Huang, Zhijie Nie, Ziqiao Wang, Ziyu Shang

Current image-text retrieval methods have demonstrated impressive performance in recent years. However, they still face two problems: the inter-modal matching missing problem and the intra-modal semantic loss problem. These problems can significantly affect the accuracy of image-text retrieval. To address these challenges, we propose a novel method called Cr

Hui Liu, Wei Duan, Judong Luo

The advancement of single-cell sequencing technology has promoted the generation of a large amount of single-cell transcriptional profiles, providing unprecedented opportunities to identify drug-resistant cell subpopulations within a tumor. However, few studies have focused on drug response prediction at single-cell level, and their performance remains subop

Denis A. Kopylov, Torsten Meier, Polina R. Sharapova

A unified theoretical approach to describe the properties of multimode squeezed light generated in a lossy medium is presented. This approach is valid for Markovian environments and includes both a model of discrete losses based on the beamsplitter approach and a generalized continuous loss model based on the spatial Langevin equation. For an important class

Volodymyr Mazorchuk

We describe Calabi-Yau objects in the regular block of the (parabolic) BGG category $\mathcal{O}$ associated to a semi-simple finite dimensional complex Lie algebra. Each such object comes with a natural transformation from the Serre functor to a shifted identity whose evaluation at that object is an isomorphism.

Sho Hoshino, Akihiko Kato, Soichiro Murakami, Peinan Zhang

Learning better sentence embeddings leads to improved performance for natural language understanding tasks including semantic textual similarity (STS) and natural language inference (NLI). As prior studies leverage large-scale labeled NLI datasets for fine-tuning masked language models to yield sentence embeddings, task performance for languages other than E

Ziqi Gao, Yue Zhang, Xinwen Liu, Kaiyan Li

Multi-contrast (MC) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) reconstruction aims to incorporate a reference image of auxiliary modality to guide the reconstruction process of the target modality. Known MC reconstruction methods perform well with a fully sampled reference image, but usually exhibit inferior performance, compared to single-contrast (SC) methods, when

Jan Dymara, Tadeusz Januszkiewicz

Let $K$ be an arbitrary infinite field. The cohomology group $H^2(SL(2,K), H_2\,SL(2,K))$ contains the class of the universal central extension. When studying representations of fundamental groups of surfaces in $SL(2,K)$ it is useful to have classes stable under deformations (Fenchel--Nielsen twists) of representations. We identify the maximal quotient of t

Saieed Akbari, Reza Hosseini Dolatabadi, Mohsen Jamaali, Sandi Klavžar

The $\Delta$-edge stability number ${\rm es}_{\Delta}(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of edges of $G$ whose removal results in a subgraph $H$ with $\Delta(H) = \Delta(G)-1$. Sets whose removal results in a subgraph with smaller maximum degree are called mitigating sets. It is proved that there always exists a mitigating set which induces a disjoint

Ali Azadbakht, Thomas R. Weikl, Daniela J. Kraft

Membrane-induced interactions have been predicted to be important for the organization of membrane proteins. Measurements of the interactions between two and three membrane deforming objects have revealed their non-additive nature. They are thought to lead to complex many-body effects, however, experimental evidence is lacking to date. We here present an exp

Adam Taylor, Gabriele Bressanini, Hyukjoon Kwon, M. S. Kim

Real photonic devices are subject to photon losses that can decohere quantum information encoded in the system. In the absence of full fault tolerance, quantum error mitigation techniques have been introduced to help manage errors in noisy quantum devices. In this work, we introduce an error mitigation protocol inspired by probabilistic error cancellation (a

Subarna Bhattacharjee, Aninda K. Nanda, Subhasree Patra

We do the error analysis in reliability measures due to the assumption of independence amongst the component lifetimes. In reliability theory, we come across different n-component structures like series, parallel, and k-out-of-n systems. A n component series system works only if all the n components work. While studying the reliability measures of a n-compon

Andreas Höring, Thomas Peternell

We study degenerations of complex projective spaces $\mathbb P^n$ into normal projective klt varieties $X$. If the tangent sheaf of $X$ is semi-stable, we show that $X$ itself is a projective space. If $X$ is a threefold with canonical singularities, we show that there are only three varieties which satisfy all the conditions.

Nicholas Gao, Stephan Günnemann

Recent neural networks demonstrated impressively accurate approximations of electronic ground-state wave functions. Such neural networks typically consist of a permutation-equivariant neural network followed by a permutation-antisymmetric operation to enforce the electronic exchange symmetry. While accurate, such neural networks are computationally expensive

Hanwen Sun, Tao Wang, Ke Xu, Emanuele Daddi

Clusters and their progenitors (protoclusters) at z = 2-4, the peak epoch of star formation, are ideal laboratories to study the formation process of both the clusters themselves and their member galaxies. However, a complete census of their member galaxies has been challenging due to observational difficulties. Here we present new JWST/NIRCam observations t

Tianrui Lou, Xiaojun Jia, Jindong Gu, Li Liu

Adversarial attack methods based on point manipulation for 3D point cloud classification have revealed the fragility of 3D models, yet the adversarial examples they produce are easily perceived or defended against. The trade-off between the imperceptibility and adversarial strength leads most point attack methods to inevitably introduce easily detectable out

Weibin Liao, Yinghao Zhu, Xinyuan Wang, Chengwei Pan

UNet and its variants have been widely used in medical image segmentation. However, these models, especially those based on Transformer architectures, pose challenges due to their large number of parameters and computational loads, making them unsuitable for mobile health applications. Recently, State Space Models (SSMs), exemplified by Mamba, have emerged a

Shoujin Huang, Guanxiong Luo, Xi Wang, Ziran Chen

In general, diffusion model-based MRI reconstruction methods incrementally remove artificially added noise while imposing data consistency to reconstruct the underlying images. However, real-world MRI acquisitions already contain inherent noise due to thermal fluctuations. This phenomenon is particularly notable when using ultra-fast, high-resolution imaging

Jordi Romero-Pallejà, Jennifer Ahiable, Alessandro Romancino, Carlo Marconi

We investigate the entanglement properties in the symmetric subspace of $N$-partite $d$-dimensional systems (qudits). For diagonal symmetric states, we show that there is no bound entanglement for $d = 3,4 $ and $N = 3$. Further, we present a constructive algorithm to map multipartite diagonal symmetric states of qudits onto bipartite symmetric states of lar

Georgios Sakkas

This work derives an application from the identities of arXiv:hep-th/0602028 in order to invert four point functions in defect conformal field theories. For this, a recursion relation is established and the O(N) model with a line defect is considered as a testing ground of this application. Specifically, the CFT data are calculated from inversion of tilt and

S. Giardiello, M. Gerbino, L. Pagano, D. Alonso

We study the effects due to mismatches in passbands, polarization angles, and temperature and polarization calibrations in the context of the upcoming cosmic microwave background experiment Simons Observatory (SO). Using the SO multi-frequency likelihood, we estimate the bias and the degradation of constraining power in cosmological and astrophysical foregro

Wolfgang Mück

The universal eigenvalue distribution characterizing the Gram matrix of semiclassical ensembles of black hole microstates is recognized as the Marchenko-Pastur distribution, which plays a prominent role as the universal limit distribution in a large class of random matrix and vector models. It is proposed that this distribution also universally determines th

Tjaart P. J. Krüger

This report is a serious call to scientists, innovators, investors, and policymakers to invest in the development of biophysics in Africa. The complex problems of our day demand multidisciplinary approaches, and biophysics offers training in much-needed multi- and cross-disciplinary thinking. Biophysics is a research field at the forefront of modern science

Nathan Priddis, Mark Shoemaker, Yaoxiong Wen

We study the genus-zero Gromov-Witten theory of two natural resolutions of determinantal varieties, termed the PAX and PAXY models. We realize each resolution as lying in a quiver bundle, and show that the respective quiver bundles are related by a quiver mutation. We prove that generating functions of genus-zero Gromov-Witten invariants for the two resoluti

Junyan Wang, Zhenhong Sun, Zhiyu Tan, Xuanbai Chen

Vanilla text-to-image diffusion models struggle with generating accurate human images, commonly resulting in imperfect anatomies such as unnatural postures or disproportionate limbs.Existing methods address this issue mostly by fine-tuning the model with extra images or adding additional controls -- human-centric priors such as pose or depth maps -- during t

Monalisa Chatterjee, Manoranjan Kumar, Zoltán G. Soos

The frustrated ladder with alternate ferromagnetic(F) exchange $-J_F$ and AF exchange $J_A$ to first neighbors and F exchange $-J_L$ to second neighbors is studied by exact diagonalization (ED) and density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) calculations in systems of $2N$ spins-1/2 with periodic boundary conditions. The ground state is a singlet $(S = 0)$ a

Laure Bouscasse, Timea Csengeri, Friedrich Wyrowski, K. M. Menten

During the process of star formation, the dense gas undergoes significant chemical evolution leading to the emergence of a rich variety of molecules associated with hot cores and hot corinos. However, the physical and chemical conditions involved in this evolution are poorly constrained. We provide here a full inventory of the emission from complex organic m

Richard Soref, Francesco De Leonardis, Gerard Daligou, Oussama Moutanabbir

Transferring energy without transferring mass is a powerful paradigm to address the challenges faced when the access to, or the deployment of, the infrastructure for energy conversion is locally impossible or impractical. Laser beaming holds the promise of effectively implementing this paradigm. With this perspective, this work evaluates the optical-to-elect

Ali Arjomandi-Nezhad, Yifei Guo, Bikash C. Pal, Guangya Yang

When grid-forming (GFM) inverter-based resources (IBRs) face severe grid disturbances (e.g., short-circuit faults), the current limitation mechanism may be triggered. Consequently, the GFM IBRs enter the current-saturation mode, inducing nonlinear dynamical behaviors and posing great challenges to the post-disturbance transient angle stability. This paper pr

Mingxuan Liu, Yilin Ning, Yuhe Ke, Yuqing Shang

The escalating integration of machine learning in high-stakes fields such as healthcare raises substantial concerns about model fairness. We propose an interpretable framework - Fairness-Aware Interpretable Modeling (FAIM), to improve model fairness without compromising performance, featuring an interactive interface to identify a "fairer" model from a set o

Dan Guo, Kun Li, Bin Hu, Yan Zhang

Micro-action is an imperceptible non-verbal behaviour characterised by low-intensity movement. It offers insights into the feelings and intentions of individuals and is important for human-oriented applications such as emotion recognition and psychological assessment. However, the identification, differentiation, and understanding of micro-actions pose chall

Maria V. Kulikova, David R. Taylor, Gennady Yu. Kulikov

This paper investigates a time-varying version of weak-form market efficiency in the BRICS countries. A moving window test for sample autocorrelations is applied alongside a Kalman filter approach to recover the hidden dynamics of the market efficiency process through appropriate time-varying autoregressive models with both homoscedastic and heteroscedastic

Nan Gao, Xue-Song Lu, Pu Zhang

For any integer $n\ge 0$ and any ring $R$, \ $(\mathcal {PGF}_n, \ \mathcal P_n^\perp \cap \mathcal {PGF}^{\perp})$ proves to be a complete hereditary cotorsion pair in $R$-Mod, where $\mathcal {PGF}$ is the class of PGF modules, introduced by J. \v{S}aroch and J. \v{S}\'{t}ov\'{i}\v{c}ek, and \ $\mathcal {PGF}_n$ is the class of $R$-modules of PGF dimension

Liting Lin, Heng Fan, Zhipeng Zhang, Yaowei Wang

Motivated by the Parameter-Efficient Fine-Tuning (PEFT) in large language models, we propose LoRAT, a method that unveils the power of large ViT model for tracking within laboratory-level resources. The essence of our work lies in adapting LoRA, a technique that fine-tunes a small subset of model parameters without adding inference latency, to the domain of

Tom Williams, Andrei Constantin

The challenge of determining bounds for the minimal number of vectors in a three-dimensional Kochen-Specker (KS) set has captivated the quantum foundations community for decades. This paper establishes a weak lower bound of 10 vectors, which does not surpass the current best-known bound of 24 vectors. By exploring the complementary concept of large non-KS se

Siqi Li, Yuqing Shang, Ziwen Wang, Qiming Wu

Survival analysis serves as a fundamental component in numerous healthcare applications, where the determination of the time to specific events (such as the onset of a certain disease or death) for patients is crucial for clinical decision-making. Scoring systems are widely used for swift and efficient risk prediction. However, existing methods for construct

Sudarshana Laha, Jonathan Bauermann, Frank Jülicher, Thomas C. T. Michaels

Phase-separated liquid condensates can spatially organize and thereby regulate chemical processes. However, the physicochemical mechanisms underlying such regulation remain elusive as the intramolecular interactions responsible for phase separation give rise to a coupling between diffusion and chemical reactions at non-dilute conditions. Here, we derive a th

Yi Liu, Jing Li, Wu-Zhang Yang, Jia-Yi Lu

We report the physical properties of ThRu$_3$Si$_2$ featured with distorted Ru kagome lattice. The combined experiments of resistivity, magnetization and specific heat reveal bulk superconductivity with $T_{\rm{c}}$ = 3.8 K. The specific heat jump and calculated electron-phonon coupling indicate a moderate coupled BCS superconductor. In comparison with LaRu$

Alain Hertz, Sébastien Bonte, Gauvain Devillez, Valentin Dusollier

The arithmetic-geometric index is a newly proposed degree-based graph invariant in mathematical chemistry. We give a sharp upper bound on the value of this invariant for connected chemical graphs of given order and size and characterize the connected chemical graphs that reach the bound. We also prove that the removal of the constraint that extremal chemical

Caiyue Xu, Changming Zhang, Yanmin Zhou, Zhipeng Wang

Collaboration between humans and robots is becoming increasingly crucial in our daily life. In order to accomplish efficient cooperation, trust recognition is vital, empowering robots to predict human behaviors and make trust-aware decisions. Consequently, there is an urgent need for a generalized approach to recognize human-robot trust. This study addresses

Robin Leister, Roger Karl, Lubov Stroh, Derliz Mereles

The flow convergence method includes calculation of the proximal isovelocity surface area (PISA) and is widely used to classify mitral regurgitation (MR) with echocardiography. It constitutes a primary decision factor for determination of treatment and should therefore be a robust quantification method. However, it is known for its tendency to underestimate

C. Krämer, J. A. Koziol, A. Langheld, M. Hörmann

We study the ferromagnetic transverse-field Ising model with quenched disorder at $T = 0$ in one and two dimensions by means of stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo simulations using a rigorous zero-temperature scheme. Using a sample-replication method and averaged Binder ratios, we determine the critical shift and width exponents $\nu_\mathrm{s}$

Alfred Galichon, Simon Weber

In this paper, we examine matching models with imperfectly transferable utility (ITU). We provide motivating examples, discuss the theoretical foundations of ITU matching models and present methods for estimating them. We also explore connected topics and provide an overview of the related literature. This paper has been submitted as a draft chapter for the

Wolfgang Höhl

This paper develops a spatiotemporal model for the visualization of dynamic topologies of hybrid spaces. The visualization of spatiotemporal data is a well-known problem, for example in digital twins in urban planning. There is also a lack of a basic ontology for understanding hybrid spaces. The developed spatiotemporal model has three levels: a level of pla

Lucas Farndale, Chris Walsh, Robert Insall, Ke Yuan

Multimodal self-supervised representation learning has consistently proven to be a highly effective method in medical image analysis, offering strong task performance and producing biologically informed insights. However, these methods heavily rely on large, paired datasets, which is prohibitive for their use in scenarios where paired data does not exist, or

Candida Bowtell, Richard Mycroft

A folklore result on matchings in graphs states that if $G$ is a bipartite graph whose vertex classes $A$ and $B$ each have size $n$, with $\mathrm{deg}(u) \geq a$ for every $u \in A$ and $\mathrm{deg}(v) \geq b$ for every $v \in B$, then $G$ admits a matching of size $\min\{n, a+b\}$. In this paper we establish the analogous result for large $k$-partite $k$

Haoxin Xu, Zezheng Zhao, Yuxin Cao, Chunyu Chen

Monocular 3D face reconstruction plays a crucial role in avatar generation, with significant demand in web-related applications such as generating virtual financial advisors in FinTech. Current reconstruction methods predominantly rely on deep learning techniques and employ 2D self-supervision as a means to guide model learning. However, these methods encoun

Hongda Sun, Yuxuan Liu, Chengwei Wu, Haiyu Yan

Open-domain question answering (ODQA) has emerged as a pivotal research spotlight in information systems. Existing methods follow two main paradigms to collect evidence: (1) The \textit{retrieve-then-read} paradigm retrieves pertinent documents from an external corpus; and (2) the \textit{generate-then-read} paradigm employs large language models (LLMs) to g

Parisa Jamadi Khiabani, Arkaitz Zubiaga

Stance detection, as the task of determining the viewpoint of a social media post towards a target as 'favor' or 'against', has been understudied in the challenging yet realistic scenario where there is limited labeled data for a certain target. Our work advances research in few-shot stance detection by introducing SocialPET, a socially informed approach to

M. Vucetic, N. Milanovic, D. Urosevis, J. Raymond

We determined shock speed in the Galactic supernova remnant Cygnus Loop, using proper motion of its optical filaments and the latest estimate for its distance. The proper motion was measured by comparing H$\alpha$ images of the remnant observed in two epochs: 1993 (Kitt Peak National Observatory) and 2018/2019 (National Astronomical Observatory Rozhen and As

Heike Faßbender, Martin Halwaß

It is known that singular values of idempotent matrices are either zero or larger or equal to one \cite{HouC63}. We state exactly how many singular values greater than one, equal to one, and equal to zero there are. Moreover, we derive a singular value decomposition of idempotent matrices which reveals a tight relationship between its left and right singular

Saelyne Yang, Jo Vermeulen, George Fitzmaurice, Justin Matejka

Tutorial videos are a popular help source for learning feature-rich software. However, getting quick answers to questions about tutorial videos is difficult. We present an automated approach for responding to tutorial questions. By analyzing 633 questions found in 5,944 video comments, we identified different question types and observed that users frequently

Michel Janssen

Right before Nolan's movie was released, I gave a talk on Oppenheimer, trying to anticipate what elements of Bird and Sherwin's biography on which the movie is based would make it into the movie. In this article, written for the October 2023 edition of the newsletter of the Forum on Science and Society of the APS, I elaborate on some of the elements I missed

Hamed Hosseini, Mehdi Tale Masouleh, Ahmad Kalhor

Robotic grasp should be carried out in a real-time manner by proper accuracy. Perception is the first and significant step in this procedure. This paper proposes an improved pipeline model trying to detect grasp as a rectangle representation for different seen or unseen objects. It helps the robot to start control procedures from nearer to the proper part of

Lakshmi Rama Kiran Pasumarthy, Hisham Ali, William J Buchanan, Jawad Ahmad

There is an increasing need to share threat information for the prevention of widespread cyber-attacks. While threat-related information sharing can be conducted through traditional information exchange methods, such as email communications etc., these methods are often weak in terms of their trustworthiness and privacy. Additionally, the absence of a trust

Jinha Park, Wonguk Cho, Taesup Kim

While there have been considerable advancements in machine learning driven by extensive datasets, a significant disparity still persists in the availability of data across various sources and populations. This inequality across domains poses challenges in modeling for those with limited data, which can lead to profound practical and ethical concerns. In this

Pouria Mazloumi, Stephan Stieberger

We propose a geometric relation between closed and open string amplitudes at one-loop. After imposing a homological splitting on the world-sheet torus twisted intersection theory is used to establish a one-loop double copy relation. The latter expresses a closed string amplitude by a pair of open string amplitudes and twisted intersection numbers. These inne

Reza Sazeedeh

Let $R$ be a commutative noetherian ring admitting a dualizing complex and let $\mathfrak p$ be a prime ideal of $R$. In this paper we investigate when $G(R/\frak p)$ is an $R_{\frak p}$-module. We give some necessary and sufficient conditions under which $G(R/\frak p)$ is an $R_{\frak p}$-module. We also study the Bass numbers of $G(R/\frak p)$ and we show