March 2024 arXiv papers — page 161

Daniel Majaess

S$H_0$ES $VI$-band photometry for classical Cepheids in the keystone galaxy NGC4258 yield discrepant absolute magnitudes. Specifically, the 2016 and 2022 published S$H_0$ES Cepheid data for NGC4258 exhibit a substantial offset of $\Delta W_{0,VI}\simeq0^{\rm m}.3$. That adds to a suite of existing concerns associated with the S$H_0$ES analysis, which in sum

Jennifer Mead, Melissa Ness, Eric Andersson, Emily J. Griffith

The first generations of stars left their chemical fingerprints on metal-poor stars in the Milky Way and its surrounding dwarf galaxies. While instantaneous and homogeneous enrichment implies that groups of co-natal stars should have the same element abundances, small amplitudes of abundance scatter are seen at fixed [Fe/H]. Measurements of intrinsic abundan

Sukŗti Bansal, Luca Brunelli, Michele Cicoli, Arthur Hebecker

We present a new model of string inflation driven by a blow-up K\"ahler modulus of type IIb compactifications with a potential generated by string loops. Slow-roll is naturally realized thanks to the fact that the blow-up mode is a leading-order flat direction lifted by string loops which are unavoidable and generate a plateau at large field values. We check

Paolo Molignini

Quasiperiodic potentials can be used to interpolate between localization and delocalization in one dimension. With the rise of optical platforms engineering dipolar interactions, a key question is the stability of quasicrystalline phases under these long-range interactions. In this work, we study repulsive ultracold dipolar fermions in a quasiperiodic optica

Oliver Hart, David T. Stephen, Dominic J. Williamson, Michael Foss-Feig

Many-body quantum games provide a natural perspective on phases of matter in quantum hardware, crisply relating the quantum correlations inherent in phases of matter to the securing of quantum advantage at a device-oriented task. In this paper we introduce a family of multiplayer quantum games for which topologically ordered phases of matter are a resource y

Anthony Munson, Naga Bhavya Teja Kothakonda, Jonas Haferkamp, Nicole Yunger Halpern

Quantum complexity measures the difficulty of realizing a quantum process, such as preparing a state or implementing a unitary. We present an approach to quantifying the thermodynamic resources required to implement a process if the process's complexity is restricted. We focus on the prototypical task of information erasure, or Landauer erasure, wherein an n

Pablo Bueno, Pablo A. Cano, Robie A. Hennigar

We show via an explicit construction how an infinite tower of higher-curvature corrections generically leads to a resolution of the Schwarzschild singularity in any spacetime dimension $D \ge 5$. The theories we consider have two key properties that ensure the results are general and robust: (1) they provide a basis for (vacuum) gravitational effective field

Nima Arkani-Hamed, Carolina Figueiredo

A surprising connection has recently been made between the amplitudes for Tr($\Phi^3$) theory and the non-linear sigma model (NLSM). A simple shift of kinematic variables naturally suggested by the associahedron/stringy representation of Tr$(\Phi^3$) theory yields pion amplitudes at all loops. In this note we provide an elementary motivation and proof for th

Savvas Constantinou, Nikku Madhusudhan

JWST observations are leading to important new insights into exoplanetary atmospheres through transmission spectroscopy. In order to harness the full potential of the broad spectral range and high sensitivity of JWST, atmospheric retrievals of exoplanets require a high level of robustness and accuracy in the underlying models. We present the VIRA retrieval f

Kazuyuki Sugimura, Massimo Ricotti, Jongwon Park, Fred Angelo Batan Garcia

JWST observations of galaxies at $z\gtrsim 8$ suggest that they are more luminous and clumpier than predicted by most models, prompting several proposals on the physics of star formation and feedback in the first galaxies. In this paper, we focus on the role of ultraviolet (UV) radiation in regulating star formation by performing a set of cosmological radiat

Finn Eckstein, Bo Han, Simon Trebst, Guo-Yi Zhu

Teleportation is a facet where quantum measurements can act as a powerful resource in quantum physics, as local measurements allow to steer quantum information in a non-local way. While this has long been established for a single Bell pair, the teleportation of a many-qubit entangled state using non-maximally entangled resources presents a fundamentally diff

Yuya Shimizu

This paper develops a general asymptotic theory for nonparametric kernel regression in the presence of cluster dependence. We examine nonparametric density estimation, Nadaraya-Watson kernel regression, and local linear estimation. Our theory accommodates growing and heterogeneous cluster sizes. We derive asymptotic conditional bias and variance, establish u

Yifan Wang, Xingyi He, Sida Peng, Dongli Tan

We present a novel method for efficiently producing semi-dense matches across images. Previous detector-free matcher LoFTR has shown remarkable matching capability in handling large-viewpoint change and texture-poor scenarios but suffers from low efficiency. We revisit its design choices and derive multiple improvements for both efficiency and accuracy. One

Zhaolin Ren, Na Li

This paper presents a new approach for batch Bayesian Optimization (BO) called Thompson Sampling-Regret to Sigma Ratio directed sampling (TS-RSR), where we sample a new batch of actions by minimizing a Thompson Sampling approximation of a regret to uncertainty ratio. Our sampling objective is able to coordinate the actions chosen in each batch in a way that

Amber Yijia Zheng, Tong He, Yixuan Qiu, Minjie Wang

Bilevel optimization refers to scenarios whereby the optimal solution of a lower-level energy function serves as input features to an upper-level objective of interest. These optimal features typically depend on tunable parameters of the lower-level energy in such a way that the entire bilevel pipeline can be trained end-to-end. Although not generally presen

Junliang Lu, Cai-Ping Jia, Yu Jia, Xiaonu Xiong

In this work we investigate the exclusive production of a pair of light neutral mesons in $e^+e^-$ annihilation, where the final state bears an even $C$-parity. The production processes can be initiated via the photon fragmentation or the non-fragmentation mechanism. While the fragmentation contribution can be rigorously accounted, the non-fragmentation cont

Adam Coscia, Haley M. Sapers, Noah Deutsch, Malika Khurana

Scientists studying deep ocean microbial ecosystems use limited numbers of sediment samples collected from the seafloor to characterize important life-sustaining biogeochemical cycles in the environment. Yet conducting fieldwork to sample these extreme remote environments is both expensive and time consuming, requiring tools that enable scientists to explore

Adam Coscia, Langdon Holmes, Wesley Morris, Joon Suh Choi

The recent explosion in popularity of large language models (LLMs) has inspired learning engineers to incorporate them into adaptive educational tools that automatically score summary writing. Understanding and evaluating LLMs is vital before deploying them in critical learning environments, yet their unprecedented size and expanding number of parameters inh

Xiaofan Yu, Anthony Thomas, Ivannia Gomez Moreno, Louis Gutierrez

On-device learning has emerged as a prevailing trend that avoids the slow response time and costly communication of cloud-based learning. The ability to learn continuously and indefinitely in a changing environment, and with resource constraints, is critical for real sensor deployments. However, existing designs are inadequate for practical scenarios with (i

Adam Coscia, Alex Endert

Recent growth in the popularity of large language models has led to their increased usage for summarizing, predicting, and generating text, making it vital to help researchers and engineers understand how and why they work. We present KnowledgeVis, a human-in-the-loop visual analytics system for interpreting language models using fill-in-the-blank sentences

Adam Coscia, Ashley Suh, Remco Chang, Alex Endert

Data integration is often performed to consolidate information from multiple disparate data sources during visual data analysis. However, integration operations are usually separate from visual analytics operations such as encode and filter in both interface design and empirical research. We conducted a preliminary user study to investigate whether and how d

Debraj Chakrabarti, Phillip S. Harrington, Andrew Raich

Given a complex manifold containing a relatively compact $Z(q)$ domain, we give sufficient geometric conditions on the domain so that its $L^2$-cohomology in degree $(p,q)$ (known to be finite dimensional) vanishes. The condition consists of the existence of a smooth weight function in a neighborhood of the closure of the domain, where the complex Hessian of

Georgi Pramatarov, Matthew Gadd, Paul Newman, Daniele De Martini

This paper is about 3D pose estimation on LiDAR scans with extremely minimal storage requirements to enable scalable mapping and localisation. We achieve this by clustering all points of segmented scans into semantic objects and representing them only with their respective centroid and semantic class. In this way, each LiDAR scan is reduced to a compact coll

Yinhao Wu, Shang-Fei Liu, Haochang Jiang, Sergei Nayakshin

Current imaging observations of protoplanetary disks using ALMA primarily focus on the sub-millimeter wavelength, leaving a gap in effective observational approaches for centimeter-sized dust, which is crucial to the issue of planet formation. The forthcoming SKA and ngVLA may rectify this deficiency. In this paper, we employ multi-fluid hydrodynamic numeric

Meng Qi, Mingxi Zhu

This paper investigates the impact of mechanism design on collaborative learning systems enabled by federated learning (FL). We propose a multi-action collaborative federated learning (MCFL) framework, capturing the interplay between agent strategies, platform mechanisms, and FL algorithms--a "three-body problem" in collaborative learning. This work demonstr

Alex L. Wang, Fatma Kilinc-Karzan

Quadratically constrained quadratic programs (QCQPs) are a highly expressive class of nonconvex optimization problems. While QCQPs are NP-hard in general, they admit a natural convex relaxation via the standard semidefinite program (SDP) relaxation. In this paper we study when the convex hull of the epigraph of a QCQP coincides with the projected epigraph of

E. Onorati, J. Kitzinger, J. Helsen, M. Ioannou

Randomized measurements are increasingly appreciated as powerful tools to estimate properties of quantum systems, e.g., in the characterization of hybrid classical-quantum computation. On many platforms they constitute natively accessible measurements, serving as the building block of prominent schemes like shadow estimation. In the real world, however, the

Artur P. Toshev, Harish Ramachandran, Jonas A. Erbesdobler, Gianluca Galletti

Particle-based fluid simulations have emerged as a powerful tool for solving the Navier-Stokes equations, especially in cases that include intricate physics and free surfaces. The recent addition of machine learning methods to the toolbox for solving such problems is pushing the boundary of the quality vs. speed tradeoff of such numerical simulations. In thi

Alokananda Kar, Prateksh Dhivakar, Shuvayu Roy, Binata Panda

In [arXiv:2105.06455, arXiv:2206.04538], the authors have been able to argue for an ultra-local version of the second law of black hole mechanics, for arbitrary diffeomorphism invariant theories of gravity non-minimally coupled to matter fields, by constructing an entropy current on the dynamical horizon with manifestly positive divergence. This has been ach

Huu Thien Nguyen, Fernando A. C. C. Fontes, Ionela Prodan

In this paper, we present a stabilizing Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) scheme tailored for a class of nonholonomic systems with drift, where the acceleration is laterally restrained. Examples include a mobile robot with drifting wheels on a planar surface or a spacecraft maneuvering in a vacuum. The novelty lies in the formulation of the terminal

Lisa Schneckenreiter, Richard Freinschlag, Florian Sestak, Johannes Brandstetter

Graph neural networks (GNNs), and especially message-passing neural networks, excel in various domains such as physics, drug discovery, and molecular modeling. The expressivity of GNNs with respect to their ability to discriminate non-isomorphic graphs critically depends on the functions employed for message aggregation and graph-level readout. By applying s

Boshi Wang, Hao Fang, Jason Eisner, Benjamin Van Durme

Tools are essential for large language models (LLMs) to acquire up-to-date information and take consequential actions in external environments. Existing work on tool-augmented LLMs primarily focuses on the broad coverage of tools and the flexibility of adding new tools. However, a critical aspect that has surprisingly been understudied is simply how accurate

Kensuke Nakamura, Ran Tian, Andrea Bajcsy

Robot decision-making increasingly relies on data-driven human prediction models when operating around people. While these models are known to mispredict in out-of-distribution interactions, only a subset of prediction errors impact downstream robot performance. We propose characterizing such "system-level" prediction failures via the mathematical notion of

Ilias Diakonikolas, Daniel Kane, Lisheng Ren, Yuxin Sun

We study the complexity of Non-Gaussian Component Analysis (NGCA) in the Statistical Query (SQ) model. Prior work developed a general methodology to prove SQ lower bounds for this task that have been applicable to a wide range of contexts. In particular, it was known that for any univariate distribution $A$ satisfying certain conditions, distinguishing betwe

Xiaoyu Tang, Yixin Lin, Ting Dang, Yuanfang Zhang

Speech Emotion Recognition (SER) is crucial in human-machine interactions. Mainstream approaches utilize Convolutional Neural Networks or Recurrent Neural Networks to learn local energy feature representations of speech segments from speech information, but struggle with capturing global information such as the duration of energy in speech. Some use Transfor

Xiaoxu Chen, Zhanhong Cheng, Lijun Sun

Origin-destination (OD) demand matrices are crucial for transit agencies to design and operate transit systems. This paper presents a novel temporal Bayesian model designed to estimate transit OD matrices at the individual bus-journey level from boarding/alighting counts at bus stops. Our approach begins by modeling the number of alighting passengers at subs

Abril Azócar Guzmán, Rebecca Janisch

Hydrogen-enhanced decohesion (HEDE) is one of the many mechanisms of hydrogen embrittlement, a phenomenon that severely impacts structural materials such as iron and iron alloys. Grain boundaries (GBs) play a critical role in this mechanism, where they can provide trapping sites or act as hydrogen diffusion pathways. The interaction of H with GBs and other c

Joseph Carolan, Alexander Poremba

Sponge hashing is a widely used class of cryptographic hash algorithms which underlies the current international hash function standard SHA-3. In a nutshell, a sponge function takes as input a bit-stream of any length and processes it via a simple iterative procedure: it repeatedly feeds each block of the input into a so-called block function, and then produ

Ishan Khatri, Kyle Vedder, Neehar Peri, Deva Ramanan

Current scene flow methods broadly fail to describe motion on small objects, and current scene flow evaluation protocols hide this failure by averaging over many points, with most drawn larger objects. To fix this evaluation failure, we propose a new evaluation protocol, Bucket Normalized EPE, which is class-aware and speed-normalized, enabling contextualize

Arshay Sheth

We prove an exact control theorem, in the sense of Hida theory, for the ordinary part of the middle degree \'etale cohomology of certain Hilbert modular varieties, after localizing at a suitable maximal ideal of the Hecke algebra. Our method of proof builds upon the techniques introduced by Loeffler-Rockwood-Zerbes; another important ingredient in our proof

Cristian L. Cortes, Dario Rocca, Jerome Gonthier, Pauline J. Ollitrault

The computational cost of quantum algorithms for physics and chemistry is closely linked to the spectrum of the Hamiltonian, a property that manifests in the necessary rescaling of its eigenvalues. The typical approach of using the 1-norm as an upper bound to the spectral norm to rescale the Hamiltonian suits the most general case of bounded Hermitian operat

Qijiong Liu, Jieming Zhu, Quanyu Dai, Xiao-Ming Wu

Over recent years, news recommender systems have gained significant attention in both academia and industry, emphasizing the need for a standardized benchmark to evaluate and compare the performance of these systems. Concurrently, Green AI advocates for reducing the energy consumption and environmental impact of machine learning. To address these concerns, w

Jielin Qiu, Andrea Madotto, Zhaojiang Lin, Paul A. Crook

Vision-extended LLMs have made significant strides in Visual Question Answering (VQA). Despite these advancements, VLLMs still encounter substantial difficulties in handling queries involving long-tail entities, with a tendency to produce erroneous or hallucinated responses. In this work, we introduce a novel evaluative benchmark named \textbf{SnapNTell}, sp

Daniela Gallego-Valencia, Lars Mewes, Johannes Feist, José Luis Sanz-Vicario

The fast dynamics of molecular polaritonics is scrutinized theoretically through the implementation of two-dimensional spectroscopy protocols. We derive conceptually simple and computationally efficient formulas to calculate two-dimensional spectra for molecules, each of them modeled as a system of two electronic states including vibrational relaxation, imme

Hood Chatham, Yang Hu, Morgan Opie

This paper explores periodic phenomena in the group $\operatorname{Vect}_r^0(\mathbb{CP}^{r+c})$ of stably trivial, complex rank $r$ topological vector bundles on $\mathbb{CP}^{r+c}$. For $1 \leq c < r$ and $c\leq 2p-3$, we give a complete computation of the $p$-torsion in $\operatorname{Vect}_r^0(\mathbb{CP}^{r+c})$, and we relate these $p$-torsion bundles

Yizhe Zhang, He Bai, Ruixiang Zhang, Jiatao Gu

Vision-Language Models (VLMs) have recently demonstrated incredible strides on diverse vision language tasks. We dig into vision-based deductive reasoning, a more sophisticated but less explored realm, and find previously unexposed blindspots in the current SOTA VLMs. Specifically, we leverage Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPMs), to assess VLMs' abilities to

Seou Choi, Yannick Salamin, Charles Roques-Carmes, Rumen Dangovski

Probabilistic machine learning utilizes controllable sources of randomness to encode uncertainty and enable statistical modeling. Harnessing the pure randomness of quantum vacuum noise, which stems from fluctuating electromagnetic fields, has shown promise for high speed and energy-efficient stochastic photonic elements. Nevertheless, photonic computing hard

Markus Nünnerich, Daniel Cohen, Patrick Barthel, Patrick H. Huber

A novel two-qubit entangling gate for trapped-ion quantum processors is proposed theoretically and demonstrated experimentally. During the gate, double-dressed quantum states are created by applying a phase-modulated continuous driving field. The speed of this quantum gate is an order of magnitude higher than that of previously demonstrated rf controlled two

Katalin Schaffer, Ultan Fallon, Margaret M. Coad

Despite recent advances in wearable technology, interfacing movement assistance devices with the human body remains challenging. We present a stretchable pneumatic sleeve that can anchor an exosuit actuator to the human arm with a low displacement of the actuator's mounting point relative to the body during operation. Our sleeve has the potential to serve as

Barnabás Janzer, Oliver Janzer, Van Magnan, Abhishek Methuku

A zero-one matrix $M$ is said to contain another zero-one matrix $A$ if we can delete some rows and columns of $M$ and replace some $1$-entries with $0$-entries such that the resulting matrix is $A$. The extremal number of $A$, denoted $\operatorname{ex}(n,A)$, is the maximum number of $1$-entries that an $n\times n$ zero-one matrix can have without containi

Steven Charlton

Xu, Yan and Zhao showed that in even weight, the multiple $T$ value $T(2, 1, \ldots, 1, \overline{1})$ is a polynomial in $\log(2)$, $\pi$, Riemann zeta values, and Dirichlet beta values. Based on low-weight examples, they conjectured that $\log(2)$ does not appear in the evaluation. We show that their conjecture is correct, and in fact follows largely from

Ankit Pensia

We study the algorithmic problem of sparse mean estimation in the presence of adversarial outliers. Specifically, the algorithm observes a \emph{corrupted} set of samples from $\mathcal{N}(\mu,\mathbf{I}_d)$, where the unknown mean $\mu \in \mathbb{R}^d$ is constrained to be $k$-sparse. A series of prior works has developed efficient algorithms for robust sp

Antonin Chambolle, Daniele De Gennaro, Massimiliano Morini

We consider here a fully discrete variant of the implicit variational scheme for mean curvature flow [AlmTayWan,LucStu], in a setting where the flow is governed by a crystalline surface tension defined by the limit of pairwise interactions energy on the discrete grid. The algorithm is based on a new discrete distance from the evolving sets, which prevents th

Miles Everett, Mingjun Zhong, Georgios Leontidis

We propose Masked Capsule Autoencoders (MCAE), the first Capsule Network that utilises pretraining in a modern self-supervised paradigm, specifically the masked image modelling framework. Capsule Networks have emerged as a powerful alternative to Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs). They have shown favourable properties when compared to Vision Transformers

J. M. Zúniga, C. A. Caretta, A. P. González, E. García-Manzanárez

We propose the entropy estimator $H_Z$, calculated from global dynamical parameters, in an attempt to capture the degree of evolution of galaxy systems. We assume that the observed (spatial and velocity) distributions of member galaxies in these systems evolve over time towards states of higher dynamical relaxation (higher entropy), becoming more random and

Jayanth Jayakumar, Monika E. Mycroft, Marco Barbieri, Magdalena Stobińska

Accurate phase estimation in the presence of unknown phase diffusive noise is a crucial yet challenging task in noisy quantum metrology. This problem is particularly interesting due to the detrimental impact of the associated noise. Here, we investigate the joint estimation of phase and phase diffusion using generalized Holland-Burnett states, known for thei

Jiao Chen, Martin Hsu, Fred Yu-Hsiang Lin

This paper studies the $L^{p}$ boundedness of bilinear Fourier multipliers in the local $L^{2}$ range. We assume a H\"{o}rmander condition relative to a singular set that is a finite union of Lipschitz curves. The H\"{o}rmander condition is sharp with respect to the Sobolev exponent. Our setup generalizes the non-degenerate bilinear Hilbert transform but avo

Dawid Płudowski, Antoni Zajko, Anna Kozak, Katarzyna Woźnica

Effectively representing heterogeneous tabular datasets for meta-learning purposes remains an open problem. Previous approaches rely on predefined meta-features, for example, statistical measures or landmarkers. The emergence of dataset encoders opens new possibilities for the extraction of meta-features because they do not involve any handmade design. Moreo

Thibault Bourgeois, Lauriane Chomaz

We theoretically investigate the impact of weak static perturbations of a flat potential on the density of a quasi-two-dimensional dipolar Bose gas. {We consider the perturbative effects of potential perturbations at first order and restrict to the mean-field stable regime. We first study cosinusoidal potential perturbations at a given spatial frequency; thi

Jean-Baptiste Caillau, Lamberto Dell'Elce, Alesia Herasimenka, Jean-Baptiste Pomet

Sufficient and necessary conditions are established for controllability of affine control systems where the control is constrained to a set whose convex hull contains the origin but is not necessarily, in contrast with previously known results, a neighborhood of the origin. Part of the results, in particular these on global controllability, are specific to s

Sarah Farahdel, Chun Wang, Anjali Awasthi

This systematic literature review explores sustainability assessment frameworks (SAFs) across diverse industries. The review focuses on SAF design approaches including the methods used for Sustainability Indicator (SI) selection, relative importance assessment, and interdependency analysis. Various methods, including literature reviews, stakeholder interview

Stefano Scanzio, Matteo Rosani, Mattia Scamuzzi, Gianluca Cena

This specification document specifies the syntax and semantics of QRtree, which is a specific dialect of QRscript particularly suited to represent decision trees without chance nodes. The term dialect identifies one of the possible sub-languages that can be encoded inside of an eQR code via QRscript. This specification will describe an intermediate represent

Dana E. Anderson, L. Ilsedore Cleeves, Geoffrey A. Blake, Chunhua Qi

Molecular emission is used to investigate both the physical and chemical properties of protoplanetary disks. Therefore, to accurately derive disk properties, we need a thorough understanding of the behavior of the molecular probes we rely on. Here we investigate how the molecular line emission of N$_2$H$^+$, HCO$^+$, HCN, and C$^{18}$O compare to other measu

Mahyar Emami, Thomas Bourgeat, James Larus

Hardware development critically depends on cycle-accurate RTL simulation. However, as chip complexity increases, conventional single-threaded simulation becomes impractical due to stagnant single-core performance. Parendi is an RTL simulator that addresses this challenge by exploiting the abundant fine-grained parallelism inherent in RTL simulation and effic

Francisco Holguin, GS Sidharth, Gavin Portwood

The geometric multigrid algorithm is an efficient numerical method for solving a variety of elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs). The method damps errors at progressively finer grid scales, resulting in faster convergence compared to iterative methods such as Gauss-Seidel. The prolongation or coarse-to-fine interpolation operator within the multigr

Cameron Foreman, Lluis Masanes

Device-independent (DI) quantum cryptography aims at providing secure cryptography with minimal trust in, or characterisation of, the underlying quantum devices. A key step in DI protocols is randomness extraction (or privacy amplification), which typically requires a \textit{seed} of additional bits with sufficient entropy and statistical independence from

Sangli Teng, Harry Zhang, David Jin, Ashkan Jasour

This paper develops a new filtering approach for state estimation in polynomial systems corrupted by arbitrary noise, which commonly arise in robotics. We first consider a batch setup where we perform state estimation using all data collected from the initial to the current time. We formulate the batch state estimation problem as a Polynomial Optimization Pr

Asaad Daher, Wojciech Florkowski, Radoslaw Ryblewski, Farid Taghinavaz

We analyze the low- and high-momentum rest frame modes in the second-order spin hydrodynamics and check the asymptotic causality of the theory. A truncation scheme of the Israel-Stewart formalism derived in our earlier work is proposed that extends the minimal causal formulation. It consists of altogether 40 interconnected relaxation-type dynamical equations

A. Jaries, M. Stryjczyk, A. Kankainen, L. Al Ayoubi

The masses of $^{84}$Br, $^{105}$Mo, $^{115,119,121}$Pd, $^{122}$Ag, $^{127,129}$In, $^{132}$Sb and their respective isomeric states have been measured with the JYFLTRAP Penning trap mass spectrometer using the phase-imaging ion-cyclotron-resonance technique. The excitation energies of the isomeric states in $^{132}$Sb and $^{119}$Pd were experimentally dete

Giorgio Nicoletti, Daniel Maria Busiello

Biological and living organisms sense and process information from their surroundings, typically having access only to a subset of external observables for a limited amount of time. In this work, we uncover how biological systems can exploit these accessible degrees of freedom (DOFs) to transduce information from the inaccessible ones with a limited energy b

Stefano Scanzio, Matteo Rosani, Mattia Scamuzzi, Gianluca Cena

This specification document specifies the syntax and semantics of QRscript. The current document only shows the part related to the QRscript header, i.e., the first part of the binary code that must be inserted into the QR code. A QR code containing an executable code is called an executable QR code (eQR code). QRscript supports different dialects, i.e., sub

Chadi Nour, Jean Takche

We introduce a variable radius form of the extended exterior sphere condition of [16], and then, we prove that the complement of a closed set satisfying this new property is nothing but the union of closed balls with lower semicontinous radius function. This generalizes, to the variable radius case, the main result of [16], namely, [16, Theorem 1.2]. On the

Chen Li, Weiqi Wang, Jingcheng Hu, Yixuan Wei

Mathematical capabilities were previously believed to emerge in common language models only at a very large scale or require extensive math-related pre-training. This paper shows that the LLaMA-2 7B model with common pre-training already exhibits strong mathematical abilities, as evidenced by its impressive accuracy of 97.7% and 72.0% on the GSM8K and MATH b

Alexander Sazhin, Vladimir N. Gladilin, Andris Erglis, Göran Hellmann

The quantum regression theorem states that the correlations of a system at two different times are governed by the same equations of motion as the temporal response of the average values. Such a relation provides a powerful framework for the investigation of physical systems by establishing a formal connection between intrinsic microscopic behaviour and a ma

Yu-Ao Chen, Yin Mo, Yingjian Liu, Lei Zhang

Reversing an unknown quantum evolution is of central importance to quantum information processing and fundamental physics, yet it remains a formidable challenge as conventional methods necessitate an infinite number of queries to fully characterize the quantum process. Here we introduce the Quantum Unitary Reversal Algorithm (QURA), a deterministic and exact

Chengzhen Meng, Yifan Duan, Chenming He, Dequan Wang

Place recognition is crucial for tasks like loop-closure detection and re-localization. Single-chip millimeter wave radar (single-chip radar in short) emerges as a low-cost sensor option for place recognition, with the advantage of insensitivity to degraded visual environments. However, it encounters two challenges. Firstly, sparse point cloud from single-ch

Aytekin Çibik, William Layton

In 1991 Ramshaw and Mesina introduced a clever synthesis of penalty methods and artificial compression methods. Its form makes it an interesting option to replace the pressure update in the Uzawa iteration. The result, for the Stokes problem, is \begin{equation} \left\{ \begin{array} [c]{cc} Step\ 1: & -\triangle u^{n+1}+\nabla p^{n}=f(x),\ {\rm in}\ Ω,\ u^{

Hashmat Shadab Malik, Muhammad Huzaifa, Muzammal Naseer, Salman Khan

Given the large-scale multi-modal training of recent vision-based models and their generalization capabilities, understanding the extent of their robustness is critical for their real-world deployment. In this work, we evaluate the resilience of current vision-based models against diverse object-to-background context variations. The majority of robustness ev

Sijia Chen, En Yu, Jinyang Li, Wenbing Tao

Multiple Object Tracking (MOT) is a critical area within computer vision, with a broad spectrum of practical implementations. Current research has primarily focused on the development of tracking algorithms and enhancement of post-processing techniques. Yet, there has been a lack of thorough examination concerning the nature of tracking data it self. In this

Marianne Bessemoulin-Chatard, Tino Laidin, Thomas Rey

In this article, we propose a finite volume discretization of a one dimensional nonlinear reaction kinetic model proposed in [Neumann, Schmeiser, Kint. Rel. Mod. 2016], which describes a 2-species recombination-generation process. Specifically, we establish the long-time convergence of approximate solutions towards equilibrium, at exponential rate. The study

J. M. Z. Choquehuanca, P. A. C. Obando, F. M. de Paula, M. S. Sarandy

We investigate the dynamics of ergotropy in open systems under Markovian and non-Markovian evolutions. In this scenario, we begin by formulating the ergotropy of an arbitrary qubit state in terms of energy and coherence. Thus, we determine the conditions for ergotropy freezing and ergotropy sudden death as a consequence of the system-bath interaction. In ord

Kaishen Yuan, Zitong Yu, Xin Liu, Weicheng Xie

Facial Action Units (AU) is a vital concept in the realm of affective computing, and AU detection has always been a hot research topic. Existing methods suffer from overfitting issues due to the utilization of a large number of learnable parameters on scarce AU-annotated datasets or heavy reliance on substantial additional relevant data. Parameter-Efficient

Ekaterina Fadeeva, Aleksandr Rubashevskii, Artem Shelmanov, Sergey Petrakov

Large language models (LLMs) are notorious for hallucinating, i.e., producing erroneous claims in their output. Such hallucinations can be dangerous, as occasional factual inaccuracies in the generated text might be obscured by the rest of the output being generally factually correct, making it extremely hard for the users to spot them. Current services that

A. A. Grib, Yu. V. Pavlov

During particle collisions in the vicinity of the horizon of black holes, it is possible to achieve energies and temperatures corresponding to phase transitions in particle physics. It is shown that the sizes of the regions of the new phase are of the order of the Compton length for the corresponding mass scale. The lifetime is also on the order of the Compt

Mohsen Alambardar Meybodi, Abolfazl Poureidi

A subset $S$ of vertices in a graph $G=(V, E)$ is a Dominating Set if each vertex in $V(G)\setminus S$ is adjacent to at least one vertex in $S$. Chellali et al. in 2013, by restricting the number of neighbors in $S$ of a vertex outside $S$, introduced the concept of $[1,j]$-dominating set. A set $D \subseteq V$ of a graph $G = (V, E)$ is called a $[1,j]$-Do

Sergio Nava-Muñoz, Mario Graff, Hugo Jair Escalante

Collaborative competitions have gained popularity in the scientific and technological fields. These competitions involve defining tasks, selecting evaluation scores, and devising result verification methods. In the standard scenario, participants receive a training set and are expected to provide a solution for a held-out dataset kept by organizers. An essen

Junsong Chen, Chongjian Ge, Enze Xie, Yue Wu

In this paper, we introduce PixArt-\Sigma, a Diffusion Transformer model~(DiT) capable of directly generating images at 4K resolution. PixArt-\Sigma represents a significant advancement over its predecessor, PixArt-\alpha, offering images of markedly higher fidelity and improved alignment with text prompts. A key feature of PixArt-\Sigma is its training effi

Hong-Mao Peng, Zhan Wang, Long Zhang

We theoretically study the quantum spin Hall insulator (QSHI) in a perpendicular magnetic field. In the noninteracting case, the QSHI with space inversion and/or uniaxial spin rotation symmetry undergoes a topological transition into a normal insulator phase at a critical magnetic field $B_{\rm c}$. The exciton condensation in the lowest Landau levels is tri

Ali Hassani, Wen-Mei Hwu, Humphrey Shi

Neighborhood attention reduces the cost of self attention by restricting each token's attention span to its nearest neighbors. This restriction, parameterized by a window size and dilation factor, draws a spectrum of possible attention patterns between linear projection and self attention. Neighborhood attention, and more generally sliding window attention p

Jiří Svoboda, Michal Dovčiak, James F. Steiner, Philip Kaaret

Black-hole X-ray binaries exhibit different spectral and timing properties in different accretion states. The X-ray outburst of a recently discovered and extraordinarily bright source, Swift$~$J1727.8$-$1613, has enabled the first investigation of how the X-ray polarization properties of a source evolve with spectral state. The 2$-$8 keV polarization degree

Aron Bevelander, Kim Batselier, Nitin Jonathan Myers

Compressed sensing (CS) techniques demand significant storage and computational resources, when recovering high-dimensional sparse signals. Block CS (BCS), a special class of CS, addresses both the storage and complexity issues by partitioning the sparse recovery problem into several sub-problems. In this paper, we derive a Welch bound-based guarantee on the

Kaushik Borah, Minerba Betancourt, Richard J. Hill, Thomas Junk

At leading order in weak and electromagnetic couplings, cross sections for (anti)neutrino-nucleon elastic scattering are determined by four nucleon form factors that depend on the momentum transfer $Q^2$. Including radiative corrections in the Standard Model and potential new physics contributions beyond the Standard Model, eight invariant amplitudes are pos

Nhat A. Nghiem

Topological data analysis (TDA) is a fast-growing field that utilizes advanced tools from topology to analyze large-scale data. A central problem in topological data analysis is estimating the so-called Betti numbers of the underlying simplicial complex. While the difficulty of this problem has been established as NP-hard, previous works have showcased appea

Thorsten Ohl

I introduce a systematic procedure for constructing complete and independent sets of interactions of fields transforming under exotic representations of SU(N), in particular the SU(3) gauge group of QCD. It uncovers errors in previous results, starting with interactions of four fields including a single sextet.

A. A. Saharian, R. M. Avagyan, G. H. Harutyunyan, G. H. Nikoghosyan

We investigate vacuum expectation value of the energy-momentum tensor for a massive Dirac field in flat spacetime with a toroidal subspace of a general dimension. Quasiperiodicity conditions with arbitrary phases are imposed on the field operator along compact dimensions. These phases are interpreted in terms of magnetic fluxes enclosed by compact dimensions

Albert Duran-Cabacés, Diego Sáez-Chillón Gómez

In the era of gravitational waves physics, when detections of wave fronts are increasing in number, sensibility, frequencies and distances, gravitational physics has entered a period of maximum activity and brilliance. This has open a new window where General Relativity can be challenged in both weak as strong-field regimes. In this paper, we focus on the an

Keisuke Inomata

We examine one-loop corrections from small-scale curvature perturbations to the superhorizon-limit ones in single-field inflation models, which have recently caused controversy. We consider the case where the Universe experiences transitions of slow-roll (SR) $\to$ intermediate period $\to$ SR. The intermediate period can be an ultra-slow-roll period or a re

Paul Schwahn, Uwe Semmelmann

We study the integrability to second order of the infinitesimal Einstein deformations of the symmetric metric $g$ on the complex Grassmannian of $k$-planes inside $\mathbb{C}^n$. By showing the nonvanishing of Koiso's obstruction polynomial, we characterize the infinitesimal deformations that are integrable to second order as an explicit variety inside $\mat

Darshan Chakrabarti, Julien Grand-Clément, Christian Kroer

In this paper, we introduce the first algorithmic framework for Blackwell approachability on the sequence-form polytope, the class of convex polytopes capturing the strategies of players in extensive-form games (EFGs). This leads to a new class of regret-minimization algorithms that are stepsize-invariant, in the same sense as the Regret Matching and Regret

Eden J. Hennessey, Anastasia Smolina, Skye Hennessey, Adrianna Tassone

The lack of diversity in physics remains a persistent worldwide problem. Despite being a quantitative discipline which relies on measurements to construct and validate hypotheses, there remains a paucity of data on both demographics and experiences of marginalized groups. In Canada, there has never been a nationwide assessment of those studying or working in