March 2024 arXiv papers — page 178

Zhenyu Pan, Ammar Gilani, En-Jui Kuo, Zhuo Liu

We propose an RNN-based efficient Ising model solver, the Criticality-ordered Recurrent Mean Field (CoRMF), for forward Ising problems. In its core, a criticality-ordered spin sequence of an $N$-spin Ising model is introduced by sorting mission-critical edges with greedy algorithm, such that an autoregressive mean-field factorization can be utilized and opti

Mohamed Afifi, Mohamed ElHelw

Perception is a key element for enabling intelligent autonomous navigation. Understanding the semantics of the surrounding environment and accurate vehicle pose estimation are essential capabilities for autonomous vehicles, including self-driving cars and mobile robots that perform complex tasks. Fast moving platforms like self-driving cars impose a hard cha

Roman Pol, Piotr Zakrzewski

We continue a study of the relations between two consequences of the Continuum Hypothesis discovered by Waclaw Sierpinski, concerning uniform continuity of continuous functions and uniform convergence of sequences of real-valued functions, defined on subsets of the real line of cardinality continuum.

Emily van Huffelen, Roel Brouwer, Marjan van den Akker

We study Electric Vehicle (EV) charging from a scheduling perspective, aiming to minimize delays while respecting the grid constraints. A network of parking lots is considered, each with a given number of charging stations for electric vehicles. Some of the parking lots have a roof with solar panels. The demand that can be served at each parking lot is limit

Florian Lange, Gerhard Wellein, Holger Fehske

We use infinite matrix-product-state techniques to study the time evolution of the charge-density-wave (CDW) order after a quench or a light pulse in a fundamental fermion-boson model. The motion of fermions in the model is linked to the creation of bosonic excitations, which counteracts the melting of the CDW order. For low-energy quenches corresponding to

Jiangbo Yu

Mobility-on-demand (MOD) services have the potential to significantly improve the adaptiveness and recovery of urban systems, in the wake of disruptive events. But there lacks a comprehensive review on using MOD services for such purposes in addition to serving regular travel demand. This paper presents a review that suggests a noticeable increase within rec

Alba Domi, Thomas Eberl, Max Joseph Fahn, Kristina Giesel

In this work, a microscopic quantum mechanical model for gravitationally induced decoherence introduced by Blencowe and Xu is investigated in the context of neutrino oscillations. The focus is on the comparison with existing phenomenological models and the physical interpretation of the decoherence parameters in such models. The results show that for neutrin

Chunchu Zhu, Xunjie Chen, Jingang Yi

Current studies on human locomotion focus mainly on solid ground walking conditions. In this paper, we present a biomechanic comparison of human walking locomotion on solid ground and sand. A novel dataset containing 3-dimensional motion and biomechanical data from 20 able-bodied adults for locomotion on solid ground and sand is collected. We present the dat

Daiki Tsuzuki, Kentaro Ohki

The Kalman-Bucy filter is extensively utilized across various applications. However, its computational complexity increases significantly in large-scale systems. To mitigate this challenge, a low-rank approximated Kalman--Bucy filter was proposed, comprising Oja's principal component flow and a low-dimensional Riccati differential equation. Previously, the e

Jan E. Gerken, Pan Kessel

We show that deep ensembles become equivariant for all inputs and at all training times by simply using data augmentation. Crucially, equivariance holds off-manifold and for any architecture in the infinite width limit. The equivariance is emergent in the sense that predictions of individual ensemble members are not equivariant but their collective predictio

Chuanqi Cheng, Quan Tu, Shuo Shang, Cunli Mao

Personalized dialogue systems have gained significant attention in recent years for their ability to generate responses in alignment with different personas. However, most existing approaches rely on pre-defined personal profiles, which are not only time-consuming and labor-intensive to create but also lack flexibility. We propose In-Dialogue Learning (IDL),

Yuqi Zhu, Shuofei Qiao, Yixin Ou, Shumin Deng

Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated great potential in complex reasoning tasks, yet they fall short when tackling more sophisticated challenges, especially when interacting with environments through generating executable actions. This inadequacy primarily stems from the lack of built-in action knowledge in language agents, which fails to effective

Jarne Van Mulders, Sam Boeckx, Jona Cappelle, Liesbet Van der Perre

Internet of Things (IoT) technology is named as a key ingredient in the evolution towards digitization of many applications and services. A deployment based on battery-powered remote Internet of Things (IoT) devices enables easy installation and operation, yet the autonomy of these devices poses a crucial challenge. A too short lifespan is undesirable from a

Zeqian Ju, Yuancheng Wang, Kai Shen, Xu Tan

While recent large-scale text-to-speech (TTS) models have achieved significant progress, they still fall short in speech quality, similarity, and prosody. Considering speech intricately encompasses various attributes (e.g., content, prosody, timbre, and acoustic details) that pose significant challenges for generation, a natural idea is to factorize speech i

Traymon E. Beavers, Ge Cheng, Yajie Duan, Javier Cabrera

Big data, with NxP dimension where N is extremely large, has created new challenges for data analysis, particularly in the realm of creating meaningful clusters of data. Clustering techniques, such as K-means or hierarchical clustering are popular methods for performing exploratory analysis on large datasets. Unfortunately, these methods are not always possi

P. Marchant Cortés, J. L. Nilo Castellón, M. V. Alonso, L. Baravalle

Automated methods for classifying extragalactic objects in large surveys offer significant advantages compared to manual approaches in terms of efficiency and consistency. However, the existence of the Galactic disk raises additional concerns. These regions are known for high levels of interstellar extinction, star crowding, and limited data sets and studies

Hiroki Usuba, Junichi Sato, Naomi Sasaya, Shota Yamanaka

Selecting a UI element is a fundamental operation on webpages, and the ease of tapping a target object has a significant impact on usability. It is thus important to analyze existing UIs in order to design better ones. However, tools proposed in previous studies cannot identify whether an element is tappable on modern webpages. In this study, we developed Ta

Kostas Danas, Pedro M. Reis

In this study, we perform a critical examination of the phenomenon where the magnetization is stretch-independent in incompressible hard-magnetic magnetorheological elastomers (h-MREs), as observed in several recent experimental and numerical investigations. We demonstrate that the fully dissipative model proposed by Mukherjee et al. (2021) may be reduced, u

Yuxin Guo, Shijie Ma, Yuhao Zhao, Hu Su

Audio-Visual Source Localization (AVSL) is the task of identifying specific sounding objects in the scene given audio cues. In our work, we focus on semi-supervised AVSL with pseudo-labeling. To address the issues with vanilla hard pseudo-labels including bias accumulation, noise sensitivity, and instability, we propose a novel method named Cross Pseudo-Labe

Ruslan Salimov, Alexander Ukhlov

In this paper we consider refined geometric characterizations of weak $p$-quasiconformal mappings $\varphi:\Omega\to\widetilde{\Omega}$, where $\Omega$ and $\widetilde{\Omega}$ are domains in $\mathbb R^n$. We prove that mappings with the bounded on the set $\Omega\setminus S$, where a set $S$ has $\sigma$-finite $(n-1)$-measure, geometric $p$-dilatation, ar

Avram Sidi

In this note, we present a simple proof of an analogue of the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality relevant to products of determinants. Specifically, we show that $$ |\det(A^*MB)|^2\leq \det(A^*MA)\cdot \det(B^*MB),\quad A,B\in \mathbb{C}^{m\times n},$$ where $M\in\mathbb{C}^{m\times m}$ is hermitian positive definite. Here $m$ and $n$ are arbitrary. In case $m\leq n$

Maximilian Kurjahn, Leila Abbaspour, Franziska Papenfuß, Philip Bittihn

Motility coupled to responsive behavior is essential for many microorganisms to seek and establish appropriate habitats. One of the simplest possible responses, reversing the direction of motion, is believed to enable filamentous cyanobacteria to form stable aggregates or accumulate in suitable light conditions. Here, we demonstrate that filamentous morpholo

Vahe Gharakhanyan, Luke J. Wirth, Jose A. Garrido Torres, Ethan Eisenberg

The melting temperature is important for materials design because of its relationship with thermal stability, synthesis, and processing conditions. Current empirical and computational melting point estimation techniques are limited in scope, computational feasibility, or interpretability. We report the development of a machine learning methodology for predic

Daniel Wright, Karel Adámek, Wesley Armour

The CLEAN algorithm, first published by H\"{o}gbom and its later variants such as Multiscale CLEAN (msCLEAN) by Cornwell, has been the most popular tool for deconvolution in radio astronomy. Interferometric imaging used in aperture synthesis radio telescopes requires deconvolution for removal of the telescopes point spread function from the observed images.

Daniel Wirtitsch, Georg Wachter, Sarah Reisenbauer, Johannes Schalko

Quantum sensors based on the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centre in diamond are rapidly advancing from scientific exploration towards the first generation of commercial applications. While significant progress has been made in developing suitable methods for the manipulation of the NV centre spin state, the detection of the defect luminescence has so far limited th

Jiawei Wu, Mingyuan Yan, Dianbo Liu

The pursuit of optimizing cancer therapies is significantly advanced by the accurate prediction of drug synergy. Traditional methods, such as clinical trials, are reliable yet encumbered by extensive time and financial demands. The emergence of high-throughput screening and computational innovations has heralded a shift towards more efficient methodologies f

Hao Jiang, Chi-yuan Yang, Deyu Tu, Zhu Chen

Conjugated polymer fibers can be used to manufacture various soft fibrous optoelectronic devices, significantly advancing wearable devices and smart textiles. Recently, conjugated polymer-based fibrous electronic devices have been widely used in energy conversion, electrochemical sensing, and human-machine interaction. However, the insufficient mechanical pr

Alev Orfi, Dries Sels

Sampling tasks are a natural class of problems for quantum computers due to the probabilistic nature of the Born rule. Sampling from useful distributions on noisy quantum hardware remains a challenging problem. A recent paper [Layden, D. et al. Nature 619, 282-287 (2023)] proposed a quantum-enhanced Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm where moves are generate

Max J. B. Newman, Kristen B. W. McQuinn, Evan D. Skillman, Martha L. Boyer

The Tip of the Red Giant Branch (TRGB)-based distance method in the I band is one of the most efficient and precise techniques for measuring distances to nearby galaxies (D <= 15 Mpc). The TRGB in the near infrared (NIR) is 1 to 2 magnitudes brighter relative to the I band, and has the potential to expand the range over which distance measurements to nearby

Greta Coraglia, Jacopo Emmenegger

We consider the equivalence between the two main categorical models for the type-theoretical operation of context comprehension, namely P. Dybjer's categories with families and B. Jacobs' comprehension categories, and generalise it to the non-discrete case. The classical equivalence can be summarised in the slogan: "terms as sections". By recognising "terms

Poulomi Chakraborty, Aaron Hui, Grigory Bednik, Brian Skinner

The search for materials with large thermopower is of great practical interest. Dirac and Weyl semimetals have recently proven to exhibit superior thermoelectric properties, particularly when subjected to a quantizing magnetic field. Here we consider whether a similar enhancement arises in nodal line semimetals, for which the conduction and valence band meet

Erwan Mahe, Boutheina Bannour, Christophe Gaston, Arnault Lapitre

Offline runtime verification involves the static analysis of executions of a system against a specification. For distributed systems, it is generally not possible to characterize executions in the form of global traces, given the absence of a global clock. To account for this, we model executions as collections of local traces called multi-traces, with one l

S. M. Stishov

Review of the author's data, partly still unpublished, on studying of liquid tellurium and cesium are given. No proofs indicating phase transitions in liquids were found. New developments in studying the liquid-liquid phase transition are briefly described. Some relevant ethical problems are exposed in the bibliography section.

Haneol Kang, Dong-Wan Choi

The stability-plasticity dilemma is a major challenge in continual learning, as it involves balancing the conflicting objectives of maintaining performance on previous tasks while learning new tasks. In this paper, we propose the recall-oriented continual learning framework to address this challenge. Inspired by the human brain's ability to separate the mech

Yasuko Kawahata

This note explores the innovative application of soliton theory and plasmonic phenomena in modeling user behavior and engagement within digital health platforms. By introducing the concept of soliton solutions, we present a novel approach to understanding stable patterns of health improvement behaviors over time. Additionally, we delve into the role of tellu

Islam G. Ali

Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) represent versatile tools with diverse applications spanning physics, chemistry, geology, and medical science. This comprehensive review explores the foundational principles of NMR and MRI technologies, elucidating their evolution from fundamental quantum mechanical concepts to widespread

Jose Soto Garcia, Natalia Chepiga

The experimental realization of the quantum Kibble-Zurek mechanism in arrays of trapped Rydberg atoms has brought the problem of commensurate-incommensurate transition back into the focus of active research. Relying on equilibrium simulations of finite intervals, direct chiral transitions at the boundary of the period-3 and period-4 phases have been predicte

Tanjung Krisnanda, Clara Yun Fontaine, Adrian Copetudo, Pengtao Song

Quantum state reconstruction is an essential element in quantum information processing. However, efficient and reliable reconstruction of non-trivial quantum states in the presence of hardware imperfections can be challenging. This task is particularly demanding for high-dimensional states encoded in continuous-variable (CV) systems, where a large number of

Daria S. Roshal, Kirill K. Fedorenko, Marianne Martin, Stephen Baghdiguian

Most of normal proliferative epithelia of plants and metazoans are topologically invariant and characterized by similar cell distributions according to the number of cell neighbors (DCNs). Here we study peculiarities of these distributions and explain why the DCN obtained from the location of intercellular boundaries and that based on the Voronoi tessellatio

Prem Agarwal, Kirill Melnikov, Ivan Pedron

We derive a compact representation of the renormalized $N$-jettiness soft function that is free of infrared and collinear divergences through next-to-next-to-leading order in perturbative QCD. The number of hard partons $N$ is a parameter in the formula for the finite remainder. Cancellation of all infrared and collinear singularities between the bare soft f

Chun-Peng Chang, Shaoxiang Wang, Alain Pagani, Didier Stricker

3D visual grounding involves matching natural language descriptions with their corresponding objects in 3D spaces. Existing methods often face challenges with accuracy in object recognition and struggle in interpreting complex linguistic queries, particularly with descriptions that involve multiple anchors or are view-dependent. In response, we present the M

Wei Hou, Tim Colonius

We study the lattice Green's function (LGF) of the screened Poisson equation on a two-dimensional rectangular lattice. This LGF arises in numerical analysis, random walks, solid-state physics, and other fields. Its defining characteristic is the screening term, which defines different regimes. When its coefficient is large, we can accurately approximate the

Braeden Bowen, Vipin Vijayan, Scott Grigsby, Timothy Anderson

The challenge of visual grounding and masking in multimodal machine translation (MMT) systems has encouraged varying approaches to the detection and selection of visually-grounded text tokens for masking. We introduce new methods for detection of visually and contextually relevant (concrete) tokens from source sentences, including detection with natural lang

L. E. Pirogov, P. M. Zemlyanukha, E. M. Dombek, M. A. Voronkov

The results of spectral observations in the $\sim 84-92$ GHz frequency range of six objects in the southern sky containing dense cores and associated with regions of massive stars and star clusters formation are presented. The observations were carried out with the MOPRA-22m radio telescope. Within the framework of the local thermodynamic equilibrium (LTE) a

Tori Day, Rylan Gajek-Leonard

Fix distinct primes $p$ and $q$ and let $E$ be an elliptic curve defined over a number field $K$. The $(p,q)$-entanglement type of $E$ over $K$ is the isomorphism class of the group $\operatorname{Gal}(K(E[p])\cap K(E[q])/K)$. The size of this group measures the extent to which the image of the mod $pq$ Galois representation attached to $E$ fails to be a dir

Céline Moucer, Adrien Taylor, Francis Bach

Greedy first-order methods, such as coordinate descent with Gauss-Southwell rule or matching pursuit, have become popular in optimization due to their natural tendency to propose sparse solutions and their refined convergence guarantees. In this work, we propose a principled approach to generating (regularized) matching pursuit algorithms adapted to the geom

Nina Vesseron, Marco Cuturi

In 1991, Brenier proved a theorem that generalizes the polar decomposition for square matrices -- factored as PSD $\times$ unitary -- to any vector field $F:\mathbb{R}^d\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^d$. The theorem, known as the polar factorization theorem, states that any field $F$ can be recovered as the composition of the gradient of a convex function $u$ with a

G. Valle, M. Dell'Omodarme, P. G. Prada Moroni, S. Degl'Innocenti

We investigated the theoretical biases affecting the asteroseismic grid-based estimates of stellar parameters in the presence of a mismatch between the heavy element mixture of observed stars and stellar models. We performed a controlled simulation adopting effective temperature, [Fe/H], average large frequency spacing, and frequency of maximum oscillation p

Vaidotas Simkus, Michael U. Gutmann

We consider the task of estimating variational autoencoders (VAEs) when the training data is incomplete. We show that missing data increases the complexity of the model's posterior distribution over the latent variables compared to the fully-observed case. The increased complexity may adversely affect the fit of the model due to a mismatch between the variat

Guang-Jie Chen, Zhu-Bo Wang, Chenyue Gu, Dong Zhao

Single atoms trapped in tightly focused optical dipole traps provide an excellent experimental platform for quantum computing, precision measurement, and fundamental physics research. In this work, we propose and demonstrate a novel approach to enhancing the loading of single atoms by introducing a weak ancillary dipole beam. The loading rate of single atoms

Markus Lohrey, Markus L. Schmid

We study the problem of enumerating the answers to a query formulated in monadic second order logic (MSO) over an unranked forest F that is compressed by a straight-line program (SLP) D. Our main result states that this can be done after O(|D|) preprocessing and with output-linear delay (in data complexity). This is a substantial improvement over the previou

Nikilesh Ramesh, Eric C. Kerrigan, Yuanbo Nie

In contrast to set-point tracking which aims to reduce the tracking error between the tracker and the reference, tracking-in-range problems only focus on whether the tracker is within a given range around the reference, making it more suitable for the mission specifications of many practical applications. In this work, we present novel optimal control formul

Ritika Sethi, David V. Martin

Stellar binaries are ubiquitous in the galaxy and a laboratory for astrophysical effects. We use TESS to study photometric modulations in the lightcurves of 162 unequal mass eclipsing binaries from the EBLM (Eclipsing Binary Low Mass) survey, comprising F/G/K primaries and M-dwarf secondaries. We detect modulations on 81 eclipsing binaries. We catalog the ro

Simon Dupourqué, Nicolas Clerc, Etienne Pointecouteau, Dominique Eckert

The intra-cluster medium is prone to turbulent motion that will contribute to the non-thermal heating of the gas, complicating the use of galaxy clusters as cosmological probes. Indirect approaches can estimate the intensity and structure of turbulent motions by studying the associated fluctuations in gas density and X-ray surface brightness. In this work, w

Zhen Yao, Jiawei Xu, Shuhang Hou, Mooi Choo Chuah

Routine visual inspections of concrete structures are imperative for upholding the safety and integrity of critical infrastructure. Such visual inspections sometimes happen under low-light conditions, e.g., checking for bridge health. Crack segmentation under such conditions is challenging due to the poor contrast between cracks and their surroundings. Howev

Wataru Kai

We give an alternative proof of Suslin's equi-dimensionalization moving lemma using a different geometric construction. The new construction provides better control of the degrees of the polynomials describing the geometric procedure. The new degree bound can be used to improve an earlier result of Hiroyasu Miyazaki and the present author on algebraic cycles

Eduardo Vyhmeister, Gabriel G. Castane

Industry is at the forefront of adopting new technologies, and the process followed by the adoption has a significant impact on the economy and society. In this work, we focus on analysing the current paradigm in which industry evolves, making it more sustainable and Trustworthy. In Industry 5.0, Artificial Intelligence (AI), among other technology enablers,

Minghui Du, Pengzhan Wu, Ziren Luo, Peng Xu

Time Delay Interferometry (TDI) is an indispensable step in the whole data processing procedure of space-based gravitational wave detection, as it mitigates the overwhelming laser frequency noise, which would otherwise completely bury the gravitational wave signals. Knowledge on the inter-spacecraft optical paths (i.e. delays) is one of the key elements of T

N. F. Allard, J. F. Kielkopf, K. Myneni, J. N. Blakely

We report on our new calculations of unified line profiles of K perturbed by He using ab initio potential data for the conditions prevailing in cool substellar brown dwarfs and hot dense planetary atmospheres with temperatures from $T_\mathrm{eff}$=500~$\ \mathrm{K}$ to 3000~$\ \mathrm{K}$. For such objects with atmospheres of H$_2$ and He, conventional labo

Han Yu, Alan D. Hutson, Xiaoyi Ma

In this work, we proposed a novel inferential procedure assisted by machine learning based adjustment for randomized control trials. The method was developed under the Rosenbaum's framework of exact tests in randomized experiments with covariate adjustments. Through extensive simulation experiments, we showed the proposed method can robustly control the type

Erwan Mahe, Boutheina Bannour, Christophe Gaston, Pascale Le Gall

Runtime Verification (RV) refers to a family of techniques in which system executions are observed and confronted to formal specifications, with the aim of identifying faults. In Offline RV, observation is done in a first step and verification in a second, on a static artifact collected during observation. In this paper, we define an approach to offline RV o

Federico Binda, Doosung Park, Paul Arne Østvær

We consider slice filtrations in logarithmic motivic homotopy theory. Our main results establish conjectured compatibilities with the Beilinson, BMS, and HKR filtrations on (topological, log) Hochschild homology and related invariants. In the case of perfect fields admitting resolution of singularities, we show that the slice filtration realizes the BMS filt

Yuzi Yan, Yuan Shen

This paper proposes a scalable distributed policy gradient method and proves its convergence to near-optimal solution in multi-agent linear quadratic networked systems. The agents engage within a specified network under local communication constraints, implying that each agent can only exchange information with a limited number of neighboring agents. On the

Abhishek Dhawan

In this note we consider a more general version of local sparsity introduced recently by Anderson, Kuchukova, and the author. In particular, we say a graph $G = (V, E)$ is $(k, r)$-locally-sparse if for each vertex $v \in V(G)$, the subgraph induced by its neighborhood contains at most $k$ cliques of size $r$. For $r \geq 3$ and $\epsilon \in [0, 1]$, we sho

Ryan M. Dreifuerst, Robert W. Heath

Obtaining accurate and timely channel state information (CSI) is a fundamental challenge for large antenna systems. Mobile systems like 5G use a beam management framework that joins the initial access, beamforming, CSI acquisition, and data transmission. The design of codebooks for these stages, however, is challenging due to their interrelationships, varyin

Sumit Suresh Kale, Sabre Kais

Studying chemical reactions, particularly in the gas phase, relies heavily on computing scattering matrix elements. These elements are essential for characterizing molecular reactions and accurately determining reaction probabilities. However, the intricate nature of quantum interactions poses challenges, necessitating the use of advanced mathematical models

Yunpeng Wang, Zhijie Li, Zelong Yuan, Wenhui Peng

Fast and accurate predictions of turbulent flows are of great importance in the science and engineering field. In this paper, we investigate the implicit U-Net enhanced Fourier neural operator (IUFNO) in the stable prediction of long-time dynamics of three-dimensional (3D) turbulent channel flows. The trained IUFNO models are tested in the large-eddy simulat

Bnaya Gross, Irina Volotsenko, Yuval Sallem, Nahala Yadid

Phase transitions are fundamental features of statistical physics. While the well-studied continuous phase transitions are known to be controlled by external \textit{macroscopic} changes in the order parameter, the origin of abrupt transitions is not yet clear. Here we show that abrupt phase transitions may occur due to a unique internal \textit{microscopic}

T. A. Bolokhov

Using closed positive extensions of the quadratic form in the potential term we provide alternative solutions to the eigenstate equation for the free quantum field Hamiltonian in the Schr\"o\-din\-ger representation. We show that admissible extensions stem from the singular behaviour of the quantum field simultaneously in at least two points, the distance be

Le Liu, Yu Kawano, Ming Cao

In this paper, we examine the role of stochastic quantizers for privacy preservation. We first employ a static stochastic quantizer and investigate its corresponding privacy-preserving properties. Specifically, we demonstrate that a sufficiently large quantization step guarantees $(0, \delta)$ differential privacy. Additionally, the degradation of control pe

Pierpaolo Fontana, Andrea Trombettoni

We investigate the band structure of the three-dimensional Hofstadter model on cubic lattices, with an isotropic magnetic field oriented along the diagonal of the cube with flux $\Phi=2 \pi \cdot m /n$, where $m,n$ are co-prime integers. Using reduced exact diagonalization in momentum space, we show that, at fixed $m$, there exists an integer $n(m)$ associat

Mohit Garg, Suneel Sarswat

Auctions are widely used in exchanges to match buy and sell requests. Once the buyers and sellers place their requests, the exchange determines how these requests are to be matched. The two most popular objectives used while determining the matching are maximizing volume at a uniform price and maximizing volume with dynamic pricing. In this work, we study th

Vipin Vijayan, Braeden Bowen, Scott Grigsby, Timothy Anderson

While most current work in multimodal machine translation (MMT) uses the Multi30k dataset for training and evaluation, we find that the resulting models overfit to the Multi30k dataset to an extreme degree. Consequently, these models perform very badly when evaluated against typical text-only testing sets such as the WMT newstest datasets. In order to perfor

Ruslan Mushkaev, Francesco Petocchi, Viktor Christiansson, Philipp Werner

The multi-tier $GW$+EDMFT scheme is an ab-initio method for calculating the electronic structure of correlated materials. While the approach is free from ad-hoc parameters, it requires a selection of appropriate energy windows for describing low-energy and strongly correlated physics. In this study, we test the consistency of the multi-tier description by co

Yuhe Yang, Ping Wang, Jiali Chen, Delin Zhang

The orbital Hall effect in light materials has attracted considerable attention for developing novel orbitronic devices. Here we investigate the orbital torque efficiency and demonstrate the switching of the perpendicularly magnetized materials through the orbital Hall material (OHM), i.e., Zirconium (Zr). The orbital torque efficiency of approximately 0.78

Julius Weinmiller, Benjamin Kellers, Martin P. Lautenschlaeger, Timo Danner

In transport theory, physical phenomena are well described using the Boltzmann equation, which is efficiently simulated and discretized with the lattice Boltzmann method. The collision step defines the microscopic molecules behavior, and thus the simulated physical phenomena. For complex phenomena, the collision step becomes complex as well. In this paper, w

Antonio Cesar do Prado Rosa Junior, Elias Brito Alves Junior, Wanisson Silva Santana, Clebson Cruz

The recently proposed non-additive stochastic model (NSM) offers a coherent physical interpretation for diffusive phenomena in glass-forming systems. This model presents non-exponential relationships between viscosity, activation energy, and temperature, characterizing the non-Arrhenius behavior observed in supercooled liquids. In this work, we fit the NSM v

Antoine Jego, Titus Lupu, Wei Qian

We show that the occupation measure of planar Brownian motion exhibits a constant height gap of $5/\pi$ across its outer boundary. This property bears similarities with the celebrated results of Schramm--Sheffield [18] and Miller--Sheffield [12] concerning the height gap of the Gaussian free field across SLE$_4$/CLE$_4$ curves. Heuristically, our result can

Roel Brouwer, Marjan van den Akker, Han Hoogeveen

We present a hybrid optimization framework for a class of problems, formalized as a generalization of the Continuous Energy-Con\-strained Scheduling Problem (CECSP), introduced by Nattaf et al. (2014). This class is obtained from challenges concerning demand response in energy networks. Our framework extends a previously developed approach. A set of jobs has

Kazuki Sone, Motohiko Ezawa, Zongping Gong, Taro Sawada

Recent studies on topological materials are expanding into the nonlinear regime, while the central principle, namely the bulk-edge correspondence, is yet to be elucidated in the strongly nonlinear regime. Here, we reveal that nonlinear topological edge modes can exhibit the transition to spatial chaos by increasing nonlinearity, which can be a universal mech

Simone Alberto Peirone, Francesca Pistilli, Antonio Alliegro, Giuseppe Averta

Human comprehension of a video stream is naturally broad: in a few instants, we are able to understand what is happening, the relevance and relationship of objects, and forecast what will follow in the near future, everything all at once. We believe that - to effectively transfer such an holistic perception to intelligent machines - an important role is play

Jisvin Sam, Sasmita Mohakud, Katsunori Wakabayashi, Sudipta Dutta

Within first-principles calculations, we explore superconductivity in Ca-intercalated bilayer silicene compound, Si2CaSi2. This arises from the coupling of interlayer flower-like \Gamma-centered Fermi surface formed by the hybridization of Ca-3d and Si-3pz orbitals with low-energy out-of-plane vibrations enabled by silicene's buckling. The consequent large e

Bohua Zhan, Xiong Xu, Qiang Gao, Zekun Ji

We introduce Mars 2.0 for modeling, analysis, verification and code generation of Cyber-Physical Systems. Mars 2.0 integrates Mars 1.0 with several important extensions and improvements, allowing the design of cyber-physical systems using the combination of AADL and Simulink/Stateflow, which provide a unified graphical framework for modeling the functionalit

Billel Guelmame, Julien Vovelle

We consider the variational wave equation in one-dimensional space with stochastic forcing by an additive noise. Blow-up of local smooth solutions is established, and global existence is proved in the class of weak martingale solutions.

Michael McAuley

For a smooth, stationary Gaussian field $f$ on Euclidean space with fast correlation decay, there is a critical level $\ell_c$ such that the excursion set $\{f\geq\ell\}$ contains a (unique) unbounded component if and only if $\ell<\ell_c$. We prove central limit theorems for the volume, surface area and Euler characteristic of this unbounded component restr

Matteo Acclavio, Roberto Maieli

In the logic programming paradigm, a program is defined by a set of methods, each of which can be executed when specific conditions are met during the current state of an execution. The semantics of these programs can be elegantly represented using sequent calculi, in which each method is linked to an inference rule. In this context, proof search mirrors the

Zhengliang Shi, Shen Gao, Xiuyi Chen, Yue Feng

Tool learning empowers large language models (LLMs) as agents to use external tools and extend their utility. Existing methods employ one single LLM-based agent to iteratively select and execute tools, thereafter incorporating execution results into the next action prediction. Despite their progress, these methods suffer from performance degradation when add

Ming Li, Zhiyong Sun, Siep Weiland

This paper revisits a classical challenge in the design of stabilizing controllers for nonlinear systems with a norm-bounded input constraint. By extending Lin-Sontag's universal formula and introducing a generic (state-dependent) scaling term, a unifying controller design method is proposed. The incorporation of this generic scaling term gives a unified con

Anmol Goel, Nico Daheim, Christian Montag, Iryna Gurevych

Reframing a negative into a positive thought is at the crux of several cognitive approaches to mental health and psychotherapy that could be made more accessible by large language model-based solutions. Such reframing is typically non-trivial and requires multiple rationalization steps to uncover the underlying issue of a negative thought and transform it to

Stefan Hackmann, Haniyeh Mahmoudian, Mark Steadman, Michael Schmidt

The emergence of large language models (LLMs) has revolutionized numerous applications across industries. However, their "black box" nature often hinders the understanding of how they make specific decisions, raising concerns about their transparency, reliability, and ethical use. This study presents a method to improve the explainability of LLMs by varying

Mingyou Wu

The random k-SAT instances undergo a "phase transition" from being generally satisfiable to unsatisfiable as the clause number m passes a critical threshold, $r_k n$. This causes a drastic reduction in the number of satisfying assignments, shifting the problem from being generally solvable on classical computers to typically insolvable. Beyond this threshold

Rafel Jaume, Rodrigo Tenorio, Alicia M. Sintes

Continuous gravitational-wave signals (CWs) are long-lasting quasi-monochromatic gravitational-wave signals expected to be emitted by rapidly-rotating non-axisymmetric neutron stars. Depending on the rotational frequency and sky location of the source, certain CW signals may behave in a similar manner to narrow-band artifacts present in ground-based interfer

Akashdip Karmakar, Ujjal Debnath, Pramit Rej

Polytropic stars are useful tools for learning about stellar structure without the complexity of comprehensive stellar models. These models rely on a certain power-law correlation between the star's pressure and density. This paper proposes a polytropic star model to investigate some new features in the context of $5\mathcal{D}$ Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet (EGB) g

Giovanni Midei, Koichiro Furutani, Luca Salasnich, Andrea Perali

Recent experiments on 2D superconductors allow the characterization of the critical temperature and of the phase diagram across the BCS-BEC crossover as a function of density. We obtain from these experiments the microscopic parameters of the superconducting state at low temperatures by the BCS mean-field approach. For Li$_x$ZrNCl, the extracted parameters a

Adriana Sejfia, Satyaki Das, Saad Shafiq, Nenad Medvidović

Deep learning (DL) has been a common thread across several recent techniques for vulnerability detection. The rise of large, publicly available datasets of vulnerabilities has fueled the learning process underpinning these techniques. While these datasets help the DL-based vulnerability detectors, they also constrain these detectors' predictive abilities. Vu

Ahmad Barhoumi, Pavel Bleher, Alfredo Deaño, Maxim L. Yattselev

We describe the pole-free regions of the one-parameter family of special solutions of P$_\mathrm{II}$, the second Painlev\'e equation, constructed from the Airy functions. This is achieved by exploiting the connection between these solutions and the recurrence coefficients of orthogonal polynomials that appear in the analysis of the ensemble of random matric

Masaki Gen, Yukako Fujishiro, Kazuki Okigami, Satoru Hayami

Zintl phase EuIn$_{2}$As$_{2}$ has garnered growing attention as an axion insulator candidate, triggered by the identification of a commensurate double-${\mathbf Q}$ broken-helix state in previous studies, however, its periodicity and symmetry remain subjects of debate. Here, we perform resonant x-ray scattering experiments on EuIn$_{2}$As$_{2}$, revealing a

Joubine Aghili, Emmanuel Franck, Romain Hild, Victor Michel-Dansac

It is well known that Newton's method can have trouble converging if the initial guess is too far from the solution. Such a problem particularly occurs when this method is used to solve nonlinear elliptic partial differential equations (PDEs) discretized via finite differences. This work focuses on accelerating Newton's method convergence in this context. We

Jacob Beck, Matthew Jackson, Risto Vuorio, Zheng Xiong

A core ambition of reinforcement learning (RL) is the creation of agents capable of rapid learning in novel tasks. Meta-RL aims to achieve this by directly learning such agents. Black box methods do so by training off-the-shelf sequence models end-to-end. By contrast, task inference methods explicitly infer a posterior distribution over the unknown task, typ

Dowon Lee, Taegyu Ha, Donggeon Kim, Keumhyun Kim

Optical scattering force is used to reduce the loading time of single atoms to a cavity mode. Releasing a cold atomic ensemble above the resonator, we apply a push beam along the direction of gravity, offering fast atomic transport with narrow velocity distribution. We also observe in real time that, when the push beam is illuminated against gravity, single