April 2024 arXiv papers — page 178

W. T. Gowers, Ben Green, Freddie Manners, Terence Tao

We prove a Freiman--Ruzsa-type theorem with polynomial bounds in arbitrary abelian groups with bounded torsion, thereby proving (in full generality) a conjecture of Marton. Specifically, let $G$ be an abelian group of torsion $m$ (meaning $mg=0$ for all $g \in G$) and suppose that $A$ is a non-empty subset of $G$ with $|A+A| \leq K|A|$. Then $A$ can be cover

Samuel J. Brensinger, Patrick Vecera

Thomas-Whitehead (TW) gravity is a gauge theory of gravitation based on projective geometry. The theory maintains projective symmetry through the TW connection, an affine connection over the volume bundle of the spacetime manifold. TW gravity obtains dynamics through Lovelock expansions in the action while preserving general relativity as a weak field limit.

Haoyu Chen, Hao Tang, Ehsan Adeli, Guoying Zhao

3D pose transfer that aims to transfer the desired pose to a target mesh is one of the most challenging 3D generation tasks. Previous attempts rely on well-defined parametric human models or skeletal joints as driving pose sources. However, to obtain those clean pose sources, cumbersome but necessary pre-processing pipelines are inevitable, hindering impleme

Enshu Liu, Junyi Zhu, Zinan Lin, Xuefei Ning

Diffusion Models (DM) and Consistency Models (CM) are two types of popular generative models with good generation quality on various tasks. When training DM and CM, intermediate weight checkpoints are not fully utilized and only the last converged checkpoint is used. In this work, we find that high-quality model weights often lie in a basin which cannot be r

Richard Nies, Elizabeth J. Paul, Dario Panici, Stuart R. Hudson

Optimising stellarators for quasisymmetry leads to strongly reduced collisional transport and energetic particle losses compared to unoptimised configurations. Though stellarators with precise quasisymmetry have been obtained in the past, it remains unclear how broad the parameter space is where good quasisymmetry may be achieved. We study the range of aspec

Jiaming Liang, Yongxin Chen

We consider convex optimization with non-smooth objective function and log-concave sampling with non-smooth potential (negative log density). In particular, we study two specific settings where the convex objective/potential function is either H\"older smooth or in hybrid form as the finite sum of H\"older smooth components. To overcome the challenges caused

Kate L. Fenwick, Frédéric Bouchard, Duncan England, Philip J. Bustard

The quantum walk (QW) has proven to be a valuable testbed for fundamental inquiries in quantum technology applications such as quantum simulation and quantum search algorithms. Many benefits have been found by exploring implementations of QWs in various physical systems, including photonic platforms. Here, we propose a novel platform to perform quantum walks

Mandeep Saini, Youssef Saade, Daniel Fuster, Detlef Lohse

Three-dimensional direct numerical simulations (DNS) are used to revisit the experiments on multibubble cavitation performed by Bremond et al. (https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2396922, Phys. Fluids 18, 121505 (2006), https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.224501, Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, 224501 (2006)). In particular, we aim at understanding the asymmetry observed the

Gabriel Coutinho, Krystal Guo

Quantum walks on graphs are fundamental to quantum computing and have led to many interesting open problems in algebraic graph theory. This review article highlights three key classes of open problems in this domain; perfect state transfer, instantaneous uniform mixing, and average mixing matrices. In highlighting these open problems, our aim is to stimulate

Jonathan C. Balloch, Rishav Bhagat, Geigh Zollicoffer, Ruoran Jia

In deep reinforcement learning (RL) research, there has been a concerted effort to design more efficient and productive exploration methods while solving sparse-reward problems. These exploration methods often share common principles (e.g., improving diversity) and implementation details (e.g., intrinsic reward). Prior work found that non-stationary Markov d

Francisco Haces-Garcia, Vasileios Kotzamanis, Craig Glennie, Hanadi Rifai

Friction is one of the cruxes of hydrodynamic modeling; flood conditions are highly sensitive to the Friction Factors (FFs) used to calculate momentum losses. However, empirical FFs are challenging to measure because they require laboratory experiments. Flood models often rely on surrogate observations (such as land use) to estimate FFs, introducing uncertai

Matthew Kowal, Richard P. Wildes, Konstantinos G. Derpanis

Understanding what deep network models capture in their learned representations is a fundamental challenge in computer vision. We present a new methodology to understanding such vision models, the Visual Concept Connectome (VCC), which discovers human interpretable concepts and their interlayer connections in a fully unsupervised manner. Our approach simulta

Aliaume Lopez

This paper studies which functions computed by $\mathbb{Z}$-weighted automata can be realized by $\mathbb{N}$-weighted automata, under two extra assumptions: commutativity (the order of letters in the input does not matter) and polynomial growth (the output of the function is bounded by a polynomial in the size of the input). We leverage this effective chara

Ji Seop Oh, Ananya Biswas, Mason Klemm, Hengxin Tan

The discovery of the charge density wave order (CDW) within a magnetically ordered phase in the kagome lattice FeGe has provided a promising platform to investigate intertwined degrees of freedom in kagome lattices. Recently, a method based on post-annealing has been suggested to manipulate the CDW order in kagome FeGe towards either long-range or suppressed

Ian McCormack, Tomas Dougan, Sam Estep, Hanan Hibshi

The Rust programming language restricts aliasing to provide static safety guarantees. However, in certain situations, developers need to bypass these guarantees by using a set of unsafe features. If they are used incorrectly, these features can reintroduce the types of safety issues that Rust was designed to prevent. We seek to understand how current develop

Carlos Cabrelli, Ursula Molter, Felipe Negreira

This paper explores woven frames in separable Hilbert spaces with an initial focus on the finite-dimensional case. We begin by simplifying the problem to bases, for which we obtain a unique characterization. We establish a condition that is both necessary and sufficient for vector reconstruction, which applies to Fourier matrices. Furthermore, we show that t

Jonas Esser, Mateus Maia, Andrew C. Parnell, Judith Bosmans

In recent years, theoretical results and simulation evidence have shown Bayesian additive regression trees to be a highly-effective method for nonparametric regression. Motivated by cost-effectiveness analyses in health economics, where interest lies in jointly modelling the costs of healthcare treatments and the associated health-related quality of life exp

Haichao Zhang, Yi Xu, Hongsheng Lu, Takayuki Shimizu

Trajectory prediction is fundamental in computer vision and autonomous driving, particularly for understanding pedestrian behavior and enabling proactive decision-making. Existing approaches in this field often assume precise and complete observational data, neglecting the challenges associated with out-of-view objects and the noise inherent in sensor data d

Hannes Malcha

We study three approaches to electric-magnetic duality in the 4-dimensional Maxwell theory coupled to a dyonic point charge and in the 5-dimensional Maxwell-Chern-Simons (MCS) theory coupled to an electric point charge and a magnetic string charge. The three approaches have been developed by Dirac, Bunster and Henneaux, and Pasti, Sorokin and Tonin (PST). In

Di Qiu, Yinda Zhang, Thabo Beeler, Vladimir Tankovich

We propose CHOSEN, a simple yet flexible, robust and effective multi-view depth refinement framework. It can be employed in any existing multi-view stereo pipeline, with straightforward generalization capability for different multi-view capture systems such as camera relative positioning and lenses. Given an initial depth estimation, CHOSEN iteratively re-sa

Kritsada Sangkhanan

Let $V$ be a vector space and $U$ a fixed subspace of $V$. We denote the semigroup of all linear transformations on $V$ under composition of functions by $L(V)$. In this paper, we study the semigroup of all linear transformations on $V$ whose restrictions belong to the general linear group $GL(U)$, denoted by $L_{GL(U)}(V)$. More precisely, we consider the s

Maria Loseva, Alexandr Prishlyak, Kateryna Semenovych, Dariia Synieok

We describe all possible topological structures of Morse flows and typical gradient saddle-nod bifurcation of flows on the 2-dimensional torus with a hole in the case that the number of singular point of flows is at most six. To describe structures, we use separatrix diagrams of flows. The saddle-node bifurcation is specified by selecting a separatrix in the

S. de Regt, C. Ginski, M. A. Kenworthy, C. Caceres

The observed diversity of exoplanets can possibly be traced back to the planet formation processes. Planet-disk interactions induce sub-structures in the circumstellar disk that can be revealed via scattered light observations. However, a high-contrast imaging technique such as polarimetric differential imaging (PDI) must first be applied to suppress the ste

Shanmuga Venkatachalam, Harideep Nair, Prabhu Vellaisamy, Yongqi Zhou

Each person has a unique gait, i.e., walking style, that can be used as a biometric for personal identification. Recent works have demonstrated effective gait recognition using deep neural networks, however most of these works predominantly focus on classification accuracy rather than model efficiency. In order to perform gait recognition using wearable devi

Damian R Sowinski, Adam Frank, Gourab Ghoshal

Semantic Information Theory (SIT) offers a new approach to evaluating the information architecture of complex systems. In this study we describe the steps required to {\it operationalize} SIT via its application to dynamical problems. Our road map has four steps: (1) separating the dynamical system into agent-environment sub-systems; (2) choosing an appropri

Jonathan Luk, Sung-Jin Oh

We introduce a general method for understanding the late time tail for solutions to wave equations on asymptotically flat spacetimes with odd space dimensions. In particular, for a large class of equations, we prove that the precise late time tail is determined by the limits of higher radiation field at future null infinity. In the setting of stationary line

Muhammad Zafur, Hiroyuki Yamase

Magnetic and bond-charge interactions can arise from the same microscopic interaction. Motivated by this observation, we compute magnetic and bond-charge excitation spectra on an equal footing by introducing a simple effective model on a square lattice, which describes antiferromagnetic and d-wave superconducting phases around half-filling on the electron-do

George Bisbas, Anton Lydike, Emilien Bauer, Nick Brown

Domain Specific Languages (DSLs) increase programmer productivity and provide high performance. Their targeted abstractions allow scientists to express problems at a high level, providing rich details that optimizing compilers can exploit to target current- and next-generation supercomputers. The convenience and performance of DSLs come with significant deve

José López-Molina, Arturo Moncho-Jordá, María Tirado-Miranda

Single-detector 3D dynamic light scattering (3D-DLS) emerges as a reliable technique to determine the drift velocity of out-of-equilibrium colloidal particles. In particular, our investigation reveals the appearance of oscillations of a well-defined frequency in the autocorrelation function of the scattered intensity when particles are immersed in a medium e

Colin Benjamin, Rajdeep Tah

What happens when an infinite number of players play a quantum game? In this tutorial, we will answer this question by looking at the emergence of cooperation, in the presence of noise, in a one-shot quantum Prisoner's dilemma (QuPD). We will use the numerical Agent-based model (ABM), and compare it with the analytical Nash equilibrium mapping (NEM) techniqu

Aidan Backus

Motivated by Thurston and Daskalopoulos--Uhlenbeck's approach to Teichm\"uller theory, we study the behavior of $q$-harmonic functions and their $p$-harmonic conjugates in the limit as $q \to 1$, where $1/p + 1/q = 1$. The $1$-Laplacian is already known to give rise to laminations by minimal hypersurfaces; we show that the limiting $p$-harmonic conjugates co

Chao Li, Michael Rapoport, Wei Zhang

In the first part of the paper, we formulate several arithmetic transfer conjectures, which are variants of the arithmetic fundamental lemma conjecture in the presence of ramification. The ramification comes from the choice of non-hyperspecial parahoric level structure. We prove a graph version of these arithmetic transfer conjectures, by relating it to the

Ruiwei Xiao, Xinying Hou, John Stamper

Recent studies have integrated large language models (LLMs) into diverse educational contexts, including providing adaptive programming hints, a type of feedback focuses on helping students move forward during problem-solving. However, most existing LLM-based hint systems are limited to one single hint type. To investigate whether and how different levels of

Marie-Joëlle Gingras, Alison L. Coil, B. R. McNamara, Serena Perrotta

[OII] emission maps obtained with the Keck Cosmic Web Imager (KCWI) are presented for four galaxies centered in cooling X-ray cluster atmospheres. Nebular emission extending tens of kpc is found in systems covering a broad range of atmospheric cooling rates, cluster masses, and dynamical states. Abell 262's central galaxy hosts a kpc-scale disk. The nebular

K. E. Heintz, G. B. Brammer, D. Watson, P. A. Oesch

One of the surprising early findings with JWST has been the discovery of a strong "roll-over" or a softening of the absorption edge of Ly$\alpha$ in a large number of galaxies at ($z\gtrsim 6$), in addition to systematic offsets from photometric redshift estimates and fundamental galaxy scaling relations. This has been interpreted as damped Ly$\alpha$ absorp

Amanda M. Farah, Thomas A. Callister, Jose María Ezquiaga, Michael Zevin

Gravitational waves (GWs) from merging compact objects encode direct information about the luminosity distance to the binary. When paired with a redshift measurement, this enables standard-siren cosmology: a Hubble diagram can be constructed to directly probe the Universe's expansion. This can be done in the absence of electromagnetic measurements as feature

Fernando Oliveira

We show that for the standard map family, for all values of the parameter, except one, the mapping has positive topological entropy. The main tool is the following result. Let $S$ be a compact connected orientable surface and $f:S \rightarrow S$ an area preserving orientation preserving $C \e 1$ diffeomorphism of $S$. Assume that $U$ is an invariant domain o

Sérgio V. M. C. B. Xavier, Carlos A. R. Herdeiro, Luís C. B. Crispino

Ultracompact objects (UCOs) are horizonless compact objects that present light rings (LRs) - circular photon orbits. As a result, they could be black hole mimickers. Some years ago, Cunha et al. established a theorem stating that, under general assumptions, UCOs formed from smooth, quasi-Minkowski initial data, must have at least a pair of LRs, one of which

Björn Garbrecht, Edward Wang

We investigate the potential of a minimal Scotogenic model with two additional scalar doublets and a single heavy Majorana fermion to explain neutrino masses, dark matter, and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. In this minimal setup, Leptogenesis is purely flavored, and a second Majorana neutrino is not necessary because the Yukawa couplings of the extra

Aritra Banerjee, Rudranil Basu, Arpan Bhattacharyya, Nilachal Chakrabarti

Starting from the computation of Symmetry Resolved Entanglement Entropy (SREE) for boosted intervals in a two dimensional Conformal Field Theory, we compute the same in various non-Lorentzian limits, viz, Galilean and Carrollian Conformal Field Theory in same number of dimensions. We approach the problem both from a limiting perspective and by using intrinsi

Vahid Ghafouri, Jose Such, Guillermo Suarez-Tangil

The online trend of the manosphere and feminist discourse on social networks requires a holistic measure of the level of sexism in an online community. This indicator is important for policymakers and moderators of online communities (e.g., subreddits) and computational social scientists, either to revise moderation strategies based on the degree of sexism o

Sherin Muckatira, Vijeta Deshpande, Vladislav Lialin, Anna Rumshisky

Large language models can solve new tasks without task-specific fine-tuning. This ability, also known as in-context learning (ICL), is considered an emergent ability and is primarily seen in large language models with billions of parameters. This study investigates if such emergent properties are strictly tied to model size or can be demonstrated by smaller

Wilfred Salmon, Sergii Strelchuk, David Arvidsson-Shukur

The James-Stein estimator is a biased estimator -- for a finite number of samples its expected value is not the true mean. The maximum-likelihood estimator (MLE), is unbiased and asymptotically optimal. Yet, when estimating the mean of $3$ or more normally-distributed random variables, the James-Stein estimator has a smaller total (expected) error than the M

Jack Franklin, Ivan Martinez-Soler, Yuber F. Perez-Gonzalez, Jessica Turner

We use recent evidence of TeV neutrino events from the most significant astrophysical sources detected by IceCube -- NGC 1068, TXS 0506+056, PKS 1424+240 -- to constrain the local and global overdensity of relic neutrinos and to explore potential new neutrino self-interactions. Assuming a relic neutrino overdensity, such high-energy neutrinos have travelled

Maya Steen, J. J. Hermes, Joseph A. Guidry, Annabelle Paiva

White dwarf stars are ubiquitous in the Galaxy, and are essential to understanding stellar evolution. While most white dwarfs are photometrically stable and reliable flux standards, some can be highly variable, which can reveal unique details about the endpoints of low-mass stellar evolution. In this study we characterize a sample of high-confidence white dw

Hiroyuki Yamase, Matias Bejas, Andres Greco

Charge excitation spectra are getting clear in cuprate superconductors in momentum-energy space especially around a small momentum region, where plasmon excitations become dominant. Here, we study whether Landau quasiparticles survive in the presence of charge fluctuations observed in experiments. We employ the layered t-J model with the long-range Coulomb i

Patrycja Łydżba, Rafał Świętek, Marcin Mierzejewski, Marcos Rigol

Eigenstate thermalization has been numerically shown to occur for few-body observables in a wide range of nonintegrable models. For intensive sums of few-body observables, a weaker version of eigenstate thermalization known as weak eigenstate thermalization has been proved to occur in general. Here, we unveil a stricter weak eigenstate thermalization phenome

Giacomo Cacciapaglia, Aldo Deandrea, Manuel Kunkel, Werner Porod

Strong dynamics for composite Higgs models predict spin-1 resonances which are expected to be in the same mass range as the usually considered top-partners. We study here QCD-coloured vector and axial-vector states stemming from composite Higgs dynamics in several relevant models based on an underlying gauge-fermion description. These states can come as trip

Adrien Fiorucci, Javier Matulich, Romain Ruzziconi

We propose a consistent set of boundary conditions for gravity in asymptotically flat spacetime at spacelike infinity, which yields an enhancement of the Bondi-Metzner Sachs group with smooth superrotations and new subleading symmetries. These boundary conditions are obtained by allowing fluctuations of the boundary structure which are responsible for diverg

Subhankar Khatua, Griffin C. Howson, Michel J. P. Gingras, Jeffrey G. Rau

Compass models provide insights into the properties of Mott-insulating materials that host bond-dependent anisotropic interactions between their pseudospin degrees of freedom. In this article, we explore the classical and quantum ground state properties of one such model relevant to certain layered perovskite materials akin to Ba$_2$IrO$_4$ - namely, the Hei

João S. Santos, Vitor Cardoso, José Natário

We study radiation from charged particles in circular motion around a Schwarzschild black hole immersed in an asymptotically uniform magnetic field. In curved space, the radiation reaction force is described by the DeWitt-Brehme equation, which includes a complicated, non-local tail term. We show that, contrary to some claims in the literature, this term can

Sandro Tacchella, William McClymont, Jan Scholtz, Roberto Maiolino

Understanding the sources that power nebular emission in high-redshift galaxies is fundamentally important not only for shedding light onto the drivers of reionisation, but to constrain stellar populations and the growth of black holes. Here we focus on an individual object, GS9422, a galaxy at $z_{\rm spec}=5.943$ with exquisite data from the JADES, JEMS an

Sean M. Ressler, Luciano Combi, Xinyu Li, Bart Ripperda

Perturber objects interacting with supermassive black hole accretion disks are often invoked to explain observed quasi-periodic behavior in active galactic nuclei (AGN). We present global, 3D general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations of black holes on inclined orbits colliding with magnetically arrested thick AGN disks using a binary black

Ming Xie, Sankar Das Sarma

We critically analyze the recently reported observation of integer (IQAHE) and fractional (FQAHE) quantum anomalous Hall effects at zero applied magnetic field in pentalayer graphene. Our quantitative activation and variable range hopping transport analysis of the experimental data reveals that the observed IQAHE and FQAHE at different fillings all have simi

Paul-Konstantin Oehlmann, Fabian Ruehle, Benjamin Sung

We study the duality between the Spin$(32)/\mathbb{Z}_2$ heterotic string without vector structure and F-theory with frozen singularities. We give a complete description in theories with $6$d $\mathcal{N}=(1,0)$ supersymmetry and identify the duals of Spin$(32)/\mathbb{Z}_2$-instantons on ADE singularities without vector structure in the frozen phase of F-th

Andy Park, Sukhdeep Singh, Xiangchong Li, Rachel Mandelbaum

Recent cosmic shear analyses have exhibited discrepancies of up to $1\sigma$ between the inferred cosmological parameters when analyzing summary statistics in real space versus harmonic space. In this paper, we demonstrate the consistent measurement and analysis of cosmic shear two-point functions in harmonic and real space using the $i${\sc Master} algorith

Seungjun Lee, Yuyang Zhao, Gim Hee Lee

In this paper, we investigate Open-Vocabulary 3D Instance Segmentation (OV-3DIS) with free-form language instructions. Earlier works that rely on only annotated base categories for training suffer from limited generalization to unseen novel categories. Recent works mitigate poor generalizability to novel categories by generating class-agnostic masks or proje

Jeffrey Galkowski, Shihua Gong, Ivan G. Graham, David Lafontaine

We study overlapping Schwarz methods for the Helmholtz equation posed in any dimension with large, real wavenumber and smooth variable wave speed. The radiation condition is approximated by a Cartesian perfectly-matched layer (PML). The domain-decomposition subdomains are overlapping hyperrectangles with Cartesian PMLs at their boundaries. The overlaps of th

Joshua Ahn, Haochen Wang, Raymond A. Yeh, Greg Shakhnarovich

Scale-ambiguity in 3D scene dimensions leads to magnitude-ambiguity of volumetric densities in neural radiance fields, i.e., the densities double when scene size is halved, and vice versa. We call this property alpha invariance. For NeRFs to better maintain alpha invariance, we recommend 1) parameterizing both distance and volume densities in log space, and

Akshay Dudhane, Omkar Thawakar, Syed Waqas Zamir, Salman Khan

All-in-one image restoration tackles different types of degradations with a unified model instead of having task-specific, non-generic models for each degradation. The requirement to tackle multiple degradations using the same model can lead to high-complexity designs with fixed configuration that lack the adaptability to more efficient alternatives. We prop

B. Ansarinejad, S. Raghunathan, T. M. C. Abbott, P. A. R. Ade

We measure the stacked lensing signal in the direction of galaxy clusters in the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 (DES Y3) redMaPPer sample, using cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature data from SPT-3G, the third-generation CMB camera on the South Pole Telescope (SPT). We estimate the lensing signal using temperature maps constructed from the initial 2 year

Chong Bao, Yinda Zhang, Yuan Li, Xiyu Zhang

Recently, we have witnessed the explosive growth of various volumetric representations in modeling animatable head avatars. However, due to the diversity of frameworks, there is no practical method to support high-level applications like 3D head avatar editing across different representations. In this paper, we propose a generic avatar editing approach that

Maksym Andriushchenko, Francesco Croce, Nicolas Flammarion

We show that even the most recent safety-aligned LLMs are not robust to simple adaptive jailbreaking attacks. First, we demonstrate how to successfully leverage access to logprobs for jailbreaking: we initially design an adversarial prompt template (sometimes adapted to the target LLM), and then we apply random search on a suffix to maximize a target logprob

Pouria Rad, Gokila Dorai, Mohsen Jozani

The increasing integration of capacitive fingerprint recognition sensors in IoT devices presents new challenges in digital forensics, particularly in the context of advanced fingerprint spoofing. Previous research has highlighted the effectiveness of materials such as latex and silicone in deceiving biometric systems. In this study, we introduce Alginate, a

Avik Banerjee, Ayan Mukhopadhyay, Giuseppe Policastro

We demonstrate that the solutions of three-dimensional gravity obtained by gluing two copies of a spacetime across a junction constituted of a tensile string are in one-to-one correspondence with the solutions of the Nambu-Goto equation in the same spacetime up to a finite number of rigid deformations related to worldsheet and spacetime isometries. The non-l

Zeyu Yang, Zijie Pan, Chun Gu, Li Zhang

Recent advancements in 3D generation are predominantly propelled by improvements in 3D-aware image diffusion models. These models are pretrained on Internet-scale image data and fine-tuned on massive 3D data, offering the capability of producing highly consistent multi-view images. However, due to the scarcity of synchronized multi-view video data, it remain

Luca Ciambelli, Sabrina Pasterski, Elisa Tabor

We show how to encode the radiative degrees of freedom in $4$-dimensional asymptotically AdS spacetimes, using the boundary Cotton and stress tensors. Background radiation leads to a reduction of the asymptotic symmetry group, in contrast to asymptotically flat spacetimes, where a non-vanishing news tensor does not restrict the asymptotic symmetries. Null ga

Chenhao Zheng, Jieyu Zhang, Aniruddha Kembhavi, Ranjay Krishna

A fundamental characteristic common to both human vision and natural language is their compositional nature. Yet, despite the performance gains contributed by large vision and language pretraining, recent investigations find that most-if not all-our state-of-the-art vision-language models struggle at compositionality. They are unable to distinguish between i

María Teresa Valdivia-Mena, Jaime E. Pineda, Paola Caselli, Dominique M. Segura-Cox

The detection of narrow channels of accretion toward protostellar disks, known as streamers, have increased in number in the last few years. However, it is unclear if streamers are a common feature around protostars that were previously missed, or if they are a rare phenomenon. Our goals are to obtain the incidence of streamers toward a region of clustered s

Jihye Baek, Ahmed El Kaffas, Aya Kamaya, Kenneth Hoyt

Objectives- Several ultrasound measures have shown promise for assessment of steatosis compared to traditional B-scan, however clinicians may be required to integrate information across the parameters. Here, we propose an integrated multiparametric approach, enabling simple clinical assessment of key information from combined ultrasound parameters. Methods-

Clayton Thomas

We study the structure of the set of priority-neutral matchings. These matchings, introduced by Reny (AER, 2022), generalize stable matchings by allowing for priority violations in a principled way that enables Pareto-improvements to stable matchings. Known results show that the set of priority-neutral matchings is a lattice, suggesting that these matchings

Natalia Oliveros-Gomez, Elena Manjavacas, Daniella C. Bardalez Gagliuffi, Theodora Karalidi

Most brown dwarfs show some level of photometric or spectral variability. However, finding the most variable dwarfs more suited for a thorough variability monitoring campaign remained a challenge until a few years ago with the design of spectral indices to find the most likely L and T dwarfs using their near-infrared single-epoch spectrum. In this work, we d

J. D. R. Pierel, A. B. Newman, S. Dhawan, M. Gu

A bright ($m_{\rm F150W,AB}$=24 mag), $z=1.95$ supernova (SN) candidate was discovered in JWST/NIRCam imaging acquired on 2023 November 17. The SN is quintuply-imaged as a result of strong gravitational lensing by a foreground galaxy cluster, detected in three locations, and remarkably is the second lensed SN found in the same host galaxy. The previous lense

Alexander Nemecek, Yuzhou Jiang, Erman Ayday

The indistinguishability of large language model (LLM) output from human-authored content poses significant challenges, raising concerns about potential misuse of AI-generated text and its influence on future model training. Watermarking algorithms offer a viable solution by embedding detectable signatures into generated text. However, existing watermarking

Ilya Karavaev, Ravshanjon Nazarov, Yicheng Li, Andrey A. Bogdanov

Periodic optical structures, such as diffraction grating and numerous photonic crystals, are one of the staples of modern nanophotonics for the manipulation of electromagnetic radiation. The array of subwavelength dielectric rods is one of the simplest platforms, which, despite its simplicity exhibits extraordinary wave phenomena, such as diffraction anomali

Max Kölbl

In [7], Higashitani, Kummer, and Micha{\l}ek pose a conjecture about the symmetric edge polytopes of complete multipartite graphs and confirm it for a number of families in the bipartite case. We confirm that conjecture for a number of new classes following the authors' methods and we present a more general result which suggests that the methods in their cur

Ryan Donghan Kwon, Gangjoo Robin Nam, Jisoo Tak, Junseob Shin

In this study, we present an advanced convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture for ship classification based on optical satellite imagery, which significantly enhances performance through the integration of a convolutional block attention module (CBAM) and additional architectural innovations. Building upon the foundational ResNet50 model, we first in

Thiago Carvalho Corso, Gaspard Kemlin, Christof Melcher, Benjamin Stamm

This paper deals with the numerical simulation of the Gross-Pitaevskii (GP) equation, for which a well-known feature is the appearance of quantized vortices with core size of the order of a small parameter $\varepsilon$. Without a magnetic field and with suitable initial conditions, these vortices interact, in the singular limit $\varepsilon\to0$, through an

Jieneng Chen, Qihang Yu, Xiaohui Shen, Alan Yuille

Recent breakthroughs in vision-language models (VLMs) start a new page in the vision community. The VLMs provide stronger and more generalizable feature embeddings compared to those from ImageNet-pretrained models, thanks to the training on the large-scale Internet image-text pairs. However, despite the amazing achievement from the VLMs, vanilla Vision Trans

Virginia Oddi, Chenglian Zhu, Michael A. Becker, Yesim Sahin

Lead halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs), the latest generation of colloidal QD family, exhibit outstanding optical properties which are now exploited as both classical and quantum light sources. Most of their rather exceptional properties are related to the peculiar exciton fine-structure of band-edge states which can support unique bright triplet excitons

David L. Wiltshire

I propose an observationally and theoretically consistent resolution of the cosmological constant problem: $\Lambda$ is a counterterm -- with a running coupling -- that balances the monopole celestial sky average of the kinetic energy of expansion of inhomogeneously distributed `small' cosmic voids. No other dark energy source is required. This solution reli

C. Dalfó, M. A. Fiol, S. Pavlíková, J. Sirán

In this note, we introduce the concept of factored lift, associated with a combined voltage graph, as a generalization of the lift graph. We present a new method for computing the eigenvalues and eigenspaces of factored lifts.

Joel Niklaus, Lucia Zheng, Arya D. McCarthy, Christopher Hahn

Instruction tuning is an important step in making language models useful for direct user interaction. However, the legal domain is underrepresented in typical instruction datasets (e.g., only 10 out of 1600+ tasks in Super-NaturalInstructions). To study whether instruction tuning on legal datasets is necessary for strong legal reasoning, we aggregate 58 anno

Zoher Kachwala, Jisun An, Haewoon Kwak, Filippo Menczer

Knowledge graphs play a pivotal role in various applications, such as question-answering and fact-checking. Abstract Meaning Representation (AMR) represents text as knowledge graphs. Evaluating the quality of these graphs involves matching them structurally to each other and semantically to the source text. Existing AMR metrics are inefficient and struggle t

Yunzhi Zhang, Zizhang Li, Amit Raj, Andreas Engelhardt

We propose 3D Congealing, a novel problem of 3D-aware alignment for 2D images capturing semantically similar objects. Given a collection of unlabeled Internet images, our goal is to associate the shared semantic parts from the inputs and aggregate the knowledge from 2D images to a shared 3D canonical space. We introduce a general framework that tackles the t

Wanyong Feng, Jaewook Lee, Hunter McNichols, Alexander Scarlatos

Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) are ubiquitous in almost all levels of education since they are easy to administer, grade, and are a reliable format in assessments and practices. One of the most important aspects of MCQs is the distractors, i.e., incorrect options that are designed to target common errors or misconceptions among real students. To date, the

ATLAS Collaboration

A search is presented for flavour-changing neutral-current interactions involving the top quark, the Higgs boson and an up-type quark ($q=u,c$) with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis considers leptonic decays of the top quark along with Higgs boson decays into two $W$ bosons, two $Z$ bosons or a $\tau^{+}\tau^{-}$ pair. It focuses

C. Dalfó, M. A. Fiol, S. Pavlíková, J. Širáň

This paper describes a general method for representing $k$-token graphs of Cayley graphs as lifts of voltage graphs. This allows us to construct line graphs of circulant graphs and Johnson graphs as lift graphs on cyclic groups. As an application of the method, we derive the spectra of the considered token graphs. This method can also be applied to dealing w

Xavier Lamy, Andrew Lorent, Guanying Peng

We study differential inclusions $Du\in \Pi$ in an open set $\Omega\subset\mathbb R^2$, where $\Pi\subset \mathbb R^{2\times 2}$ is a compact connected $C^2$ curve without rank-one connections, but non-elliptic: tangent lines to $\Pi$ may have rank-one connections, so that classical regularity and rigidity results do not apply. For a wide class of such curve

Cheng-Han Yang, Peter F. Thall, Ruitao Lin

Phase 1-2 designs provide a methodological advance over phase 1 designs for dose finding by using both clinical response and toxicity. A phase 1-2 trial still may fail to select a truly optimal dose. because early response is not a perfect surrogate for long term therapeutic success. To address this problem, a generalized phase 1-2 design first uses a phase

Ngo-Duy Tung, Le Ngoc Tram, Archana Soam, William T. Reach

We study the kinematics of a pillar, namely G287.76-0.87, using three rotational lines of $^{12}$CO(5-4), $^{12}$CO(8-7), $^{12}$CO(11-10), and a fine structure line of [OI] $63\,\mu$m Southern Carina observed by SOFIA/GREAT. This pillar is irradiated by the associated massive star cluster Trumpler 16, which includes $\eta$~Carina. Our analysis shows that th

Sachiraj Mishra, Colin Benjamin

Quantum heat engines and quantum refrigerators are proposed in three-terminal quantum Hall (QH) and quantum spin Hall (QSH) setups with a voltage-temperature probe in both the linear and nonlinear transport regimes. In the linear response regime, we find that efficiency at maximum power approaches the Van den Broeck limit in both QH and QSH setups. Similarly

Keon-Hee Park, Kyungwoo Song, Gyeong-Moon Park

Few-Shot Class Incremental Learning (FSCIL) is a task that requires a model to learn new classes incrementally without forgetting when only a few samples for each class are given. FSCIL encounters two significant challenges: catastrophic forgetting and overfitting, and these challenges have driven prior studies to primarily rely on shallow models, such as Re

Suman Adhya, Debarshi Kumar Sanyal

Topic modeling is a widely used approach for analyzing and exploring large document collections. Recent research efforts have incorporated pre-trained contextualized language models, such as BERT embeddings, into topic modeling. However, they often neglect the intrinsic informational value conveyed by mutual dependencies between words. In this study, we intr

Dubi Kelmer

We give an optimal bound for the remainder when counting the number of rational points on the $n$-dimensional sphere with bounded denominator for any $n\geq 2$.

Golnaz Mesbahi, Parham Mohammad Panahi, Olya Mastikhina, Steven Tang

In continual RL we want agents capable of never-ending learning, and yet our evaluation methodologies do not reflect this. The standard practice in RL is to assume unfettered access to the deployment environment for the full lifetime of the agent. For example, agent designers select the best performing hyperparameters in Atari by testing each for 200 million

Olawale Salaudeen, Moritz Hardt

We introduce ImageNot, a dataset constructed explicitly to be drastically different than ImageNet while matching its scale. ImageNot is designed to test the external validity of deep learning progress on ImageNet. We show that key model architectures developed for ImageNet over the years rank identically to how they rank on ImageNet when trained from scratch

Maico H. W. Engelaar, Zengjie Zhang, Eleftherios E. Vlahakis, Dimos V. Dimarogonas

This paper addresses the control synthesis of heterogeneous stochastic linear multi-agent systems with real-time allocation of signal temporal logic (STL) specifications. Based on previous work, we decompose specifications into sub-specifications on the individual agent level. To leverage the efficiency of task allocation, a heuristic filter evaluates potent

William Giarè, Yuejia Zhai, Supriya Pan, Eleonora Di Valentino

We present a comprehensive reassessment of the state of Interacting Dark Energy (IDE) cosmology, namely models featuring a non-gravitational interaction between Dark Matter (DM) and Dark Energy (DE). To achieve high generality, we extend the dark sector physics by considering two different scenarios: a non-dynamical DE equation of state $w_0\neq-1$, and a dy

Carl Colglazier, Nathan TeBlunthuis, Aaron Shaw

Online communities often overlap and coexist, despite incongruent norms and approaches to content moderation. When communities diverge, decentralized and federated communities may pursue group-level sanctions, including defederation (disconnection) to block communication between members of specific communities. We investigate the effects of defederation in t