April 2024 arXiv papers — page 83

Aristeidis Tsaris, Chengming Zhang, Xiao Wang, Junqi Yin

Vision Transformers (ViTs) are pivotal for foundational models in scientific imagery, including Earth science applications, due to their capability to process large sequence lengths. While transformers for text has inspired scaling sequence lengths in ViTs, yet adapting these for ViTs introduces unique challenges. We develop distributed sequence parallelism

Jordan Milbrath, Jonathan Rivard, Jeremy Straub

A variety of forms of artificial intelligence systems have been developed. Two well-known techniques are neural networks and rule-fact expert systems. The former can be trained from presented data while the latter is typically developed by human domain experts. A combined implementation that uses gradient descent to train a rule-fact expert system has been p

Shikha Soneji, Mitchell Hoesing, Sujay Koujalgi, Jonathan Dodge

The complexities of legalese in terms and policy documents can bind individuals to contracts they do not fully comprehend, potentially leading to uninformed data sharing. Our work seeks to alleviate this issue by developing language models that provide automated, accessible summaries and scores for such documents, aiming to enhance user understanding and fac

Saleh Darzi, Bahareh Akhbari, Hassan Khodaiemehr

Advancements in communication and information tech birthed the Smart Grid, optimizing energy and data transmission. Yet, user privacy is at risk due to frequent data collection. Existing privacy schemes face vulnerability with quantum machines. To tackle this, the LPM2DA scheme is introduced, utilizing lattice-based encryption and signatures for secure data

Yan Li, Yong-Fang Kuo, Liang Li

Estimating the causal treatment effects by subgroups is important in observational studies when the treatment effect heterogeneity may be present. Existing propensity score methods rely on a correctly specified propensity score model. Model misspecification results in biased treatment effect estimation and covariate imbalance. We proposed a new algorithm, th

Rui Fang

Penalty methods relax the incompressibility condition and uncouple velocity and pressure. Experience with them indicates that the velocity error is sensitive to the choice of penalty parameter $\epsilon$. So far, there is no effective \'a prior formula for $\epsilon$. Recently, Xie developed an adaptive penalty scheme for the Stokes problem that picks the pe

Nicholas Wawrykow

How hard is it to program $n$ robots to move about a long narrow aisle such that only $w$ of them can fit across the width of the aisle? In this paper, we answer that question by calculating the topological complexity of $\text{conf}(n,w)$, the ordered configuration space of open unit-diameter disks in the infinite strip of width $w$. By studying its cohomol

Kaniba Mady Keita

Gaussian process regression, kernel support vector regression, the random forest, extreme gradient boosting, and the generalized linear model algorithms are applied to data of complete intersection Calabi?Yau threefolds. It is shown that Gaussian process regression is the most suitable for learning the Hodge number h^(2,1)in terms of h^(1,1). The performance

Andrei A. Bulatov, Stanislav Živný

The Mermin-Peres magic square is a celebrated example of a system of Boolean linear equations that is not (classically) satisfiable but is satisfiable via linear operators on a Hilbert space of dimension four. A natural question is then, for what kind of problems such a phenomenon occurs? Atserias, Kolaitis, and Severini answered this question for all Boolea

Nizar Demni, Tarek Hamdi

We compute the large size limit of the moment formula derived in \cite{DHS} for the Hermitian Jacobi process at fixed time. Our computations rely on the polynomial division algorithm which allows to obtain cancellations similar to those obtained in Lemma 3 in \cite{Bia}. In particular, we identify the terms contributing to the limit and show they satisfy a d

Alexander Davydov, Francesco Bullo

Contraction theory is a mathematical framework for studying the convergence, robustness, and modularity properties of dynamical systems and algorithms. In this opinion paper, we provide five main opinions on the virtues of contraction theory. These opinions are (i) contraction theory is a unifying framework emerging from classical and modern works, (ii) cont

Aristeidis Tsaris, Philipe Ambrozio Dias, Abhishek Potnis, Junqi Yin

As AI workloads increase in scope, generalization capability becomes challenging for small task-specific models and their demand for large amounts of labeled training samples increases. On the contrary, Foundation Models (FMs) are trained with internet-scale unlabeled data via self-supervised learning and have been shown to adapt to various tasks with minima

Tushar Gahlaut, Gourav Dwivedi

Electric vehicles (EVs) are increasingly becoming popular as a viable means of transportation for the future. The use of EVs may help to provide better climatic conditions in urban areas with a pocket friendly cost for transportation to the consumers throughout its life. EVs enact as a boon to the society by providing zero tailpipe emissions, better comfort,

Jan Goedgebeur, Jorik Jooken, Karolina Okrasa, Paweł Rzążewski

For graphs $G$ and $H$, an $H$-coloring of $G$ is an edge-preserving mapping from $V(G)$ to $V(H)$. Note that if $H$ is the triangle, then $H$-colorings are equivalent to $3$-colorings. In this paper we are interested in the case that $H$ is the five-vertex cycle $C_5$. A minimal obstruction to $C_5$-coloring is a graph that does not have a $C_5$-coloring, b

Oscar Castillo-Felisola, Bastian Grez, Gonzalo J. Olmo, Oscar Orellana

The Polynomial Affine Gravity is an alternative gravitational model, where the interactions are mediated solely by the affine connection, instead of the metric tensor. In this paper, we explore the space of solutions to the field equations when the torsion fields are turned on, in a homogeneous and isotropic (cosmological) scenario. We explore various metric

Sergey Smirnov

Nonequilibrium quantum noise $S^>(\omega,V)$ measured at finite frequencies $\omega$ and bias voltages $V$ probes Majorana bound states in a host nanostructure via fluctuation fingerprints unavailable in average currents or static shot noise. When Majorana interference is brought into play, it enriches nonequilibrium states and makes their nature even more u

E. Can Artun, Deniz Sarman, A. Nihat Berker

A nematic phase, previously seen in the d=3 classical Heisenberg spin-glass system, occurs in the n-component cubic-spin spin-glass system, between the low-temperature spin-glass phase and the high-temperature disordered phase, for number of spin components n \geq 3, in spatial dimension d=3, thus constituting a liquid-crystal phase in a dirty (quenched-diso

Klaudiusz Czudek, Dmitry Dolgopyat

We prove the Central Limit Theorem and superpolynomial mixing for environment viewed for the particle process in quasi periodic Diophantine random environment. The main ingredients are smoothness estimates for the solution of the Poisson equation and local limit asymptotics for certain accelerated walks.

Yichen Zhu, Zhicai Ou, Xiaofeng Mou, Jian Tang

Embodied agents operating in complex and uncertain environments face considerable challenges. While some advanced agents handle complex manipulation tasks with proficiency, their success often hinges on extensive training data to develop their capabilities. In contrast, humans typically rely on recalling past experiences and analogous situations to solve new

Antonio Boiano, Marco Di Gennaro, Luca Barbieri, Michele Carminati

Federated Learning (FL) has emerged as a promising approach for privacy-preserving machine learning, particularly in sensitive domains such as healthcare. In this context, the TRUSTroke project aims to leverage FL to assist clinicians in ischemic stroke prediction. This paper provides an overview of the TRUSTroke FL network infrastructure. The proposed archi

Renan J. S. Isneri

The goal of this paper is to investigate the existence of saddle solutions for some classes of elliptic partial differential equations of the Allen-Cahn type, formulated as follows: \begin{equation*} -div\left(\frac{\nabla u}{\sqrt{1+|\nabla u|^2}}\right) + A(x,y)V'(u)=0~~\text{ in }~~\mathbb{R}^2. \end{equation*} Here, the function $A:\mathbb{R}^2\to\mathbb

Eric Palmerduca, Hong Qin

Over the past three decades, it has been shown that discrete and continuous media can support topologically nontrivial waves. Recently, it was shown that the same is true of the vacuum, in particular, right (R) and left (L) circularly polarized photons are topologically nontrivial. Here, we study the topology of another class of massless particles, namely gr

Asaf Cohen, Ethan Zell

Mean field games (MFGs) model equilibria in games with a continuum of weakly interacting players as limiting systems of symmetric $n$-player games. We consider the finite-state, infinite-horizon problem with ergodic cost. Assuming Markovian strategies, we first prove that any solution to the MFG system gives rise to a $(C/\sqrt{n})$-Nash equilibrium in the $

Dionisio Bazeia, João G. F. Campos, Azadeh Mohammadi

This work deals with Abelian Chern-Simons vortices interacting with magnetic impurities. We compute static solutions with winding numbers zero and one. Then, we develop a numerical algorithm to simulate their collisions. Collisions between a vortex with winding number two and a magnetic impurity are also performed. All scattering results are interpreted in t

Claudianor O. Alves, Renan J. S. Isneri, Piero Montecchiari

In this paper, we prove the existence, uniqueness and qualitative properties of heteroclinic solution for a class of autonomous quasilinear ordinary differential equations of the Allen-Cahn type given by $$ -\left(\phi(|u'|)u'\right)'+V'(u)=0~~\text{ in }~~\mathbb{R}, $$ where $V$ is a double-well potential with minima at $t=\pm\alpha$ and $\phi:(0,+\infty)\

Gayatri Ghosh

The next$-$to$-$minimal supersymmetric standard model (NMSSM) featuring constrained mSUGRA model, has the capability to inherently anticipate a light dark matter component within the existing limitations encompassing Higgs data, sparticle$-$mass constraints, dark matter exploration, muon g-2. We examine neutralino dark matter within the NMSSM framework by co

Sebastian Oberhoff

The overarching theme of the following pages is that mathematical logic -- centered around the incompleteness theorems -- is first and foremost an investigation of $\textit{computation}$, not arithmetic. Guided by this intuition we will show the following. * First, we'll all but eliminate the need for G\"odel numbers. * Next, we'll introduce a novel notation

Vansh Gupta, Mohit Gupta, Jai Garg, Nitesh Garg

Address matching is an important task for many businesses especially delivery and take out companies which help them to take out a certain address from their data warehouse. Existing solution uses similarity of strings, and edit distance algorithms to find out the similar addresses from the address database, but these algorithms could not work effectively wi

A. Asulin, E. Tkachenko, N. Kleeorin, A. Levy

Based on a mean-field theory of a non-rotating turbulent convection (Phys. Rev. E {\bf 66}, 066305, 2002), we perform mean-field simulations (MFS) of sheared convection which takes into account an effect of modification of the turbulent heat flux by the non-uniform large-scale motions. As the result of this effect, there is an excitation of large-scale conve

Claudianor O. Alves, Renan J. S. Isneri

The purpose of this paper consists in using variational methods to establish the existence of heteroclinic solutions for some classes of prescribed mean curvature equations of the type $$ -div\left(\frac{\nabla u}{\sqrt{1+|\nabla u|^2}}\right) + A(\epsilon x,y)V'(u)=0~~\text{ in }~~\mathbb{R}^2, $$ where $\epsilon>0$ and $V$ is a double-well potential with m

Yueqian Li, Yan Zhang

We propose a four-level cascade-type atomic system in which two reverse four-wave mixing (FWM) processes can coexist via optical transitions in distinct pathways. This enables the generation of high- or low-frequency vortex beams on demand and facilitates spatial phase modulation of the vortex beam intensity distribution. The two reverse FWM processes can yi

Andrés G. Jirón, Luis B. Castro, Antonio S. de Castro, Angel E. Obispo

The problem of vectorial mesons embedded in an electromagnetic field via Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau (DKP) formalism is reinvestigated. Considering the electromagnetic interaction as a minimal coupling, an incorrect value $(g=1)$ is identified for the gyromagnetic factor ($g$-factor). Furthermore, it is shown that is cumbersome to find analytical solutions due to t

Raghunath Ghara, Abinash Kumar Shaw, Saleem Zaroubi, Benedetta Ciardi

The redshifted 21-cm signal from the epoch of reionization (EoR) directly probes the ionization and thermal states of the intergalactic medium during that period. In particular, the distribution of the ionized regions around the radiating sources during EoR introduces scale-dependent features in the spherically-averaged EoR 21-cm signal power spectrum. The g

J. Y. Sun, H. Z. Shen

We study the photon blockade at exceptional points for a non-Hermitian optomechanical system coupled to the driven whispering-gallery-mode microresonator with two nanoparticles under the weak optomechanical coupling approximation, where exceptional points emerge periodically by controlling the relative angle of the nanoparticles. We find that conventional ph

Argelia Balbuena Ortega, Emiliano Hernández-Figueroa, J. Antonio del Río

Despite decades of research, the Mpemba Effect challenges scientists, prompting further investigation and refinement of existing hypotheses. This work uses optical tools such as thermography to analyze and study the Mpemba effect on drops. We analyze times and contact angle changes with temperature with an easily controlled experiment. This work contributes

Weiming Zhi, Haozhan Tang, Tianyi Zhang, Matthew Johnson-Roberson

Representing the environment is a central challenge in robotics, and is essential for effective decision-making. Traditionally, before capturing images with a manipulator-mounted camera, users need to calibrate the camera using a specific external marker, such as a checkerboard or AprilTag. However, recent advances in computer vision have led to the developm

Mahsa Sheikhi Karizaki, Dana Gnesdilow, Sadhana Puntambekar, Rebecca J. Passonneau

Automated methods are becoming increasingly integrated into studies of formative feedback on students' science explanation writing. Most of this work, however, addresses students' responses to short answer questions. We investigate automated feedback on students' science explanation essays, where students must articulate multiple ideas. Feedback is based on

Xin Chen, Cheng Ren, Timothy A Thomas

Tenant-landlord relationships exhibit a power asymmetry where landlords' power to evict the tenants at a low-cost results in their dominating status in such relationships. Tenant concerns are thus often unspoken, unresolved, or ignored and this could lead to blatant conflicts as suppressed tenant concerns accumulate. Modern machine learning methods and Large

Joydeep Chakravarty, Keshav Dasgupta

We propose precise effective field theory criteria to obtain a four-dimensional de Sitter space within M-theory. To this effect, starting with the state space described by the action of metric perturbations, fluxes etc over the supersymmetric Minkowski vacuum in eleven-dimensions, we discuss the most general low energy effective action in terms of the eleven

Guy C. David, Brandon Oliva

We show that in doubling, geodesic metric measure spaces (including, for example, Euclidean space), sets of positive measure have a certain large-scale metric density property. As an application, we prove that a set of positive measure in the unit cube of $\mathbb{R}^d$ can be decomposed into a controlled number of subsets that are "well-connected" within th

Alexander Johnson-Vázquez, Alexander W. Hsu, Peng Zheng, Aleksandr Aravkin

Meta-analysis allows rigorous aggregation of estimates and uncertainty across multiple studies. When a given study reports multiple estimates, such as log odds ratios (ORs) or log relative risks (RRs) across exposure groups, accounting for within-study correlations improves accuracy and efficiency of meta-analytic results. Canonical approaches of Greenland-L

Zhuoyi Lin, Yaoxin Wu, Bangjian Zhou, Zhiguang Cao

Existing neural heuristics often train a deep architecture from scratch for each specific vehicle routing problem (VRP), ignoring the transferable knowledge across different VRP variants. This paper proposes the cross-problem learning to assist heuristics training for different downstream VRP variants. Particularly, we modularize neural architectures for com

Konstantinos Kritos, Emanuele Berti, Joseph Silk

Rapid formation of supermassive black holes occurs in dense nuclear star clusters that are initially gas-dominated. Stellar-mass black hole remnants of the most massive cluster sink into the core, where a massive runaway black hole forms as a consequence of combined effects of repeated mergers and Eddington-limited gas accretion. The associated gravitational

Sang Kyu Lee, Seonjin Kim, Mi-Ok Kim, Katherine L. Grantz

Addressing health disparities among different demographic groups is a key challenge in public health. Despite many efforts, there is still a gap in understanding how these disparities unfold over time. Our paper focuses on this overlooked longitudinal aspect, which is crucial in both clinical and public health settings. In this paper, we introduce a longitud

Ryan Abbott, Michael S. Albergo, Denis Boyda, Daniel C. Hackett

Normalizing flows are machine-learned maps between different lattice theories which can be used as components in exact sampling and inference schemes. Ongoing work yields increasingly expressive flows on gauge fields, but it remains an open question how flows can improve lattice QCD at state-of-the-art scales. We discuss and demonstrate two applications of f

Itai Boneh, Dvir Fried, Shay Golan, Matan Kraus

Hairpin completion, derived from the hairpin formation observed in DNA biochemistry, is an operation applied to strings, particularly useful in DNA computing. Conceptually, a right hairpin completion operation transforms a string $S$ into $S\cdot S'$ where $S'$ is the reverse complement of a prefix of $S$. Similarly, a left hairpin completion operation trans

Ali Modarressi, Abdullatif Köksal, Ayyoob Imani, Mohsen Fayyaz

While current large language models (LLMs) perform well on many knowledge-related tasks, they are limited by relying on their parameters as an implicit storage mechanism. As a result, they struggle with memorizing rare events and with updating their memory as facts change over time. In addition, the uninterpretable nature of parametric memory makes it challe

André J. Costa, Nuno M. Preguiça, João M. Lourenço

When compared to blocking concurrency, non-blocking concurrency can provide higher performance in parallel shared-memory contexts, especially in high contention scenarios. This paper proposes FLeeC, an application-level cache system based on Memcached, which leverages re-designed data structures and non-blocking (or lock-free) concurrency to improve performa

Ian McCormack, Joshua Sunshine, Jonathan Aldrich

Developers rely on the static safety guarantees of the Rust programming language to write secure and performant applications. However, Rust is frequently used to interoperate with other languages which allow design patterns that conflict with Rust's evolving aliasing models. Miri is currently the only dynamic analysis tool that can validate applications agai

Vid Homšak, Stefano Veroni

This paper presents the first numerical study of black hole thermodynamics in Causal Set Theory, focusing on the entropy of a Schwarzschild black hole as embodied in the distribution of proposed horizon molecules. To simulate causal sets we created a highly parallelized computational framework in \texttt{C++} which allowed for the generation of causal sets w

Nagabhushan Somraj, Kapil Choudhary, Sai Harsha Mupparaju, Rajiv Soundararajan

Designing a 3D representation of a dynamic scene for fast optimization and rendering is a challenging task. While recent explicit representations enable fast learning and rendering of dynamic radiance fields, they require a dense set of input viewpoints. In this work, we focus on learning a fast representation for dynamic radiance fields with sparse input vi

Takuji Tsujimoto

The enrichment history of $r$-process elements has been imprinted on the stellar abundances that change in accordance with increasing metallicity in galaxies. Close examination of the [Eu/Fe] feature caused by stars in nearby galaxies, including the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), shows its perplexity. The decreasing trend of the [Eu/Fe] feature is followed by

Shivvrat Arya, Yu Xiang, Vibhav Gogate

We present a unified framework called deep dependency networks (DDNs) that combines dependency networks and deep learning architectures for multi-label classification, with a particular emphasis on image and video data. The primary advantage of dependency networks is their ease of training, in contrast to other probabilistic graphical models like Markov netw

Michelle Kunimoto, William DeRocco, Nolan Smyth, Steve Bryson

Though free-floating planets (FFPs) may outpopulate their bound counterparts in the terrestrial-mass range, they remain one of the least explored exoplanet demographics. Due to their negligible electromagnetic emission at all wavelengths, the only observational technique able to detect these worlds is gravitational microlensing. Microlensing by terrestrial-m

Mohammad Javad Askarizadeh, Ebrahim Farahmand, Jorge Castro-Godinez, Ali Mahani

Deep Neural Networks (DNNs) have advanced in many real-world applications, such as healthcare and autonomous driving. However, their high computational complexity and vulnerability to adversarial attacks are ongoing challenges. In this letter, approximate multipliers are used to explore DNN robustness improvement against adversarial attacks. By uniformly rep

Saarik Kalia

The Earth acts as a matter potential for relic neutrinos which modifies their index of refraction from vacuum by $\delta\sim10^{-8}$. It has been argued that the refractive effects from this potential should lead to a large $\mathcal O(\sqrt\delta)$ neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry at the surface of the Earth. This result was computed by treating the Earth as

Stefano Veroni, Markus Müller, Giacomo Giudice

A major challenge in performing quantum error correction (QEC) is implementing reliable measurements and conditional feed-forward operations. In quantum computing platforms supporting unconditional qubit resets, or a constant supply of fresh qubits, alternative schemes which do not require measurements are possible. In such schemes, the error correction is r

Niamh K. O'Sullivan, Suzanne Aigrain

As the hunt for an Earth-like exoplanets has intensified in recent years, so has the effort to characterise and model the stellar signals that can hide or mimic small planetary signals. Stellar variability arises from a number of sources, including granulation, supergranulation, oscillations and activity, all of which result in quasi-periodic or stochastic b

Mohit Gupta, Nitesh Garg, Jai Garg, Vansh Gupta

Parcels delivery is a critical activity in railways. More importantly, each parcel must be thoroughly checked and sorted according to its destination address. We require an efficient and robust IoT system capable of doing all of these tasks with great precision and minimal human interaction. This paper discusses, We created a fully-fledged solution using IoT

T. Daniel Brennan

In this note, we will characterize constraints on the possible IR phases of a given QFT by anomalies in the space of coupling constants. We will give conditions under which a coupling constant anomaly cannot be matched by a continuous family of symmetry preserving gapped phases, in which case the theory is either gapless, or exhibits spontaneous symmetry bre

H. Ebeling, J. Richard, B. Beauchesne, Q. Basto

We present a sample of over 100 highly X-ray luminous galaxy clusters at $z\sim$ 0.5-0.9, discovered by the extended Massive Cluster Survey (eMACS) in ROSAT All-Sky Survey (RASS) data. Follow-up observations of a subset at higher resolution and greater depth with the Chandra X-ray Observatory are used to map the gaseous intra-cluster medium, while strong-gra

M. Fuentealba-Fuentes, P. Lira, T. Díaz-Santos, B. Trakhtenbrot

We present ALMA band-7 observations of J2057-0030, a multi-component merger system at $z$ $\sim$ 4.68 spanning at least 50 kpc in size, using the [CII] $\lambda$157.74 $\mu$m line and underlying far-infrared (FIR) continuum. We find two main components, the quasar (QSO) and a dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG), both detected in [CII] and continuum emission as

Andrew C. Yuan, Steven A. Kivelson

Josephson tunneling across a planar junction generally depends on the relative twist angle, $\theta$, between the two layers. However, if under a discrete rotation, the order parameter in one layer is odd and the other is even (as, e.g., for a $s$-wave to $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave junction under a $\pi/2$ rotation) then the bulk Josephson current vanishes for all $

Letizia Scaloni, Giulia Rodighiero, Andrea Enia, Carlotta Gruppioni

Stellar bars are common morphological structures in the local Universe; according to optical and NIR surveys, they are present in about two-thirds of disc galaxies. These elongated structures are also believed to play a crucial role in secular evolutionary processes, because they are able to efficiently redistribute gas, stars, and angular momentum within th

Hans Jockers, Sören Kotlewski

Gauging isometries of four-dimensional N=2 supergravity theories yields an N=2 supersymmetric theory with a scalar potential. In this note, we study the well-known constraints for four-dimensional N=2 Minkowski vacua of such theories. We propose that classically a projective special K\"ahler submanifold of the projective K\"ahler target space of the ungauged

Yunchao Zhang, Xue-Yang Song, T. Senthil

Quantum spin liquids are exotic phases of quantum matter especially pertinent to many modern condensed matter systems. Dirac spin liquids (DSLs) are a class of gapless quantum spin liquids that do not have a quasi-particle description and are potentially realized in a wide variety of spin $1/2$ magnetic systems on $2d$ lattices. In particular, the DSL in squ

Federico Escudero

We develop a diagrammatic perturbation theory to account for the emergence of moir\'e bands in the continuum model of twisted bilayer graphene. Our framework is build upon treating the moir\'e potential as a perturbation that transfers electrons from one layer to another through the exchange of the three wave vectors that define the moir\'e Brillouin zone. B

Lorenzo Leone, Lennart Bittel

Magic-state resource theory is a powerful tool with applications in quantum error correction, many-body physics, and classical simulation of quantum dynamics. Despite its broad scope, finding tractable resource monotones has been challenging. Stabilizer entropies have recently emerged as promising candidates (being easily computable and experimentally measur

Pedro Bittar, Davi B. Costa, Gustavo Burdman

We introduce a mirror twin Higgs model with spontaneous $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry breaking that ameliorates the constraints in twin Higgs cosmology and, at the same time, generates the Standard Model neutrino masses. The model features an $SU(2)$ triplet with hypercharge $1$ alongside its twin counterpart. Spontaneous breaking of both $\mathbb{Z}_2$ and electr

Martina O. Soldini, Ömer M. Aksoy, Titus Neupert

Topology is routinely used to understand the physics of electronic insulators. However, for strongly interacting electronic matter, such as Mott insulators, a comprehensive topological characterization is still lacking. When their ground state only contains short-range entanglement and does not break symmetries spontaneously, they generically realize crystal

Christian Duffin, Aydin Deger, Achilleas Lazarides

We study stability of localisation under periodic driving in many-body Stark systems. We find that localisation is stable except near special resonant frequencies, where resonances cause delocalisation. We provide approximate analytical arguments and numerical evidence in support of these results. This shows that disorder-free broken ergodicity is stable to

Jin Dong, Xiang Li, Fan Zhu

In this paper we revisit the general phenomenon that scattering amplitudes of pions can be obtained from "dimensional reduction" of gluons in higher dimensions in a more general context. We show that such "dimensional reduction" operations universally turn gluons into pions regardless of details of interactions: under such operations any amplitude that is ga

Christopher Yang, Will Hunt, Gil Refael, Iliya Esin

External coherent fields can drive quantum materials into non-equilibrium states, revealing exotic properties that are unattainable under equilibrium conditions -- an approach known as ``Floquet engineering.'' While optical lasers have commonly been used as the driving fields, recent advancements have introduced nontraditional sources, such as coherent phono

Elena González Prieto, Newlin C. Weatherford, Giacomo Fragione, Kyle Kremer

Very massive stars (VMSs) formed via a sequence of stellar collisions in dense star clusters have been proposed as the progenitors of massive black hole seeds. VMSs could indeed collapse to form intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs), which would then grow by accretion to become the supermassive black holes observed at the centers of galaxies and powering hig

Jean-Yves Desaules, Thomas Iadecola, Jad C. Halimeh

Confinement is a prominent phenomenon in condensed matter and high-energy physics that has recently become the focus of quantum-simulation experiments of lattice gauge theories (LGTs). As such, a theoretical understanding of the effect of confinement on LGT dynamics is not only of fundamental importance, but can lend itself to upcoming experiments. Here, we

Raphael Bousso, Sami Kaya

We characterize the quantum states dual to entanglement wedges in arbitrary spacetimes, in settings where the matter entropy can be neglected compared to the geometric entropy. In AdS/CFT, such states obey special entropy inequalities known as the holographic entropy cone. In particular, the mutual information of CFT subregions is monogamous (MMI). We extend

Fabio Pacucci, Abraham Loeb, Ignas Juodžbalis

JWST is discovering a large population of $z>4$ supermassive black holes (SMBHs) that are overmassive with respect to the stellar content of their hosts. A previous study developed a physical model to interpret this overmassive population as the result of quasar feedback acting on a compact host galaxy. In this Note, we apply this model to JADES GN 1146115,

Stephon Alexander, Tucker Manton, Evan McDonough

Axion and axion-like particles (ALPs) are a prominent candidate for physics beyond the Standard Model, and can play an important role in cosmology, serving as dark matter or dark energy, or both, drawing motivation in part from the string theory axiverse. Axion-like particles (ALPs) can also arise as composite degrees of freedom following chiral symmetry bre

Z. Wahhaj, M. Benisty, C. Ginski, C. Swastik

Context. Most ground-based planet search direct imaging campaigns use angular differential imaging, which distorts the signal from extended sources like protoplanetary disks. In the case PDS 70, a young system with two planets found within the cavity of a protoplanetary disk, obtaining a reliable image of both planets and disk is essential to understanding p

Anders Eller Thomsen

We examine the incorporation of gauge symmetries in the modern effective field theory (EFT) matching paradigm with a particular focus on spontaneously broken symmetries. The presence of gauge symmetries entails the introduction of gauge-fixing terms in matching calculations, which may prevent (partial) cancellation between loops from the underlying theory an

Daniel Geng, Inbum Park, Andrew Owens

Given a factorization of an image into a sum of linear components, we present a zero-shot method to control each individual component through diffusion model sampling. For example, we can decompose an image into low and high spatial frequencies and condition these components on different text prompts. This produces hybrid images, which change appearance depe

Zichen Liu, Yihao Meng, Hao Ouyang, Yue Yu

Text animation serves as an expressive medium, transforming static communication into dynamic experiences by infusing words with motion to evoke emotions, emphasize meanings, and construct compelling narratives. Crafting animations that are semantically aware poses significant challenges, demanding expertise in graphic design and animation. We present an aut

Zhiheng Liu, Hao Ouyang, Qiuyu Wang, Ka Leong Cheng

3D Gaussians have recently emerged as an efficient representation for novel view synthesis. This work studies its editability with a particular focus on the inpainting task, which aims to supplement an incomplete set of 3D Gaussians with additional points for visually harmonious rendering. Compared to 2D inpainting, the crux of inpainting 3D Gaussians is to

Nikolai Peshcherenko, Ning Mao, Claudia Felser, Yang Zhang

Kagome metals are known to host Dirac fermions and saddle point Van Hove singularities near Fermi level. With the minimal two-pocket model (Dirac cone + Van Hove singularity), we propose a semiclassical theory to explain the experimentally observed sublinear resistivity in Ni$_3$In and other Kagome metals. We derive the full semiclassical description of kine

Jake K. Eager-Nash, Stuart J. Daines, James W. McDermott, Peter Andrews

In order to assess observational evidence for potential atmospheric biosignatures on exoplanets, it will be essential to test whether spectral fingerprints from multiple gases can be explained by abiotic or biotic-only processes. Here, we develop and apply a coupled 1D atmosphere-ocean-ecosystem model to understand how primitive biospheres, which exploit abi

Reinaldo Francener, Victor P. Goncalves, Bruno D. Moreira, Kaique A. Santos

In this work we perform an exploratory study of the photoproduction of singlet QED bound states $(l^-l^+)_S$ in electron - ion collisions at the EicC, EIC and LHeC energies. The total cross - sections, event rates per year and rapidity distributions associated with the parapositronium, paramuonium and paratauonium production are estimated. Moreover, we consi

Vivian I. Sabla, José Luis Bernal, Gabriela Sato-Polito, Marc Kamionkowski

The power spectrum and voxel intensity distribution (VID) are two summary statistics that can be applied to condense the information encoded in line-intensity maps. The information contained in both summary statistics is highly complementary, and their combination allows for a major increase in precision of parameter estimation from line-intensity mapping (L

Shubhadip Dasgupta, Satwik Pate, Divya Rathore, L. G. Divyanth

This study investigated the use of portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) spectrometry and soil image analysis for rapid soil fertility assessment, with a focus on key indicators such as available boron (B), organic carbon (OC), available manganese (Mn), available sulfur (S), and the sulfur availability index (SAI). A total of 1,133 soil samples from diverse agr

K. Knakkergaard Nielsen

I investigate the motion of a single hole in 2D spin lattices with square and triangular geometries. While the spins have nearest neighbor Ising spin couplings $J$, the hole is allowed to move only in 1D along a single line in the 2D lattice with nearest neighbor hopping amplitude $t$. The non-equilibrium hole dynamics is initialized by suddenly removing a s

Ziteng Sun, Peter Kairouz, Haicheng Sun, Adria Gascon

The vocabulary of language models in Gboard, Google's keyboard application, plays a crucial role for improving user experience. One way to improve the vocabulary is to discover frequently typed out-of-vocabulary (OOV) words on user devices. This task requires strong privacy protection due to the sensitive nature of user input data. In this report, we present

Shivvrat Arya, Tahrima Rahman, Vibhav Gogate

We propose a self-supervised learning approach for solving the following constrained optimization task in log-linear models or Markov networks. Let $f$ and $g$ be two log-linear models defined over the sets $\mathbf{X}$ and $\mathbf{Y}$ of random variables respectively. Given an assignment $\mathbf{x}$ to all variables in $\mathbf{X}$ (evidence) and a real n

Zhichao Deng, Xiangtai Li, Xia Li, Yunhai Tong

Understanding the real world through point cloud video is a crucial aspect of robotics and autonomous driving systems. However, prevailing methods for 4D point cloud recognition have limitations due to sensor resolution, which leads to a lack of detailed information. Recent advances have shown that Vision-Language Models (VLM) pre-trained on web-scale text-i

E. Balbinot, E. Dodd, T. Matsuno, C. Lardo

The Gaia Collaboration has recently reported the detection of a 33 M$_\odot$ black hole in a wide binary system located in the Solar neighbourhood. Here we explore the relationship between this black hole, known as Gaia BH3, and the nearby ED-2 halo stellar stream. We study the orbital characteristics of the Gaia BH3 binary and present measurements of the ch

Andrea Cangiani, Andreas Dedner, Matthew Hubbard, Harry Wells

We present two approaches to constructing isoparametric Virtual Element Methods of arbitrary order for linear elliptic partial differential equations on general two-dimensional domains. The first method approximates the variational problem transformed onto a computational reference domain. The second method computes a virtual domain and uses bespoke polynomi

Luke S. Snyder, Ryan A. Rossi, Eunyee Koh, Jeffrey Heer

The ubiquity and on-the-go availability of mobile devices makes them central to many tasks such as interpersonal communication and media consumption. However, despite the potential of mobile devices for on-demand exploratory data visualization, existing mobile interactions are difficult, often using highly custom interactions, complex gestures, or multi-moda

Andrew L. Miller

Gravitational waves from inspiraling sub-solar mass compact objects would provide almost definitive evidence for the existence of primordial black holes. In this chapter, we explain why these exotic objects are interesting candidates for current and future gravitational-wave observatories, and provide detailed explanations of how they are searched for. We de

Roman Mauch, Lorenzo Ruggeri

In this work we conjecture the Coulomb branch partition function, including flux and instanton contributions, for the $\mathcal{N}=2$ vector multiplet on weighted projective space $\mathbb{CP}^2_{\boldsymbol{N}}$ for equivariant Donaldson-Witten and ``Pestun-like'' theories. We claim that this partition function agrees with the one obtained from dimensional

Tahmim Hossain, Sai Sarath Movva, Ritika Ritika

Developing visualizations with comprehensive annotations is crucial for research and educational purposes. We've been experimenting with various visualization tools like Plotly, Plotly.js, and D3.js to analyze global trends, focusing on areas such as Global Terrorism, the Global Air Quality Index (AQI), and Global Population dynamics. These visualizations he

James Harrison, John Willes, Jasper Snoek

We introduce a deterministic variational formulation for training Bayesian last layer neural networks. This yields a sampling-free, single-pass model and loss that effectively improves uncertainty estimation. Our variational Bayesian last layer (VBLL) can be trained and evaluated with only quadratic complexity in last layer width, and is thus (nearly) comput

Soheyla Feyzbakhsh, Hanfei Guo, Zhiyu Liu, Shizhuo Zhang

Let $X$ be a very general Gushel-Mukai (GM) variety of dimension $n\geq 4$, and let $Y$ be a smooth hyperplane section. There are natural pull-back and push-forward functors between the semi-orthogonal components (known as the Kuznetsov components) of the derived categories of $X$ and $Y$. In this paper, we prove that the Bridgeland stability of objects is p