November 2024 arXiv papers — page 36

Marcus J. Grote, Omar Lakkis, Carina Santos

We derive a fully computable aposteriori error estimator for a Galerkin finite element solution of the wave equation with explicit leapfrog time-stepping. Our discrete formulation accommodates both time evolving meshes and leapfrog based local time-stepping (Diaz & Grote, 2009), which overcomes the stringent stability restriction on the time-step due to loca

Andong Deng, Zhongpai Gao, Anwesa Choudhuri, Benjamin Planche

Temporal awareness is essential for video large language models (LLMs) to understand and reason about events within long videos, enabling applications like dense video captioning and temporal video grounding in a unified system. However, the scarcity of long videos with detailed captions and precise temporal annotations limits their temporal awareness. In th

Mohamed Mourad Ouazghire, Julie Stephany Berrio, Mao Shan, Stewart Worrall

Autonomous vehicles are being tested in diverse environments worldwide. However, a notable gap exists in evaluating datasets representing natural, unstructured environments such as forests or gardens. To address this, we present a study on localisation at the Australian Botanic Garden Mount Annan. This area encompasses open grassy areas, paved pathways, and

Arian Mehrfard, Bharanidhar Duraisamy, Stefan Haag, Florian Geiss

Kalman Filters (KF) are fundamental to real-time state estimation applications, including radar-based tracking systems used in modern driver assistance and safety technologies. In a linear dynamical system with Gaussian noise distributions the KF is the optimal estimator. However, real-world systems often deviate from these assumptions. This deviation combin

Athanasios Chatzistavrakidis, Arash Ranjbar, Sara Zeko

We investigate the concept of tensor global symmetries, featuring conserved currents of mixed symmetry and higher spin Nambu-Goldstone bosons. We develop a Stueckelberg mechanism for mixed symmetry tensor fields at the linearized level, focusing on the massive graviton, the massive $(2,1)$ Curtright field and the massive $(2,2)$ field. Counting degrees of fr

Joseph Nyangon, Ruth Akintunde

Accurate and reliable electricity price forecasting has significant practical implications for grid management, renewable energy integration, power system planning, and price volatility management. This study focuses on enhancing electricity price forecasting in California's grid, addressing challenges from complex generation data and heteroskedasticity. Uti

Mohammad Jalili Torkamani, Abhinav Sharma, Nikita Mehrotra, Rahul Purandare

Production assertions are statements embedded in the code to help developers validate their assumptions about the code. They assist developers in debugging, provide valuable documentation, and enhance code comprehension. Current research in this area primarily focuses on assertion generation for unit tests using techniques, such as static analysis and deep l

Hoyoung Kim, Azimbek Khudoyberdiev, Seonghwan Jeong, Jihoon Ryoo

Traditional neural network-driven inpainting methods struggle to deliver high-quality results within the constraints of mobile device processing power and memory. Our research introduces an innovative approach to optimize memory usage by altering the composition of input data. Typically, video inpainting relies on a predetermined set of input frames, such as

Sanjiv Kumar Bariwal, Rajesh Kumar

This article focuses on the finite volume method (FVM) as an instrument tool to deal with the non-linear collisional-induced breakage equation (CBE) that arises in the particulate process. Notably, we consider the non-conservative approximation of the CBE. The analysis of weak convergence of the approximated solutions under a feasible stability condition on

Erkao Bao, Tyler Lawson, Lina Liu

We consider a finite group $G$ acting on a manifold $M$. For any equivariant Morse function, which is a generic condition, there does not always exist an equivariant metric $g$ on $M$ such that the pair $(f,g)$ is Morse-Smale. Here, the pair $(f,g)$ is called Morse-Smale if the descending and ascending manifolds intersect transversely. The best possible metr

K. Yu. Golenitskii, N. S. Averkiev

In some anisotropic bulk media (for example, biaxial weakly absorbing crystals) there are special directions along which the plane wave field distribution has a singular profile of the form $\propto (\mathbf{n} \mathbf{r}) \exp(i q \mathbf{n} \mathbf{r})$. They are also known as Voigt waves. Similar singular profiles also arise in the theory of surface elect

Andreas Blommaert, Adam Levine, Thomas G. Mertens, Jacopo Papalini

We study 2d dilaton gravity theories with a periodic potential, with special emphasis on sine dilaton gravity, which is holographically dual to double-scaled SYK. The periodicity of the potentials implies a symmetry under (discrete) shifts in the momentum conjugate to the length of geodesic slices. This results in divergences. The correct definition is to ga

Frédéric Herbreteau, Sarah Larroze-Jardiné, Gérald Point, Igor Walukiewicz

The goal of partial-order methods is to accelerate the exploration of concurrent systems by examining only a representative subset of all possible runs. The stateful approach builds a transition system with representative runs, while the stateless method simply enumerates them. The stateless approach may be preferable if the transition system is tree-like; o

Cooper Jacobus, Roger de Belsunce, Solene Chabanier, Peter Harrington

The next generation of cosmological spectroscopic sky surveys will probe the distribution of matter across several Gigaparsecs (Gpc) or many billion light-years. In order to leverage the rich data in these new maps to gain a better understanding of the physics that shapes the large-scale structure of the cosmos, observed matter distributions must be compared

Juan Salamanca, Daniel Gómez-Marín, Sergi Jordà

This paper explores the attributes necessary to determine the creative merit of intermediate artifacts produced during a computational co-creative process (CCC) in which a human and an artificial intelligence system collaborate in the generative phase of a creative project. In an active listening experiment, subjects with diverse musical training (N=43) judg

Mahdi Belbasi, Martin Fürer, Medha Kumar

This paper presents a linear FPT algorithm to find a tree decomposition with a 2-approximation of the treewidth with a significantly smaller exponential dependence on the treewidth. The algorithm runs in time $O(\text{poly}(k) 81^k n)$, compared to Korhonen's running time of $O(\text{poly}(k) 1782^k n)$ = $O(2^{10.8k} n)$.

James A. R. Marshall, Andrew B. Barron

Generative Pre-Trained Transformers (GPTs) are hyped to revolutionize robotics. Here we question their utility. GPTs for autonomous robotics demand enormous and costly compute, excessive training times and (often) offboard wireless control. We contrast GPT state of the art with how tiny insect brains have achieved robust autonomy with none of these constrain

F. S. Ricci, C. K. Ukegbu, A. Krassner, S. Hazarika

This study explores the use of virtual reality (VR) as an innovative tool to enhance awareness, acceptance, and understanding of accessibility for persons with vision loss (VL). Through a VR-based workshop developed in collaboration with New York City's Department Of Transportation, participants experienced immersive simulations of VL and and related immersi

Hamzat A. Akande, Alexandre Perrin, Bruno Senjean, Matthieu Saubanere

Determining low-energy eigenstates in electronic many-body quantum systems is a key challenge in computational chemistry and condensed-matter physics. Hybrid quantum-classical approaches, such as the Variational Quantum Eigensolver and Quantum Subspace Methods, offer practical solutions but face limitations in circuit depth and measurement overhead. In this

Jed A. Duersch, Tommie A. Catanach, Alexander Safonov, Jeremy Wendt

Harnessing the local topography of the loss landscape is a central challenge in advanced optimization tasks. By accounting for the effect of potential parameter changes, we can alter the model more efficiently. Contrary to standard assumptions, we find that the Hessian does not always approximate loss curvature well, particularly near gradient discontinuitie

Dmitri Finkelshtein, Anatoliy Malyarenko, Yuliya Mishura, Kostiantyn Ralchenko

The paper extends the analysis of the entropies of the Poisson distribution with parameter $\lambda$. It demonstrates that the Tsallis and Sharma-Mittal entropies exhibit monotonic behavior with respect to $\lambda$, whereas two generalized forms of the R\'enyi entropy may exhibit "anomalous" (non-monotonic) behavior. Additionally, we examine the asymptotic

Ron Donagi, Andres Fernandez Herrero

We construct a universal partial compactification of the relative moduli space of semistable meromorphic Higgs bundles over the stack of stable pointed curves. It parametrizes meromorphic Gieseker Higgs bundles, and is equipped with a flat and proper extension of the usual Hitchin morphism. Over an open subset of the Hitchin base parametrizing allowable noda

Shuhao Qi, Zengjie Zhang, Zhiyong Sun, Sofie Haesaert

This paper is devoted to the analysis and resolution of a pathological phenomenon in airplane encounters called blocking mode. As autonomy in airplane systems increases, a pathological phenomenon can be observed in two-aircraft encounter scenarios, where airplanes stick together and fly in parallel for an extended period. This parallel flight results in a te

Ali Azadbakht, Daniela J. Kraft

Lipid membrane deformations have been predicted to lead to indirect forces between the objects that induce these deformations. Recent experimental measurements have found an attractive interaction between spherical particles that all induce a deformation towards the inside of a giant unilamellar vesicle. Here, we complement these experimental observations by

Xuesong Wang, Shuo Yuan, Sharaf K. Magableh, Oraib Dawaghreh

The increasing frequency of extreme weather events poses significant risks to power distribution systems, leading to widespread outages and severe economic and social consequences. This paper presents a novel simulation framework for assessing and enhancing the resilience of power distribution networks under such conditions. Resilience is estimated through M

Sumit S. Kamat, T. Michael Seigler, Jesse B. Hoagg

This article presents a feedback control algorithm for electromagnetic formation flying with constraints on the satellites' states and control inputs. The algorithm combines several key techniques. First, we use alternating magnetic field forces to decouple the electromagnetic forces between each pair of satellites in the formation. Each satellite's electrom

CMS Collaboration

A standard model effective field theory (SMEFT) analysis with dimension-six operators probing nonresonant new physics effects is performed in the Higgs-strahlung process, where the Higgs boson is produced in association with a W or Z boson, in proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. The final states in which the W or Z boson decays lep

Zeyang Yu

In an empirical study of persuasion, researchers often use a binary instrument to encourage individuals to consume information and take some action. We show that, with a binary Imbens-Angrist instrumental variable model and the monotone treatment response assumption, it is possible to identify the joint distribution of potential outcomes among compliers. Thi

Tom Schaul

An agent trained within a closed system can master any desired capability, as long as the following three conditions hold: (a) it receives sufficiently informative and aligned feedback, (b) its coverage of experience/data is broad enough, and (c) it has sufficient capacity and resource. In this position paper, we justify these conditions, and consider what l

Nino Bašić, Ivan Damnjanović

A nut graph is a nontrivial simple graph whose adjacency matrix contains a one-dimensional null space spanned by a vector without zero entries. Moreover, an $\ell$-circulant graph is a graph that admits a cyclic group of automorphisms having $\ell$ vertex orbits of equal size. It is not difficult to observe that there exists no cubic $1$-circulant nut graph

Mitchell Curran, Robert Marangell

We use the Maslov index to study the eigenvalue problem arising from the linearisation about solitons in the fourth-order cubic nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation (NLSE). Our analysis is motivated by recent work by Bandara et al., in which the fourth-order cubic NLSE was shown to support infinite families of multipulse solitons. Using a homotopy argument, we p

Max Rubinstein, Denis Agniel, Larry Han, Marcela Horvitz-Lennon

In experimental and observational data settings, researchers often have limited knowledge of the reasons for missing outcomes. To address this uncertainty, we propose bounds on causal effects for missing outcomes, accommodating the scenario where missingness is an unobserved mixture of informative and non-informative components. Within this mixed missingness

Abdesselam Ferdi

Structured pruning is a widely employed strategy for accelerating deep convolutional neural networks (DCNNs). However, existing methods often necessitate modifications to the original architectures, involve complex implementations, and require lengthy fine-tuning stages. To address these challenges, we propose a novel physics-inspired approach that integrate

Andrea Pulita

We obtain Fuchs decomposition theorem for regular singular differential modules over a large class of differential rings. We provide a definition of regularity inspired by differential Galois theory and we deduce the classical equivalence with vector spaces endowed with an automorphism.

Wei-Ming Dai, Yin-Zhe Ma

The Generalized Needlet Internal Linear Combination (GNILC) method is a non-parametric component separation algorithm to remove the foreground contamination of the 21-cm intensity mapping data. In this work, we perform the Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT) along the frequency axis in the expanded GNILC framework (denoted eGNILC) which helps reduce the power lo

Kunyi Li, Michael Niemeyer, Zeyu Chen, Nassir Navab

Accurate meshing from monocular images remains a key challenge in 3D vision. While state-of-the-art 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) methods excel at synthesizing photorealistic novel views through rasterization-based rendering, their reliance on sparse, explicit primitives severely limits their ability to recover watertight and topologically consistent 3D surfa

Umar Sohail Qureshi, Raghav Kunnawalkam Elayavalli, Luke Mozarsky, Helen Caines

We present parameter sets corresponding to new underlying event tunes for the Herwig7.3 Monte Carlo event generator. The existing Herwig tunes are in good agreement with LHC data, however, they are not typically designed for center-of-mass energies below $\sqrt{s}=300$ GeV. The tunes presented in this study can describe mid-rapidity data collected at the nom

Xuesong Wang, Sharaf K. Magableh, Oraib Dawaghreh, Caisheng Wang

Virtual bidding plays an important role in two-settlement electric power markets, as it can reduce discrepancies between day-ahead and real-time markets. Renewable energy penetration increases volatility in electricity prices, making accurate forecasting critical for virtual bidders, reducing uncertainty and maximizing profits. This study presents a Transfor

Ismail Erbas, Vikas Pandey, Navid Ibtehaj Nizam, Nanxue Yuan

Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging (FLI) is a critical molecular imaging modality that provides unique information about the tissue microenvironment, which is invaluable for biomedical applications. FLI operates by acquiring and analyzing photon time-of-arrival histograms to extract quantitative parameters associated with temporal fluorescence decay. These histog

Eran Kaufman, Avivit levy

This paper introduces a novel XAI approach based on near-misses analysis (NMA). This approach reveals a hierarchy of logical 'concepts' inferred from the latent decision-making process of a Neural Network (NN) without delving into its explicit structure. We examined our proposed XAI approach on different network architectures that vary in size and shape (e.g

Fangmin Guo

We consider sums of Hurwitz class number $H_{m,M}(n)=\sum_{t\equiv m (\text{mod} M)}{H(4n-t^2)}$, where $H(N)$ denotes the Hurwitz class number. In this article, we consider the case of $M=7$. By completing the mixed mock modular form generated by $H_{m,7}(n)$, We obtain the formula of modular forms consist of a computable part and a part from newform 49.2.a

Agapi Rissaki, Ilias Fountalis, Nikolaos Vasiloglou, Wolfgang Gatterbauer

Large enterprise databases can be complex and messy, obscuring the data semantics needed for analytical tasks. We propose a semantic layer in-between the database and the user as a set of small and easy-to-interpret database views, effectively acting as a refined version of the schema. To discover these views, we introduce a multi-agent Large Language Model

Anna Josephson, Rodrigo Guerra Su, Greg Collins, Katharine Jacobs

The cost of the impacts of climate change have already proven to be larger than previously believed. Understanding the costs and benefits of adapting to the changing climate is necessary to make targeted and appropriate investment decisions. In this paper, we use a narrative review to synthesize the current literature on the economic case for climate adaptat

A. Bojtor, D. Krisztian, G. Parada, F. Korsos

Time-resolved photoconductivity is widely used to characterize non-equilibrium charge-carrier lifetime, impurity content, and solar cell efficiency in a broad range of semiconductors. Most measurements are limited to the detection of reflection of electromagnetic radiation at a single frequency and a single photoexciting light wavelength. We present a time-r

Mohsen Alizadeh Noghani, Edgar Bolívar-Nieto

The whole-body center of mass (CoM) plays an important role in quantifying human movement. Prediction of future CoM trajectory, modeled as a point mass under influence of external forces, can be a surrogate for inferring intent. Given the current CoM position and velocity, predicting the future CoM position by forward integration requires a forecast of CoM a

Pranava Seth, Deepak Mishra, Veena Iyer

This article describes the development of a novel U-Net-enhanced Wavelet Neural Operator (U-WNO),which combines wavelet decomposition, operator learning, and an encoder-decoder mechanism. This approach harnesses the superiority of the wavelets in time frequency localization of the functions, and the combine down-sampling and up-sampling operations to generat

Francisco Martín, Mariel Sáez, Raphael Tsiamis, Brian White

We complete the classification of semigraphical translators for mean curvature flow in $\mathbb{R}^3$ that was initiated by Hoffman-Mart\'in-White. Specifically, we show that there is no solution to the translator equation on the upper half-plane with alternating positive and negative infinite boundary values, and we prove the uniqueness of pitchfork and hel

Y. Azimi

Let $f:R\to S$ be a ring homomorphism and $J$ be an ideal of $S$. Then the subring $R\bowtie^fJ:=\{(r,f(r)+j)\mid r\in R$ and $j\in J\}$ of $R\times S$ is called the amalgamation of $R$ with $S$ along $J$ with respect to $f$. In this paper, we will deepen the study of the prime spectrum of the amalgamations and characterize when $R\bowtie^fJ$ is a pm-ring. W

Michael Lau, Xin Wang, Neha Patankar, Jesse D. Jenkins

Decarbonization provides new opportunities to plan energy systems for improved health, resilience, equity, and environmental outcomes, but challenges in siting and social acceptance of transition goals and targets threaten progress. Modelling to Generate Alternatives (MGA) provides an optimization method for capturing many near-cost-optimal system configurat

Mohamed Aimen Larbi, Slimane Zaim, Abdellah Touati

In this work, we derive non-commutative corrections to the Schwarzschild-Anti-de Sitter solution up to the first and second orders of the non-commutative parameter $\Theta$. Additionally, we obtain the corresponding deformed effective potentials and the non-commutative geodesic equations for massive particles. Through the analysis of time-like non-commutativ

Falah Jabar, Lill-Tove Rasmussen Busund, Biagio Ricciuti, Masoud Tafavvoghi

In recent years, the use of deep learning (DL) methods, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and vision transformers (ViTs), has significantly advanced computational pathology, enhancing both diagnostic accuracy and efficiency. Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Whole Slide Images (WSI) plays a crucial role by providing detailed tissue samples for the ana

Jake Zappin, Trevor Stalnaker, Oscar Chaparro, Denys Poshyvanyk

Recent advances in quantum computing have sparked excitement that this new computing paradigm could solve previously intractable problems. However, due to the faulty nature of current quantum hardware and quantum-intrinsic noise, the full potential of quantum computing is still years away. Hybrid quantum-classical computing has emerged as a possible compromi

D. Yu. Akimov, I. S. Alexandrov, V. A. Belov, A. I. Bolozdynya

RED-100 is a two-phase emission detector with an active volume containing 126~kg of liquid xenon. The detector was exposed to the antineutrino flux of about $1.4 \cdot 10^{13}~$cm$^{-2}$s$^{-1}$ at a distance of 19~m from the 3.1~GW Kalinin Nuclear Power Plant (KNPP) reactor core. The comparison of data from 331~kg$\cdot$days with the reactor on and 106~kg$\

Francesca Carocci, Leonid Monin, Navid Nabijou

We describe the Chow homology and cohomology of toric variety bundles, with no restrictions on the singularities of the fibre. We present the ordinary and equivariant homologies as modules over the cohomology of the base, identify the ordinary cohomology with homology-valued Minkowski weights, and identify the equivariant cohomology with cohomology-weighted

Daniel Canavello, C. Reichhardt, C. J. O Reichhardt, Clécio C. de Souza Silva

We numerically examine a system of monodisperse self-propelled particles interacting with each other via simple steric forces and aligning torques moving through a periodic array of obstacles. Without obstacles, this system shows a transition to a polarized or aligned state for critical alignment parameters. In the presence of obstacles, there is still a pol

Elena Axinn, Calvin Osborne, Kasso A. Okoudjou, Olivia Rigatti

We develop a theory of polynomials and, in particular, an analog of the theory of Legendre orthogonal polynomials on the bubble-diamond fractals, a class of fractal sets that can be viewed as the completion of a limit of a sequence of finite graph approximations. In this setting, a polynomial of degree $j$ can be viewed as a multiharmonic function, a solutio

James Newton

These are notes based on four lectures given at the Heidelberg spring school on non-archimedean geometry and eigenvarieties. None of the contents are original work. Our goal is to explain the construction of eigenvarieties in various different contexts, including the prototypical example of the Coleman--Mazur eigencurve. We will also discuss some of the comm

Remo Burn, Komal Bali, Caroline Dorn, Rafael Luque

The nature of sub-Neptunes remains unknown due to degeneracies in interior structure solutions. However, a statistical set of small planets with measured masses and radii can be used to test the planet formation theory prediction of large water reservoirs on sub-Neptunes. Here, we investigate whether water is included in photoevaporative mass loss and how mu

Tanmay Saha, Sahil, K. P. Athulya, Sibasish Ghosh

We derive a completely positive post-Markovian master equation (PMME) from a microscopic Markovian collisional model framework, incorporating bath memory effects via a probabilistic single-shot measurement approach. This phenomenological master equation is both analytically solvable and numerically tractable. Depending on the choice of the memory kernel func

Zequn Chen, Jiezhi Yang, Heng Yang

We present PreF3R, Pose-Free Feed-forward 3D Reconstruction from an image sequence of variable length. Unlike previous approaches, PreF3R removes the need for camera calibration and reconstructs the 3D Gaussian field within a canonical coordinate frame directly from a sequence of unposed images, enabling efficient novel-view rendering. We leverage DUSt3R's a

Yetli Rosas-Guevara, Silvia Bonoli, Ewald Puchwein, Massimo Dotti

We present a suite of zoom-in cosmological simulations of Milky Way-like galaxies with a prominent disc component and a strong bar in their centre, based on a subsample of barred galaxies from the TNG50 magneto-hydrodynamic simulation. We modify the physical models that regulate star formation, namely, supernova feedback and black hole quasar feedback, to ex

J. A. López-Saldívar, O. Castaños, S. Cordero, R. López-Peña

A parametrization of density matrices of $d$ dimensions in terms of the raising $J_+$ and lowering $J_-$ angular momentum operators is established together with an implicit connection with the generalized Bloch-GellMann parameters. A general expression for the density matrix of the composite system of angular momenta $j_1$ and $j_2$ is obtained. In this matr

Julian Knodt

Mesh reduction using quadric error metrics is the industry standard for producing level-of-detail (LOD) geometry for meshes. Although industry tools produce visually excellent LODs, mesh topology is often ruined during decimation. This is because tools focus on triangle simplification and preserving rendered appearance, whereas artists often produce quad dom

Samo Novák, David D. Roberts, Alexander Makarovskiy, Raúl García-Patrón

Loop-based boson samplers interfere photons in the time degree of freedom using a sequence of delay lines. Since they require few hardware components while also allowing for long-range entanglement, they are strong candidates for demonstrating quantum advantage beyond the reach of classical emulation. We propose a method to exploit this loop-based structure

Margaret Capetz, Swati Sharma, Rafael Padilha, Peder Olsen

Mitigating climate change requires transforming agriculture to minimize environ mental impact and build climate resilience. Regenerative agricultural practices enhance soil organic carbon (SOC) levels, thus improving soil health and sequestering carbon. A challenge to increasing regenerative agriculture practices is cheaply measuring SOC over time and unders

Jose M. Angulo, Francisco J. Esquivel, Ana E. Madrid, Francisco J. Alonso

Information Theory provides a fundamental basis for analysis, and for a variety of subsequent methodological approaches, in relation to uncertainty quantification. The transversal character of concepts and derived results justifies its omnipresence in scientific research, in almost every area of knowledge, particularly in Physics, Communications, Geosciences

Nazia Tasnim, Bryan A. Plummer

Incremental learning aims to adapt to new sets of categories over time with minimal computational overhead. Prior work often addresses this task by training efficient task-specific adaptors that modify frozen layer weights or features to capture relevant information without affecting predictions on previously learned categories. While these adaptors are gene

Pouya M. Kouch, Ioannis Liodakis, Francesco Fenu, Haocheng Zhang

The X-ray polarization observations made possible with the Imaging X-ray Polarimetry Explorer (IXPE) offer new ways of probing high-energy emission processes in astrophysical jets from blazars. Here we report on the first X-ray polarization observation of the blazar S4 0954+65 in a high optical and X-ray state. During our multi-wavelength campaign on the sou

Mrinal Dasgupta, Farid Hounat

In this article we study, via analytical methods, $1/Q$ non-perturbative power corrections to event shape mean values, addressing in particular the question of their interplay with soft perturbative emissions. Specifically we point out that energy-ordered soft perturbative emissions that precede a non-perturbative emission, give rise to terms of the form $\f

Sergey Khoperskov, Matthias Steinmetz, Misha Haywood, Glenn van de Ven

The stellar disc is the dominant luminous component of the Milky Way (MW). Although our understanding of its structure is rapidly expanding due to advances in large-scale stellar surveys, our picture of the MW disc remains substantially obscured by selection functions and incomplete spatial coverage of observational data. In this work, we present the compreh

Tejasi Bhatnagar

The purpose of this paper is to prove a local p-adic monodromy theorem for ordinary abelian surfaces and K3 surfaces with bad reduction in characteristic p. As an application, we get a finiteness result for the reduction of their Hecke orbits in the case of type II supersingular reduction.

Volker Hösel

This work explores new classes of nonstationary stochastic sequences associated with polynomial hypergroups. Their covariance structures are analyzed through positive definite kernels and corresponding Hilbert spaces. Novel consistent estimators are introduced for deriving covariance structures from sequence realizations. A comprehensive prediction theory is

Federico Cocchi, Nicholas Moratelli, Marcella Cornia, Lorenzo Baraldi

Multimodal LLMs (MLLMs) are the natural extension of large language models to handle multimodal inputs, combining text and image data. They have recently garnered attention due to their capability to address complex tasks involving both modalities. However, their effectiveness is limited to the knowledge acquired during training, which restricts their practi

Bo Peng, Nilanjan Roy, Guangyue Ji, Bo Yang

We theoretically show that the continuous magnetic translational invariance within the Hilbert (sub-)space of a single Landau level (LL) can persist even in the presence of a superlattice electrostatic potential modulation, while such invariance is broken in the full real-space Hilbert space. This is due to the interplay of the superlattice constant and the

Valentin Boyanov, Vitor Cardoso, Kostas D. Kokkotas, Jaime Redondo-Yuste

We study the dynamical response of viscous materials to gravitational waves, in the context of a fully relativistic theory of fluid dynamics. For the first time, we calculate oscillation modes and scattering properties of viscous stars. Viscous stars absorb high frequency radiation, following a dispersion relation introduced by Press. In the extremely large

Yi Chung

We investigate a theory of $SU(9)$ dark grand unification, where dark matter consists of asymmetric dark baryons from the $Sp(4)_D$ dark QCD sector. By unifying the dark color gauge group with the Standard Model gauge group, the asymmetry generation in both sectors originates from a common process that preserves a $U(1)_{D-(B-L)}$ symmetry, resulting in comp

Jack D. Shergold, Martin Spinrath

We propose a new method to constrain neutrino charges at neutrino beam experiments. Uncharged in the Standard Model, evidence for a neutrino electric charge would be a smoking gun for new physics, shedding light on the Dirac or Majorana nature of neutrinos, and giving insight into the origin of charge quantization. We find that using the most sensitive magne

Arihant Tiwari, M. Vivek

We present the results of applying anomaly detection algorithms to a quasar spectroscopic sub-sample from the SDSS DR16 Quasar Catalog, covering the redshift range 1.88 < z < 2.47. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed for dimensionality reduction of the quasar spectra, followed by hierarchical K-Means clustering in a 20-dimensional PCA eigenvector

David Pochik, Todd Thompson

When the core of a massive star collapses, neutrino heating can energize the stalled accretion shock, leading to a successful supernova. The critical condition that characterizes the transition from accretion to explosion is a central topic of study and is often characterized by a critical proto-neutron star (PNS) neutrino luminosity $L_\nu^{\rm crit}$, whic

Yongwei Chen, Yushi Lan, Shangchen Zhou, Tengfei Wang

Autoregressive models have demonstrated remarkable success across various fields, from large language models (LLMs) to large multimodal models (LMMs) and 2D content generation, moving closer to artificial general intelligence (AGI). Despite these advances, applying autoregressive approaches to 3D object generation and understanding remains largely unexplored

Viktor Skoupý, Vojtěch Witzany

The equations of motion of massive test particles near Kerr black holes are separable in Boyer-Lindquist coordinates, as established by Carter. This separability, however, is lost when the particles are endowed with classical spin. We show that separability of the equations of motion can be recovered to linear order in spin by a shift of the worldline derive

Ali Fatemiabhari, Carlos Nunez, Maurizio Piai, James Rucinski

We analyze the stability properties of a simple holographic model for a confining field theory. The gravity dual consists of an Abelian gauge field, with non-trivial magnetic flux, coupled to six-dimensional gravity with a negative cosmological constant. We construct a one-parameter family of regular solitonic solutions, where the gauge field carries flux al

T. Pasini, V. H. Mahatma, M. Brienza, K. Kolokythas

Galaxy clusters and groups are the last link in the chain of hierarchical structure formation. Their environments can be significantly affected by outbursts from AGN, especially in groups where the medium density is lower and the gravitational potential shallower. The interaction between AGN and group weather can therefore greatly impact their evolution. We

Hisham Sati, Urs Schreiber

We observe that there is a rigorous derivation of (abelian) anyonic quantum states, hence of "topological order", on the 1+2-dimensional fixed locus of M5-probes wrapped over a trivially Seifert-fibered 3-orbifold singularity. Similar statements have previously been conjectured by appeal to the unknown dynamics of "coincident" M5-branes, but neglecting effec

Roopayan Ghosh, Madhumita Sarkar, Ivan M. Khaymovich

Typically, metallic systems localized under strong disorder exhibit a transition to \imk{delocalization} %finite conduction as kinetic terms increase. In this work, we reveal the opposite effect~--~increasing kinetic terms leads to an unexpected \imk{reduction of mobility, }%suppression of conductivity, enhancing localization of the system, and even lead to

Hao-Jui Kuan, Kenta Kiuchi, Masaru Shibata

We investigate the tidal resonance of the fundamental ($f$-)mode in spinning neutron stars, robustly tracing the onset of the excitation to its saturation, using numerical relativity for the first time. We performed long-term ($\approx15$~orbits) fully relativistic simulations of a merger of two highly and retrogradely spinning neutron stars. The resonance w

Sen Wang, Dandan Xu, Shengdong Lu

We study the influence of the ambient large-scale cold-gas vorticity on the specific star formation rate (sSFR) of central galaxies with stellar masses of $10.0<\log\,M_{\ast}/\mathrm{M_{\odot}}<11.5$ at $z=0$, using the TNG100 simulation. The cold-gas vorticity defined and calculated for gas with $T_{\rm gas} < 2\times 10^4 \mathrm{K}$ and on scales of $\si

Matthias R. Gaberdiel, Vit Sriprachyakul

We propose that string theory on ${\rm AdS}_3 \times {\rm S}^3 \times {\rm S}^3 \times {\rm S}^1$ with $\textit{two}$ units of NS-NS flux through each of the two $3$-spheres is exactly dual to the symmetric orbifold of $2$ bosons and $8$ free fermions. Here, one of the two bosons describes the compact ${\rm S}^1$, while the other one corresponds to the radia

Pranav Nagarajan, Kareem El-Badry

Using stellar kinematic data from Gaia DR3, we revisit constraints on black hole (BH) natal kicks from observed accreting and detached BH binaries. We compare the space velocities and Galactic orbits of a sample of 12 BHs in the Galactic disk with well-constrained distances to their local stellar populations, for which we obtain proper motions and radial vel

Paz Beniamini, Zorawar Wadiasingh, Aaron Trigg, Cecilia Chirenti

Magnetar Giant Flares (MGFs) are the most energetic non-catastrophic transients known to originate from stellar objects. The first discovered events were nearby. In recent years, several extragalactic events have been identified, implying an extremely high volumetric rate. We show that future instruments with a sensitivity $\lesssim 5\times 10^{-9}$ erg cm$^

Shi Chen, Evgenii Ievlev, Mikhail Shifman

We study multiplicities and junctions of BPS domain walls interpolating between different chiral vacua in $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric QCD (SQCD) with the SU$(N)$ gauge group and a varying number of fundamental quarks. Depending on the number of flavors $F$, two distinct classes of {\em degenerate} domain walls emerge: (i) locally distinguishable, i.e., th

Christopher Cedzich, Jake Fillman

We introduce a Floquet quasicrystal that simulates the motion of Bloch electrons in a homogeneous magnetic field in discrete time steps. We admit the hopping to be non-reciprocal which, via a generalized Aubry duality, leads us to push the phase that parametrizes the synthetic dimension off of the real axis. This breaks unitarity, but we show that the model

SangEun Han, Shouryya Ray, Igor F. Herbut

We investigate the relativistic SO(2)- and SO(3)-invariant Gross-Neveu-Yukawa field theories for real, rank-two, symmetric, traceless tensor order parameters coupled to $N_{\text{f}}$ flavors of two-component Dirac fermions. These field theories arise as an effective description of fractionalized spin-orbital liquids. The two theories are the simplest and sp

Jaime Redondo-Yuste

Viscous fluids can dissipate and alter the propagation of gravitational waves, as well as modify the relaxation and stability properties of self-gravitating fluids. This is particularly relevant in order to understand the relaxation to equilibrium of neutron stars, and their gravitational wave emission. Here we study the linearized theory of perturbations of

M. C. Gonzalez-Garcia, Michele Maltoni, João Paulo Pinheiro

We perform a global analysis of most up-to-date solar neutrino data and KamLAND reactor antineutrino data in the framework of the 3+1 sterile neutrino mixing scenario (invoked to explain the results of the Gallium source experiments) with the aim of quantifying the dependence of the (in)compatibility of the required mixing with assumptions on the initial flu

Brandon S. Hensley

For aspherical interstellar dust grains aligned with their short axes preferentially parallel to the local magnetic field, the amount of extinction per grain is larger when the magnetic field is along the line of sight and smaller when in the plane of the sky. To the extent that optical extinction arises from both aligned and unaligned grain populations with

Anniek J. Gloudemans, Frits Sweijen, Leah K. Morabito, Emanuele Paolo Farina

We present the discovery of a large extended radio jet associated with the extremely radio-loud quasar J1601+3102 at $z\sim5$ from sub-arcsecond resolution imaging at 144 MHz with the LOFAR International Telescope. These large radio lobes have been argued to remain elusive at $z>4$ due to energy losses in the synchrotron emitting plasma as a result of scatte

Ritabrata Bhattacharya, Abhay Katyal, Oscar Varela

We present a new gauging of maximal supergravity in five spacetime dimensions with gauge group containing ISO(5), involving the local scaling symmetry of the metric, and admitting a supersymmetric anti-de Sitter vacuum. We show this maximal supergravity to arise by consistent truncation of M-theory on the (non-spherical, non-parallelisable) six-dimensional g

Ian J. M. Crossfield, Alex S. Polanski, Paul Robertson, Joseph Akana Murphy

Sub-Neptunes - volatile-rich exoplanets smaller than Neptune - are intrinsically the most common type of planet known. However, the formation and nature of these objects, as well as the distinctions between sub-classes (if any), remain unclear. Two powerful tools to tease out the secrets of these worlds are measurements of (i) atmospheric composition and str

Jacob S. Feder, Benjamin S. Soloway, Shreya Verma, Zhi Z. Geng

Optically-addressable spin qubits form the foundation of a new generation of emerging nanoscale sensors. The engineering of these sensors has mainly focused on solid-state systems such as the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center in diamond. However, NVs are restricted in their ability to interface with biomolecules due to their bulky diamond host. Meanwhile, fluores