December 2024 arXiv papers — page 183

K. B. Alkalaev, V. S. Khiteev

We find a holographic reconstruction formula for gravitational Wilson line network operators in AdS$_2$ evaluated between Ishibashi states of the algebra $sl(2,\mathbb{R})$. It is given in integral form where the integrand is the global conformal block multiplied by a smearing function which is the product of the scalar bulk-to-boundary propagators. The inte

Sergey Luchinin, Svetlana Puzynina, Michaël Rao

A problem of reconstructing words from their subwords involves determining the minimum amount of information needed, such as multisets of scattered subwords of a specific length or the frequency of scattered subwords from a given set, in order to uniquely identify a word. In this paper we show that a cyclic word on a binary alphabet can be reconstructed by i

Min Jiang, Haowen Su, Yifan Chen, Man Jiao

Numerous theories have postulated the existence of exotic spin-dependent interactions beyond the Standard Model of particle physics. Spin-based quantum sensors, which utilize the quantum properties of spins to enhance measurement precision, emerge as powerful tools for probing these exotic interactions. These sensors encompass a wide range of technologies, s

Yannis Valentin Schmutz, Tetiana Kravchenko, Souhir Ben Souissi, Mascha Kurpicz-Briki

This paper explores the integration of generative AI into the field of art therapy. Leveraging proven text-to-image models, we introduce a novel technical design to complement art therapy. The resulting AI-based tools shall enable patients to refine and customize their creative work, opening up new avenues of expression and accessibility. Using three illustr

Jia-Ao Peng, Chu-Dan Qiu, Wen-Long Ma, Jun-Wei Luo

Quantum control allows a wide range of quantum operations employed in molecular physics, nuclear magnetic resonance and quantum information processing. Thanks to the existing microelectronics industry, semiconducting qubits, where quantum information is encoded in spin or charge degree freedom of electrons or nuclei in semiconductor quantum dots, constitute

Klaus M. Frahm, Dima L. Shepelyansky

We analyze the Google matrix of directed networks of Wikipedia articles related to 8 recent Wikipedia language editions representing different cultures (English, Arabic, German, Spanish, French, Italian, Russian, Chinese). Using the reduced Google matrix algorithm we determine relations and interactions of 23 society concepts and 17 religions represented by

Isabella Masina, Mariano Quiros

For the central values of the relevant experimental inputs, that is the strong coupling constant and the top quark and Higgs masses, the effective Higgs potential displays two minima, one at the electroweak scale and a deeper one at high energies. We review the phenomenology of the Higgs inflation model, extending the Standard Model to include a non-minimal

Biqi Chen, Ying Wang

Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) has received increasing research attention due to its capability to analyze and model complex dynamical systems. However, it faces challenges in computational efficiency, noise sensitivity, and difficulty adhering to physical laws, which negatively affect its performance. Addressing these issues, we present Online Physics-inf

Andreas Müller, Denis Lukovnikov, Jonas Thietke, Asja Fischer

Integrating watermarking into the generation process of latent diffusion models (LDMs) simplifies detection and attribution of generated content. Semantic watermarks, such as Tree-Rings and Gaussian Shading, represent a novel class of watermarking techniques that are easy to implement and highly robust against various perturbations. However, our work demonst

Valeria Chiadò Piat, Virginia De Cicco, Anderson Melchor Hernandez

In this work, we study the relaxation of a degenerate functional with linear growth, depending on a weight $w$ that does not exhibit doubling or Muckenhoupt-type conditions. In order to obtain an explicit representation of the relaxed functional and its domain, our main tools for are Sobolev inequalities with double weight.

Daniil S. Buzin, Pavel S. Pankin, Dmitrii N. Maksimov, Vitaly S. Sutormin

A comprehensive approach for simulating lasing dynamics in a liquid crystal based laser is presented. The approach takes into account the transformation of the liquid crystal structure caused by applied voltage. In particular, it allows us to explicitly account for a resonant mode frequency shift in the laser equations. The laser dynamic is described by a se

Kabuto Arai, Koji Ishibashi

This paper proposes a channel estimation method for hybrid wideband multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) systems in high-frequency bands, including millimeter-wave (mmWave) and sub-terahertz (sub-THz), in the presence of beam squint effects and array errors arising from hardware impairments and environmental time fluctuations such as thermal effects and dyn

Arnaud Bersier, Matteo Leonforte, Alessio Vanetta, Sarah Lia Andrea Wotke

The development of robotic grippers and hands for automation aims to emulate human dexterity without sacrificing the efficiency of industrial grippers. This study introduces Rotograb, a tendon-actuated robotic hand featuring a novel rotating thumb. The aim is to combine the dexterity of human hands with the efficiency of industrial grippers. The rotating thu

Philip Kenneweg, Raghuram Dandinasivara, Xiao Luo, Barbara Hammer

In this paper, we introduce the first diffusion model designed to generate complete synthetic human genotypes, which, by standard protocols, one can straightforwardly expand into full-length, DNA-level genomes. The synthetic genotypes mimic real human genotypes without just reproducing known genotypes, in terms of approved metrics. When training biomedically

Martiño Rivera-Dourado, Christos Xenakis, Alejandro Pazos, Jose Vázquez-Naya

The adoption of FIDO2 authentication by major tech companies in web applications has grown significantly in recent years. However, we argue FIDO2 has broader potential applications. In this paper, we introduce EAP-FIDO, a novel Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) method for use in IEEE 802.1X-protected networks. This allows organisations with WPA2/3-Ent

Willem Gispen, Alberto Pérez de Alba Ortíz, Marjolein Dijkstra

Since the influential work of ten Wolde, Ruiz-Montero, and Frenkel [Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 2714 (1995)], crystal nucleation from a Lennard-Jones fluid has been regarded as a paradigmatic example of metastable crystal ordering at the surface of a critical nucleus. We apply seven commonly used local structure detection algorithms to characterize crystal nuclei o

Xinru Yu, Bin Guo, Shiwei Luo, Jie Wang

Causal Language Modeling (CLM) and Masked Language Modeling (MLM) are two mainstream learning paradigms based on Transformer networks, specifically the Decoder-only and Encoder-only architectures. The strengths of each paradigm in downstream tasks have shown a mix of advantages and disadvantages. In the past BabyLM Challenge 2023, although the MLM paradigm a

Santiago Fernández, José David Vega-Sánchez, Juan E. Galeote-Cazorla, F. Javier López-Martínez

Accurate channel modeling plays a pivotal role in optimizing communication systems, and fitting field measurements to stochastic models is crucial for capturing the key propagation features and to map these to achievable system performances. In this work, we shed light onto what's the most appropriate alternative for channel fitting, when the ultimate goal i

Jae Hwang Lee

A smooth projective toric variety $X=X_\Sigma$ has a geometric quotient description $V /\!/ T$. Using $2|1$-pointed quasimap invariants, one can define a quantum $H^*(T)$-module $QM(X)$, which deforms a natural module structure given by the Kirwan map $H^*(T) \rightarrow H^*(X)$. The Batyrev ring of $X$, defined from combinatorial data of the fan $\Sigma$, h

Léo Poyeton

Let $K$ be a finite extension of $\mathbf{Q}_p$ and let $\mathcal{G}_K = \mathrm{Gal}(\overline{\mathbf{Q}_p}/K)$. Lately, interest has risen around a generalization of the theory of $(\varphi,\Gamma)$-modules, replacing the cyclotomic extension with an arbitrary infinitely ramified $p$-adic Lie extension. Computations from Berger suggest that locally analyt

Zihao Yi, Zhe Xu, Ying Shen

Dialogue state tracking (DST) plays an essential role in task-oriented dialogue systems. However, user's input may contain implicit information, posing significant challenges for DST tasks. Additionally, DST data includes complex information, which not only contains a large amount of noise unrelated to the current turn, but also makes constructing DST datase

Xinling Liu, Jianjun Wang, Bangti Jin

The $\ell^1$ and total variation (TV) penalties have been used successfully in many areas, and the combination of the $\ell^1$ and TV penalties can lead to further improved performance. In this work, we investigate the mathematical theory and numerical algorithms for the $\ell^1$-TV model in the context of signal recovery: we derive the sample complexity of

Xiaopeng Sun, Qinwei Lin, Yu Gao, Yujie Zhong

Generative diffusion models (DM) have been extensively utilized in image super-resolution (ISR). Most of the existing methods adopt the denoising loss from DDPMs for model optimization. We posit that introducing reward feedback learning to finetune the existing models can further improve the quality of the generated images. In this paper, we propose a timest

Omar Ghazal, Wei Wang, Shahar Kvatinsky, Farhad Merchant

The increasing demand for processing large volumes of data for machine learning models has pushed data bandwidth requirements beyond the capability of traditional von Neumann architecture. In-memory computing (IMC) has recently emerged as a promising solution to address this gap by enabling distributed data storage and processing at the micro-architectural l

Linh Vu, Thu Tran

Given the global prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, there is a pressing need for easily accessible early screening methods. Typically, this requires medical practitioners to investigate heart auscultations for irregular sounds, followed by echocardiography and electrocardiography tests. To democratize early diagnosis, we present a user-friendly solution

Mateja Grašič, Chris Mouron, Andrej Taranenko

The strong vertex (edge) span of a given graph $G$ is the maximum distance that two players can maintain at all times while visiting all vertices (edges) of $G$ and moving either to an adjacent vertex or staying in the current position independently of each other. We introduce the notions of switching walks and triod size of a tree, which are used to determi

Subhrajit Sahoo, Praveen C. Srivastava

We investigated the evolution of shell structure at $N=32$ and 34 in neutron-rich nuclei beyond the stability line using realistic nuclear forces, employing the state-of-the-art valence-space in-medium similarity renormalization group method. The shell gaps are discussed from the excitation energies of the first $2^+$ states and the evolution of effective si

Jonathan Warne

A special inverse monoid is one defined by a presentation where all the defining relations have the form $r = 1$. By a result of Ivanov Margolis and Meakin the word problem for such an inverse monoid can often be reduced to the word problem in its maximal group image together with membership in a particular submonoid of that group, called the prefix monoid,

Fabian Schmidt, Markus Enzweiler, Abhinav Valada

Navigating outdoor environments with visual Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) systems poses significant challenges due to dynamic scenes, lighting variations, and seasonal changes, requiring robust solutions. While traditional SLAM methods struggle with adaptability, deep learning-based approaches and emerging neural radiance fields as well as Gau

Valery V. Ryzhikov

Let a flow $T_t$ preserve an ergodic probability measure $\mu$, $\int f\,d\mu=0$, and $\mu(A)>0$. Then for almost all $x\in A$, for which $f(x)\neq 0$, there is a sequence ${t_k}\to \infty$ such that $T_{t_k}x\in A$ and $\int_0^{t_k} f(T_sx)ds=0$.

Jessica Braudo, Noam Soker

We use a simple dynamical scheme to simulate the ejecta of type Ia supernova (SN Ia) scenarios with two exploding white dwarfs (WDs) and find that the velocity distribution of the ejecta has difficulties accounting for bimodal emission line profiles with a large separation between the two emission peaks. The essence of the dynamical code is in including the

Edoardo Daniele Cannas, Sara Mandelli, Nataša Popović, Ayman Alkhateeb

In this paper, we investigate the counter-forensic effects of the new JPEG AI standard based on neural image compression, focusing on two critical areas: deepfake image detection and image splicing localization. Neural image compression leverages advanced neural network algorithms to achieve higher compression rates while maintaining image quality. However,

Subhashish Banerjee

We discuss the impact of ideas of open quantum systems and quantum information to various facets of neutrino and neutral meson oscillations. These oscillations are characterized by a number of quantum correlations, both spatial as well as temporal. For neutrinos, the correlations are shown to be simple functions of the product of neutrino survival and oscill

Mianchu Wang, Yue Jin, Giovanni Montana

Offline reinforcement learning (RL) seeks to learn optimal policies from static datasets without interacting with the environment. A common challenge is handling multi-modal action distributions, where multiple behaviours are represented in the data. Existing methods often assume unimodal behaviour policies, leading to suboptimal performance when this assump

Tyler L. Kelly, John Voight

We revisit certain one-parameter families of affine covers arising naturally from Euler's integral representation of hypergeometric functions. We introduce a partial compactification of this family. We show that the zeta function of the fibers in the family can be written as an explicit product of $L$-series attached to nondegenerate hypergeometric motives a

Daniel Hård, Mathias Wallin, Matti Ristinmaa

When electrically stimulated, electroactive polymers (EAPs) respond with mechanical deformation. The goal of this work is to design electrode and EAP layouts simultaneously in structures by using density-based, multi-material topology optimization. In this novel approach the layout of electrodes and EAP material are not given a priori but is a result from th

Qingdong He, Jinlong Peng, Pengcheng Xu, Boyuan Jiang

To enhance the controllability of text-to-image diffusion models, current ControlNet-like models have explored various control signals to dictate image attributes. However, existing methods either handle conditions inefficiently or use a fixed number of conditions, which does not fully address the complexity of multiple conditions and their potential conflic

Artur Kopitca, Shahriar Haeri, Quan Zhou

Non-contact manipulation is a promising methodology in robotics, offering a wide range of scientific and industrial applications. Among the proposed approaches, airflow stands out for its ability to project across considerable distances and its flexibility in actuating objects of varying materials, sizes, and shapes. However, predicting airflow fields at a d

Juhao Liang, Zhenyang Cai, Jianqing Zhu, Huang Huang

The alignment of large language models (LLMs) is critical for developing effective and safe language models. Traditional approaches focus on aligning models during the instruction tuning or reinforcement learning stages, referred to in this paper as `post alignment'. We argue that alignment during the pre-training phase, which we term `native alignment', war

Nozomu Masuya, Hiroshi Sato, Koki Yamane, Takuya Kusume

Because imitation learning relies on human demonstrations in hard-to-simulate settings, the inclusion of force control in this method has resulted in a shortage of training data, even with a simple change in speed. Although the field of data augmentation has addressed the lack of data, conventional methods of data augmentation for robot manipulation are limi

Andrzej Indrzejczak, Nils Kürbis

We present a sequent calculus for first-order logic with lambda terms and definite descriptions. The theory formalised by this calculus is essentially Russellian, but avoids some of its well known drawbacks and treats definite description as genuine terms. A constructive proof of the cut elimination theorem and a Henkin-style proof of completeness are the ma

Haoran Yin, Anna V. Kononova, Thomas Bäck, Niki van Stein

The integration of Large Language Models (LLMs) with evolutionary computation (EC) has introduced a promising paradigm for automating the design of metaheuristic algorithms. However, existing frameworks, such as the Large Language Model Evolutionary Algorithm (LLaMEA), often lack precise control over mutation mechanisms, leading to inefficiencies in solution

Sizhe Xing, Aolong Sun, Chengxi Wang, Yizhi Wang

The rapid advancement of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in recent years has profoundly reshaped modern lifestyles, necessitating a revolutionary architecture to support the growing demands for computational power. Cloud computing has become the driving force behind this transformation. However, it consumes significant power and faces computation sec

Wenjie Sun, Xiaoyu Li, Lianhui Yu, Zhigang Wang

Quantum circuit mapping is a critical process in quantum computing that involves adapting logical quantum circuits to adhere to hardware constraints, thereby generating physically executable quantum circuits. Current quantum circuit mapping techniques, such as solver-based methods, often encounter challenges related to slow solving speeds due to factors like

Yiwu Zhong, Zhuoming Liu, Yin Li, Liwei Wang

Large language models (LLMs) have enabled the creation of multi-modal LLMs that exhibit strong comprehension of visual data such as images and videos. However, these models usually rely on extensive visual tokens from visual encoders, leading to high computational demands, which limits their applicability in resource-constrained environments and for long-con

Milos Katanic, Gregor Verbic, John Lygeros, Gabriela Hug

In regions with high shares of distributed energy resources (DERs), massive disconnection of small-scale DERs in low-voltage distribution grids during disturbances poses a serious threat to power system security. However, modeling this effect in a computationally efficient way remains challenging. This paper proposes a novel proportional-integral aggregate m

Kanha Behera, Rahul Maurya, P. Muthukumar

Let $H^\infty$ denote the algebra of all bounded analytic functions on the unit disk. It is well-known that every (algebra) automorphism of $H^\infty$ is a composition operator induced by disc automorphism. Maurya et al., (J. Math. Anal. Appl. 530 : Paper No: 127698, 2024) proved that every automorphism of the subalgebras $\{f\in H^\infty : f(0) = 0\}$ or $\

K. Khelifa-Kerfa

We compute the leading clustering (abelian non-global) logarithms, which arise in the distribution of non-global QCD observables when final-state partons are clustered using the $k_t$ jet algorithm, up to six loops in perturbation theory. Our calculations are based on the recently introduced formula for the analytic structure of $k_t$ clustering [1]. These l

Samuel A. Giuliani, Gabriel Martínez-Pinedo, Andreas Bauswein, Vimal Vijayan

We investigate the impact of the model estimating the masses of exotic nuclei on r-process nucleosynthesis, assessing the dependence of the abundance distribution on the specific properties of nuclear masses. By decomposing theoretical nuclear mass predictions into a liquid-drop parametrization and local shell effects, we show that r-process abundances are v

Anastasiia Bezobrazova, Miriam Seghiri, Constantin Orasan

This paper compares the accuracy of the terms extracted using SketchEngine, TBXTools and ChatGPT. In addition, it evaluates the quality of the definitions produced by ChatGPT for these terms. The research is carried out on a comparable corpus of fashion magazines written in English and Russian collected from the web. A gold standard for the fashion terminolo

Josef Hloušek, Tobias Denzler, Vojtěch Švarc, Miroslav Ježek

Energy extraction from a measured quantum system is a cornerstone of information thermodynamics as illustrated by Maxwell's demon. The nonequilibrium physics of many-particle systems is additionally strongly influenced by quantum statistics. We here report the first experimental realization of a quantum demon in a many-particle photonic setup made of two ide

Haowen Bai, Jiangshe Zhang, Zixiang Zhao, Yichen Wu

Multi-modal image fusion aggregates information from multiple sensor sources, achieving superior visual quality and perceptual features compared to single-source images, often improving downstream tasks. However, current fusion methods for downstream tasks still use predefined fusion objectives that potentially mismatch the downstream tasks, limiting adaptiv

Michael Batanin, Boris Shoikhet

Let $A$ be a $1$-algebra. The Kontsevich Swiss Cheese conjecture [K2] states that the homotopy category $\mathrm{Ho}(\mathrm{Act}(A))$ of actions of $2$-algebras on $A$ has a final object and that this object is weakly equivalent to the pair $(\mathrm{Hoch}(A), A),$ where $\mathrm{Hoch}(A)$ is the Hochschild complex of $A$. Here the category of actions is th

Ebubechukwu Ike

While DALL-E 3 has gained popularity for its ability to generate creative and complex images from textual descriptions, its application in the domain of style transfer remains slightly underexplored. This project investigates the integration of DALL-E 3 with traditional neural style transfer techniques to assess the impact of generated style images on the qu

Sebastian Forster, Antonis Skarlatos

Given points from an arbitrary metric space and a sequence of point updates sent by an adversary, what is the minimum recourse per update (i.e., the minimum number of changes needed to the set of centers after an update), in order to maintain a constant-factor approximation to a $k$-clustering problem? This question has received attention in recent years und

Priyanka Mishra, Carmine Autieri

We present first-principles results on the electronic and magnetic properties of the cubic bulk $\beta$-phase of iron(III) oxide (Fe$_2$O$_3$). Given that all Fe-Fe magnetic couplings are expected to be antiferromagnetic within this high-symmetry crystal structure, the system may exhibit some signature of magnetic frustration, making it challenging to identi

Sara Billey, Matjaž Konvalinka

In this paper, we present new objects, quilts of alternating sign matrices with respect to two given posets. Quilts generalize several commonly used concepts in mathematics. For example, the rank function on submatrices of a matrix gives rise to a quilt with respect to two Boolean lattices. When the two posets are chains, a quilt is equivalent to an alternat

Sravanti Addepalli, Yerram Varun, Arun Suggala, Karthikeyan Shanmugam

Large Language Models (LLMs) are known to be susceptible to crafted adversarial attacks or jailbreaks that lead to the generation of objectionable content despite being aligned to human preferences using safety fine-tuning methods. While the large dimensionality of input token space makes it inevitable to find adversarial prompts that can jailbreak these mod

Ruimin Peng, Zhenbang Du, Changming Zhao, Jingwei Luo

Cross-subject electroencephalogram (EEG) based seizure subtype classification is very important in precise epilepsy diagnostics. Deep learning is a promising solution, due to its ability to automatically extract latent patterns. However, it usually requires a large amount of training data, which may not always be available in clinical practice. This paper pr

Viktor Berger, Andrea Nava, Jens H. Bardarson, Claudia Artiaco

Disorder can prevent many-body quantum systems from reaching thermal equilibrium, leading to a many-body localized phase. Recent works suggest that nonperturbative effects caused by rare regions of low disorder may destabilize the localized phase. However, numerical simulations of interacting systems are generically possible only for small system sizes, wher

Alva Kosasih, Özlem Tugfe Demir, Emil Björnson

This paper investigates coordinated beamforming using a modular linear array (MLA), composed of a pair of physically separated uniform linear arrays (ULAs), treated as sub-arrays. We focus on how such setups can give rise to near-field effects in 6G networks without requiring many antennas. Unlike conventional far-field beamforming, near-field beamforming en

Chirantan Chowdhury

This paper is part of a series of articles in which we reproduce the statements regarding the abstract six-functor formalism developed by Liu-Zheng. In this paper, we prove a theorem, which is an $\infty$-categorical version for defining the exceptional pushforward functor in an abstract-six functor formalism. The article describes specific combinatorial sim

Kunal Dutta, Indra Dasgupta

In this paper, we have proposed a novel route for the realisation of persistent spin texture (PST). We have shown from symmetry considerations that in non-polar chiral systems, bands with specific orbital characters around a high symmetry point with $D_{2}$ little group may admit a single spin dependent term in the low energy $\bf{k.p}$ model Hamiltonian tha

S. V. Grigoriev, V. E. Timofeev, D. N. Aristov

Stability boundaries of the skyrmion lattice in non-centrosymmetric bulk ferromagnets with the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction in external magnetic field are discussed. We compare the classical energies of the spin configuration of the conical helix and skyrmion lattice within the framework of the stereographic projection approach. It is well known that at

Mario Amrein

The need to control the residual of a potentially nonlinear function $\mathcal{F}$ arises in several situations in mathematics. For example, computing the zeros of a given map, or the reduction of some cost function during an optimization process are such situations. In this note, we discuss the existence of a curve $t\mapsto x(t)$ in the domain of the nonli

Jean-Michel Benkert, Igor Letina

We provide a model of investment in innovation that is dynamic, features multiple heterogeneous research projects of which only one potentially leads to success, and in each period, the researcher chooses the set of projects to invest in. We show that if a search for innovation starts, it optimally does not end until the innovation is found -- which will be

Ashwin Gopal, Nahuel Freitas, Massimiliano Esposito

We extend the principles of information thermodynamics to study energy and information exchanges between coupled systems composed of one part undergoing a Markov jump process and another underdamped diffusion. We derive integral fluctuation theorems for the partial entropy production of each subsystem and analyze two distinct regimes. First, when the inertia

Xiaohe Ma, Valentin Deschaintre, Miloš Hašan, Fujun Luan

High-quality material generation is key for virtual environment authoring and inverse rendering. We propose MaterialPicker, a multi-modal material generator leveraging a Diffusion Transformer (DiT) architecture, improving and simplifying the creation of high-quality materials from text prompts and/or photographs. Our method can generate a material based on a

Ziwei Wang, Siyang Li, Jingwei Luo, Jiajing Liu

A brain-computer interface (BCI) enables direct communication between the human brain and external devices. Electroencephalography (EEG) based BCIs are currently the most popular for able-bodied users. To increase user-friendliness, usually a small amount of user-specific EEG data are used for calibration, which may not be enough to develop a pure data-drive

Chanyeol Choi, Junseong Kim, Seolhwa Lee, Jihoon Kwon

This report explores the enhancement of text retrieval performance using advanced data refinement techniques. We develop Linq-Embed-Mistral\footnote{\url{https://huggingface.co/Linq-AI-Research/Linq-Embed-Mistral}} by building on the E5-mistral and Mistral-7B-v0.1 models, focusing on sophisticated data crafting, data filtering, and negative mining methods, w

Gabriela Calistro-Rivera, Oliver Heirich, Amita Shrestha, Agnes Ferenczi

The EAGLE-1 mission aims to develop Europe's first sovereign, end-to-end space-based quantum key distribution (QKD) system. The mission is led by the European Space Agency (ESA) and SES in collaboration with several European National Space Agencies and private partners. The state-of-the-art QKD system will consist of a payload on board the EAGLE-1 low Earth

Benedict Tohermes, Sophie Verclas, Roman Schnabel

Squeezed vacuum states of light with bandwidths in the gigahertz range are required for ultrafast quantum sensors, for high-bandwidth QKD and for optical quantum computers. Here we present squeeze factors of monolithic periodically poled KTP (ppKTP) resonators measured with two laboratory-built balanced homodyne detectors with gigahertz bandwidth. We realise

Minghao Shao, Abdul Basit, Ramesh Karri, Muhammad Shafique

Large Language Models (LLMs) represent a class of deep learning models adept at understanding natural language and generating coherent responses to various prompts or queries. These models far exceed the complexity of conventional neural networks, often encompassing dozens of neural network layers and containing billions to trillions of parameters. They are

Hiroki Sakamoto, Masahiko Taniguchi

Cartan $F(R)$ gravity introduces the equivalent scalar-tensor theory by extending the gravity sector. From the solution of the modified Cartan equation leads to the interaction with the scalar field and the fermion. We derived the effective potential of the scalar field using the auxiliary field method, which is commonly used in studies of spontaneous chiral

Alkistis Aikaterini Sigourou, Zoya Dyka, Sze Hei Li, Peter Langendoerfer

Elliptic Curve Scalar Multiplication denoted as kP operation is the basic operation in all Elliptic Curve based cryptographic protocols. The atomicity principle and different atomic patterns for kP algorithms were proposed in the past as countermeasures against simple side-channel analysis. In this work, we investigated the resistance of a kP algorithm imple

Alexis Du, Thomas Renault

Social media usage is often cited as a potential driver behind the rising suicide rates. However, distinguishing the causal effect - whether social media increases the risk of suicide - from reverse causality, where individuals already at higher risk of suicide are more likely to use social media, remains a significant challenge. In this paper, we use an ins

Karin Baur, Charlie Beil

A ghor algebra is a path algebra with relations of a dimer quiver in a compact surface. We show that the global dimension of any cyclic localization of a geodesic ghor algebra on a genus $g \geq 1$ surface is bounded above by $2g+1$.This number coincides with the Krull dimension of the center of the ghor algebra. We further show that the bound is an equality

Kai-Sa Qiao, Bing-Song Zou

We explore various $\Lambda_c$ states, including $\Lambda_c$, $\Lambda_c(2595)$, $\Lambda_c(2940)$, and the predicted $(\bar{D}N)$ hadronic molecular states, in photoproduction and electroproduction to estimate their yields at EicC and EIC. Assuming $\Lambda_c(2940)$ as either a hadronic molecular state or a three-quark state, our analysis demonstrates that

Marcin Przewięźlikowski, Randall Balestriero, Wojciech Jasiński, Marek Śmieja

Masked Image Modeling (MIM) has emerged as a promising approach for Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) of visual representations. However, the out-of-the-box performance of MIMs is typically inferior to competing approaches. Most users cannot afford fine-tuning due to the need for large amounts of data, high GPU consumption, and specialized user knowledge. There

Ginés Carreto Picón, Illia Oleksiienko, Lukas Hedegaard, Arian Bakhtiarnia

Transformers are widely used for their ability to capture data relations in sequence processing, with great success for a wide range of static tasks. However, the computational and memory footprint of their main component, i.e., the Scaled Dot-product Attention, is commonly overlooked. This makes their adoption in applications involving stream data processin

Guangda Liu, Chengwei Li, Jieru Zhao, Chenqi Zhang

Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely deployed in a variety of applications, and the context length is rapidly increasing to handle tasks such as long-document QA and complex logical reasoning. However, long context poses significant challenges for inference efficiency, including high memory costs of key-value (KV) cache and increased latency due to

Lingfei Deng, Changming Zhao, Zhenbang Du, Kun Xia

Semi-supervised domain adaptation (SSDA) aims at training a high-performance model for a target domain using few labeled target data, many unlabeled target data, and plenty of auxiliary data from a source domain. Previous works in SSDA mainly focused on learning transferable representations across domains. However, it is difficult to find a feature space whe

Aditi Bhatnagar, Avijeet Prasad, Luc Rouppe van der Voort, Daniel Nóbrega-Siverio

Quiet-Sun Ellerman bombs (QSEBs) are small-scale magnetic reconnection events in the lower atmosphere of the quiet Sun. Recent work has shown that a small percentage of them can occur co-spatially and co-temporally to ultraviolet (UV) brightenings in the transition region. We aim to understand how the magnetic topologies associated with closely occurring QSE

Jorge Vila-Tomás, Pablo Hernández-Cámara, Valero Laparra, Jesús Malo

Human vision models are at the core of image processing. For instance, classical approaches to the problem of image quality are based on models that include knowledge about human vision. However, nowadays, deep learning approaches have obtained competitive results by simply approaching this problem as regression of human decisions, and training an standard n

F. Achleitner, C. M. Cuesta, X. Diez-Izagirre

We study travelling wave solutions of a generalised Korteweg-de Vries-Burgers equation with a non-local diffusion term and a concave-convex flux. This model equation arises in the analysis of a shallow water flow by performing formal asymptotic expansions associated to the triple-deck regularisation (which is an extension of classical boundary layer theory).

Jennifer Aldama, Samael Sarmiento, Luis Trigo Vidarte, Sebastian Etcheverry

Developing quantum key distribution (QKD) systems using monolithic photonic integrated circuits (PICs) can accelerate their adoption by a wide range of markets, thanks to the potential reduction in size, complexity of the overall system, power consumption, and production cost. In this work, we design, fabricate and characterize an InP-based PIC transmitter f

Javiera Gutiérrez-Ramírez, David Salas, Victor Verdugo

Opinion and belief dynamics are a central topic in the study of social interactions through dynamical systems. In this work, we study a model where, at each discrete time, all the agents update their opinion as an average of their intrinsic opinion and the opinion of their neighbors. While it is well-known how to compute the stable opinion state for a given

Moritz Pflüger, Daniel Brunner, Tobias Heuser, James A. Lott

We present experiments on reservoir computing (RC) using a network of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) that we diffractively couple via an external cavity. Our optical reservoir computer consists of 24 physical VCSEL nodes. We evaluate the system's memory and solve the 2-bit XOR task and the 3-bit header recognition (HR) task with bit error r

Konstantin Chernyshev, Vitaliy Polshkov, Ekaterina Artemova, Alex Myasnikov

The current evaluation of mathematical skills in LLMs is limited, as existing benchmarks are either relatively small, primarily focus on elementary and high-school problems, or lack diversity in topics. Additionally, the inclusion of visual elements in tasks remains largely under-explored. To address these gaps, we introduce U-MATH, a novel benchmark of 1,10

Henning Rudolph, Uroš Delić, Klaus Hornberger, Benjamin A. Stickler

Optical binding refers to the light-induced interaction between two or more objects illuminated by laser fields. The high tunability of the strength, sign, and reciprocity of this interaction renders it highly attractive for controlling nanoscale mechanical motion. Here, we discuss the quantum theory of optical binding and identify unique signatures of this

Felix Cherubini, Thierry Coquand, Freek Geerligs, Hugo Moeneclaey

The language of homotopy type theory has proved to be appropriate as an internal language for various higher toposes, for example with Synthetic Algebraic Geometry for the Zariski topos. In this paper we apply such techniques to the higher topos corresponding to the light condensed sets of Dustin Clausen and Peter Scholze. This seems to be an appropriate set

Mostafa Vahdani, Moein Fakhari, Franz X. Kaertner

Dielectric loaded waveguides (DLWs) driven by multicycle terahertz (THz) pulses hold great promise as compact linear accelerators (LINACs) due to their ability to sustain higher breakdown fields at THz frequencies compared to conventional RF components. Precise control of the THz pulse's phase and group velocities within the DLW can be achieved by adjusting

Eduardo Brito, Fernando Castillo, Pille Pullonen-Raudvere, Sebastian Werner

Software services play a crucial role in daily life, with automated actions determining access to resources and information. Trusting service providers to perform these actions fairly and accurately is essential, yet challenging for users to verify. Even with publicly available codebases, the rapid pace of development and the complexity of modern deployments

Shuai Wang, Huiyan Kong, Baotian Li, Fa Zheng

Effective defect detection is critical for ensuring the quality, functionality, and economic value of textile products. However, existing methods face challenges in achieving high accuracy, real-time performance, and efficient global information extraction. To address these issues, we propose Fab-ME, an advanced framework based on YOLOv8s, specifically desig

Stefan Mengel, Harry Vinall-Smeeth

Motivated by recent connections to factorised databases, we analyse the efficiency of representations by context free grammars (CFGs). Concretely, we prove a recent conjecture by Kimelfeld, Martens, and Niewerth (ICDT 2025), that for finite languages representations by general CFGs can be doubly-exponentially smaller than those by unambiguous CFGs. To do so,

Jingchi Huang, Chao Wang, Jingchao Yue, Zhifei Zhang

In this paper, we investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions to the Navier-Stokes equations in the half-plane under high Reynolds number conditions, where the initial vorticity belongs to the Yudovich class and is supported away from the boundary. We establish the $L^p$ ($2\leq p< \infty$) convergence of solutions from the Navier-Stokes equations to th

Josep Batle, Tomasz Białecki, Tomasz Rybotycki, Adam Bednorz

We propose a device-independent null witness dimensionality test with bipartite measurements and input from two separate parties. The dimension is determined from the rank of the matrix of measurements for pairs of states prepared by the parties. We have applied the test to various IBM Quantum devices. The results demonstrate extreme precision of the test, w

Yang Liu, Rong Wang, Zaiba Mushtaq, Ye Tian

Searching dark portal particle is a hot topic in particle physics frontier. We present a simulation study of an experiment targeted for searching the scalar portal particle at Huizhou $\eta$ factory. The HIAF high-intensity proton beam and a high event-rate spectrometer are suggested for the experiment aimed for the discovery of new physics. Under the conser

Mohamed Abou-Taleb, Maximilian Raff, Kathrin Flaßkamp, C. David Remy

Trajectory optimization is a widely used tool in the design and control of dynamical systems. Typically, not only nonlinear dynamics, but also couplings of the initial and final condition through implicit boundary constraints render the optimization problem non-convex. This paper investigates how the Koopman operator framework can be utilized to solve trajec

Stefan Pietrusky

The unequal distribution of educational opportunities carries the risk of having a long-term negative impact on general social peace, a country's economy and basic democratic structures. In contrast to this observable development is the rapid technological progress in the field of artificial intelligence (AI). Progress makes it possible to solve various prob