December 2024 arXiv papers — page 68

Edcarlos D. Silva, J. L. A. Oliveira, C. Goulart

It is established existence of solution with prescribed $L^p$ norm for the following nonlocal elliptic problem: \begin{equation*} \left\{\begin{array}{cc} \displaystyle (-\Delta)^s_p u\ +\ V (x) |u|^{p-2}u\ = \lambda |u|^{p - 2}u + \beta\left|u\right|^{q-2}u\ \hbox{in}\ \mathbb{R}^N, \displaystyle \|u\|_p^p = m^p,\ u \in W^{s, p}(\mathbb{R}^N). \end{array}\r

Alexander Lenz, Ali Mohamed, Zachary Wüthrich

The $B$-Mesogenesis model explains the matter-antimatter asymmetry and leads to the right amount of dark matter in the Universe. In particular, this model predicts new decay channels of the $b$ quark. We investigate the modification of inclusive $b$-hadron decay rates and of the lifetimes of different $B$ mesons due to these new decay channels and compare ou

Yong Chen Goh, Wuu Kuang Soh, Andrew C. Parnell, Keefe Murphy

Dealing with missing data poses significant challenges in predictive analysis, often leading to biased conclusions when oversimplified assumptions about the missing data process are made. In cases where the data are missing not at random (MNAR), jointly modeling the data and missing data indicators is essential. Motivated by a real data application with part

Pierre-François Loos, Sara Giarrusso

Building on our recent study [https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02052, J. Phys. Chem. Lett. 14, 8780 (2023)], we explore the generalization of the ground-state Kohn-Sham (KS) formalism of density-functional theory (DFT) to the (singlet) excited states of the asymmetric Hubbard dimer at half-filling. While we found that the KS-DFT framework can be straigh

Mathew Yastremski, Paul J. Godin, Nouralhoda Bayat, Sungeun Oh

Satellite to ground quantum communication typically operates at night to reduce background signals, however it remains susceptible to noise from light pollution of the night sky. In this study we compare several methodologies for determining whether a Quantum Ground Station (QGS) site is viable for exchanging quantum signals with the upcoming Quantum Encrypt

Thomas Collins, Diogo Pacheco, Riccardo Di Clemente, Federico Botta

Urban vibrancy is an important measure of the energetic nature of a city that is related to why and how people use urban spaces, and it is inherently connected with our social behaviour. Increasingly, people use a wide range of mobile phone apps in their daily lives to connect socially, search for information, make decisions, and arrange travel, amongst many

Dominic Magirr, Fredrik Öhrn

The introduction of checkpoint inhibitors in immuno-oncology has raised questions about the suitability of the log-rank test as the default primary analysis method in confirmatory studies, particularly when survival curves exhibit non-proportional hazards. The log-rank test, while effective in controlling false positive rates, may lose power in scenarios whe

I. Gil-Botella

The Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment (DUNE) is a next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment aimed at determining the neutrino mass hierarchy and the CP-violating phase. The DUNE physics program also includes the detection of astrophysical neutrinos and the search for signatures beyond the Standard Model, such as nucleon decays. DUNE co

Edcarlos D. Silva, Marlos R. da Rocha, Jefferson S. Silva

In the present work we shall consider the existence and multiplicity of solutions for nonlocal elliptic singular problems where the nonlinearity is driven by two convolutions terms. More specifically, we shall consider the following Choquard type problem: \begin{equation*} \left\{\begin{array}{lll} -\Delta u+V(x)u=\lambda(I_{\alpha_1}*a|u|^q)a(x)|u|^{q-2}u+\

Zesong Yang, Ru Zhang, Jiale Shi, Zixiang Ai

Neural surface representation has demonstrated remarkable success in the areas of novel view synthesis and 3D reconstruction. However, assessing the geometric quality of 3D reconstructions in the absence of ground truth mesh remains a significant challenge, due to its rendering-based optimization process and entangled learning of appearance and geometry with

Tom T. P. Franken, Thomas Neele

AuDaLa is a recently introduced programming language that follows the new data autonomous paradigm. In this paradigm, small pieces of data execute functions autonomously. Considering the paradigm and the design choices of AuDaLa, it is interesting to determine the expressivity of the language. In this paper, we implement Turing machines in AuDaLa and prove t

ATLAS Collaboration

This paper presents a new $\tau$-lepton reconstruction and identification procedure at the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider, which leads to significantly improved performance in the case of physics processes where a highly boosted pair of $\tau$-leptons is produced and one $\tau$-lepton decays into a muon and two neutrinos ($\tau_{\mu}$), and the

Dieter Rautenbach, Florian Werner

For a finite, simple, and undirected graph $G$ with $n$ vertices and average degree $d$, Nikiforov introduced the degree deviation of $G$ as $s=\sum_{u\in V(G)}\left|d_G(u)-d\right|$. Provided that $G$ has largest eigenvalue $\lambda$, minimum degree at least $\delta$, and maximum degree at most $\Delta$, where $0\leq\delta<d<\Delta<n$, we show $$s\leq \frac

Daniil Medyakov, Gleb Molodtsov, Aleksandr Beznosikov

Variational inequalities as an effective tool for solving applied problems, including machine learning tasks, have been attracting more and more attention from researchers in recent years. The use of variational inequalities covers a wide range of areas - from reinforcement learning and generative models to traditional applications in economics and game theo

Yurii Nesterov

In the first part of this paper, we prove that, under some natural non-degeneracy assumptions, the Greedy Parabolic Target-Following Method, based on {\em universal tangent direction} has a favorable local behavior. In view of its global complexity bound of the order $O(\sqrt{n} \ln {1 \over \epsilon})$, this fact proves that the functional proximity measure

Daniil Averkov, Tatiana Belova, Gregory Emdin, Mikhail Goncharov

We present an open-source tool for manipulating Boolean circuits. It implements efficient algorithms, both existing and novel, for a rich variety of frequently used circuit tasks such as satisfiability, synthesis, and minimization. We tested the tool on a wide range of practically relevant circuits (computing, in particular, symmetric and arithmetic function

Massimiliano Incudini, Casper Gyurik, Riccardo Molteni, Vedran Dunjko

Determining whether an abstract simplicial complex, a discrete object often approximating a manifold, contains multi-dimensional holes is a task deeply connected to quantum mechanics and proven to be QMA1-hard by Crichigno and Kohler. This task can be expressed in linear algebraic terms, equivalent to testing the non-triviality of the kernel of an operator k

Finn Bartsch, Ariyan Javanpeykar, Aaron Levin

We give a counterexample to the Arithmetic Puncturing Conjecture and Geometric Puncturing Conjecture of Hassett-Tschinkel using symmetric powers of uniruled surfaces, and propose a corrected conjecture inspired by Campana's conjectures on special varieties. We confirm Campana's conjecture on potential density for symmetric powers of products of curves. As a

Kasper J. Kusmierek, Max Schemmer, Sahand Mahmoodian, Klemens Hammerer

The transmission of light through an ensemble of two-level emitters in a one-dimensional geometry is commonly described by one of two emblematic models of quantum electrodynamics (QED): the driven-dissipative Dicke model or the Maxwell-Bloch equations. Both exhibit distinct features of phase transitions and phase separations, depending on system parameters s

Huygen J. Jobsis, Lei Gao, Antti-Pekka M. Reponen, Zachary A. VanOrman

Cs$_2$AgBiBr$_6$ shows promise for solution-processable optoelectronics, such as photovoltaics, photocatalysis and X-ray detection. However, various spectroscopic studies report rapid charge carrier mobility loss in the first picosecond after photoexcitation, limiting carrier collection efficiencies. The origin of this rapid mobility loss is still unclear. H

Jessica J. Kent, Matheus de C. Loures, Art L. Gower

Turbines are crucial to our energy infrastructure, and ensuring their bearings function with minimal friction while often supporting heavy loads is vital. Vibrations within a bearing can signal the presence of defects, friction, or misalignment. However, current detection methods are neither robust nor easy to automate. We propose a more quantitative approac

Alice C. Quillen, Abobakar Sediq Miakhel

We explore the relation between a classical periodic Hamiltonian system and an associated discrete quantum system on a torus in phase space. The model is a sinusoidally perturbed Harper model and is similar to the sinusoidally perturbed pendulum. Separatrices connecting hyperbolic fixed points in the unperturbed classical system become chaotic under sinusoid

Zhuoran Du, Shaodi You, Cheng Cheng, Shikui Wei

Hyperspectral image (HSI) densely samples the world in both the space and frequency domain and therefore is more distinctive than RGB images. Usually, HSI needs to be calibrated to minimize the impact of various illumination conditions. The traditional way to calibrate HSI utilizes a physical reference, which involves manual operations, occlusions, and/or li

Yuxuan Wan, Yi Dong, Jingyu Xiao, Yintong Huo

Multi-page websites dominate modern web development. However, existing design-to-code methods rely on simplified assumptions, limiting to single-page, self-contained webpages without external resource connection. To address this gap, we introduce the Multi-Page Resource-Aware Webpage (MRWeb) generation task, which transforms UI designs into multi-page, funct

Gopal Datt, Ramanpreet Kaur

This note initiates the study of the Fatou\,--\,Julia sets of a complex harmonic mapping. Along with some fundamental properties of the Fatou and the Julia sets, we observe some contrasting behaviour of these sets as those with in case of a holomorphic function. The existence of harmonic mapping with a wandering domain is also shown.

Jakob Glas, Matthew Hase-Liu

We study the singularities of the moduli space of degree $e$ maps from smooth genus $g$ curves to an arbitrary smooth hypersurface of low degree. For $e$ large compared to $g$, we show that these moduli spaces have at worst terminal singularities. Our main approach is to study the jet schemes of these moduli spaces by developing a suitable form of the circle

Junyu Luo, Xiao Luo, Kaize Ding, Jingyang Yuan

Supervised fine-tuning (SFT) plays a crucial role in adapting large language models (LLMs) to specific domains or tasks. However, as demonstrated by empirical experiments, the collected data inevitably contains noise in practical applications, which poses significant challenges to model performance on downstream tasks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for

Ihar Babushkin, Anton Husakou, Liping Shi, Ayhan Demircan

Photocurrent-induced harmonics appear in gases and solids due to tunnel ionization of electrons in strong fields and subsequent acceleration. In contrast to three-step harmonic emission, no return to the parent ions is necessary. Here we show that the same mechanism produces harmonics in metallic nanostructures in strong fields. Furthermore, we demonstrate h

Franco Moitzi, Lorenz Romaner, Andrei V. Ruban, Swarnava Ghosh

In this work, we investigate the dislocation-impurity interaction energies and their profiles for various \textit{3d} elements \textemdash V, Cr, Mn, Cu, Ni, and Co \textemdash in and around $1/2\langle111\rangle$ screw dislocations in $\alpha$-Fe using \textit{ab initio} methods. We consider the ferromagnetic and paramagnetic states, with the latter being m

Christopher Hojny, Cédric Roy

Cutting planes are frequently used for solving integer programs. A common strategy is to derive cutting planes from building blocks or a substructure of the integer program. In this paper, we focus on knapsack constraints that arise from single row relaxations. Among the most popular classes derived from knapsack constraints are lifted minimal cover inequali

Jason D. Chadwick, Gian Giacomo Guerreschi, Florian Luthi, Mateusz T. Mądzik

Exchange-only (EO) spin qubits in quantum dots offer an expansive design landscape for architecting scalable device layouts. The study of two-EO-qubit operations, which involve six electrons in six quantum dots, has so far been limited to a small number of the possible configurations, and previous works lack analyses of design considerations and implications

Sohail Farhangi, Steve Jackson, Bill Mance

We show that several sets of interest arising from the study of partition regularity and density Ramsey theory of polynomial equations over integral domains are undecidable. In particular, we show that the set of homogeneous polynomials $p \in \mathbb{Z}[x_1,\cdots,x_n]$ for which the equation $p(x_1,\cdots,x_n) = 0$ is partition regular over $\mathbb{Z}\set

Jiyao Wang, Wenbo Zhang, Xiao, Wen

As one of the most promising alternatives to internal combustion engine vehicles, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) have become increasingly prevalent in recent years. However, range anxiety is still a major concern among BEV users or potential users in recent years. The social-psychological factors were found to be associated with range anxiety, but how the

Chengming Zhang, Xinheng Ding, Baixi Sun, Xiaodong Yu

Heterogeneous hardware like Gaudi processor has been developed to enhance computations, especially matrix operations for Transformer-based large language models (LLMs) for generative AI tasks. However, our analysis indicates that Transformers are not fully optimized on such emerging hardware, primarily due to inadequate optimizations in non-matrix computatio

Dominik Chevalier, Marie-Pier Côté

Gradient boosting for decision tree algorithms are increasingly used in actuarial applications as they show superior predictive performance over traditional generalised linear models. Many enhancements to the first gradient boosting machine algorithm exist. We present in a unified notation, and contrast, all the existing point and probabilistic gradient boos

Sandip Halder, Sudip Mandal, Kalpataru Pradhan

The enhancement of Neel temperature ($T_N$) of low-$T_{N}$ antiferromagnets in antiferromagnetic bilayers AF1/AF2, where the $T_N$ of AF1 is larger than AF2 (for example enhancement of $T_{N}$ of CoO in CoO/NiO or FeO in FeO/CoO), is a subject of considerable interest. One essential question needs to be answered in these bilayers: is the interfacial coupling

Neha Pathania, Ramniwas Meena, Subhashish Banerjee

We investigate the intricate dynamics of quantum coherence and non-classical correlations in a two-qubit open quantum system coupled to a squeezed thermal reservoir. By exploring the correlations between spatially separated qubits, we unravel the complex interplay between quantum correlations and decoherence induced by the reservoir. Our findings demonstrate

Haoyan Chen, Yi Zhang

We propose a novel and systematic recurrence method for the energy spectra of non-Hermitian systems under open boundary conditions based on the recurrence relations of their characteristic polynomials. Our formalism exhibits better accuracy and performance on multi-band non-Hermitian systems than numerical diagonalization or the non-Bloch band theory. It als

Mario Fritz

General Purpose AI - such as Large Language Models (LLMs) - have seen rapid deployment in a wide range of use cases. Most surprisingly, they have have made their way from plain language models, to chat-bots, all the way to an almost ``operating system''-like status that can control decisions and logic of an application. Tool-use, Microsoft co-pilot/office in

Stefano Bonzio, Francesco Paoli, Michele Pra Baldi

The proper quasivariety BCA of Bochvar algebras, which serves as the equivalent algebraic semantics of Bochvar's external logic, was introduced by Finn and Grigolia in and extensively studied in a recent work by two of these authors. In this paper, we show that the algebraic category of Bochvar algebras is equivalent to a category whose objects are pairs con

Matthew A. Lim, Rene Poncelet

Calculations truncated at a fixed order in perturbation theory are accompanied by an associated theoretical uncertainty, which encodes the missing higher orders (MHOU). This is typically estimated by a scale variation procedure, which has well-known shortcomings. In this work, we propose a simple prescription to directly encode the missing higher order terms

Ben Knudsen

We survey decades of research identifying the (co)homology of configuration spaces with Lie algebra (co)homology. The different routes to this one proto-theorem offer genuinely different explanations of its truth, and we attempt to convey some sense of the conceptual core of each perspective. We close with a list of problems.

Asgar Jamneshan, Andreas Thom

Gowers and Hatami initiated the inverse theory for the uniformity norms $U^k$ of matrix-valued functions on non-abelian groups by proving a $1\%$-inverse theorem for the $U^2$-norm and relating it to stability questions for almost representations. In this article, we take a step toward an inverse theory for higher-order uniformity norms of matrix-valued func

O. P. M. Aslam, D. MacTaggart, R. Battiston, M. S. Potgieter

In 2017, as the solar cycle approached solar minimum, an unusually long and large depression was observed in galactic cosmic ray (GCR) protons, detected with the Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS-02), lasting for the second half of that year. The depression, as seen in the Bartel rotation-averaged proton flux, has the form of a Forbush decrease (FD). Despite

Antonio M. Coutinho, Anirban Karan, Víctor Miralles, Antonio Pich

In this article we study the possibility that neutral and charged scalars lighter than the 125 GeV Higgs boson might exist within the framework of the $\mathcal{CP}$-conserving Aligned-two-Higgs-doublet model. Depending on which new scalar (scalars) is (are) light, seven different scenarios may be considered. Using the open-source code HEPfit, which relies o

Zexiong Ma, Shengnan An, Zeqi Lin, Yanzhen Zou

Large language models (LLMs) are susceptible to generating hallucinated information, despite the integration of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG). Parallel context extension (PCE) is a line of research attempting to effectively integrating parallel (unordered) contexts, while it still suffers from hallucinations when adapted to RAG scenarios. In this pape

Nguyen Thu Hang, Truong Thi Hien

Let $I$ be a monomial ideal in a polynomial ring. In this paper, we study the asymptotic behavior of the set of associated radical ideals of the (symbolic) powers of $I$. We show that both $\asr(I^s)$ and $\asr(I^{(s)})$ need not stabilize for large value of $s$. In the case $I$ is a square-free monomial ideal, we prove that $\asr(I^{(s)})$ is constant for $

Marco Cirant, Alpár R. Mészáros

This paper is devoted to the study of the long time behavior of Nash equilibria in Mean Field Games within the framework of displacement monotonicity. We first show that any two equilibria defined on the time horizon $[0,T]$ must be close as $T \to \infty$, in a suitable sense, independently of initial/terminal conditions. The way this stability property is

Jing Zhao, Heliang Zheng, Chaoyue Wang, Long Lan

Large-scale text-to-image diffusion models, (e.g., DALL-E, SDXL) are capable of generating famous persons by simply referring to their names. Is it possible to make such models generate generic identities as simple as the famous ones, e.g., just use a name? In this paper, we explore the existence of a "Name Space", where any point in the space corresponds to

Kunal Gupta, Pietro Longhi

We propose a mirror derivation of the quiver description of open topological strings known as the knots-quivers correspondence, based on enumerative invariants of augmentation curves encoded by exponential networks. Quivers are obtained by studying M2 branes wrapping holomorphic disks with Lagrangian boundary conditions on an M5 brane, through their identifi

Sunmyon Chon, Kazuyuki Omukai

The direct collapse scenario, which predicts the formation of supermassive stars (SMSs) as precursors to supermassive black holes (SMBHs), has been explored primarily under the assumption of metal-free conditions. However, environments exposed to strong far-ultraviolet (FUV) radiation, which is another requirement for the direct collapse, are often chemicall

Asghar Ullah, Vipul Upadhyay, Özgür E. Müstecaplıoğlu

We propose a scheme to enhance the range and precision of ultralow temperature measurements by employing a probe qubit coupled to a chain of ancilla qubits. Specifically, we analyze a qubit chain governed by Heisenberg $XX$ and Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interactions. The precision limits of temperature measurements are characterized through the evaluation o

Julian L. Möbius, Michael Habeck

Many inverse problems are ill-posed and need to be complemented by prior information that restricts the class of admissible models. Bayesian approaches encode this information as prior distributions that impose generic properties on the model such as sparsity, non-negativity or smoothness. However, in case of complex structured models such as images, graphs

Marc Carnovale, Jonathan M. Fraser, Ana E. de Orellana

The Stein--Tomas restriction theorem is an important result in Fourier restriction theory. It gives a range of $q$ for which $L^q\to L^2$ restriction estimates hold for a given measure, in terms of the Fourier and Frostman dimensions of the measure. We generalise this result by using the Fourier spectrum; a family of dimensions that interpolate between the F

Arpan Mukherjee, Mourad Sini

We derive the effective transmission condition for a cluster of acoustic subwavelength resonators, modeled as small-scaled bubbles distributed not necessarily periodically along a smooth, bounded hypersurface, which need not be flat. The transmission condition specifies that the jump in the normal derivative of the acoustic field is proportional to its secon

Charlène Gros, Mário Pereira

This paper presents a translation from Gospel-annotated OCaml programs into Viper, an intermediate verification language featuring Separation Logic. The practical goal is to extend Cameleer with a new back-end to prove heap-dependent OCaml programs. The logical specification of such OCaml programs is described using an extension of Gospel to support Separati

Markus Sifft, Johannes C. Bayer, Daniel Hägele, Rolf J. Haug

Quantum dots (QDs) are pivotal for the development of quantum technologies, with applications ranging from single-photon sources for secure communication to quantum computing infrastructures. Understanding the electron dynamics within these QDs is essential for characterizing their properties and functionality. Here, we show how by virtue of the recently int

Richard Lang, Nicolás Sanhueza-Matamala

A cornerstone of extremal graph theory due to Erd\H{o}s and Stone states that the edge density which guarantees a fixed graph $F$ as subgraph also asymptotically guarantees a blow-up of $F$ as subgraph. It is natural to ask whether this phenomenon generalises to vertex-spanning structures such as Hamilton cycles. This was confirmed by B\"ottcher, Schacht and

Leying Zhang, Wangyou Zhang, Chenda Li, Yanmin Qian

Recent speech enhancement models have shown impressive performance gains by scaling up model complexity and training data. However, the impact of dataset variability (e.g. text, language, speaker, and noise) has been underexplored. Analyzing each attribute individually is often challenging, as multiple attributes are usually entangled in commonly used datase

Alexander Fagerlund, Eddy Ardonne

We study the $k=3$ Read-Rezayi quantum Hall state by means of a purely bosonic matrix product state formulation, which is described in detail. We calculate the density profiles in the presence of bulk quasi-holes of six different types: one for each $\mathbb{Z}_3$ parafermion sector. From the density profiles, we calculate the (local) spins of these quasi-ho

Alexander Guttridge, Tom R. Hepworth, Daniel K. Ruttley, Aileen A. T. Durst

We present a new approach to investigating Rydberg molecules by demonstrating the formation and characterization of individual Rb$^{*}$Cs Rydberg molecules using optical tweezers. By employing single-atom detection of Rb and Cs, we observe molecule formation via correlated loss of both species and study the formation dynamics with single-particle resolution.

Anais Defossez, Laurens Vanderstraeten, Lucila Peralta Gavensky, Nathan Goldman

We present a scheme to realize a topological superconducting system supporting Majorana zero modes, within a number-conserving framework suitable for optical-lattice experiments. Our approach builds on the engineering of pair-hopping processes on a ladder geometry, using a sequence of pulses that activate single-particle hopping in a time-periodic manner. We

D. Beretta

Enhancing the dimensionless figure of merit zT is central to developing better thermoelectric materials and advancing thermoelectric generation technology. However, the intrinsic interdependence between electrical conductivity, the Seebeck coefficient, and thermal conductivity presents a significant challenge. Over time, various strategies have emerged, but

Martin Staab, Jean-Baptiste Bayle, Olaf Hartwig, Aurélien Hees

Time-delay interferometry (TDI) suppresses laser frequency noise by forming linear combinations of time-shifted interferometric measurements. The time-shift operation is implemented by interpolating discretely sampled data. To enable in-band laser noise reduction by eight to nine orders of magnitude, interpolation has to be performed with high accuracy. Opti

Tao Wang, Chun-xiao Zhou, Lorenzo Fortunato

In the SU3-IBM the oblate shape is described by the \textrm{SU(3)} third-order Casimir operator in the large-$N$ limit. However for finite $N$, this interaction can produce a boson number odd-even effect. In this Letter, we find that, the unique odd-even effect really exists in the nuclei $^{196-204}$Hg. This finding implies that realistic low-lying excitati

Peize Li, Qingyi Si, Peng Fu, Zheng Lin

Retrieval-based multi-image question answering (QA) task involves retrieving multiple question-related images and synthesizing these images to generate an answer. Conventional "retrieve-then-answer" pipelines often suffer from cascading errors because the training objective of QA fails to optimize the retrieval stage. To address this issue, we propose a nove

Alexander Fagerlund, Alberto Nardin, Leonardo Mazza, Eddy Ardonne

We define a measurable spin for the edge of a lowest Landau level and incompressible fractional quantum Hall state in the presence of an Abelian or non-Abelian bulk quasiparticle. We show that this quantity takes a fractional value inherited from the fractional spin of the bulk quasiparticle. We present a geometric picture that does not rely on global symmet

Qi-Nan Wang, Ding-Kun Lian, Wei Chen, Hui-Min Yang

Within the method of parity-projected QCD sum rules, we study the mass spectra of light hybrid baryons with $I(J^{P})=1/2(1/2^{\pm}), 3/2(1/2^{\pm}), 1/2(3/2^{\pm}), 3/2(3/2^{\pm})$ by constructing the local $qqqg$ interpolating currents. We calculate the correlation functions up to dimension eight condensates at the leading order of $\alpha_{s}$. The stable

Sérgio Queiroz de Medeiros, Marcelo Borges Nogueira, Gustavo Quezado

The concern about global warming increased the interest in the energy efficiency of computer applications. Assuming power is constant, the general trend is that faster programs consume less energy, thus optimizing a program for speed would also improve its energy efficiency. We investigate this tendency in a set of C++ and Java solutions mined from Code Subm

Kevin Marc Seja, Niclas Wall-Wennerdal, Tomas Löfwander, Annica M. Black-Schaffer

Phase crystals are a class of nonuniform superconducting ground states characterized by spontaneous phase gradients of the superconducting order parameter. These phase gradients nonlocally drive periodic currents and magnetic fields, thus breaking both time-reversal symmetry and continuous translational symmetry. The phase crystal instability is generally tr

P. L. Krapivsky, Kirone Mallick

We study the evolution of a system of many point particles initially concentrated in a small region in $d$ dimensions. Particles undergo overdamped motion caused by pairwise interactions through the long-ranged repulsive $r^{-s}$ potential; each particle is also subject to Brownian noise. When $s<d$, the expansion is governed by non-local hydrodynamic equati

Soumya Adhikari, Aravind Aikot, Madhu Mishra, Bindusar Sahoo

We construct a dilaton Weyl multiplet for $N = 3$ conformal supergravity in four dimensions. We couple an on-shell vector multiplet to the standard Weyl multiplet and use the field equations of the vector multiplet to replace some of the components of the auxiliary fields of the standard Weyl multiplet with the fields of the vector multiplet and some dual ga

Shuang Li, Qian Chen, Chulhong Kim, Seongwook Choi

Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) uniquely combines optical contrast with the penetration depth of ultrasound, making it critical for clinical applications. However, the quality of 3D PAI is often degraded due to reconstruction artifacts caused by the sparse and angle-limited configuration of detector arrays. Existing iterative or deep learning-based methods are e

Lecheng Wang, Xianjie Shi, Ge Li, Jia Li

Auto-regressive language models (LMs) have been widely used to generate data in data-scarce domains to train new LMs, compensating for the scarcity of real-world data. Previous work experimentally found that LMs collapse when trained on recursively generated data. This paper presents a theoretical proof: once a corpus (such as a subset of the World Wide Web)

J. L. Velasco, E. Sánchez, I. Calvo

Piecewise omnigenous fields are stellarator magnetic fields that are optimized with respect to radial neoclassical transport thanks to a second adiabatic invariant that is piecewisely constant on the flux-surface. They are qualitatively different from omnigenous fields (including quasi-isodynamic or quasisymmetric fields), for which the second adiabatic inva

Isabelle Tingzon, Utku Can Ozturk, Ivan Dotu

Improving global school connectivity is critical for ensuring inclusive and equitable quality education. To reliably estimate the cost of connecting schools, governments and connectivity providers require complete and accurate school location data - a resource that is often scarce in many low- and middle-income countries. To address this challenge, we propos

Mehdi Hosseini Chagahi, Niloufar Delfan, Behzad Moshiri, Md. Jalil Piran

Intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) refers to the leakage or accumulation of blood within the skull, which occurs due to the rupture of blood vessels in or around the brain. If this condition is not diagnosed in a timely manner and appropriately treated, it can lead to serious complications such as decreased consciousness, permanent neurological disabilities, or e

Shi Jin, Nana Liu, Wei Wei

Quantum computers are known for their potential to achieve up-to-exponential speedup compared to classical computers for certain problems. To exploit the advantages of quantum computers, we propose quantum algorithms for linear stochastic differential equations, utilizing the Schr\"odingerisation method for the corresponding approximate equation by treating

Imed Keraghel, Mohamed Nadif

Recent advances in machine learning, particularly Large Language Models (LLMs) such as BERT and GPT, provide rich contextual embeddings that improve text representation. However, current document clustering approaches often ignore the deeper relationships between named entities (NEs) and the potential of LLM embeddings. This paper proposes a novel approach t

Peter Lewintan, Paul Stephan

We focus on Korn-Maxwell-Sobolev inequalities for operators of reduced constant rank. These inequalities take the form \[ \|P - \Pi_{\mathbb{B}} \Pi_{\ker\mathscr{A}} P\|_{\dot{\mathrm{W}}^{k-1, p^*}(\mathbb{R}^n)} \le c \, (\|\mathscr{A}[P]\|_{\dot{\mathrm{W}}^{k-1, p^*}(\mathbb{R}^n)} + \|\mathbb{B} P\|_{\mathrm{L}^p(\mathbb{R}^n)}) \] for all $ P \in \mat

Anthony Kobanda, Rémy Portelas, Odalric-Ambrym Maillard, Ludovic Denoyer

We consider a Continual Reinforcement Learning setup, where a learning agent must continuously adapt to new tasks while retaining previously acquired skill sets, with a focus on the challenge of avoiding forgetting past gathered knowledge and ensuring scalability with the growing number of tasks. Such issues prevail in autonomous robotics and video game simu

Annalisa Caligiuri, Tobias Galla, Lucas Lacasa

Networks model the architecture backbone of complex systems. The backbone itself can change over time leading to what is called `temporal networks'. Interpreting temporal networks as trajectories in graph space of a latent graph dynamics has recently enabled the extension of concepts and tools from dynamical systems and time series to networks. Here we addre

Julien Duron, Louis Esperet, Jean-Florent Raymond

Consider a graph $G$ with a long path $P$. When is it the case that $G$ also contains a long induced path? This question has been investigated in general as well as within a number of different graph classes since the 80s. We have recently observed in a companion paper (Long induced paths in sparse graphs and graphs with forbidden patterns, arXiv:2411.08685,

Adrián Portillo Fernández

We study canonical quotients in model theory, mainly stable quotients of type-definable groups and invariant types in NIP theories. We extend the modelling property to continuous theories and use it to study $n$-dependence in hyperdefinable sets. Furthermore, we study maximal WAP and tame quotients of $S_X(\mathfrak{C})$, where $\mathfrak{C}$ is a monster mo

Karen Wadenpfuhl, C. Stuart Adams

Rydberg atoms are used in a wide range of applications due to their peculiar properties like strong dipolar and van der Waals interactions. The choice of Rydberg state has a huge impact on the strength and angular dependence of the interactions, and so a detailed understanding of the underlying processes and resulting properties of the interactions is theref

Junyi Li, Hwee Tou Ng

Despite their outstanding capabilities, large language models (LLMs) are prone to hallucination and producing factually incorrect information. This challenge has spurred efforts in attributed text generation, which prompts LLMs to generate content with supporting evidence. In this paper, we propose a novel framework, called Think&Cite, and formulate attribut

Nishtha N. Vaidya, Thomas Runkler, Thomas Hubauer, Veronika Haderlein-Hoegberg

Science and engineering problems fall in the category of complex conceptual problems that require specific conceptual information (CI) like math/logic -related know-how, process information, or engineering guidelines to solve them. Large Language Models (LLMs) are promising agents to solve such complex conceptual problems due to their implications in advanci

Gaurav Nath, Othmane Aouane, Jens Harting

We present a method to achieve reaction-limited evaporation for the color-gradient lattice Boltzmann multicomponent model. Our approach involves a systematic way to remove fluid mass from the interface region in order to achieve evaporation rates similar to those in a reaction-limited regime. Through various tests, our method demonstrates accurate and consis

Yang Li, Tianzhi Wang, Tomáš Brauner, Diederik Roest

Pion scattering amplitudes were recently found to vanish on specific kinematic loci, and to factorise close to these loci into a product of two lower-point amplitudes of an extended theory. We propose a diagrammatic representation of pion amplitudes that makes their vanishing on the loci manifest diagram by diagram. Moreover, we provide evidence that there i

Natsume Kitagawa

Corti defined the notion of standard models of del Pezzo fibrations, and studied their existence over $\mathbb{C}$ with a fixed generic fibre. In this paper, we prove the existence of standard models of del Pezzo fibrations of degree $4$ in characteristic $>2$. To show this, we use the notion of Koll\'ar stability, which was introduced by Koll\'ar and Abban-

Natalie Schär, Max F. Zoller

The calculation of hard scattering amplitudes up to NLO is automated in numerical tools, such as OpenLoops. The LHC and future experiments, however, demand high-precision predictions at NNLO and beyond for a wide range of particle processes. Hence, the development of a fully automated tool for numerical NNLO calculations is an important goal. In order to per

Lukas Bieringer, Sean McGregor, Nicole Nichols, Kevin Paeth

With the increasing prevalence of AI systems, several real-world AI security incidents have been reported. However, despite forthcoming legal mandates, the reporting and collection of these incidents still lacks practical standards and proposals. We bridge this gap by establishing a rigorous foundation based on discussions with a diverse group of AI practiti

Augustina C. Amakor, Manuel B. Berkemeier, Meike Wohlleben, Walter Sextro

The optimization of large-scale multibody systems is a numerically challenging task, in particular when considering multiple conflicting criteria at the same time. In this situation, we need to approximate the Pareto set of optimal compromises, which is significantly more expensive than finding a single optimum in single-objective optimization. To prevent la

Mustafa Bakr, Simone D. Fasciati, Shuxiang Cao, Giulio Campanaro

Hardware efficient methods for high fidelity quantum state measurements are crucial for superconducting qubit experiments, as qubit numbers grow and feedback and state reset begin to be employed for quantum error correction. We present a 3D re-entrant cavity filter designed for frequency-multiplexed readout of superconducting qubits. The cavity filter is sit

Bruce Allen, Joseph D. Romano

Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) detect gravitational waves (GWs) via the correlations they create in the arrival times of pulses from different pulsars. The mean correlation, a function of the angle $\gamma$ between the directions to two pulsars, was predicted in 1983 by Hellings and Downs (HD). Observation of this angular pattern is crucial evidence that GWs ar

Tran Thai Hoa, Tran Quang Duy, Khanh Quoc Tran, Kiet Van Nguyen

The rapid spread of information in the digital age highlights the critical need for effective fact-checking tools, particularly for languages with limited resources, such as Vietnamese. In response to this challenge, we introduce ViFactCheck, the first publicly available benchmark dataset designed specifically for Vietnamese fact-checking across multiple onl

Takuya Fujihashi, Toshiaki Koike-Akino

Signal compression based on implicit neural representation (INR) is an emerging technique to represent multimedia signals with a small number of bits. While INR-based signal compression achieves high-quality reconstruction for relatively low-resolution signals, the accuracy of high-frequency details is significantly degraded with a small model. To improve th

Mingjun Liu, Qinyu Wu, Zhixing Ling, Chen Zhang

In recent years, complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) sensors have been demonstrated to have significant potential in X-ray astronomy, where long-term reliability is crucial for space X-ray telescopes. This study examines the long-term stability of a scientific CMOS sensor, focusing on its bias, dark current, readout noise, and X-ray spectral perfo

Hongling Xu, Yice Zhang, Qianlong Wang, Ruifeng Xu

Recently developed large language models (LLMs) have presented promising new avenues to address data scarcity in low-resource scenarios. In few-shot aspect-based sentiment analysis (ABSA), previous efforts have explored data augmentation techniques, which prompt LLMs to generate new samples by modifying existing ones. However, these methods fail to produce a

Nicolas Schärer, Federico Villani, Aishwarya Melatur, Steven Peter

Smart glasses with integrated eye tracking technology are revolutionizing diverse fields, from immersive augmented reality experiences to cutting-edge health monitoring solutions. However, traditional eye tracking systems rely heavily on cameras and significant computational power, leading to high-energy demand and privacy issues. Alternatively, systems base