December 2024 arXiv papers — page 7

Matthew Hogancamp

This paper is intended as a reference for some basic theory for dg categories and their bar complexes. Our modest goal is to carefully record the most important envelope operations can one perform on dg categories (in which one adjoins shifts, finite direct sums, or twists) and the inescapable sign rules that appear when combining these with opposite categor

Peter L. Hagelstein, Florian Metzler, Matt K. Lilley, Jonah F. Messinger

This article presents a theoretical framework for enhancing nuclear fusion rates in solid-state environments under near-ambient conditions. Drawing on quantum tunneling, electron screening, and resonance energy transfer, the study proposes rate enhancements of more than 40 orders of magnitude for deuterium-deuterium (D-D) fusion in palladium lattices. A gene

Evans C. Boadi, Efstathios G. Charalampidis, Panayotis G. Kevrekidis, Nicholas J. Ossi

The focus of this work is on a class of solutions of the defocusing Ablowitz-Ladik lattice on an arbitrarily large background which are discrete analogs of the Kuznetsov-Ma (KM) breathers of the focusing nonlinear Schrodinger equation. One such solution was obtained in 2019 as a byproduct of the Inverse Scattering Transform, and it was observed that the solu

Haitao Wang, Yiming Zhao

For a set $P$ of $n$ points in the plane and a value $r > 0$, the unit-disk range reporting problem is to construct a data structure so that given any query disk of radius $r$, all points of $P$ in the disk can be reported efficiently. We consider the dynamic version of the problem where point insertions and deletions of $P$ are allowed. The previous best me

Shima Nassiri, Mohsen Bayati, Joe Cooprider

A/B tests, also known as randomized controlled experiments (RCTs), are the gold standard for evaluating the impact of new policies, products, or decisions. However, these tests can be costly in terms of time and resources, potentially exposing users, customers, or other test subjects (units) to inferior options. This paper explores practical considerations i

Girish Kumar, Sudheer Muhammad, Alexey A. Petrov

Many analyses of two-body non-leptonic decays of $D$-mesons rely on flavor SU(3) symmetry relations and fits of experimental data of decays rates to extract the universal transition amplitudes. Such fits assume that the final state mesons are well-defined asymptotic states of QCD. We develop a technique to take into account the finite width effects of the fi

Xiaozhou You, Jian Zhang

Generating desired images conditioned on given text descriptions has received lots of attention. Recently, diffusion models and autoregressive models have demonstrated their outstanding expressivity and gradually replaced GAN as the favored architectures for text-to-image synthesis. However, they still face some obstacles: slow inference speed and expensive

Alexander Ayriyan, David Blaschke, Juan Pablo Carlomagno, Gustavo A. Contrera

We present a physics-informed Bayesian analysis of equation of state constraints using observational data for masses, radii and tidal deformability of pulsars and a generic class of hybrid neutron star equation of state with color superconducting quark matter on the basis of a recently developed nonlocal chiral quark model. The nuclear matter phase is descri

Alexander Polok, Dominik Klement, Martin Kocour, Jiangyu Han

Speaker-attributed automatic speech recognition (ASR) in multi-speaker environments remains a significant challenge, particularly when systems conditioned on speaker embeddings fail to generalize to unseen speakers. In this work, we propose Diarization-Conditioned Whisper (DiCoW), a novel approach to target-speaker ASR that leverages speaker diarization outp

Yixian Shen, Hang Zhang, Yanxin Shen, Lun Wang

Digital accessibility is a cornerstone of inclusive content delivery, yet many EPUB files fail to meet fundamental accessibility standards, particularly in providing descriptive alt text for images. Alt text plays a critical role in enabling visually impaired users to understand visual content through assistive technologies. However, generating high-quality

Max Asselmeier, Ye Zhao, Patricio A. Vela

This work proposes QuadPiPS, a perception-informed framework for quadrupedal foothold planning in the perception space. QuadPiPS employs a novel ego-centric local environment representation, known as the legged egocan, that is extended here to capture unique legged affordances through a joint geometric and semantic encoding that supports local motion plannin

Luís Cunha, Mário Medina

Given a binary string $\omega$ over the alphabet $\{0, 1\}$, a vector $(a, b)$ is a Parikh vector if and only if a factor of $\omega$ contains exactly $a$ occurrences of $0$ and $b$ occurrences of $1$. Answering whether a vector is a Parikh vector of $\omega$ is known as the Binary Jumbled Indexing Problem (BJPMP) or the Histogram Indexing Problem. Most solu

Andrea Giusti

Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems (LS-MAS) consist of several autonomous components, interacting in a non-trivial way, so that the emerging behaviour of the ensemble depends on the individual dynamics of the components and their reciprocal interactions. These models can describe a rich variety of natural systems, as well as artificial ones, characterised by un

Joel Kübler

We consider rotating wave solutions of the nonlinear wave equation \[ \left\{ \begin{aligned} \partial_{t}^2 v - Δv + m v & = |v|^{p-2} v \quad && \text{in $\mathbb{R} \times \textbf{B}$} \\ v & = 0 && \text{on $\mathbb{R} \times \partial \textbf{B}$} \end{aligned} \right. \] for $2<p<\infty$, $m \in \mathbb{R}$ on the unit disk $\textbf{B} \subset \mathbb{R

Jihan Ghanim, Mariette Awad

Anomaly detection (AD) plays a crucial role in time series applications, primarily because time series data is employed across real-world scenarios. Detecting anomalies poses significant challenges since anomalies take diverse forms making them hard to pinpoint accurately. Previous research has explored different AD models, making specific assumptions with v

Jingwen Tan, Gopi Krishnan Rajbahadur, Zi Li, Xiangfu Song

Dataset license compliance is a critical yet complex aspect of developing commercial AI products, particularly with the increasing use of publicly available datasets. Ambiguities in dataset licenses pose significant legal risks, making it challenging even for software IP lawyers to accurately interpret rights and obligations. In this paper, we introduce Lice

Oishee Banerjee

We prove that the space of algebraic maps between two smooth projective varieties, under certain conditions, admit a configuration space model, thereby obtaining an algebro-geometric analogue of Bendersky-Gitler's result on topological function spaces. Our result is a natural higher dimensional counterpart of \cite[Theorem 3]{Ban24}.

Mathilde Mâlin, Anthony Boccaletti, Clément Perrot, Pierre Baudoz

The newly accessible mid-infrared (MIR) window offered by the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) for exoplanet imaging is expected to provide valuable information to characterize their atmospheres. In particular, coronagraphs on board the JWST Mid-InfraRed instrument (MIRI) are capable of imaging the coldest directly imaged giant planets at the wavelengths wh

Yoav HaCohen, Nisan Chiprut, Benny Brazowski, Daniel Shalem

We introduce LTX-Video, a transformer-based latent diffusion model that adopts a holistic approach to video generation by seamlessly integrating the responsibilities of the Video-VAE and the denoising transformer. Unlike existing methods, which treat these components as independent, LTX-Video aims to optimize their interaction for improved efficiency and qua

Stijn Cambie

We prove the existence of infinitely many \v Solt\'es' digraphs, the digraph analogue of \v Solt\'es' graphs. We also give an example of a \v Solt\'es' digraph with trivial automorphism group.

Siddharth G. Prabhu

We show that momentum space Feynman diagrams involving internal massless fields can be cast as conformal integrals. This leads to a classification of all Feynman diagrams into conformal families, labelled by conformal integrals. Computing the conformal integral in each family suffices to compute all the Feynman diagrams in the family exactly. Using known exa

Jiabin Yu, Jonah Herzog-Arbeitman, B. Andrei Bernevig

We define the absolute Wilson loop winding and prove that it bounds the (integrated) quantum metric from below. This Wilson loop lower bound naturally reproduces the known Chern and Euler bounds of the integrated quantum metric and provides an explicit lower bound of the integrated quantum metric due to the time-reversal protected $Z_2$ index, answering a hi

Sašo Grozdanov, Alexander Soloviev

In classical kinetic theory, the BBGKY hierarchy is an infinite chain of integro-differential equations that describes the full time-reversal-invariant (Liouville) system of interacting (quasi)-particles in terms of $N$-particle distribution functions. In this work, instead of truncating the hierarchy at the lowest level, as is done by the Boltzmann equation

Jiabin Yu, B. Andrei Bernevig, Raquel Queiroz, Enrico Rossi

Quantum geometry, characterized by the quantum geometric tensor, is pivotal in diverse physical phenomena in quantum materials. In condensed matter systems, quantum geometry refers to the geoemtric properties of Bloch states in the Brillouin zone. This pedagogical review provides an accessible introduction to the concept of quantum geometry, emphasizing its

Mourad Heddaya, Kyle MacMillan, Anup Malani, Hongyuan Mei

This paper introduces CaseSumm, a novel dataset for long-context summarization in the legal domain that addresses the need for longer and more complex datasets for summarization evaluation. We collect 25.6K U.S. Supreme Court (SCOTUS) opinions and their official summaries, known as "syllabuses." Our dataset is the largest open legal case summarization datase

Atanu Maity, Francesco Ferrari, Sylvain Capponi, Karlo Penc

We present a multimethod investigation into the nature of the recently reported quantum spin liquid (QSL) phase in the spin-$1/2$ Heisenberg antiferromagnet on the Shastry-Sutherland lattice. A comprehensive projective symmetry group classification of fermionic mean-field Ans\"atze on this lattice yields 46 U(1) and 80 $\mathbb{Z}_2$ states. Using density-ma

Florian Ecker, Adrien Fiorucci, Daniel Grumiller

We argue there is an interesting triple-scaling limit of quantum gravity, namely when Planck's constant scales to infinity while Newton's constant and the speed of light tend to zero, keeping fixed the gravitational coupling $G_N\,c^{-4}$ and the combination $\hbar\,c$. We refer to this limiting theory as ``tantum gravity'' and describe in this Letter some o

Shi-Ju Kang, Shan-Shan Ren, Yong-Gang Zheng, Qingwen Wu

The changing-look blazars (CLBs) are the blazars that their optical spectral lines at different epochs show a significant changes and present a clear transition between the standard FSRQ and BL Lac types. The changing-look phenomena in blazars are highly significant for enhancing our understanding of certain physical problems of active galactic nuclei (AGNs)

G. Bruno De Luca

Constructing the landscape of vacua of higher-dimensional theories of gravity by directly solving the low-energy (semi-)classical equations of motion is notoriously difficult. In this work, we investigate the feasibility of Machine Learning techniques as tools for solving the equations of motion for general warped gravity compactifications. As a proof-of-con

David Poland, Gordon Rogelberg

We study the operator product expansion (OPE) of identical scalars in a conformal four-point correlator as a Stieltjes moment problem, and use Riemann-Liouville type fractional differential operators to generate classical moments from the correlation function. We use crossing symmetry to derive leading and subleading relations between moments in $\Delta$ and

Cameron Cook, Carlos Blanco, Juri Smirnov

Direct searches for sub-GeV dark matter are limited by the intrinsic quantum properties of the target material. In this proof-of-concept study, we argue that this problem is particularly well suited for machine learning. We demonstrate that a simple neural architecture consisting of a variational autoencoder and a multi-layer perceptron can efficiently gener

Giovanni Maria Tomaselli

Recent simulations of wave dark matter around black hole binaries revealed the formation of a universal density profile that co-rotates with the binary. We derive this profile from first principles, interpreting it as the steady state of a scattering process. We find that the scattering becomes particularly efficient when the ratio of the binary separation t

John F. Wu

Galaxy appearances reveal the physics of how they formed and evolved. Machine learning models can now exploit galaxies' information-rich morphologies to predict physical properties directly from image cutouts. Learning the relationship between pixel-level features and galaxy properties is essential for building a physical understanding of galaxy evolution, b

Hyunsoo Cha, Inhee Lee, Hanbyul Joo

We present PERSE, a method for building a personalized 3D generative avatar from a reference portrait. Our avatar enables facial attribute editing in a continuous and disentangled latent space to control each facial attribute, while preserving the individual's identity. To achieve this, our method begins by synthesizing large-scale synthetic 2D video dataset

Shuhei M. Yoshida, Takashi Shibata, Makoto Terao, Takayuki Okatani

We propose action-agnostic point-level (AAPL) supervision for temporal action detection to achieve accurate action instance detection with a lightly annotated dataset. In the proposed scheme, a small portion of video frames is sampled in an unsupervised manner and presented to human annotators, who then label the frames with action categories. Unlike point-l

Andreas Karch, Marcos Riojas

Here we generalize a well-known computation and uncover a phase-transition, showing that Wilson lines do not necessarily exhibit Coulomb scaling laws in AdS/BCFT at zero temperature. The area difference between a surface that returns to the boundary, and one that plunges into the bulk, determines the potential between two quarks. This classic AdS/CFT calcula

Ilias Diakonikolas, Samuel B. Hopkins, Ankit Pensia, Stefan Tiegel

We study $\textit{sparse singular value certificates}$ for random rectangular matrices. If $M$ is an $n \times d$ matrix with independent Gaussian entries, we give a new family of polynomial-time algorithms which can certify upper bounds on the maximum of $\|M u\|$, where $u$ is a unit vector with at most $\eta n$ nonzero entries for a given $\eta \in (0,1)$

Subhaditya Bhattacharya, Devabrat Mahanta, Niloy Mondal, Dipankar Pradhan

The observable cosmos exhibits sizable baryon asymmetry, small active neutrino masses, and the presence of dark matter (DM). To address these phenomena together, we propose a two component DM scenario in an extension of Scotogenic model, imposing $\mathbb{Z}_2 \otimes \mathbb{Z}_2^{\prime}$ symmetry. The electroweak sphaleron process converts the $\rm Y_{B-L

F. Albergaria, J. F. Bastos, B. Belfatto, G. C. Branco

We study Standard Model extensions with isodoublet vector-like quarks with standard charges. Their presence induces right-handed charged and neutral currents. We identify minimal sets of independent parameters characterizing these extensions, describe useful weak bases, and provide parameterizations for all quark mixing. We analyze the intricacies of CP viol

Purbesh Mitra, Priyanka Kaswan, Sennur Ulukus

Mixture-of-Agents (MoA) has recently been proposed as a method to enhance performance of large language models (LLMs), enabling multiple individual LLMs to work together for collaborative inference. This collaborative approach results in improved responses to user prompts compared to relying on a single LLM. In this paper, we consider such an MoA architectur

Zhaojian Yu, Yilun Zhao, Arman Cohan, Xiao-Ping Zhang

We introduce self-invoking code generation, a new task designed to evaluate the progressive reasoning and problem-solving capabilities of LLMs. In this task, models are presented with a base problem and a related, more complex problem. They must solve the base problem and then utilize its solution to address the more complex one. This work features three key

Enakshi Guru, Sonali Saha, Sankhasubhra Nag

Dynamic magnetic response in a trilayered structure with non-equivalent layers (ABA type) has been studied with Monte Carlo simulation using Metropolis algorithm. In each layer, ferromagnetic (FM) nearest neighbour Ising interactions are present along with antiferromagnetic (AFM) nearest neighbour coupling across different layers. The system is studied under

Yang Chen, Sheng Guo, Bo Zheng, Limin Wang

Recently, dataset condensation has made significant progress in the image domain. Unlike images, videos possess an additional temporal dimension, which harbors considerable redundant information, making condensation even more crucial. However, video dataset condensation still remains an underexplored area. We aim to bridge this gap by providing a large-scale

Zheyan Wan, Juven Wang, Yi-Zhuang You

The local Lie algebra of the Standard Model (SM) is $su(3)\times su(2) \times u(1)$, yet its global gauge group, $G_{{\rm SM}_{\rm q}}=$SU(3)$\times$SU(2)$\times$U(1)/$\mathbb{Z}_{\rm q}$, q$=1,2,3,6$ remains undetermined. Building on previous work on 4d anomalies and 5d cobordism invariants, we classify lower-dimensional invertible field theories (iFTs) or

Audrey A. Watkins, Osama R. Bilal

Simple local interactions can cause primitive building blocks to self-assemble into complex and functional patterns. However, even for a small number of blocks, there exist a vast number of possible configurations that are plausible, stable, and with varying degree of order. The ability to dynamically shift between multi-stable patterns (i.e., reprogram the

David Conlon, Jacob Fox, Huy Tuan Pham, Liana Yepremyan

We prove that a random Cayley graph on a group of order $N$ has clique number $O(\log N \log \log N)$ with high probability. This bound is best possible up to the constant factor for certain groups, including~$\mathbb{F}_2^n$, and improves the longstanding upper bound of $O(\log^2 N)$ due to Alon. Our proof does not make use of the underlying group structure

March T. Boedihardjo

We obtain a non-asymptotic bound for the expected injective norm of a random tensor with independent entries. This bound is similar to the bound by Bandeira and van Handel (2016) for the expected spectral norm of a random matrix with independent entries.

Ofelia Bonesini, Emilio Ferrucci, Ioannis Gasteratos, Antoine Jacquier

We introduce a canonical way of performing the joint lift of a Brownian motion $W$ and a low-regularity adapted stochastic rough path $\mathbf{X}$, extending [Diehl, Oberhauser and Riedel (2015). A L\'evy area between Brownian motion and rough paths with applications to robust nonlinear filtering and rough partial differential equations]. Applying this const

Joanna Hardesty, Chris Moeckel, Imke de Pater

We study the spatial and temporal variability in Jupiter's atmosphere by comparing longitude-resolved brightness temperature maps from the Very Large Array (VLA) radio observatory and NASA's Juno spacecraft Microwave Radiometer (MWR) taken between 2013 and 2018. Spatial variations in brightness temperature, as observed at radio wavelengths, indicate dynamics

Tuo Jia, Zhaojie Xu

In this paper, we present a systematic study of the Chern--Simons theory with gauge group \(\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})\times\mathrm{SL}(2,\mathbb{R})\) restricted to a wedge-identified manifold in the hyperbolic upper-half-space. The wedge geometry is created by imposing an angular cutoff in the \((x,y)\) plane and identifying two boundary lines, which introd

Jacob L. Bourjaily, Michael Plesser, Cristian Vergu

We study the colour-dependence of scattering amplitudes in Yang-Mills theory with arbitrary (but fixed) gauge group and various representations of charged matter. When the rank of the gauge theory is taken arbitrarily large compared to the number of particles involved in an amplitude, it is well known that the number of independent colour-structure tensors g

Rainer Engelken, Michael Monteforte, Fred Wolf

Nerve impulses, the currency of information flow in the brain, are generated by an instability of the neuronal membrane potential dynamics. Neuronal circuits exhibit collective chaos that appears essential for learning, memory, sensory processing, and motor control. However, the factors controlling the nature and intensity of collective chaos in neuronal cir

Xingyu Chen, Jiahao Xu, Tian Liang, Zhiwei He

The remarkable performance of models like the OpenAI o1 can be attributed to their ability to emulate human-like long-time thinking during inference. These models employ extended chain-of-thought (CoT) processes, exploring multiple strategies to enhance problem-solving capabilities. However, a critical question remains: How to intelligently and efficiently s

Jonathan Berkheim, Shaked Levy, David J. Tannor

The Kicked Rotor is perhaps the simplest physical model to illuminate the transition from regular to chaotic motion in classical mechanics. It is also widely applied as a model of light-matter interactions. In the conventional treatment, the infinitesimal width of each kick allows an immediate integration of the equations of motion. This in turn allows a ful

Kristan Jensen, Suvrat Raju, Antony J. Speranza

We study the algebra of observables in a time band on the boundary of anti-de Sitter space in a theory of quantum gravity. Strictly speaking this algebra does not have a commutant because products of operators within the time band give rise to operators outside the time band. However, we show that in a state where the bulk contains a macroscopic observer, it

Hongze Gao, Da Zhou, Lu Ping, Zifan Wang

The bulk phase of transition metal nitrides (TMNs) has long been a subject of extensive investigation due to their utility as coating materials, electrocatalysts, and diffusion barriers, attributed to their high conductivity and refractory properties. Downscaling TMNs into two-dimensional (2D) forms would provide valuable members to the existing 2D materials

Lukáš Vokřínek

The paper presents an enriched categorical account of homological perturbation theory, including the formulation, proof and functoriality properties of the homological perturbation lemma.

Andreas Santucci, Eric Lax

It's not unreasonable to think that in-game sporting performance can be affected partly by what takes place off the court. We can't observe what happens between games directly. Instead, we proxy for the possibility of athletes partying by looking at play following games in party cities. We are interested to see if teams exhibit a decline in performance the d

Helene J. Levy, Brett T. Lopez

Autonomous high-speed navigation through large, complex environments requires real-time generation of agile trajectories that are dynamically feasible, collision-free, and satisfy constraints. Most modern trajectory planning techniques rely on numerical optimization because high-quality, expressive trajectories that satisfy constraints can be systematically

Andrew Comech, Niranjana Kulkarni, Nabile Boussaïd, Jesús Cuevas-Maraver

We show that spinor systems with scalar self-interaction, such as the Dirac--Klein--Gordon system with Yukawa coupling or the Soler model, generically have bi-frequency solitary wave solutions. We develop the approach to stability properties of such waves and use the radial reduction to show that indeed the (linear) stability is available for a wide range of

Vedhanayagi R, Soubhik De, Basherrudin Mahmud Ahmed A, Alok Sharan

This work presents a two-way teleportation protocol for the transfer of an unknown two-qubit quantum state between two parties Alice and Bob, utilizing a six-qubit cluster state. This bidirectional exchange is achieved by performing Bell measurements on the qubit pairs of Alice and Bob, ensuring the successful teleportation of the quantum state for both part

Eric Easthope

I compute the average trial-by-trial power of band-limited speech activity across epochs of multi-channel high-density electrocorticography (ECoG) recorded from multiple subjects during a consonant-vowel speaking task. I show that previously seen anti-correlations of average beta frequency activity (12-35 Hz) to high-frequency gamma activity (70-140 Hz) duri

Herschel A. Chawdhry, Mathieu Pellen

Theoretical predictions for high-energy collision processes at particle colliders, such as the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), rely on calculations in perturbative Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), which are often computationally challenging. In these conference proceedings, we explore the possibility of using quantum computers to simulate QCD processes in the pert

Silvia Georgescu, Monica Guica

The $J\bar T$ deformation is a fully tractable irrelevant deformation of two-dimensional CFTs, which yields a UV-complete QFT that is local and conformal along one lightlike direction and non-local along the remaining one. Such QFTs are interesting, in particular, as toy models for the holographic dual to (near)-extremal black holes. Despite its non-locality

Giorgio Galanti, Lara Nava, Marco Roncadelli, Fabrizio Tavecchio

The detection by the LHAASO Collaboration of the gamma-ray burst GRB 221009A at redshift $z = 0.151$ with energies up to $(13-18) \, \rm TeV$ challenges conventional physics. Photons emitted with energies above $10 \, \rm TeV$ at this redshift can hardly be observed on Earth due to their interaction with the extragalactic background light (EBL). We show that

Karol Palka, Tomasz Pełka

This is the first article in a series aimed at classifying normal del Pezzo surfaces of Picard rank one over algebraically closed fields of arbitrary characteristic up to an isomorphism. Our guiding invariant is the height of a del Pezzo surface, defined as the minimal intersection number of the exceptional divisor of the minimal resolution and a fiber of so

Jianzhang Mei, Quansheng Liu

Consider the multivariate smoothing transform fixed-point equation: $\eta =$ law of $ \sum_{i=1}^N A_i Z_i$, where $N \geq 0$ is a random integer, $(A_i)_{i \geq 1}$ are $d \times d$ random nonnegative matrices, $(Z_i)_{i \geq 1}$ is a sequence of $\mathbb{R}_+^d$-valued random variables independent of $(N, A_1, A_2, \cdots)$, and all $Z_i$ have the same law

Shiqiu Zheng

In this paper, we investigate the well-posedness of bounded and unbounded solutions for reflected backward stochastic differential equations (RBSDEs) and backward stochastic differential equations (BSDEs). The generators of these equations satisfy a one-sided growth restriction on the variable $y$ and have a general quadratic growth in the variable $z$. The

Nabile Boussaïd, Andrew Comech, Niranjana Kulkarni

For the nonlinear Dirac equation with scalar self-interaction (the Soler model) in three spatial dimensions, we consider the linearization at solitary wave solutions and find the invariant spaces which correspond to different spherical harmonics, thus achieving the radial reduction of the spectral stability analysis. We apply the same technique to the bi-fre

Ignacy Sawicki, Georg Trenkler, Alexander Vikman

In scalar-tensor theories with derivative interactions, backgrounds spontaneously break local Lorentz invariance. We study the motion of perturbations of the scalar, "phonons", on these anisotropic time-dependent backgrounds in curved spacetimes. The phonons propagate on null geodesics of an effective acoustic spacetime which has its own metric and a connect

Vladimír Švígler, Jonáš Volek

Reaction-diffusion equations on infinite graphs can have an infinite number of stationary solutions. These solutions are generally described as roots of a countable system of algebraic equations. As a generalization of periodic stationary solutions we present perfect stationary solutions, a special class of solutions with finite range in which the neighborho

Marcos A. Ramirez, Cristián Martínez

In this work we study the problem of generalizing the Gibbons-Hawking-York boundary terms for general quadratic theories of gravity and propose a simple condition to obtain them. From these terms we derive the junction conditions for a subset of this family of theories that includes Gauss-Bonnet (GB) gravity. We re-obtain the well-known results for GB theory

D. Michel Pino, Rubén Seoane-Souto, Maria José Calderón, Ramón Aguado

Hybrid superconductor-semiconductor systems have received a great deal of attention in the last few years because of their potential for quantum engineering, including novel qubits and topological devices. The proximity effect, the process by which the semiconductor inherits superconducting correlations, is an essential physical mechanism of such hybrids. Re

Niall Randall Carrera, Yining Jiang, Xinpeng Shu, Hao Wu

Based on the well-known Tavis-Cummings (TC) model of cavity quantum electrodynamics (QED), we introduce a method for quantum-mechanically simulating the dynamics of experimental masers beyond the mean-field approximation (MFA) that takes into account the spatial variation of the a.c. magnetic field of the maser's amplified microwave mode across its gain medi

Fazila Ahmadova, Daniel Britzger, Xuan Chen, Johannes Gäßler

We determine the value of the strong coupling $\alpha_\text{s}$ and study its running over a wide range of scales as probed by the dijet production process at hadron colliders, based on an NNLO QCD analysis of LHC dijet data. From a large subset of these data a value of $\alpha_\text{s} (m_\text{Z}) = 0.1178 \pm 0.0022$ is obtained for the strong coupling at

Yalin E. Sagduyu, Tugba Erpek

LoRa provides long-range, energy-efficient communications in Internet of Things (IoT) applications that rely on Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) capabilities. Despite these merits, concerns persist regarding the security of LoRa networks, especially in situations where device identification and authentication are imperative to secure the reliable access t

James H. Buckley, P. S. Bhupal Dev, Francesc Ferrer, Takuya Okawa

The hot interiors of massive stars in the later stages of their evolution provide an ideal place for the production of heavy axion-like particles (ALPs) with mass up to O(100 keV) range. We show that a fraction of these ALPs could stream out of the stellar photosphere and subsequently decay into two photons that can be potentially detected on or near the Ear

Katherine Tsai, Mladen Kolar, Sanmi Koyejo

We investigate the parameter recovery of Markov-switching ordinary differential processes from discrete observations, where the differential equations are nonlinear additive models. This framework has been widely applied in biological systems, control systems, and other domains; however, limited research has been conducted on reconstructing the generating pr

Vignesh Subramaniam, Carolina Abrahan, Brett R. Higgins, Steven J. Chisolm

To reduce costs and delays related to developing new and effective drugs, there is a critical need for improved human liver tissue models. Here we describe an approach for 3D bioprinting functional human liver tissue models, in which we fabricate disc-shaped structures (discoids) 200 {\mu}m in thickness and 1-3 mm in diameter, embedded in a highly permeable

Maulik Parikh, Jude Pereira

Quantum fluctuations of the spacetime metric induce an uncertainty in the horizon area of a black hole. Working in linearized quantum gravity, we derive the variance in the area of a four-dimensional Schwarzschild black hole from the renormalized graviton propagator. We find that the standard deviation of the horizon area scales as the product of the Schwarz

Julius Welzel, Sein Jeung, Lara Godbersen, Seyed Yahya Shirazi

The proliferation of wearable sensors and monitoring technologies has created a need for standardized sensor placement protocols. While existing standards like the Surface Electromyography for Non-Invasive Assessment of Muscles (SENIAM) recommendations for electromyography (EMG) and the 10-20 system for electroencephalography (EEG) address modality-specific

Tao Han, Matthew Low, Navin McGinnis, Shufang Su

There has been an increasing interest in exploring quantities associated with quantum information at colliders. We perform a detailed analysis describing how to measure the quantum discord in the top anti-top quantum state at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). While for pure states, quantum discord, entanglement, and Bell nonlocality all probe the same correla

K. S. Babu, Bhaskar Dutta, Rabindra N. Mohapatra

We construct explicit models that solve the axion quality problem originating from quantum gravitational effects. The general strategy we employ is to supplement the Standard Model and its grand unified extensions by an anomaly-free axial $U(1)_a$ symmetry that is gauged. We show that for several choices of the gauge quantum numbers of the fermions, this set

Anand Karna, Naina Khan, Rahul Rauniyar, Prashant Giridhar Shambharkar

Globally, chronic liver disease continues to be a major health concern that requires precise predictive models for prompt detection and treatment. Using the Indian Liver Patient Dataset (ILPD) from the University of California at Irvine's UCI Machine Learning Repository, a number of machine learning algorithms are investigated in this study. The main focus o

Dmitriy Kunisky

We study when low coordinate degree functions (LCDF) -- linear combinations of functions depending on small subsets of entries of a vector -- can test for the presence of categorical structure, including community structure and generalizations thereof, in high-dimensional data. This complements the first paper of this series, which studied the power of LCDF

Siddharth Narayanan, James D. Braza, Ryan-Rhys Griffiths, Manu Ponnapati

Solving complex real-world tasks requires cycles of actions and observations. This is particularly true in science, where tasks require many cycles of analysis, tool use, and experimentation. Language agents are promising for automating intellectual tasks in science because they can interact with tools via natural language or code. Yet their flexibility crea

Clay Cordova, Diego García-Sepúlveda, Nicholas Holfester

Quantum chromodynamics in two spacetime dimensions admits a finite non-invertible symmetry described mathematically by a fusion category. This symmetry is spontaneously broken at long distances, leading to distinct vacua. When the theory has a mass gap, the spectrum is therefore characterized by particle excitations above a single vacuum and soliton sectors

Mingliang Zhu, Siwei Hu, Yu Jia, Zhewen Mo

As a sequel of our preceding work [S. Hu et al., Phys. Rev. D 108 (2023) 9, 094040], we investigate the strange-antistrange and charm-anticharm asymmetries in the parton distribution functions (PDFs) of a light flavored meson, exemplified by the first excited pion in the 't Hooft model, {\it viz.}, QCD in two spacetime dimensions with infinite number of colo

Lecheng Zheng, Baoyu Jing, Zihao Li, Zhichen Zeng

Graph Self-Supervised Learning (SSL) has emerged as a pivotal area of research in recent years. By engaging in pretext tasks to learn the intricate topological structures and properties of graphs using unlabeled data, these graph SSL models achieve enhanced performance, improved generalization, and heightened robustness. Despite the remarkable achievements o

Alaska Subedi

Layered nickelates are believed to exhibit superconductivity similar to that found in the cuprates. However, the precise crystal structure of the superconducting phase of the layered nickelates has not been fully clarified. Here, I use first principles calculations to study the pressure dependence of the structural instabilities in the single-layer-trilayer

Ferran Alet, Clement Gehring, Tomás Lozano-Pérez, Kenji Kawaguchi

The field of Machine Learning has changed significantly since the 1970s. However, its most basic principle, Empirical Risk Minimization (ERM), remains unchanged. We propose Functional Risk Minimization~(FRM), a general framework where losses compare functions rather than outputs. This results in better performance in supervised, unsupervised, and RL experime

Davide Fioravanti, Marco Rossi

We study the linear problems in $z,t$ (time) associated to the Painlev\'e III$_3$ and III$_1$ equations when the Painlev\'e solution $q(t)$ approaches a pole or a zero. In this limit the problem in $z$ for the Painlev\'e III$_3$ reduces to the modified Mathieu equation, while that for the Painlev\'e III$_1$ to the Doubly Confluent Heun Equation. These equati

Octavio Vega, Andrew Lytle, Jiayu Shen, Aida X. El-Khadra

Lattice QCD is notorious for its computational expense. Modern lattice simulations require large-scale computational resources to handle the large number of Dirac operator inversions used to construct correlation functions. Machine learning (ML) techniques that can increase, at the analysis level, the information inferred from the correlation functions would

Stylianos A. Tsilioukas, Nicholas Petropoulos, Emmanuel N. Saridakis

We apply the gravity-thermodynamics approach in the case of Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet theory, and its corresponding Wald-Gauss-Bonnet entropy, which due to the Chern-Gauss-Bonnet theorem it is related to the Euler characteristic of the Universe topology. However, we consider the realistic scenario where we have the formation and merger of black holes that lead t

Gabriele Fici

I will show that there exist two binary words (one of length 4 and one of length 6) that play a special role in many different problems in combinatorics on words. They can therefore be considered \textit{the shortest interesting binary words}. My claim is supported by the fact that these two words appear in dozens of papers in combinatorics on words.

Krish Jain, Joann Sum, Pranav Kapoor, Amir Eaman

Security-Enhanced Linux (SELinux) is a robust security mechanism that enforces mandatory access controls (MAC), but its policy language's complexity creates challenges for policy analysis and management. This research investigates the automation of SELinux policy analysis using graph-based techniques combined with machine learning approaches to detect policy

P. Mokhtari, S. Galeski, U. Stockert, S. E. Nikitin

Quasi-one-dimensional magnets can host an ordered longitudinal spin-density wave state (LSDW) in magnetic field at low temperature, when longitudinal correlations are strengthened by Ising anisotropies. In the S = 1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet YbAlO3 this happens via Ising-like interchain interactions. Here, we report the first experimental observation of m

Ali Moeinirad, Ehsan Amani

Recently, a new alloy solidification benchmark, called AFRODITE, with well-defined setups and state-of-the-art measurements has emerged, enabling a thorough assessment of MacroSegregation (MS) solvers, particularly in terms of their ability to predict different features of MS maps. In this research, we first develop an analytical solution for the alloy-solid

Jian-Zhou Zhu

(Quasi-)periodic solutions are constructed analytically for Galerkin-regularized or truncated nonlinear Schr\"odinger (GrNLS) systems preserving finite Fourier freedoms. GrNLS admits travelling-wave or multi-phase solutions, including monochromatic solutions independent of the truncation and quasi-periodic ones with or without additional on-torus invariants.

Roberto Volpato

We discuss topological defect lines in holomorphic vertex operators algebras and superalgebras, in particular Frenkel-Lepowsky-Meurman Monster VOA $V^\natural$ with central charge $c=24$, and Conway module SVOA $V^{f\natural}$ with $c=12$. First, we consider duality defects in $V^\natural$ for all non-anomalous Fricke elements of the Monster group, and provi