April 2025 arXiv papers — page 2

Michele Tammaro, Jure Zupan

We provide an introduction to searches for axions and Axion-Like Particles (ALPs) at colliders. After covering the basics of collider physics, with a focus on production and detection of new particles, we give a rather broad introduction into searches for dark sectors at colliders. While our focus is on searches for light dark sectors, with the special empha

Qiuyang Li, Xiaohan Wan, Senlei Li, Adam Alfrey

Two dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) magnetic semiconductors are a new class of quantum materials for studying the emergent physics of excitons and spins in the 2D limit. Twist engineering provides a powerful tool to manipulate the fundamental properties of 2D vdW materials. Here, we show that twist engineering of the anisotropic ferromagnetic monolayer

Zhenduo Shang, Thomas Blumensath

X-ray computed tomography is a powerful tool for volumetric imaging, but requires the collection of a large number of low-noise projection images, which is often too time consuming, limiting its applicability. In our previous work \cite{shang2023stereo}, we proposed a stereo X-ray tomography system to map the 3D position of fiducial markers using only two pr

Jongkuk Kim, Seong-Sik Kim, Hyun Min Lee, Rojalin Padhan

We consider the extension of the Standard Model with an inert scalar doublet, three right-handed neutrinos, and singlet scalar fields, $\varphi$ and $S$. In this model, neutrino masses are zero in the limit of the unbroken $Z_4$ discrete symmetry. We show that when the singlet scalar field $\varphi$ gets a VEV, the $Z_4$ symmetry is broken to $Z_2$, and neut

Adham Alkady, Anatoly B. Kuklov

Bose Einstein condensate of dark intervalley excitons must be inherently multi-component because of crystalline symmetries. Since valleys hosting such excitons are separated by large quasi-momenta, a minimal inter-component Josephson-type coupling can only be established between pairs of excitons from the time-reversed valleys. As a result, a paired condensa

N. Graham, H. Weigel

In field theory, domain walls are constructed by embedding localized field configurations varying in one space dimension, such as the $\phi^4$ kink, in two or three space dimensions. At the classical level, the kink mass straightforwardly turns into the energy per unit length or area, known as the domain wall tension. The quantum contribution to the tension

W. F. Kao

An $SU_2\times U_1$ scalar vector model with a scalar doublet $\varphi$ is reviewed for the study of possible magnetic monopole solution. An eigenvalue equation $\hat n^a \sigma^a \varphi_\pm =\pm \varphi_\pm$ is shown to induce a set of monopole solutions specified by the unit vector $\hat n$. It is shown clearly that monopole solution has to do with the ei

Ling-Jie Zhou, Deyi Zhuo, Ruobing Mei, Yi-Fan Zhao

A quantum phase transition arises from competition between different ground states and is typically accessed by varying a single physical parameter near absolute zero temperature. The quantum anomalous Hall (QAH) effect with high Chern number C has recently been achieved in magnetic topological insulator (TI) multilayers. In this work, we employ molecular be

Unnati Akhouri, Sarah Shandera, Jackson Henry

We design several examples of constrained, symmetric quantum circuit dynamics that generate non-equilibrium steady states. The qubit networks maintain local memory of the initial conditions and display inhomogeneous subsystem dynamics over long times, clearly distinguishable from approximately thermalizing networks of the same size. Each network can be descr

Sandrine Bédard, Jan Valošek, Valeria Oliva, Kenneth A. Weber

Spinal cord functional MRI studies require precise localization of spinal levels for reliable voxelwise group analyses. Traditional template-based registration of the spinal cord uses intervertebral discs for alignment. However, substantial anatomical variability across individuals exists between vertebral and spinal levels. This study proposes a novel regis

Silvana Yakhni, Ali Chehab

This paper examines the effectiveness of Large Language Models (LLMs) in translating the low-resource Lebanese dialect, focusing on the impact of culturally authentic data versus larger translated datasets. We compare three fine-tuning approaches: Basic, contrastive, and grammar-hint tuning, using open-source Aya23 models. Experiments reveal that models fine

Harlan Campbell, Antonio Remiro-Azócar

Externally controlled single-arm trials are critical to assess treatment efficacy across therapeutic indications for which randomized controlled trials are not feasible. A closely-related research design, the unanchored indirect treatment comparison, is often required for disconnected treatment networks in health technology assessment. We present a unified c

Justin C. Feng, Shinji Mukohyama, Sante Carloni

Can one be fooled into thinking that space and time are fundamentally described by a Lorentzian manifold? In this article, we describe a scenario in which a theory constructed on a (Euclidean signature) Riemannian manifold can lead to degrees of freedom with Lorentzian dispersion relations, due to a nontrivial configuration of a scalar field. In particular,

Carmine Cesarano, Alessio Foggia, Gianluca Roscigno, Luca Andreani

This paper presents our experience, in the context of an industrial R&D project, on securing GENIO, a platform for edge computing on Passive Optical Network (PON) infrastructures, and based on Open-Source Software (OSS). We identify threats and related mitigations through hardening, vulnerability management, digital signatures, and static and dynamic analysi

Insung Kong, Juntong Chen, Sophie Langer, Johannes Schmidt-Hieber

We show that deep Heaviside networks (DHNs) have limited expressiveness but that this can be overcome by including either skip connections or neurons with linear activation. We provide lower and upper bounds for the Vapnik-Chervonenkis (VC) dimensions and approximation rates of these network classes. As an application, we derive statistical convergence rates

Grigory Uskov, Sergey Sazonov, Igor Zaznobin, Marat Gilfanov

We present the results of our identification of 11 X-ray sources detected on the half of the sky $0^\circ<l<180^\circ$ in the 4-12 keV energy band on the combined map of the first five all-sky surveys with the Mikhail Pavlinsky ART-XC telescope onboard the SRG observatory. All these sources were also detected by the SRG/eROSITA telescope in the 0.2-8 keV ene

Zuraiz Baig, Sidra Nasir, Rizwan Ahmed Khan, Muhammad Zeeshan Ul Haque

Cardiac arrhythmias are a leading cause of life-threatening cardiac events, highlighting the urgent need for accurate and timely detection. Electrocardiography (ECG) remains the clinical gold standard for arrhythmia diagnosis; however, manual interpretation is time-consuming, dependent on clinical expertise, and prone to human error. Although deep learning h

Tabaré Roland

Given an action $G \curvearrowright X$ of a discrete and countable infinite group $G$ on a compact and Hausdorff space $X$, we regard $\ell^1(G\curvearrowright X)$ as the Banach *-algebra crossed product associated to the action. We characterize topological freeness of the action by showing that it is equivalent to every nontrivial closed ideal of $\ell^1(G\

Patrick Charbonneau, Giampaolo Folena, Enrico M. Malatesta, Tommaso Rizzo

For disordered systems within the random first-order transition (RFOT) universality class, such as structural glasses and certain spin glasses, the role played by activated relaxation processes is rich to the point of perplexity. Over the last decades, various efforts have attempted to formalize and systematize such processes in terms of instantons similar t

Yuma Watanabe, Ravindra W. Chhajlany, Maciej Lewenstein, Tobias Graß

The development of numerically efficient computational methods has facilitated in depth studies of various correlated phases of matter including critical and topological phases. A quantum Monte-Carlo study of an extended Bose-Hubbard ladder has recently been used to identify an exotic phase with hidden order, where superfluid correlations coexist with string

Naamán Huerga-Pérez, Rubén Álvarez, Rubén Ferrero-Guillén, Alberto Martínez-Gutiérrez

Retrieval-Augmented Generation enhances language models by retrieving relevant information from external knowledge bases, relying on high-dimensional vector embeddings typically stored in float32 precision. However, storing these embeddings at scale presents significant memory challenges. To address this issue, we systematically investigate on MTEB benchmark

A. R. Piña, Shams El-Adawy, Mike Verostek, H. J. Lewandowski

Quantum Information Science and Engineering (QISE) is rapidly gaining interest across a wide range of disciplines. As QISE continues to evolve, engineering will play an increasingly critical role in advancing quantum technologies. While efforts to characterize introductory QISE courses are underway, a comprehensive understanding of QISE education across the

Michael Osei, Arundhati Dasgupta

We discuss the effect of `Rindler like' transformation in superspace on the WKB wavefunction in cosmology. In the transformed frame we find the density matrix of the WKB wavefunction is mixed, and this is the sign of a thermal system. This background independent result does not have the same interpretations of a particle thermalization in accelerated frames.

Deepesh Singh, Ryan J. Marshman, Nathan Walk, Jens Eisert

Sampling experiments provide a viable route to show quantum advantages of quantum devices over classical computers in well-defined computational tasks. However, quantum devices such as boson samplers are susceptible to various errors, including stochastic errors due to fabrication imperfections. These cause the implemented unitary operations to deviate rando

Barak Gahtan, Sanketh Vedula, Gil Samuelly Leichtag, Einat Kodesh

Understanding physiological responses during running is critical for performance optimization, tailored training prescriptions, and athlete health management. We introduce a comprehensive framework -- what we believe to be the first capable of predicting instantaneous oxygen consumption (VO$_{2}$) trajectories exclusively from consumer-grade wearable data. O

Andreas Trautner

We discuss the recently discovered global $\textit{goofy}$ transformations and conclude that their understanding is mandatory to describe the renormalization group (RG) fixed point structure of quantum field theories (QFTs) in general. Originally, goofy transformations were identified in the two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM), where their surprisingly RG stable

Xiaojun Yao

This is a theoretical overview of quarkonium production in relativistic heavy ion collisions given for the Hard Probes 2024 conference in Nagasaki. The talk focuses on the application of the open quantum system framework and the formulation of the chromoelectric correlator that uniquely encodes properties of the quark-gluon plasma relevant for quarkonium dyn

Nishita Jadoo, Terrence Pierre Jacques, Zachariah B. Etienne

Modern gravitational-wave science demands increasingly accurate and computationally intensive numerical relativity (NR) simulations. The Python-based, open-source NRPy framework generates optimized C/C++ code for NR, including the complete NR code BlackHoles@Home (BH@H), which leverages curvilinear coordinates well-suited to many astrophysical scenarios. His

Paolo Nason, Emanuele Re, Luca Rottoli

In this work we consider the QCD predictions for spin correlations in $t\bar{t}$ production in hadronic collisions. In view of recent tensions between experimental data and theoretical calculations, it has been argued that one should include in the predictions also the effects of the production of the $\eta_t$, i.e. the pseudoscalar $t\bar{t}$ bound state, o

O. L. Dors, C. B. Oliveira, M. V. Cardaci, G. F. Hägele

Metallicity ($Z$) estimates based on ultraviolet (UV) emission lines from the narrow-line regions (NLRs) of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) have been found to differ from those derived from optical lines. However, the origin of this discrepancy ($ZR$) remains poorly understood. To investigate the source of $ZR$, we compiled from the literature the fluxes of na

Jussi Behrndt, Markus Holzmann, Delio Mugnolo

We describe all self-adjoint realizations of the restricted fractional Laplacian $(-\Delta)^a$ with power $a \in (\frac{1}{2}, 1)$ on a bounded interval by imposing boundary conditions on the functions in the domain of a maximal realization; such conditions relate suitable weighted Dirichlet and Neumann traces. This is done in a systematic way by using the a

Federico Berlfein, Rachel Mandelbaum, Xiangchong Li, Tianqing Zhang

Weak gravitational lensing (WL) is a key cosmological probe that requires precise measurement of galaxy images to infer shape distortions, or shear, and constrain cosmology. Accurate estimation of the Point Spread Function (PSF) is crucial for shear measurement, but the wavelength dependence of the PSF introduces chromatic biases that can systematically impa

Tengchao Zhang, Yonglin Tian, Fei Lin, Jun Huang

With the increasing demand for heterogeneous Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) swarms to perform complex tasks in urban environments, system design now faces major challenges, including efficient semantic understanding, flexible task planning, and the ability to dynamically adjust coordination strategies in response to evolving environmental conditions and conti

Jayashree Narayan, Joanna Drazkowska, Vignesh Vaikundaraman

Pebble accretion is the leading theory for the formation of exoplanets more massive than the Earth. Many parameters influence planet growth in the pebble accretion models. In this paper, we study the influence of pebble fragmentation velocity, turbulence strength, stellar metallicity, stellar mass, and planet location on the growth of planets located within

Kazuyuki Yagasaki

We consider time-periodic perturbations of analytically integrable systems in the sense of Bogoyavlenskij and study their \emph{real-meromorphic} nonintegrability, using a generalized version due to Ayoul and Zung of the Morales-Ramis theory. The perturbation terms are assumed to have finite Fourier series in time, and the perturbed systems are rewritten as

Eric R. Anschuetz

We show a relation between quantum learning theory and algorithmic hardness. We use the existence of efficient, local learning algorithms for energy estimation -- such as the classical shadows algorithm -- to prove that finding near-ground states of disordered quantum systems exhibiting a certain topological property is impossible in the average case for Lip

Xu Yang, Brian Skinner

The quantum geometric tensor, which has the quantum metric and Berry curvature as its real and imaginary parts, plays a key role in the transport properties of condensed matter systems. In the nonlinear regime, the quantum metric dipole and Berry curvature dipole provide two distinct mechanisms for generating nonlinear Hall effects, which can both be experim

Daniel Shaffer, Songci Li, Jaglul Hasan, Mikhail Titov

We investigate the Josephson diode effect in a superconducting interferometer under nonequilibrium conditions. In contrast to its thermodynamic counterpart, which requires the simultaneous breaking of time-reversal and inversion symmetry, we demonstrate that a diode-like asymmetry of the critical current can emerge solely due to a dissipative current in the

Adith Praveen, Panchajanya Dey, Suvodip Mukherjee

The dispersion in the speed of gravitational waves is a novel way to test the general theory of relativity and understand whether the origin of cosmic acceleration is due to any alternative theory of gravity. Several alternative theories of gravity predict dispersion in the gravitational wave signal in a frequency-dependent deviation from the speed of light

Marzena Śniegowska, Benny Trakhtenbrot, Lydia Makrygianni, Iair Arcavi

AT 2019aalc is a peculiar sequence of highly variable emission events observed towards the nucleus of the broad-line AGN SDSS J152416.66+045119.0. The system exhibited two distinct UV/optical flares (the first detected in 2019, the second one in 2023). Spectra obtained following the detection of the second flare revealed prominent Bowen fluorescence and high

Pau Figueras, Áron D. Kovács, Shunhui Yao

We study properties of a recently proposed regularisation scheme to formulate the initial value problem for general (relativistic) effective field theories (EFTs) with arbitrary higher order equations of motion. We consider a simple UV theory that describes a massive and a massless scalar degree of freedom. Integrating out the heavy field gives rise to an EF

J. Sears, Juntao Yao, Zhixiang Hu, Wei Tian

EuAuSb is a triangular-lattice Dirac semimetal in which a topological Hall effect has been observed to develop in association with a magnetically-ordered phase. Our single-crystal neutron diffraction measurements have identified an incommensurate helical order in which individual ferromagnetic Eu$^{2+}$ layers rotate in-plane by $\sim$120$^{\circ}$ from one

Dominika Ďurovčíková, Anna-Christina Eilers, Romain A. Meyer, Emanuele Paolo Farina

The existence of billion-solar-mass black holes hosted in luminous quasars within the first gigayear of cosmic history poses a challenge to our understanding of supermassive black hole (SMBH) growth. The problem is further exacerbated by the very short quasar lifetimes of $t_{\rm Q}\lesssim 10^6$ years, as derived from the extent of their proximity zone (PZ)

Jeffrey Giansiracusa, David Lanners, Tin Sulejmanpasic

We numerically study $\mathbb{Z}_N$ lattice gauge theories in 4D as prototypical models of systems with $\mathbb{Z}_N$ 1-$\textit{form symmetry}$. For $N \geq 3$, we provide evidence that such systems exhibit not only the expected phases with spontaneously broken/restored symmetry but also a third photon phase. When present, the 1-form symmetry provides a pr

Bhabani Sankar Tripathy, Nilmani Mathur, M. Padmanath

Hadrons, composed of quarks and gluons bound by Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD), traditionally classified as baryons (three quarks) and mesons (quark-antiquark pairs). Nothing in the theory of QCD stands against the existence of exotic hadrons with more complex quark contents. Recent discoveries by LHCb and Belle, such as X, Y, Z states and $T_{cc}(3875)$, have

Adrien Fiorucci, Simon Pekar, P. Marios Petropoulos, Matthieu Vilatte

We demonstrate that the BMS evolution equations for the mass and angular momentum aspects in asymptotically flat Einstein gravity follow from local Carroll, Weyl, and diffeomorphism invariance at the null conformal boundary, upon providing a minimalistic holographic dictionary as the sole input from the bulk. This result is a significant step in the quest fo

Caiyuan Ye, Yuzhi Wang, Xintian Xie, Tiannian Zhu

With the rapid advancement of AI technologies, generative models have been increasingly employed in the exploration of novel materials. By integrating traditional computational approaches such as density functional theory (DFT) and molecular dynamics (MD), existing generative models, including diffusion models and autoregressive models, have demonstrated rem

Josh Cork, Linden Disney-Hogg

We develop and prove new geometric and algebraic characterisations for locations of constituent skyrmions, as well as their signed multiplicity, using Sutcliffe's JNR ansatz. Some low charge examples, and their similarity to BPS monopoles, are discussed. In addition, we provide Julia code for the further numerical study and visualisation of JNR skyrmions.

Xu Yan, Ziyin Song, Juntao Song, Zhong Fang

Altermagnets, combining zero net magnetization with intrinsic spin splitting, demonstrate unique quantum phenomena crucial for spintronic applications. KV$_2$Se$_2$O is proven to be a d-wave altermagnet with phase transition from a checkerboard-type (C-type) antiferromagnetic (AFM) state to a spin density wave (SDW) state as the temperature decreases. After

Sebastian Leontica, Andrew G. Green

Matrix product states are useful representations for a large variety of naturally occurring quantum states. Studying their typical properties is important for understanding universal behavior, including quantum chaos and thermalization, as well as the limits of classical simulations of quantum devices. We show that the usual ensemble of sequentially generate

Mengdie Zhang, Yu-Zhe Liu, Chao Zhang

Let $A$ be a gentle algebra, and $B$ and $C$ be its BD-gentle algebra and CM-Auslander algebra, respectively. In this paper, we show that the representation-finiteness of $A$, $B$ and $C$ coincide and the representation-discreteness of $A$, $B$ and $C$ coincide.

Luca Sciarini, Sylvia Ekström, Floris Kummer, Steven Rieder

Recent observations estimate that 30% of early B and O-type stars are found in triple systems. So far, the evolution of triple star systems has mainly been modeled using fast stellar codes. Their accuracy decreases with increasing mass, limiting their reliability for predicting the evolutionary pathways of massive triple systems. We coupled Tres, which by de

Nadie Yiluo LiTenn, Tianci Zhou, Brian Swingle

We study how probes of quantum scrambling dynamics respond to two kinds of imperfections -- unequal forward and backward evolutions and decoherence -- in a solvable Brownian circuit model. We calculate a ``renormalized'' out-of-time-order correlator (ROTOC) in the model with $N$ qubits, and we show that the circuit-averaged ROTOC is controlled by an effectiv

Jonathan Schirmer, Enrico Rossi

In this work, we obtain the expression, within the linear response approximation, that allows the direct calculation of the superfluid weight for strongly inhomogeneous superconductors. Using this expression, we find that, in general, the correction to the superfluid weight due to the response of the superconductor's pairing potential to the perturbing vecto

Yanxuan Shao, Jean-Regis Angilella, Adilson Motter

Incompressible fluids in microfluidic networks with non-rigid channels can exhibit flow rate oscillations analogous to electric current oscillations in RLC circuits. This is due to the elastic deformation of channel walls that can store and release fluid, as electric capacitors can store and release electric charges. This property is quantified through the c

Haoyu Guo, Debanjan Chowdhury

Metals at the brink of electronic quantum phase transitions display high-temperature superconductivity, competing orders, and unconventional charge transport, revealing strong departures from conventional Fermi liquid behavior. Investigation of these fascinating intertwined phenomena has been at the center of research across a variety of correlated materials

Hao Geng, Lisa Randall

It has been argued that the existence of a geodesic shortcut in the Karch-Randall (KR) braneworld rules out the possibility for a low-energy intermediate theory, even when gravity is turned off. We study this problem in an explicit example with two symmetrically placed KR branes. We find that there can be a consistent quantization of bulk matter fields with

Qihao Liu, Ju He, Qihang Yu, Liang-Chieh Chen

In recent years, video generation has seen significant advancements. However, challenges still persist in generating complex motions and interactions. To address these challenges, we introduce ReVision, a plug-and-play framework that explicitly integrates parameterized 3D model knowledge into a pretrained conditional video generation model, significantly enh

Shuwen Kan, Zefan Du, Chenxu Liu, Meng Wang

Surface codes represent a leading approach for quantum error correction (QEC), offering a path towards universal fault-tolerant quantum computing (FTQC). However, efficiently implementing algorithms, particularly using Pauli-based computation (PBC) with lattice surgery, necessitates careful resource optimization. Prior work often employs static layouts and s

Jiwen Yu, Yiran Qin, Haoxuan Che, Quande Liu

Interactive Generative Video (IGV) has emerged as a crucial technology in response to the growing demand for high-quality, interactive video content across various domains. In this paper, we define IGV as a technology that combines generative capabilities to produce diverse high-quality video content with interactive features that enable user engagement thro

Sabina Sagynbayeva, Will M. Farr, Brett Morris, Rodrigo Luger

We present StarryStarryProcess, a novel hierarchical Bayesian framework for mapping stellar surfaces using exoplanet transit light curves. While previous methods relied solely on stellar rotational light curves -- which contain limited information about spot properties -- our approach leverages planetary transits as probes of stellar surfaces. When a planet

Sichang Tu, Abigail Powers, Stephen Doogan, Jinho D. Choi

Objectives: While Large Language Models (LLMs) have been widely used to assist clinicians and support patients, no existing work has explored dialogue systems for standard diagnostic interviews and assessments. This study aims to bridge the gap in mental healthcare accessibility by developing an LLM-powered dialogue system that replicates clinician behavior.

Jason D. Chadwick, Mariesa H. Teo, Joshua Viszlai, Willers Yang

Dual-rail erasure qubits can substantially improve the efficiency of quantum error correction, allowing lower error rates to be achieved with fewer qubits, but each erasure qubit requires $3\times$ more transmons to implement compared to standard qubits. In this work, we introduce a hybrid-erasure architecture for surface code error correction where a carefu

Justin B. Bullock, Janet V. T. Pauketat, Hsini Huang, Yi-Fan Wang

Governance institutions must respond to societal risks, including those posed by generative AI. This study empirically examines how public trust in institutions and AI technologies, along with perceived risks, shape preferences for AI regulation. Using the nationally representative 2023 Artificial Intelligence, Morality, and Sentience (AIMS) survey, we asses

Atoosa Kasirzadeh, Iason Gabriel

The creation of effective governance mechanisms for AI agents requires a deeper understanding of their core properties and how these properties relate to questions surrounding the deployment and operation of agents in the world. This paper provides a characterization of AI agents that focuses on four dimensions: autonomy, efficacy, goal complexity, and gener

Derong Jin, Ruohan Gao

An immersive acoustic experience enabled by spatial audio is just as crucial as the visual aspect in creating realistic virtual environments. However, existing methods for room impulse response estimation rely either on data-demanding learning-based models or computationally expensive physics-based modeling. In this work, we introduce Audio-Visual Differenti

Hadleigh Schwartz, Xiaofeng Yan, Charles J. Carver, Xia Zhou

High-profile speech videos are prime targets for falsification, owing to their accessibility and influence. This work proposes VeriLight, a low-overhead and unobtrusive system for protecting speech videos from visual manipulations of speaker identity and lip and facial motion. Unlike the predominant purely digital falsification detection methods, VeriLight c

Jefrin Sharmitha Prabhu, Abhinav Vaishya, Shobhit Bhatnagar, Aryaman Manish Kolhe

The problem of recovering from qubit erasures has recently gained attention as erasures occur in many physical systems such as photonic systems, trapped ions, superconducting qubits and circuit quantum electrodynamics. While several linear-time decoders for error correction are known, their error-correcting capability is limited to half the minimum distance

William Sutcliffe, Marta Calvi, Simone Capelli, Jonas Eschle

The growing luminosity frontier at the Large Hadron Collider is challenging the reconstruction and analysis of particle collision events. Increased particle multiplicities are straining latency and storage requirements at the data acquisition stage, while new complications are emerging, including higher background levels and more frequent particle vertex mis

H. A. Adarsha, Chandrachur Chakraborty, Sudip Bhattacharyya

Sub-solar mass black holes could show up in gravitational wave observations in future and near-solar mass black holes might have been involved in the events GW190425 and GW190814. Since they cannot form from the stellar evolution, their creation requires exotic mechanisms. One such mechanism involves the capture of dark matter particles by stellar objects an

Lev Stambler

We show how oracles which only allow for classical query access can be used to construct a variety of quantum cryptographic primitives which do not require long-term quantum memory or global entanglement. Specifically, if a quantum party can execute a semi-quantum token scheme (Shmueli 2022) with probability of success $1/2 + \delta$, we can build powerful c

Mikihisa Yuasa, Ramavarapu S. Sreenivas, Huy T. Tran

Neural network-based policies have demonstrated success in many robotic applications, but often lack human-explanability, which poses challenges in safety-critical deployments. To address this, we propose a neuro-symbolic explanation framework that generates a weighted signal temporal logic (wSTL) specification to describe a robot policy in a interpretable f

Franc O, Pavlos Protopapas, Dominic W. Pesce, Angelo Ricarte

Using very long baseline interferometry, the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) collaboration has resolved the shadows of two supermassive black holes. Model comparison is traditionally performed in image space, where imaging algorithms introduce uncertainties in the recovered structure. Here, we develop a deep learning framework to perform parameter inference in

G. Schiwietz, P. L. Grande

This work contains detailed discussions on the contents of Phys. Rev. Lett. 134, 076401 (2025), in the following denoted PRL134. In this comment, we revisit and elaborate on the Adiabatic Ionization Model (AIM) for the energy loss of antiparticles in matter, with particular reference to its theoretical foundation as established previously. The AIM framework

Clark Mingxuan Ju, Leonardo Neves, Bhuvesh Kumar, Liam Collins

The development of powerful user representations is a key factor in the success of recommender systems (RecSys). Online platforms employ a range of RecSys techniques to personalize user experience across diverse in-app surfaces. User representations are often learned individually through user's historical interactions within each surface and user representat

Zhixin Lu, Guo Meng, Roman Hatzky, Philipp Lauber

The features of the TRIMEG-GKX code are described with emphasis on the exploration using novel/different schemes compared to other gyrokinetic codes, particularly the use of object-oriented programming, filter/buffer-free treatment, and a high-order piecewise field-aligned finite element method. The TRIMEG-GKX code solves the electromagnetic gyrokinetic equa

Ipek Oztas, Duygu Ceylan, Aysegul Dundar

With the growing success of text or image guided 3D generators, users demand more control over the generation process, appearance stylization being one of them. Given a reference image, this requires adapting the appearance of a generated 3D asset to reflect the visual style of the reference while maintaining visual consistency from multiple viewpoints. To t

Eberhard Bänsch, Pedro Morin, Itatí Zocola

A novel variant of the \emph{residual-free bubble} method (RFB) for advection dominated problems is presented. Since the usual RFB still suffers from oscillations and strong under/overshoots, the bubble space is enriched by \emph{patch bubbles}, giving more freedom to the bubble space. We use a recursive and efficient approach to accurately compute the bubbl

Abraham del Valle Rodríguez

In 2002, it was conjectured that a free divisor satisfying the so-called Logarithmic Comparison Theorem (LCT) must be strongly Euler-homogeneous. Today, it is known to be true only in ambient dimension less or equal than three or assuming Koszul-freeness. Thanks to our advances in the comprehension of strong Euler-homogeneity, we are able to prove the conjec

Ángel Ballesteros, Romina Ramírez, Marta Reboiro

In this work, we introduce a PT-symmetric infinite-dimensional representation of the Uz(sl(2,R)) Hopf algebra, and we analyse a multiparametric family of Hamiltonians constructed from such representation of the generators of this non-standard quantum algebra. It is shown that all these Hamiltonians can be mapped to equivalent systems endowed with a position-

Mohammad Khajenejad

This paper presents an optimal dynamic control framework for bounded Jacobian nonlinear discrete-time (DT) systems with nonlinear observations affected by both state and process noise. Rather than directly stabilizing the uncertain system, we focus on stabilizing an interval observer in a higher dimensional space, whose states bound the true system states. O

Anas Anwarul Haq Khan, Utkarsh Verma, Ganesh Ramakrishnan

We introduce DEEVISum (Distilled Early Exit Vision language model for Summarization), a lightweight, efficient, and scalable vision language model designed for segment wise video summarization. Leveraging multi modal prompts that combine textual and audio derived signals, DEEVISum incorporates Multi Stage Knowledge Distillation (MSKD) and Early Exit (EE) to

Yi Wang, Yong-Fu Yang, Qiuyang Yu

We present the existence/non-existence criteria for large-amplitude boundary layer solutions to the inflow problem of the one-dimensional (1D) full compressible Navier-Stokes equations on a half line $\mathbb{R}_+$. Instead of the classical center manifold approach for the existence of small-amplitude boundary layer solutions in the previous results, the del

Abraham del Valle Rodríguez

We first develop some criteria for a general divisor to be strongly Euler-homogeneous in terms of the Fitting ideals of certain modules. We also study new variants of Saito-holonomicity, generalizing Koszul-free type properties and characterizing them in terms of the same Fitting ideals. Thanks to these advances, we are able to make progress in the understan

Sriram Bharadwaj, Emil Rosanowski, Simran Singh, Alice di Tucci

Quantum simulation offers a powerful approach to studying quantum field theories, particularly (2+1)D quantum electrodynamics (QED$_3$) with Wilson fermions, which hosts a rich landscape of physical phenomena. A key challenge in lattice formulations is the proper realization of topological phases and the Chern-Simons terms, where fermion discretization plays

Derong Xu

This paper presents the lattice design and optics ramping strategy for the cooling section of the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) at the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). The main challenge is that available tuning knobs exceed beam-optics constraints. Independently optimized injection and top-energy optics often yield disconnected solutions, making interpolation impos

Yaming Ou, Junfeng Fan, Chao Zhou, Pengju Zhang

Existing underwater SLAM systems are difficult to work effectively in texture-sparse and geometrically degraded underwater environments, resulting in intermittent tracking and sparse mapping. Therefore, we present Water-DSLAM, a novel laser-aided multi-sensor fusion system that can achieve uninterrupted, fault-tolerant dense SLAM capable of continuous in-sit

Gustavo Avila, Edit Mátyus

The Pekeris coordinates provide a permutationally invariant set of coordinates for H$_3^+$. They are defined as linear combinations of the three internuclear distances that automatically fulfil the triangle inequality for all non-negative coordinate values. In this work, we test three discrete variable representations (DVR) for tightly converging the rovibra

Divyansh Agrawal, Gaik Ambartsoumian, Venkateswaran P. Krishnan, Nisha Singhal

The paper presents a new and simple range characterization for the spherical mean transform of functions supported in the unit ball in even dimensions. It complements the previous work of the same authors, where they solved an analogous problem in odd dimensions. The range description in even dimensions consists of symmetry relations, using a special kind of

Md Fahim Anjum

Large Language Models (LLM) with reasoning capabilities offer a promising path for improving candidate evaluation in planning frameworks, but their relative performance against traditional non-reasoning models remains largely underexplored. In this study, we benchmark a distilled 1.5B parameter reasoning model (DeepSeek-R1) against several state-of-the-art n

L. Monaco, E. Caffau, P. Molaro, P. Bonifacio

Aims. The metal-poor star BPM 3066 belongs to the retrograde halo and presents unexpectedly strong spectral features of lithium. To gain insight into the origin of this peculiar abundance, we investigate the chemistry and kinematic properties of this star. Methods. We performed a local thermodynamic equilibrium chemical abundance analysis of UVES/VLT high-re

Francois Foucart

The collision of two neutron stars is a rich source of information about nuclear physics. In particular, the kilonova signal following a merger can help us elucidate the role of neutron stars in nucleosynthesis, and informs us about the properties of matter above nuclear saturation. Approximate modeling of neutrinos remains an important limitation to our abi

Ewan Davies, Evelyne Smith-Roberge

Thomassen showed that planar graphs are 5-list-colourable, and that planar graphs of girth at least five are 3-list-colourable. An easy degeneracy argument shows that planar graphs of girth at least four are 4-list-colourable. In 2022, Postle and Smith-Roberge proved a common strengthening of these three results: with $g(v)$ denoting the length of a shortest

Alexandre Henriques, Murilo Santoma, Steffen Wirth, Julio Larrea Jiménez

The accurate determination of thermal conductivity $\kappa(T)$ in bulk materials at room temperature and above is crucial for evaluating their compatibility for specific applications. The 3$\omega$ technique is an established methodology for studying the thermal conductivity of thin films, becoming particularly suitable in the case of bulk specimens for $T\g

Gianandrea Lanzara, Matteo Santacesaria

Are there multiple equilibria in the spatial economy? This paper develops a unified framework that integrates systems of cities and regional models to address this question within a general geographic space. A key feature is the endogenous formation of commuting areas linking a continuum of residential locations to a finite set of potential business district

Alessandro Allegrezza, Riccardo Beschi, Domenico Caudo, Andrea Cavagna

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) -- which include skeletal stem cells -- are a promising tool in regenerative medicine. However, their heterogeneous and unpredictable in vivo behaviour remains a critical barrier preventing the development of standardized therapeutic approaches for skeletal tissue regeneration. Several studies have attempted to identify in vi

Peter D. Johannsen, Henry F. Legg, Stefano Bosco, Daniel Loss

We consider hybrid systems consisting of a hole-doped semiconductor coupled to electronic states of finite-size superconductors, where the opposite sign of the masses in the two subsystems give rise to insulating gaps at subband anticrossings. Consequently, increasing the coupling strength to the superconductor can paradoxically suppress the proximity-induce

Sakshi Dang, Sudhir R. Ghorpade

Affine Cartesian codes were first discussed by Geil and Thomsen in 2013 in a broader framework and were formally introduced by L\'opez, Renter\'ia-M\'arquez and Villarreal in 2014. These are linear error-correcting codes obtained by evaluating polynomials at points of a Cartesian product of subsets of the given finite field. They can be viewed as a vast gene

Huan Zhang, Jinhua Liang, Huy Phan, Wenwu Wang

Evaluating generative models remains a fundamental challenge, particularly when the goal is to reflect human preferences. In this paper, we use music generation as a case study to investigate the gap between automatic evaluation metrics and human preferences. We conduct comparative experiments across five state-of-the-art music generation approaches, assessi

Yixin Gao, Xiaohan Pan, Xin Li, Zhibo Chen

The rapid development of AIGC foundation models has revolutionized the paradigm of image compression, which paves the way for the abandonment of most pixel-level transform and coding, compelling us to ask: why compress what you can generate if the AIGC foundation model is powerful enough to faithfully generate intricate structure and fine-grained details fro