November 2025 arXiv papers — page 174

Husam Farraj, Stefano Racioppi, Gaston Garbarino, Muhtar Ahart

We investigated the behavior of lead titanate (PbTiO3) up to 100 GPa, both at room temperature and upon laser heating, using synchrotron X ray diffraction combined with density functional theory (DFT) computations. At the high pressure temperature (PT) conditions produced in laser heated diamond anvil cells, PbTiO3 dissociates into PbO and TiO2, consistent w

Ivano Lodato, Aditya V. Iyer, Isaac Z. To

We introduce a method for evaluating interventional queries and Average Treatment Effects (ATEs) in the presence of generalized incomplete contingency tables (GICTs), contingency tables containing a full row of random (sampling) zeros, rendering some conditional probabilities undefined. Rather than discarding such entries or imputing missing values, we model

Kimihiko Nishioka

The striations in the dust tails of comets are referred to as striae, and their origin has long been a mystery. We introduce a new dynamic model to describe the forms of the striae observed in comets Hale-Bopp (C/1995 O1), West (C/1975 V1), and Seki-Lines (C/1962 C1). Charged particles made of refractory materials, with radii less than 0.5micrometer, are exp

Xiangchen Song, Yulin Huang, Jinxu Guo, Yuchen Liu

This study investigates a hybrid method for text classification that integrates deep feature extraction from large language models, multi-scale fusion through feature pyramids, and structured modeling with graph neural networks to enhance performance in complex semantic contexts. First, the large language model captures contextual dependencies and deep seman

Jonathan Sanchez-Lopez, Ze-Xun Lin, Di Luo, Prineha narang

Heterostructures of two-dimensional materials offer a versatile platform to study light-matter interactions of electron and hole gases. By separating electron and hole layers with an insulator long-lived electron-hole bound states known as interlayer excitons can form. We predict that by placing an interlayer exciton in a time-reversal-symmetry-breaking chir

Diego Ibarra-Hoyos, Peter Connors, Ho Jang, Nathan Grain

Data scarcity remains a central challenge in materials discovery, where finding meaningful descriptors and tuning models for generalization is critical but inherently a discrete optimization problem prone to multiple local minima confounding the true optimal state. Classical methods often get trapped in these minima, while quantum annealing can escape them v

Lambert Münster, Martin Weigel

Based on extensive parallel-tempering Monte Carlo simulations, we investigate the relationship between cluster percolation and equilibrium ordering phenomena in the three-dimensional $\pm J$ random-bond Ising model as one varies the fraction of antiferromagnetic bonds. We consider a range of cluster definitions, most of which are constructed in the space of

Nicola Bariletto, Nhat Ho, Alessandro Rinaldo

Bayesian posterior distributions naturally represent parameter uncertainty informed by data. However, when the parameter space is complex, as in many nonparametric settings where it is infinite-dimensional or combinatorially large, standard summaries such as posterior means, credible intervals, or simple notions of multimodality are often unavailable, hinder

Zhen Xu, Zhen Tan, Song Wang, Kaidi Xu

Sparse autoencoders (SAEs) have emerged as a powerful tool for interpreting large language models (LLMs) by decomposing token activations into combinations of human-understandable features. While SAEs provide crucial insights into LLM explanations, their practical adoption faces a fundamental challenge: better interpretability demands that SAEs' hidden layer

Kexin Liang, Simeon C. Calvert, J. W. C. van Lint

Conditionally automated driving requires drivers to resume vehicle control promptly when automation reaches its operational limits. Ensuring smooth vehicle control transitions is critical for the safety and efficiency of mixed-traffic transportation systems, where complex interactions and variable traffic behaviors pose additional challenges. This study addr

Farrukh A. Chishtie

We present a quaternion wavefunction formulation that reduces the incompressible Euler equations to a single nonlinear Schr\"odinger-type equation with a holomorphic constraint, revealing hidden geometric structure connecting quantum and classical fluid mechanics. The velocity field emerges from a complex quaternion wavefunction $\Psi \in \mathbb{C} \otimes

Kerem Sahin, Sheridan Feucht, Adam Belfki, Jannik Brinkmann

Induction heads are attention heads that perform inductive copying by matching patterns from earlier context and copying their continuations verbatim. As models develop induction heads, they experience a sharp drop in training loss, a phenomenon cited as evidence that induction heads may underlie a wide range of in-context learning (ICL) capabilities. In thi

Mahmoud M. El-Borai, Wagdy G. El-Sayed, Mahmoud A. Habib

We analyze how climate change affects marine oxygen production by modeling plankton--oxygen dynamics with a fractional-order nonlinear system and establishing rigorous conditions for the model's well-posedness. We formulate a three-dimensional system $d^\alpha x(t)/dt^\alpha = A x(t) + f(x(t))$, where $A$ is a diagonal $3\times 3$ matrix and $f$ is nonlinear

Daniel Irving Bernstein, Nathaniel Vaduthala

We use Hanf locality and a result of Cruickshank, Jackson, and Tanigawa on the global rigidity of graphs of $k$-circuits to prove that local and global $d$-rigidity are not definable in the first order logic of graphs.

Hope Lee, Hannah C. Kleidermacher, Abigail J. M. Stein, Hyunseok Oh

The negatively charged tin-vacancy center in diamond (SnV$^-$) is an excellent solid state qubit with optically-addressable transitions and a long electron spin coherence time at elevated ($\sim1.7$ K). However, implementing scalable quantum nodes with high-fidelity optical readout of the electron spin state requires efficient photon emission and collection

Zhixuan Yang, Nicolas Wu

This paper studies the design of programming languages with handlers of higher-order effectful operations -- effectful operations that may take in computations as arguments or return computations as output. We present and analyse a core calculus with higher-kinded impredicative polymorphism, handlers of higher-order effectful operations, and optionally gener

D. Rivera, Fernando P. Sabino, H. Raebiger, A. Ruzsinszky

Symmetry breaking (SB) has proven to be a powerful approach for describing quantum materials: strong correlation, mass renormalization, and complex phase transitions are among the phenomena that SB can capture, even when coupled to a mean-field-like theory. Traditionally, corrective schemes were required to account for these effects; however, SB has emerged

George X. Wang, Yuyang Shen

This study investigates how student exposure to resources in their home environments relates to creative thinking performance, using data from the PISA 2022 Creative Thinking assessment. It focuses on two primary questions: (1) How strongly is exposure to cultural, educational, and digital resources associated with creativity? (2) Do students perform better

Julian M. Morimoto, Jacob Goldin, Daniel E. Ho

We study the problem of efficiently estimating the mean of a $k$-class random variable, $Y$, using a limited number of labels, $N$, in settings where the analyst has access to auxiliary information (i.e.: covariates) $X$ that may be informative about $Y$. We propose an active learning algorithm ("PartiBandits") to estimate $\mathbb{E}[Y]$. The algorithm yiel

Jiayang Wang, Justin P. Haldar

Object: Modern computational MRI denoising approaches are often designed assuming fixed k-space coverage. This contrasts with earlier acquisition-design literature that leveraged k-space coverage modifications (e.g., reducing spatial resolution) to improve SNR. This work investigates whether the performance of modern computational denoising methods can be fu

Joshua Arroyo

$GQ$ functions are symmetric functions indexed by strict partitions that represent $K$-theoretic Schubert classes in the Lagrangian Grassmannian. Buch and Ravikumar proved a Pieri rule for expanding $GQ_{\lambda}\cdot GQ_p$ in terms of $GQ$s via certain shifted skew tableaux. In this paper we identify an alternative family of shifted tableaux that enumerates

Mathew Chandy, Elizabeth Schifano, Jun Yan, Xianyang Zhang

The Kolmogorov--Smirnov (KS) test is a widely used statistical test that assesses the conformity of a sample to a specified distribution. Its efficacy, however, diminishes with serially dependent data and when parameters within the hypothesized distribution are unknown. For independent data, parametric and nonparametric bootstrap procedures are available to

Reza G. Shirazi, Alexander Zech, Peter Pinski, Vladimir V. Rybkin

Computation of electronic spectra is one of the most important applications of methods capturing static electron correlation, including complete-active-space self-consistent field (CASSCF) and post-CASSCF theories. Performance of these techniques critically depends on the active space construction, both in terms of accuracy and computational effort. In this

Xing Yao, Ahana Gangopadhyay, Hsi-Ming Chang, Ravi Soni

Ultrasound (US) video segmentation remains a challenging problem due to strong inter- and intra-dataset variability, motion artifacts, and limited annotated data. Although foundation models such as Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2) demonstrate strong zero-shot and prompt-guided segmentation capabilities, their performance deteriorates substantially when transf

Andrew Yen Chang, Ho-Chun Herbert Chang

Social media platforms have become pivotal for projecting national identity and soft power in an increasingly digital world. This study examines the digital manifestation of Taiwanese gastrodiplomacy by focusing on bubble tea -- a culturally iconic beverage -- leveraging a dataset comprising 107,169 posts from the popular lifestyle social media platform Inst

Ruben Sharma, Ross D. King

We introduce the first formal large-scale assessment of the utility of traditional chemical functional groups as used in chemical explanations. Our assessment employs a fundamental principle from computational learning theory: a good explanation of data should also compress the data. We introduce an unsupervised learning algorithm based on the Minimum Messag

Kirone Mallick, Gabriel Téllez, Frédéric van Wijland

It was shown roughly thirty years ago that the density correlations of eigenvalues of large random matrices display a universal form, independent of most of the details of the distribution of the random matrix itself. We show that when the matrix elements evolve according to a Dyson Brownian motion, dynamical correlations retain a large degree of the univers

Ziyang Gao, Annie Cheung, Yihao Ou

Accurate prediction of protein-ligand binding affinity plays a pivotal role in accelerating the discovery of novel drugs and vaccines, particularly for gastrointestinal (GI) diseases such as gastric ulcers, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. Traditional computational models often rely on structural information alone and thus fail to capture the genetic

RJ Waken, Fengxian Wang, Sarah A. Eisenstein, Tim McBride

Recent advances in interrupted time series analysis permit characterization of a typical non-linear interruption effect through use of generalized additive models. Concurrently, advances in latent time series modeling allow efficient Bayesian multilevel time series models. We propose to combine these concepts with a hierarchical model selection prior to char

Mariane D. Souza-Gomes, Conrado S. Finotti, Gustavo Guerrero, Santiago A. Triana

Inertial modes have been recently detected in the Sun via helioseismology, yet their origin, evolution, and role in the dynamics of the solar plasma and magnetic field remain poorly understood. In this study, we employ global numerical simulations to investigate the excitation mechanisms and dynamical consequences of inertial modes in the Sun and stellar int

Guangshen Ma, Ravi Prakash, Beatrice Schleupner, Jeffrey Everitt

Surgical resection of malignant solid tumors is critically dependent on the surgeon's ability to accurately identify pathological tissue and remove the tumor while preserving surrounding healthy structures. However, building an intraoperative 3D tumor model for subsequent removal faces major challenges due to the lack of high-fidelity tumor reconstruction, d

Joel Kuperman, Pedro Sánchez Terraf

We present two results on the relation between the class of right regular bands (RRBs) and their underlying *associative posets*. The first one is a construction of a left adjoint to the forgetful functor that takes an RRB $(P,\cdot)$ to the corresponding $(P,\leq)$. The construction of such a left adjoint is actually done in general for any class of relatio

Kawshik Kumar Paul, Sawmik Kumar Paul

Resource-intensive builds are often executed directly on the controller by conventional Jenkins installations, which can lower reliability and overload system resources. Jenkins functions as a containerized controller with persistent volumes in the controller-light CI/CD framework presented in this paper, delegating difficult build and packaging tasks to a r

Francesco Pio Barone, Daniel Jaschke, Ilaria Siloi, Simone Montangero

A quantum error correction code is assessed over its ability to correct errors in noisy quantum circuits. This task requires extensive simulations of faulty quantum circuits, which are often made tractable by considering stochastic Pauli noise models, as they are compatible with efficient classical simulation techniques. However, such noise models do not ful

Michael Allen, Ling Long, Hasan Saad

In the 1970's, Atkin and Swinnerton-Dyer conjectured that Fourier coefficients of holomorphic modular cusp forms on noncongruence subgroups of $\text{SL}_2(\mathbb{Z})$ satisfy certain $p$-adic recurrence relations which are analogous to Hecke's recurrence relations for congrunece subgroups. In 1985, this was proven in seminal work of Scholl and it was recen

Diba Hadi Esfangereh, Mohammad Hossein Sameti, Sepehr Harfi Moridani, Leili Javidpour

Musical instrument classification is essential for music information retrieval (MIR) and generative music systems. However, research on non-Western traditions, particularly Persian music, remains limited. We address this gap by introducing a new dataset of isolated recordings covering seven traditional Persian instruments, two common but originally non-Persi

Peilin Yang, Yu Ma

We consider the problem of distributionally robust multimodal machine learning. Existing approaches often rely on merging modalities on the feature level (early fusion) or heuristic uncertainty modeling, which downplays modality-aware effects and provide limited insights. We propose a novel distributionally robust optimization (DRO) framework that aims to st

Nicholas Generous, Brian Cook, Jason Pruet

Advances in AI threaten to invalidate assumptions underpinning today's defense architecture. We argue that the current U.S. defense program of record, designed in an era before capable machine intelligence, cannot by itself preserve national security against rapidly emerging AI enabled threats. Instead, shoring up legacy systems must be coupled with entirely

Henrique S. Xavier, Beatriz Rocha, Diogo Cortiz

This paper identifies the primary topics of interest of organizations participating in the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), the leading standards body for the Web. Using publicly available data from the W3C website, we analyze the participation of member organizations in W3C groups, treating the number of representatives allocated to each group as a proxy fo

Susanne Schennach, Vincent Starck

We propose a novel optimal transport-based version of the Generalized Method of Moment (GMM). Instead of handling overidentification by reweighting the data to satisfy the moment conditions (as in Generalized Empirical Likelihood methods), this method proceeds by allowing for errors in the variables of the least mean-square magnitude necessary to simultaneou

Rafael Ceja Ayala, Isaac Harris, General Ozochiawaeze

This work extends the factorization method to the inverse scattering problem of reconstructing the shape and location of an absorbing penetrable scatterer embedded in a thin infinite elastic (Kirchhoff--Love) plate. With the assumption that the plate thickness is small compared to the wavelength of the incident wave, the propagation of flexural perturbations

Chun Pong Lau, Xinran Li

This paper considers inference when there is a single treated cluster and a fixed number of control clusters, a setting that is common in empirical work, especially in difference-in-differences designs. We use the t-statistic and develop suitable critical values to conduct valid inference under weak assumptions allowing for unknown dependence within clusters

Patrick Scharpfenecker, Tobias Windisch

Exact conditional tests for contingency tables require sampling from fibers with fixed margins. Classical Markov basis MCMC is general but often impractical: computing full Markov bases that connect all fibers of a given constraint matrix can be infeasible and the resulting chains may converge slowly, especially in sparse settings or in presence of structura

Jonas Pleyer

crate2bib is a collection of tools designed to convert Rust crates hosted on crates.io into bibliography entries. It queries the server, extracts metadata from the given crate and also searches for possible CITATION.cff files within the repository that hosts the code of the crate in interest. From this information, it formats the provided information such as

Jacob Trzaska, Amit Ashok

Context: Ground-based telescopes are susceptible to seeing, an atmospheric phenomenon that reduces the resolving power of large observatories to that of a home telescope. Compensating these effects is therefore critical to realizing the potential of upcoming extremely large telescopes, a challenging task that requires precise wavefront control. Ultimately, t

Wendan Jiang, Shiyuan Wang, Hiba Eltigani, Rukhshan Haroon

Academic advising is critical to student success in higher education, yet high student-to-advisor ratios limit advisors' capacity to provide timely support, particularly during peak periods. Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) present opportunities to enhance the advising process. We present AdvisingWise, a multi-agent system that automates time-

David Acuna, Chao-Han Huck Yang, Yuntian Deng, Jaehun Jung

Despite rapid progress, multimodal reasoning still lacks a systematic approach to synthesize large-scale vision-centric datasets beyond visual math. We introduce a framework able to synthesize vision-centric problems spanning diverse levels of complexity, and the resulting dataset with over 1M high-quality problems including: reasoning traces, preference dat

Pasan Dissanayake, Sanghamitra Dutta

Transformer-based models have shown promising performance on tabular data compared to their classical counterparts such as neural networks and Gradient Boosted Decision Trees (GBDTs) in scenarios with limited training data. They utilize their pre-trained knowledge to adapt to new domains, achieving commendable performance with only a few training examples, a

N. Yu. Frolov, A. Yu. Klokov, A. I. Sharkov, M. V. Pugachev

Understanding the properties of two-dimensional materials interfaces with the substrate is necessary for device applications. Surface acoustic wave propagation through the layered material flake on a substrate could provide unique information on the transverse rigidity of the flake-to-substrate interaction. We generate ultrasonic waves by a focused femtoseco

Yehyun Suh, Lin Li, Aric Plumley, Chaochao Zhou

Accurate matching of pedicle screws in both anteroposterior (AP) and lateral (LAT) images is critical for successful spinal decompression and stabilization during surgery. However, establishing screw correspondence, especially in LAT views, remains a significant clinical challenge. This paper introduces a method to address pedicle screw correspondence and po

S. A. Ferraris, J. P. Carlomagno, G. A. Contrera, A. G. Grunfeld

We investigate the thermodynamic properties of cold magnetized quark matter within a nonlocal Nambu Jona Lasinio (nlNJL) model. Our study addresses the equation of state, anisotropic pressures, quark density, speed of sound, and magnetic susceptibility, with direct comparison to the chiral limit. Strong magnetic fields are found to generate marked anisotropy

Christoph Grüne, Dorothee Henke, Eva Rotenberg, Lasse Wulf

We consider Stackelberg pricing games, which are also known as bilevel pricing problems, or combinatorial price-setting problems. This family of problems consists of games between two players: the leader and the follower. There is a market that is partitioned into two parts: the part of the leader and the part of the leader's competitors. The leader controls

Thuy Ngoc Nguyen, Jeffrey Flagg, Cleotilde Gonzalez

Understanding how humans attribute beliefs, goals, and intentions to others, known as theory of mind (ToM), is critical in the context of human-computer interaction. Despite various metrics used to assess ToM, the interplay between cognitive, spatial, and emotional factors in influencing human decision making during adversarial interactions remains underexpl

Hung-Yi Pu

Determining whether black hole jets are dominated by leptonic or baryonic matter remains an open question in high-energy astrophysics. We propose that extreme mass ratio binary (EMRB) black holes, where an intermediate mass secondary black hole (a "miniquasar") periodically interacts with the accretion flow of a supermassive black hole (SMBH), offer a natura

V. A. Balakirev, I. N. Onishchenko

The energy characteristics of a relativistic charged particle in the field of a plane electromagnetic wave of a given amplitude are studied. The dependence of the particle's energy on its phase coordinate is obtained. The maximum value of the particle's energy during acceleration, as well as the acceleration length and time, are determined. The transverse di

Jacob T. Rosenthal, Emma Hahesy, Sulov Chalise, Menglei Zhu

Clinical trials play an important role in cancer care and research, yet participation rates remain low. We developed MSK-MATCH (Memorial Sloan Kettering Multi-Agent Trial Coordination Hub), an AI system for automated eligibility screening from clinical text. MSK-MATCH integrates a large language model with a curated oncology trial knowledge base and retrieva

Eric P. Andersson, Martin P. Rey, Robert M. Yates, Justin I. Read

The chemical abundances of stars in galaxies are a fossil record of the star formation and stellar evolution processes that regulate galaxy formation, including the stellar initial mass function, the fraction and timing of type Ia supernovae (SNeIa), and nucleosynthesis inside massive stars. In this paper, we systematically explore uncertainties associated w

Anirudh Satheesh, Keenan Powell, Vaneet Aggarwal

A central challenge in reinforcement learning is that policies trained in controlled environments often fail under distribution shifts at deployment into real-world environments. Distributionally Robust Reinforcement Learning (DRRL) addresses this by optimizing for worst-case performance within an uncertainty set defined by a robustness budget $\epsilon$. Ho

Ramón Alain Miranda-Quintana

We study the properties of the exponential ansatz formed by strings of creation operators. We discuss the conditions under which we can recover a structure similar to traditional coupled cluster methods. We pay particular attention to the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff expansion of these operators.

Pasquale Ambrosio

We present recent advances in the regularity theory for weak solutions to some classes of elliptic and parabolic equations with strongly singular or degenerate structure. The equations under consideration satisfy standard $p$-growth and $p$-ellipticity conditions only outside a ball centered at the origin. In the elliptic setting, we describe Besov and Sobol

Tamara Broderick, Ali Jadbabaie, Vanessa Lin, Manuel Quintero

Surety bonds are financial agreements between a contractor (principal) and obligee (project owner) to complete a project. However, most large-scale projects involve multiple contractors, creating a network and introducing the possibility of incomplete obligations to propagate and result in project failures. Typical models for risk assessment assume independe

Arnold Neumaier, Phillip Josef Bachler

We discuss various old and new definitions of the notion of a vector field on a convenient manifold that can be proved to give rise to Lie algebras, and are in finite dimensions equivalent to the standard notion of a vector field.

Bryce Fuller, Mario Motta, Stuart M. Harwood, Chetan Murthy

A variety of quantum computing algorithms exist for the preparation of approximate Hamiltonian ground states. A natural and important question is how these ground-state approximations can be further improved using adiabatic state preparation. Here, we present a heuristic method to carry out adiabatic state preparation starting from a generic initial wavefunc

Raimund M. Kovacevic, Nikolaos I. Stilianakis, Vladimir M. Veliov

Waning immunity and reinfection are critical features of many infectious diseases, but epidemiological models often fail to capture the intricate interaction between an individual's history of immunity and their current infection status; when they do, the approach is usually overly simplistic. We develop a novel dual-age structured model that simultaneously

François Gay-Balmaz, Álvaro Rodríguez Abella, Hiroaki Yoshimura

Part I of this paper introduced the infinite dimensional Lagrange-Dirac theory for physical systems on the space of differential forms over a smooth manifold with boundary. This approach is particularly well-suited for systems involving energy exchange through the boundary, as it is built upon a restricted dual space -- a vector subspace of the topological d

Julian Saffer

With the implementation of a low-energy trigger, the surface array of the IceCube Neutrino Observatory is able to record cosmic-ray induced air showers with a primary energy of a few hundred TeV. This extension of the energy range closes the gap between direct and indirect observations of primary cosmic rays and provides the potential to test the validity of

Mihail Atanasov, Santiago Berrezueta-Guzman, Stefan Wagner

Modern educational environments increasingly rely on digital platforms to facilitate interaction between students and educators. Discord has emerged as a popular communication platform in academic settings, offering a combination of messaging and support for chatbot development. However, most existing Discord bots lack specialized educational functionalities

Dhananjay Ashok, Suraj Nair, Mutasem Al-Darabsah, Choon Hui Teo

Zero-shot dense retrieval is a challenging setting where a document corpus is provided without relevant queries, necessitating a reliance on pretrained dense retrievers (DRs). However, since these DRs are not trained on the target corpus, they struggle to represent semantic differences between similar documents. To address this failing, we introduce a traini

Eric Godden, Jacquie Groenewegen, Michael Wheeler, Matthew K. X. J. Pan

This work presents novel robot-mediated immersive experiences enabled by an encountered-type haptic display (ETHD) that introduces direct physical contact in virtual environments. We focus on social-physical interactions, a class of interaction associated with meaningful human outcomes in prior human-robot interaction (HRI) research. We explore the implement

Yujin Potter, Zhun Wang, Nicholas Crispino, Kyle Montgomery

As foundation models become more sophisticated, ensuring their trustworthiness becomes increasingly critical; yet, unlike text and image, the video modality still lacks comprehensive trustworthiness benchmarks. We introduce VMDT (Video-Modal DecodingTrust), the first unified platform for evaluating text-to-video (T2V) and video-to-text (V2T) models across fi

Sina Malakouti, Boqing Gong, Adriana Kovashka

Text-to-image (T2I) diffusion models achieve impressive photorealism by training on large-scale web data, but models inherit cultural biases and fail to depict underrepresented regions faithfully. Existing cultural benchmarks focus mainly on object-centric categories (e.g., food, attire, and architecture), overlooking the social and daily activities that mor

Jeong-Jung Kim, Doo-Yeol Koh, Chang-Hyun Kim

This paper presents a robotic assembly framework that combines Vision-Language Models (VLMs) with imitation learning for assembly manipulation tasks. Our system employs a gripper-equipped robot that moves in 3D space to perform assembly operations. The framework integrates visual perception, natural language understanding, and learned primitive skills to ena

Slobodan N. Simić

The goal of this paper is to explore the relationship between the geometric properties of an Anosov flow on a closed manifold $M$ and the analytic properties of its infinitesimal generator $X$ as a linear operator on the space of smooth differential forms of all degrees. In particular, we study the solvability of the Liv\v{s}ic equation $L_X \xi = \eta$ on t

Jesús Ildefonso Díaz

In the so-called Child-Langmuir law, established since 1911, an electron beam is formed linking two electrodes, which are assumed to be two parallel plates of area $A$, separated to a finite distance $D.$ When $% D\ll \sqrt{A},$ \textquotedblleft edge effects\textquotedblright\ are negligible and the modelling is reduced to a nonlinear boundary problem for a

Jeongwon Lee, Nathan Lesnevich, Martha Precup

For a finite subset $I$ of positive integers, the descent polynomial $\mathcal{D}(I;n)$ counts the number of permutations in $S_n$ that have descent set $I$. We generalize descent polynomials by considering permutations with a specific subset $S$ of common inversions called $\mathbf{h}$-inversions, where $\mathbf{h} = (\mathbf{h}(1), \mathbf{h}(2), \ldots )$

Jiaqi Wang, Yang Xu, Saumya Choudhary, Omid Mozafar

Laser beams with high optical power propagating in a Kerr medium can undergo self-focusing when their power exceeds a critical power determined by the optical properties of the medium. The highly concentrated energy close to the in the region of the self-focus can lead to other nonlinear phenomena and cause significant irreversible damage to the material. We

Zeyi Liao, Yadong Lu, Boyu Gou, Huan Sun

Graphical user interface (GUI) grounding, the process of mapping human instructions to GUI actions, serves as a fundamental basis to autonomous GUI agents. While existing grounding models achieve promising performance to simulate the mouse click action on various click-based benchmarks, another essential mode of mouse interaction, namely dragging, remains la

Duanya Lyu, Xiang Yan

This study investigates the impact of transit service attributes, focusing on service frequency and on-time performance (OTP), on bus ridership in Miami-Dade County. We obtained route-level ridership from automated passenger counter (APC) data and service performance metrics from the General Transit Feed Specification Real Time (GTFS-RT) data. The panel data

Nilay Bostan, Rafid H. Dejrah, Anish Ghoshal

We propose a predictive $SO(10)$ Grand Unified Theory (GUT) framework for cosmic inflation in the Palatini $\mathcal{R}^2$ formulation of gravity. In this model, a GUT Higgs field both drives inflation and induces intermediate-scale symmetry breaking, thereby linking primordial cosmology, gauge unification, and topological defect formation. A partial inflati

Moisés Alves, Vitor L. Sena, Santiago Zamora, Tailan S. Sarubi

Randomness is fundamental for secure communication and information processing. While continuous-variable optical systems offer an attractive platform for this task, certifying genuine quantum randomness in such setups remains challenging. We present a semi-device-independent scheme for randomness certification tailored to continuous-variable implementations,

Cheng Shi, Ross Parker, Panayotis G. Kevrekides, Michael I. Weinstein

We establish a sharp criterion for the stability of a class of compactly supported, homogeneous density``minimal compact solitons'' or MCS states, of the time-dependent discrete nonlinear Schr\"odinger equation on a multi-lattice, $\mathbb L$ ($\mathbb L$-DNLS). MCS states arise for multi-lattices where a nearest neighbor Laplace-type operator on $\mathbb L$

Jake A. Miller, Edward M. Cackett, Misty C. Bentz, Michael R. Goad

Continuum reverberation mapping probes the size scale of the optical continuum-emitting region in active galactic nuclei (AGN). The source of this emission has long been thought to originate from the accretion disk, but recent studies suggest the broad line region (BLR) may significantly contribute to both the observed flux and continuum interband delays. We

Yingying Li, David Morris, Peng Zhang

Surface modification of TiO2 with single-atom catalysts (SACs) is an effective strategy for enhancing photocatalytic efficiency. However, thorough characterization of SACs at the atomic scale remains challenging. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) offers unique advantages for the in-depth analysis of TiO2-supported SACs. By employing XAS, the local atomic s

Richard Jiarui Tong

This paper offers a concise, 60-year synthesis of human-AI collaboration, from Licklider's ``man-computer symbiosis" (AI as colleague) and Engelbart's ``augmenting human intellect" (AI as tool) to contemporary poles: Human-Centered AI's ``supertool" and Symbiotic Intelligence's mutual-adaptation model. We formalize the mechanism for effective teaming as a ca

Nivedita Sinha, Bharati Khanijo, Sanskar Singh, Priyansh Mahant

In this paper, we describe a multi-modal search system designed to search old archaeological books and reports. This corpus is digitally available as scanned PDFs, but varies widely in the quality of scans. Our pipeline, designed for multi-modal archaeological documents, extracts and indexes text, images (classified into maps, photos, layouts, and others), a

Samuele Brunetta, Samantha Sbarra, Brandon Shuen Yi Loke, Jean-François Carlin

In recent years, aluminum nitride (AlN) has emerged as an attractive material for integrated photonics due to its low propagation losses, wide transparency window, and presence of both second- and third-order optical nonlinearities. However, most of the research led on this platform has primarily focused on applications, rather than material optimization, al

Bartomeu Fiol, Elena Gijon, Unai Lejarza Alonso

We revisit the solution to the Schwinger-Dyson equations in the simple case of the 0-dimensional $\frac{1}{2}m^2 \phi^2 +\frac{\lambda}{4} \phi^4$ theory with $m^2>0$ and $\lambda \geq 0$. We argue that the truncated Schwinger-Dyson equations are solved by rational approximants to all n-point functions $\langle \phi^{2k} \rangle$, and provide strikingly simp

Seo Hyun Kim, Sunwoo Hong, Hojung Jung, Youngrok Park

Masked diffusion models have demonstrated competitive results on various tasks including language generation. However, due to its iterative refinement process, the inference is often bottlenecked by slow and static sampling speed. To overcome this problem, we introduce `KL-Adaptive Stability Sampling' (KLASS), a fast yet effective sampling method that exploi

M. Gonzalez, M. Acosta

GitOps is a foundational approach for modernizing infrastructure by leveraging Git as the single source of truth for declarative configurations. The poster explores how GitOps transforms traditional control system infrastructure, services and applications by enabling fully automated, auditable, and version-controlled infrastructure management. Cloud-native a

Nathan X. Roth, Stefanie N. Milam, Martin A. Cordiner, Anthony J. Remijan

We report a survey of molecular emission from cometary volatiles using the Atacama Large Millimeter/Submillimeter Array (ALMA) toward comet C/2017 K2 (PanSTARRS) carried out on UT 2022 September 21, 22, and 23 at a heliocentric distance ($r_H$) of 2.1 au. These measurements of HCN, CS, CO, CH$_3$OH, and H$_2$CO (along with continuum emission from dust) sampl

Rachel B. Fernandes, Samson Johnson, Galen J. Bergsten, Sakhee Bhure

Searching for life elsewhere in the universe is one of the most highly prioritized pursuits in astronomy today. However, the ability to observe evidence of Earth-like life through biosignatures is limited by the number of planets in the solar neighborhood with conditions similar to Earth. The occurrence rate of Earth-like planets in the habitable zones of Su

Fabian Hahner

We describe the variety of square-zero elements in the (2,0) super Poincaré algebra in ten dimensions, together with its orbit stratification induced by the action of the spin group and R-symmetry. This provides a classification of all possible twisting supercharges of type IIB supergravity in a flat background. Compared to other varieties of square-zero ele

Steve Bryson, Michelle Kunimoto, Ruslan Belikov, Galen J. Bergsten

$\eta_{\oplus}$, the occurrence rate of rocky habitable zone exoplanets orbiting Sun-like stars, is of great interest to both the astronomical community and the general public. The Kepler space telescope has made it possible to estimate $\eta_{\oplus}$, but estimates by different groups vary by more than an order of magnitude. We identify several causes for

Michele De Leo, Davide Massari, Michele Bellazzini, Alessio Mucciarelli

The complex task of unraveling the assembly history of the Milky Way is in constant evolution with new substructures identified continuously. To properly validate and characterise the family of galactic progenitors, it is important to take into account all the effects that can shape the distribution of tracers in the Galaxy. First among the often overlooked

Marzia Bordone, Gino Isidori, Christiane Mayer, Jan-Niklas Toelstede

We present a study of the rare baryonic decay $\Lambda_b \to \Lambda \tau^+ \tau^-$ as a probe of new physics (NP) coupled preferentially to third-generation fermions. Within the Standard Model, we evaluate the branching ratio and the lepton-flavour-universality (LFU) ratio $R_{\Lambda}^{\tau/\mu}$, including both perturbative and long-distance charm contrib

Simon Schleich, Sudeshna Boro Saikia, Quentin Changeat, Manuel Güdel

Since the launch of JWST, observations of exoplanetary atmospheres have seen a revolution in data quality. Given that atmospheric parameter inferences depend heavily on the underlying data, a re-evaluation of current methodologies is warranted to assess the reliability of these results. We investigate the impact of variations in input spectra on atmospheric

Jung-Wook Kim, Raj Patil, Trevor Scheopner, Jan Steinhoff

Two fundamentally distinct types of quantities are both called "eikonal" in present amplitudes literature. The unitarity of the S-matrix ensures it can be written as the exponential of a Hermitian operator. The eikonal generator or Magnusian, which is the classical limit of the expectation value of that operator, generates all scattering observables. The lea

B. K. Saika, S. Buchberger, S. Mo, A. Rajan

The formation of flat electronic bands from long-wavelength superperiodic moiré potentials in van der Waals heterostructures underpins the creation and control of a host of highly-tunable correlated and topological phases. While the underlying moiré periodicity is typically a fixed property of the heterostructure, here we show how the development of a charge

Mohammad Akhond, Shigeki Sugimoto

During the last decade, the notion of an 't Hooft anomaly has been generalised to the case of discrete symmetries. An interesting instance, discussed by Tanizaki, is the mixed anomaly between the discrete axial symmetry and the flavour and baryonic symmetries in massless QCD$_4$. The goal of this note is to provide a derivation of this anomaly from a top-dow

Ziqing Guo, Jan Balewski, Kewen Xiao, Ziwen Pan

Quantum data encoding (QDE) enables faster com-putations than classical algorithms through superposition and en-tanglement. Circuit cutting and knitting are effective techniques for ameliorating current noisy quantum processing unit (QPUs) errors via a divide-and-conquer approach that splits quantum circuits into subcircuits and recombines them using classic